JP7201347B2 - Waste paper pulp raw material manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a production method and a production apparatus for producing waste paper pulp material from waste paper packages containing contraindicated items.

In a paper mill, waste paper collected from the city is turned into waste paper pulp at a recycling processing facility, and then made into paper again to be used as recycled recycled paper typified by newsprint.

In recent years, with the diversification of lifestyles, there is an increasing tendency to include contraindicated items such as laminated paper.

Therefore, so-called difficult-to-recycle waste paper, which is evaluated as a contraindication, is mixed in waste paper collected in the market.
Paper mills have been unable to accept refractory waste paper because it causes various quality deterioration in the paper manufacturing process.

For this reason, waste paper collecting companies mainly manually separate difficult-to-process waste paper containing contraindicated substances from waste paper. Waste paper is sorted into waste paper, packed (compressed) for each type of waste paper, and delivered to a paper mill in the form of waste paper bales.
At paper mills, waste paper bales are used as they are or unpacked (cutting the binding wire) and put into pulpers in newsprint factories or corrugated paper factories to produce waste newspaper pulp or waste corrugated board pulp.

However, at the waste paper collection stage, it takes a lot of time and effort to sort and remove contraindicated items, and to separate the first waste paper and the second waste paper mentioned above. linked. Moreover, it is highly necessary to review the work environment.

On the other hand, it is desirable for waste paper collection companies to be able to sell waste paper in a mixed state to paper mills without sorting it after collection. Mixed waste paper cannot be accepted because it causes various quality deterioration in the process.
Of course, it is possible to accept mixed waste paper and incinerate it.

Many technical issues remained in the sorting and separation of contraindicated items, and in the end, we had no choice but to rely on human wave tactics.

As means for sorting waste paper, it is known to use wind force, specific gravity, magnetic force, size of objects, etc. as sorting criteria.
However, although this type of sorting is effective for removing foreign matter, it is not effective for separating and removing difficult-to-recycle waste paper in which the contraindicated substances of contraindicated articles are integrated with the paper.

As prior arts, there are the following prior arts.
Patent document 1 recovers used paper pulp from used paper raw materials including used magazine paper.
The purpose is to recover waste paper pulp from waste magazine paper, which is difficult to convert into waste paper pulp, and it relates to a technique for removing sticky foreign matter from waste magazine paper. Used paper pulp is recovered by using a medium-concentration pulper at an appropriate defibering temperature, classifying fibers with a fractionator, removing foreign matter with a cleaner, and separating foreign matter with a rough screening screen and a fine screening screen. However, this technique has no concept of recovering waste paper pulp from difficult-to-process waste paper containing contraindicated items such as gold-silver laminates, gypsum boards, and release papers.

JP 2018-9263 A

The main problem to be solved by the present invention is to crush a waste paper package containing contraindicated items (for example, a so-called waste paper bale compressed and packed) by a crushing device without relying on human labor, and recover the waste paper from the crushed product. The aim is to make effective use of resources.

The present invention, which has solved the above problems,
Recovered paper pulp containing contraindicated articles is crushed by crushing equipment to obtain crushed substances, and the crushed substances are separated according to the size standard by crushing, and the separated substances are supplied to the waste paper pulp manufacturing process. A method of feeding a manufacturing process, comprising:
The crushing device is
having at least two substantially parallel first and second support shafts rotating about an axis;
A plurality of crushing blades protruding radially outward are provided on each of the support shafts at intervals in the axial direction,
The crushing blade has a hook-shaped portion at least on its outer peripheral portion, and the positions of the hook-shaped portions of the group of crushing blades along the axial direction are different in the axial direction,
The support shaft having the crushing blade is arranged in a casing,
A method for producing a waste paper pulp raw material, characterized by:

The rotation of the support shaft also rotates the crushing blade. Since the crushing blade has a hook-shaped portion at least on the outer peripheral portion, the hook-shaped portion catches the object to be crushed remaining between the other support shaft or the crushing blade, and the subsequent rotation causes the hook-shaped portion to catch the object. A shearing force acts between the crushing blades and the adjacent crushing blades of the opposing support shaft, and the paper is broken. Fragmentation occurs as a result of such ruptures or tears being made or repeated.
On the other hand, from the standpoint of crushing efficiency, it should be avoided that the object to be crushed stays between the two supports or between the crushing blades for a long time. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the positions of the hook-shaped portions of the crushing blade groups along the axial direction are different in the axial direction. Since it differs (changes) with time, the breaking or tearing of the material to be crushed changes (changes) with time in the axial direction, and the material to be crushed does not stay.
On the other hand, the support shaft with the crushing blades is arranged inside the casing, thus preventing the material to be crushed and the crushed material from scattering.
A shredder with the above mechanism of action has been found to be most suitable for shredding waste paper packages.
If crushed properly, the crushed material is directly processed, or the crushed material is sorted by a sorting means, and the sorted material is supplied to a waste paper pulp manufacturing process, for example, supplied to a white waste paper pulp manufacturing process to manufacture newsprint. It can be supplied to a process, or to a colored waste paper pulp manufacturing process and supplied to a corrugated board manufacturing process to produce newsprint or corrugated board.

It is desirable that the direction in which the inside of the hook-shaped portion of the first support shaft faces is opposite to the direction in which the inside of the hook-shaped portion of the second support shaft faces.
Here, there are cases where the rotation directions of the first support shaft and the second support shaft are the same, and there are cases where the rotation directions are opposite. It has been found that if the direction and the direction in which the inner side of the hook-shaped portion of the second support shaft faces are opposite to each other, there is little retention and the crushing efficiency is high.

It is also possible to separate the crushed material on the basis of size and supply the separated material to the waste paper pulp manufacturing process.
A separating device for separating the crushed material on the basis of size to obtain the separated material has a rotating shaft and a number of transporting discs provided along the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft. provided,
The conveying disk has an outer peripheral surface in which the separation distance between each point of the trajectory formed by the outer peripheral surface and the center of the rotation axis changes stepwise from large to small, and then from small to large. can preferably be provided.

For example, the carrier disk may have a triangular to hexagonal overall shape on its outer peripheral surface.

According to the present invention, a waste paper package containing contraindicated items (for example, a so-called waste paper bale compressed and packed) is shredded by a shredding device without relying on human labor, and waste paper is recovered from the shredded material for effective utilization of resources. be able to.

FIG. 10 is a schematic flow diagram of processing of used paper packaged goods. It is a front view of a crushing device. It is a top view of a crushing device. 4 is a perspective view of a crushing blade of the crushing device; FIG. 1 is a plan view of a separation device; FIG. It is a principal part perspective view of a separation apparatus. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the separation device; It is a front view which shows the whole from a separation apparatus to a sorting apparatus. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an example discriminator; FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an example of a discrimination device; FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an example of waste paper pulp manufacturing equipment; FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of another example of waste paper pulp manufacturing equipment. It is an AA cross-sectional view of the crushing device. (a) and (b) are side views of another embodiment of the crushing blade. It is explanatory drawing of the crushing process of a compression packing product as it is. Fig. 10 shows another carrier disk embodiment; Fig. 10 shows another carrier disk embodiment; 4(a) and 4(b) are explanatory diagrams of a phase shift of a carrier disk; FIG. 4 is a wavelength intensity distribution diagram of near-infrared reflected waves of paper. It is a wavelength intensity distribution diagram of a near-infrared reflected wave of PE. It is a wavelength intensity distribution diagram of a near-infrared reflected wave of PP. It is a wavelength intensity distribution diagram of a near-infrared reflected wave of PS. It is a wavelength intensity distribution diagram of a near-infrared reflected wave of PET. It is a wavelength intensity distribution diagram of a near-infrared reflected wave of PVC.

Next, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated. It should be noted that this embodiment is merely an example of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an example of treatment of waste paper packages containing contraindicated items of the present invention. An overview of the processing will be described in advance according to FIG.
A waste paper packed product including contraindicated items and a compressed packed product 1, generally called a so-called waste paper bale, is conveyed to an input conveyor 3 by, for example, a forklift 2, and from the input conveyor 3 via a hopper 4. It is put into the crushing device 10 by the conveyer 5 .
Since the compressed packed product 1 is bound with, for example, a wire, the binding tool such as the wire 6 can be removed at an appropriate time before reaching the crushing device 10 or inside the crushing device 10 . In the crushing device 10 of the embodiment described later, crushing can be performed while breaking the wire 6 .

(compressed packing product)
The compressed packing product 1 is formed by compressing and solidifying a predetermined amount of used paper containing contraindicated items with a baler (compression packing machine) at a pressure of about 120 to 150 kg/cm ³ and packing it with wire 6 or the like. The weight is about 1000 to 1500 kg, and the volume is about 1 to 2 m high x 1 to 2 m wide x 1 to 2 m long.

(Crusher)
A crushing device 10 according to this embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. FIG. The crushing device 10 crushes (crushes) the compressed packed product 1 and separates and breaks the bundle of paper. The inside of the casing main body 101 of the crushing device 10 is a crushing section 103 , and the upper portion of the casing main body 101 is provided with a hopper 102 . The lower portion of the casing body 101 is open.

Support shafts 10A, 10A having a plurality of crushing blades 10B are arranged in the crushing section 103 from one inner wall of the crushing section 103 (the inner wall of the casing main body 101) to the opposite inner wall. The orientation of the support shaft 10A may be the conveying direction of the conveyer 11 provided in the subsequent process, or may be the width direction.
In the embodiment, two support shafts are provided, and the first support shaft 10A and the second support shaft 10A are separated from each other, for example, in the horizontal direction. However, the number of support shafts may be three or more.

Each of the first support shaft 10A and the second support shaft 10A is independently rotatable about its axis. The rotational speed of the support shaft 10A can be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, the rotation speed of the support shaft 10A is adjusted in accordance with the production amount of waste paper pulp to be finally produced per unit time, and the amount of the compression packed product 1 fed into the shredding device 10 per hour is adjusted. can be done.
If the number of support shafts is two, the size of the crushing device will not be increased more than necessary, and the installation space will not be taken up. Also, the size of the crushing device becomes compact.
Further, the rotation direction of each support shaft 10A can be independently selected. Under the support shaft 10A, a plurality of support members 104 are arranged in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the support shaft 10A and spaced apart from the support shaft 10A.
If the direction of rotation of the support shaft 10A can be independently selected, that is, by rotating the first support shaft 10A and the second support shaft 10A in the same direction or rotating in the opposite direction, the compression packed product 1 can be obtained. Alternatively, it is possible to prevent the crushed material from clogging. Moreover, since the supporting member 104 is provided, the papers in the process of shredding tend to remain on the supporting member 104 until they are shredded to an appropriate size. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the papers that are not shredded into appropriate sizes from dropping onto the conveyer 11 as lumps.

The support member 104 may be provided between the crushing blades 10B, 10B spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 10A. The separation distance between 10B and the support member is short and long, but it appears alternately in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 10A, which is desirable because various crushing operations can be performed.

(Crushing blade)
As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of crushing blades 10B are provided perpendicular to the support shaft 10A, and the crushing blades 10B are spaced apart in the direction of the support shaft 10A. A hook portion 10C is formed on the crushing blade 10B so as to protrude outward from the crushing blade 10B.
The number of hook-shaped portions (hook portions) 10C of the crushing blade 10B may be arbitrary, and is six in the example of FIG. 13 and two in the example of FIG. As shown in the example of FIG. 14, a total of two hook-shaped portions (hook portions) 10C may be provided one by one at separate positions on the circumference of the crushing blade 10B (FIG. 14(a)). The two hook-shaped portions (hook portions) 10C may be provided so as to face outward, like a so-called anchor type (FIG. 14(b)). Furthermore, all the hook-shaped portions (hook portions) 10C of the crushing blades 10B are oriented in the same direction. may have.

The projection length h along the radial direction from the center 10Q of the hook portion 10C of the crushing blade 10B can be appropriately selected in relation to the crushing characteristics. is preferably 15 cm to 80 cm, particularly preferably 25 cm to 60 cm.

In addition, the direction of the hook-shaped portion (hook portion) 10C (with respect to the line connecting the tip of the hook-shaped portion (hook portion) 10C and the axial center of the support shaft 10A), the recessed inner surface (inner line) is rotated. The moving direction may be the FR direction or the BA direction shown in FIG.
In the illustrated example, the crushing blades (10B1, 10B2, 10B3, 10B4) are in the FR direction, and the crushing blades (10B5, 10B6, 10B7) are in the BA direction. The crushing blades (10B2', 10B3', 10B4') are oriented in the BA direction, and the crushing blades (10B5', 10B6') are oriented in the FR direction. With this arrangement, the hook-like portion 10C contacts the compression-packaged product 1 regardless of which side the support shaft 10A is rotated, so that crushing is smoothly performed. Here, the FR direction is the clockwise direction when viewing the support shaft 10A from the left side to the right side in the figure, and the BA direction is the counterclockwise direction.

The positions of the hook-shaped portions 10C of the groups of crushing blades 10B, 10B, . In other words, when the support shaft 10A is rotated, the adjacent crushing blades 10B, 10B, . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, regarding the line of sight in the axial direction of the support shaft 10A (as viewed by arrows AA in FIG. 4), the relationship between the adjacent crushing blades 10B1 and 10B2 is different. The angle formed by the crushing blade 10B1, the center 10Q and the crushing blade 10B2 can be formed to be a predetermined angle α. Although this angle α is not particularly limited, it can be appropriately selected within, for example, 10 degrees to 80 degrees.

As another embodiment, three or more support shafts 10A can be arranged in parallel. Even in that case, when the crushing blades 10B of the adjacent support shafts 10A are brought closest to each other, the adjacent support shafts 10A are arranged in parallel so that the distance between the crushing blades 10B that are closest to each other is separated. do.

Compressed packed products 1 are conveyed by a conveyer 5 and thrown into a crushing device 10 . The compressed packed product 1 guided to the crushing unit 103 is gradually crushed while rolling in the x-direction and the y-direction (see FIG. 3), receiving force from the rotation of the crushing blades 10B having different phases. Then, the paper stack is separated, crushed, and broken.

The size of papers after shredding is not uniform, and large-sized papers and small-sized papers are mixed. Specifically, for example, at least 50% of the crushed material is preferably crushed to a maximum width of 500 mm and a maximum area of 25 to 10000 cm ² . If the size of the shredded paper is too small, the strength of the waste paper pulp finally produced will be low, which will lead to deterioration in quality.
Paper crushed into appropriate sizes falls from the open lower part of the crusher 10 onto the conveyer 11. - 特許庁

(separation device)
The papers (crushed material) crushed and finely divided by the crushing device 10 are preferably supplied by the transport conveyor 11 to the discrimination means or not supplied to the waste paper pulp manufacturing process, but preferably the crushed material. Separating on size basis to obtain a separated segregate and feeding this segregate to a discrimination means or to a waste paper pulp manufacturing process.

As this separation device,
A large number of conveying shafts having a large number of conveying discs 20B provided along the longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft 20A are provided in parallel with each other in the conveying direction,
The carrier disk 20B has an outer peripheral surface in which the distance between each point on the trajectory formed by the outer peripheral surface and the axis of the rotation 20A changes stepwise from large to small, and then from small to large. is preferred.

Specifically, the carrier disk may have a form in which the overall shape of its outer peripheral surface has a triangular to hexagonal shape.
Taking the substantially triangular shape with bulges in FIGS. 5 and 6 as an example, on one outer peripheral surface, the distance between each point of the trajectory formed by the outer peripheral surface and the axis of rotation 10A is gradually increased. , changes from large to small from the corner to the center, then changes from small to large to the other corner.

The separation device 20 in the embodiment sorts the papers conveyed by the conveyer 11 . The conveyed papers are sorted into heavy weights PW, undersizes PU, and oversizes PO. For example, heavy objects PW include pieces of metal fittings, plastics, and the like. Undersize PU includes soft paper and shredded paper. The oversize PO includes paper with a relatively large area and hard paper. The separator 20 is installed in an inclined state with the downstream side facing upward.

As shown in FIG. 5, the separation device 20 has a large number of rotating shafts 20A in the flow direction (x direction). Each of the many rotating shafts 20A extends while being spaced apart in the orthogonal y-direction.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each rotary shaft 20A is provided with a large number of carrier disks at predetermined intervals to constitute a carrier shaft. The carrier disc is formed with protrusions from one surface.
In the illustrated embodiment, the protruding portion has a shape in which the small transport disc 20B protrudes from the surface of the large transport disc 20C, and is integrated (transport discs (20B, 20C)). It is preferable that the small disks 20B share the axis of the rotating shaft 20A, but the present invention is not limited to this.
For example, the first transport shaft 20A1 and the second transport shaft 20A2 can be arranged side by side in the x direction. The conveying discs (20B, 20C) provided on the first rotating shaft 20A are formed so that the small conveying disc 20B faces to the left side and the large conveying disc 20C faces to the right side. The transport discs (20B, 20C) provided on the right side are formed so that the small transport disc 20B faces the right side and the large transport disc 20C faces the left side. The small disk 20B and the large transfer disk 20C are arranged to face each other.
In this embodiment, the opening 20D (see FIG. 7) is a region sandwiched between the first rotating shaft 20A, the second rotating shaft 20A, and the four mutually adjacent carrier discs (20B, 20C). .

As an example is shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the small transfer disk 20B and the large transfer disk 20C can have substantially polygonal outer shapes. For example, polygons such as triangles, quadrilaterals, and pentagons can be used, and it is more preferable to bulge each side of these polygons. By providing the bulge, it is possible to prevent excessively rapid movement when the adjacent rotary shafts are rotated.

The shape of each of the large transfer disk 20C and the small transfer disk 20B can be a triangular shape having a bulge. Alternatively, the large transfer disk 20C may be square, and the small transfer disk 20B may be triangular. However, it goes without saying that the carrier discs (20B, 20C) adjacent in the x-direction are spaced apart so as not to come into contact with each other when they are rotated.

As another embodiment of the carrier disc, the carrier disc may have a polygonal shape that is not entirely convex, such as a triangle or a square (see FIG. 16).

(input and sorting)
When the separation device 20 is operated, the multiple rotating shafts 20A continue to rotate in the directions of the curved arrows shown in FIG. The rotation speed can be variably adjusted. When the paper conveyed by the conveyer 11 is guided to the upstream side of the separating device 20, the paper (conveying material) jumps upward due to the shape and rotational force of the conveying discs (20B, 20C), and bounces downstream. move side by side. For example, in the examples shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, when the substantially triangular conveying disk rotates, the separation distance between the outer peripheral surface and the rotation axis changes. Preferably, the conveying conveyor 11 is lifted up to an inclination of 10 degrees to 30 degrees, or is sent while being made to do so.

(Heavy PW)
The separation device 20 is installed in an inclined state with the downstream side facing upward. Since the heavy object PW does not jump up or is weak in jumping, it rolls downward from the upstream of the separation device 20 and is collected downward from the downstream end. This heavy object PW is discharged to a scrap yard using a forklift 2, for example.

(Undersize PU)
Among the materials to be conveyed from which the heavy objects PW have been removed, relatively soft paper, shredded paper, and the like (undersize PU) fall from the opening 20D during the conveying process. The undersized PU is collected and used as fuel, for example.

(Oversize)
Further, the conveyed material from which the undersized PU has been removed is sequentially moved to the downstream end of the separation device 20 . This conveyed material (oversize PO) that has fallen from the downstream end mainly consists of paper with a relatively large area or hard paper, and is guided to the following discrimination process.
The fraction of the oversized PO can be selected as appropriate, and can be based on, for example, a 25 cm ² fraction.

In the process of producing white waste paper and colored waste paper from waste paper packages containing contraindicated items, it is necessary to separate raw materials for white waste paper or colored waste paper from other materials. Even if contraindicated items have been removed from the waste paper packaging, scrap, soft paper, shredded paper, etc. (for example, waste paper of several centimeters square) that are not worth sorting are still mixed in with the crushed paper. do. These undersized PUs hinder the process of manufacturing excellent white waste paper and colored waste paper.

Conventionally, undersized PU was manually removed, but it was low in terms of cost effectiveness. By using the separation device 20 according to the present embodiment, not only the heavy object PW but also the undersized PU can be eliminated. Then, the undersized PU included in the oversized PO can be reduced as much as possible. Therefore, high-quality white waste paper and colored waste paper raw materials can be used in the next process, the discrimination process, leading to improved quality of manufactured products.

In addition, some papers crushed into appropriate sizes by the crushing device 10 may contain some lumps or a plurality of papers in an integrated state. Even papers in such a state are bounced or bounced by the separation device 20, so that the clumps of the papers are loosened and the stuck papers are dispersed. Then, the heavy goods PW, the undersize PU, and the oversize PO are separated.

The oversized product PO is input to the input feeder 30 via the transport conveyor 12, for example. The input feeder 30 may constitute the dispersing means or be part of the dispersing means.
An example of the input feeder 30 is a vibratory feeder with a downward slope on the downstream side. In the input feeder 30, in the process of dropping to the downstream side, the oversized products PO are dispersed in the width direction, and the overlapping of the oversized products PO is released to achieve dispersion (individualization).
It should be noted that a configuration in which the transport conveyor 12 and input feeder 30 are not provided is also possible. In this case, the oversized products PO separated by the separating device 20 are directly fed to the discriminating (separating) device 40 .

(discrimination means)
The oversized products PO dispersed by the input feeder 30 are input to the discriminating (sorting) device 40 .
The discriminating (sorting) device 40 preferably has, for example, a conveyor 41 , colorimetric means for measuring colors using a colorimetric camera 42 , and material measuring means for measuring materials with a hyperspectral camera 43 .
Further, a first discriminating means 44 for judging whether or not the whiteness of the colorimetry value obtained by the colorimetry means is high for each conveyed object, and for each conveyed object, based on the absorbance spectrum measured by the material measuring means. and a second discrimination means 45 for determining whether the cellulosic component predominates.
The colorimetric camera 42 and the hyperspectral camera 43 may be arranged side by side in the width direction of the conveyor 41 or may be arranged side by side in the flow direction of the conveyor 41. It is preferable to arrange them side by side in the width direction of the conveyer 41 from the effect of improving the accuracy of the coordinated operation.

By the discrimination by the first discriminating means 44 and the second discriminating means 45, when the whiteness of the colorimetric value is high and the cellulose component is dominant, it is white waste paper. If the whiteness of the value is low and the cellulose component is dominant, it can be discriminated as colored waste paper and sorted based on the discrimination signal.

In the sorting process, if the cellulose component is not dominant, it can be treated as a non-used paper product.
The Waste Paper Recycling Promotion Center defines "contraindicated items" as "foreign substances that cannot be used as raw materials for paper manufacturing."
Examples of such papers include envelopes with adhesive, carbon-backed paper, carbonless paper (copy slips for courier services, etc.), waterproof paper (paper cups, paper plates, paper cup noodle containers, paper yogurt containers, oiled paper, wax paper, etc.), adhesive postcards (confidential postcards), thermal paper (fax paper, receipts, etc.), photographic paper photos, inkjet photo printing paper, photosensitive paper (blueprint copy paper), plastic films and aluminum Composite paper with foil, etc., paper stamped with metals such as gold and silver, paper with scents (individual wrapping paper for soap, paper detergent containers, paper boxes for incense sticks, etc.), printed paper ( There are sublimation transfer paper, paper used mainly for heating and printing patterns on fabric, and heat-sensitive foamed paper (mainly used for braille, paper that rises when heated).
Items "other than paper" include adhesive tapes, patches, metal fittings for files, metal clips, films, cellophane, and expanded polystyrene.
As shown in this example of contraindicated items, items "other than paper" are contraindicated items and cannot be classified as waste paper, so they must be excluded from the waste paper processing system.
On the other hand, even among "papers", for example, plastic films, aluminum foils, and the like, which have a high degree of adhesion, can be excluded from the waste paper processing system.

For example, in order to separate laminated paper, etc., material measurement is required. Therefore, the material (material) is measured by the hyperspectral camera 43 .
The hyperspectral camera 43 can divide a wide wavelength range from visible light to short-wave infrared (SWIR) into finer wavelength ranges and obtain light intensity (wavelength spectrum) in each wavelength range. For example, near-infrared (around 750 to 1700 nm) region can also be photographed. Reference numeral 46 is a light source having wavelengths from visible light to near-infrared region.
Molecules that make up matter move in various ways, and when light is applied to molecules in motion, only light with specific wavelengths is absorbed according to the state of motion. The wavelengths in the infrared region that are absorbed are determined by the interatomic distance and vibration direction of molecules, and have a characteristic wavelength distribution that accurately represents the type of molecule. By examining the distribution of reflected and absorbed wavelengths (absorption spectrum), it is possible to know what kind of molecules the object to be measured contains. Materials can be measured according to this principle.

19 to 24 show examples of absorption spectrum distribution. Cellulose and plastics have distinctly different absorption spectrum wavelength distributions, so that it is easy to distinguish contraindicated items from waste paper for newspaper waste paper pulp, for example.
Incidentally, when the cellulose component is dominant, that is, when there is a high probability that the paper is waste paper for used newspaper pulp, the intensity waveform of the reflected wave of near-far infrared rays clearly appears as a waveform having deep valleys in the range of 1440 to 1490 nm.
On the other hand, in other plastics, wavy troughs appear at around 1670 nm and 1730 nm, and the troughs show peculiar to the material. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish materials between plastics.

On the other hand, the colors are measured by colorimetric means using the colorimetric camera 42 . A general CCD camera can be used as the colorimetric camera. An image is obtained by splitting the visible light region into red, green, and blue with a color filter or the like and acquiring each of them.
In this case, it is determined based on whether or not the whiteness of the colorimetric value obtained by the colorimetric means is high.
If the degree of whiteness is high, it is determined to be white waste paper and is classified as used for newspaper pulp. If the whiteness is not high, it is classified as colored waste paper and cannot be used for waste newspaper pulp. can.

A CCD camera scans a predetermined area range of an imaging range in the width direction of the transport direction to obtain colorimetric information. When judging whether the whiteness of the colorimetric value is high, it is desirable to judge in the HSV color space. This is because judgment in the HSV color space has a high correspondence with human visual perception.
It should be noted that the present invention does not exclude the use of other RGB color spaces and the like.

表１の設定範囲の下で、各色要素が表２の範囲（最小値と最大値との間の範囲）内である条件がアンドで成立する場合に、「白色」であると判断し、それ以外のものは、「有色」と判断することができる。
さらに具体的には、搬送物全体のピクセルのうち、白のピクセル数の方が多い、例えば５０％超である場合には、対象物が白いと判定し、それ以外の場合を有色と判定することができる。この例では５０％を分岐基準としたが、他の割合での基準設定も可能である。 The HSV color space can have a setting range as shown in Table 1 below. This setting range can be changed. The reason for the setting range is that white has no hue bias, so H specifies the entire area, there is no color (again), so S specifies a small value (0 to 20), and it is bright, so V is large. A value is specified.

Under the setting range of Table 1, if the condition that each color element is within the range of Table 2 (the range between the minimum value and the maximum value) is satisfied by AND, it is judged to be "white". Anything other than that can be judged to be "colored".
More specifically, when the number of white pixels out of the pixels of the entire conveyed object is larger, for example, more than 50%, the object is determined to be white, and otherwise it is determined to be colored. be able to. Although 50% is used as the branching criterion in this example, it is also possible to set the criterion at other percentages.

The sorting device 50 is actuated in the process of dropping from the conveyer 41 , for example, the conveyed objects discriminated (separated) by the discriminating (separating) device 40 in relation to the conveying speed of the conveyer 41 .
Although sorting can be done manually, it is preferred to use automated means.
In the embodiment, sorting is performed by blowing air from an air compressor (not shown).

That is, when the white waste paper reaches the downstream end of the transport conveyor 41, the first air nozzle 51 is operated to collect it in the first collection container 53, and when the colored waste paper reaches the downstream end of the transport conveyor 41, , actuates the second air nozzle 52 to collect in the second collection container 54 . Paper that is neither white nor colored waste paper can be dropped from the downstream end of the conveyer 41 and collected in the third collection container 55 without operating the air nozzle, for example.

Here, when the width of the conveyer 41 is wide, a plurality of articles are conveyed in the width direction, so a plurality of air nozzles can be arranged in the width direction.
In addition to dividing the collection direction into the transport direction as in the illustrated example, sorting and collection can be performed by blowing air outward in the width direction at the downstream portion of the transport conveyor 41 . Also, the blowing off with air may be performed on the conveyer 41 .

The white waste paper can be used as a material for waste newspaper pulp and the like, and the colored waste paper can be used as a material for waste cardboard pulp and the like. FIG. 1 shows a form in which white waste paper 7 and colored waste paper 8 are packed with a baler 9 and used later.

The white waste paper collected as described above can be used as a material for used newspaper pulp (NDIP) or used as a material for used magazine pulp (MDIP), and can be recycled as newsprint, recycled PPC paper, and the like. For colored waste paper, it can be a material for corrugated waste paper pulp (WP).
Magazine waste pulp (MDIP) can be produced in the same pulp manufacturing facility (flow) as newsprint waste pulp (NDIP). When producing various waste paper pulps, existing or known pulp production equipment can be used, but the following embodiments are most suitable for production.

FIG. 11 shows an example of producing corrugated waste paper pulp (WP) from collected colored waste paper.
This embodiment is as follows.
(1) Dry crushing process for collected colored waste paper (2) Defragmenting process using a high-concentration pulper (3) Rough sorting process including slashing process using a refuller-type screen (4) Pre-stage cleaner, whole screen, slit screen, post-stage Second rough screening process in the order of cleaner (5) Dehydration process (6) Whole screen reject in the cleaning process consists of disaggregation and dispersion consisting of a rotor and a round-hole cylindrical basket, and a screening reject collection process of a slit screen and/or a drum screen. have.

To explain a specific example, the recovered colored waste paper (bale) 7 is crushed dry by a crusher 61 as needed.
For example, the crushed material cut to a width of 35 mm is disintegrated by a high-concentration pulper 62, preferably by a continuous high-concentration pulper, more preferably while obtaining steam.
The heavy foreign matter is separated by the separator 78 and temporarily stored in the tank 63 . Subsequently, foreign matters are separated by a classifier 64 consisting of a flash sorter (refractor type screen) for carrying out the first rough sorting process, and stored in a tank 65 . After that, it is sent to the tank 67 .
Subsequently, heavy foreign matters are removed by the pre-stage cleaner 68 and sent to the hole screen 69 to separate large garbage such as laminates and gold/silver laminates and stored in the tank 72 .
After that, fine foreign matters are removed by a slit screen 73 and stored in a tank 74 .
Subsequently, fine foreign substances are removed by a post-stage cleaner 75, dewatered by a filter 76, for example, a drum-type pulpless filter, and temporarily stored in a tank 77 as waste paper pulp.
On the other hand, the reject portion of the hole screen 69 in the first rough sorting step is supplied to a disaggregating and dispersing machine (combisorter) 71 having both disaggregation and separation functions, which consists of a rotor and a round-hole cylindrical basket, and is subjected to gold and silver lamination. Collect the fibers inside.

FIG. 12 shows an example of manufacturing waste newspaper pulp (NDIP) from collected white waste paper.
The white waste paper 7 is defiberized by a pulper 80, roughly selected by a turbo separator 81, a high-concentration cleaner 82 and a coarse selection screen 83, deinked by a prefloater 84, and then deinked by a cleaner 85 and a screen 86. It is carefully selected and dehydrated by the dehydrator 87 . After that, foreign matter is dispersed by a hot disperser 88, bleached by a hydrogen peroxide tower 89, deinked by a post-floatator 90, dewatered by a dehydrator 91, and is dewatered by a high-concentration pump 92 by a high-concentration tower 93. to a paper machine (not shown).
In addition, as a manufacturing method for producing waste newspaper pulp (NDIP) from collected white waste paper, in addition to the production example of corrugated board waste paper pulp, a deinking treatment process such as a flotation process (floatator) is combined to produce waste newspaper paper. Pulp can be produced.

The definition of contraindicated goods changes with the times. The sorting criteria can be changed accordingly. In carrying out the method for processing waste paper packages containing contraindicated items of the present invention, the use of the above-described apparatus is not limited, and part of the steps can be performed semi-automatically using a combination of human power and equipment. The used paper packing product is not limited to the compressed packing product. Furthermore, the use destination and disposal destination of the collected used paper can be appropriately selected, and are not limited to the above examples.

Various waste papers can be collected and used for effective utilization of resources and environmental conservation.

1 Compressed packed product 7 White waste paper 8 Colored waste paper 10 Crushing device 10A Support shaft 10B Crushing blade 10C Hook-shaped part 20 Separating device 20A Rotating shaft 20B Small conveying disc 20C Large conveying disc 20D Opening 20A First rotating shaft 20A 2 rotary shaft 30 input feeder 40 discrimination (sorting) device 50 sorting device 102 hopper 103 crushing unit 104 support member

Claims (3)

A method of crushing a waste paper packed product containing contraindicated items with a crushing device to obtain crushed substances, and supplying the crushed crushed substances to a waste paper pulp manufacturing process,
The crushing device is
having at least two substantially parallel first and second support shafts rotating about an axis;
A plurality of crushing blades protruding radially outward are provided on each of the support shafts at intervals in the axial direction,
The crushing blade has a hook-shaped portion at least on its outer peripheral portion, and the positions of the hook-shaped portions of the group of crushing blades along the axial direction are different in the axial direction,
The support shaft having the crushing blade is arranged in the casing,
Separating the crushed material on the basis of size, and supplying the separated material to the waste paper pulp manufacturing process.
A method for producing a waste paper pulp raw material, characterized by: 2. The waste paper pulp raw material according to claim 1, wherein the direction in which the inside of the hook-shaped portion of the first support shaft faces is different from the direction in which the inside of the hook-shaped portion of the second support shaft faces. manufacturing method. In the crushing device, the group of crushing blades provided on the first support shaft has hook-shaped tip ends thereof in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the first support shaft, and crushing blades in the opposite direction. having a crushing blade,
The group of crushing blades provided on the second support shaft has a crushing blade whose hook-shaped tip is oriented in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the second support shaft and a crushing blade whose direction is opposite to the direction of rotation of the second support shaft. ,
The method for producing a waste paper pulp raw material according to claim 1.

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