JP7203389B2 - Soil reforming material, soil reforming method, reformed soil, and soil reforming method - Google Patents
Soil reforming material, soil reforming method, reformed soil, and soil reforming method Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Description
本発明は、土壌改質材、土壌改質方法、改質土壌、及び、土壌改質処理工法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil reforming material, a soil reforming method, a soil reforming method, and a soil reforming treatment method.
近年、環境負荷を低減する観点、最終処分場の許容量の観点等から、建設工事、土木工事の現場等で発生する土壌を、最終処分場で埋め立てることなく、再利用することが望まれている。しかし、発生する土壌の性状によっては、そのままの状態で再利用することができない場合がある。
このような場合、土壌と土壌改質材とを混合して改質土壌を形成し、該改質土壌を種々用途で利用する検討が行われている（特許文献１参照）。
土壌改質材としては、セメント系材料、生石灰、半水石膏、又は、これらを組み合わせたもの等が利用されている。
In recent years, from the perspective of reducing the environmental impact and the capacity of final disposal sites, it has become desirable to reuse soil generated at construction sites, civil engineering sites, etc. without landfilling at final disposal sites. there is However, depending on the properties of the generated soil, it may not be possible to reuse it as it is.
In such a case, studies have been conducted on mixing soil with a soil modifier to form modified soil and using the modified soil for various purposes (see Patent Document 1).
Cement-based materials, quicklime, hemihydrate gypsum, or combinations of these are used as soil modifiers.
しかしながら、上記のような土壌改質材を用いて形成された改質土壌は、運搬や転圧によって練り返されると、発現する強度が、練り返されなかった場合よりも低下することが知られている。 However, it is known that when the modified soil formed using the above-described soil modifier is kneaded by transportation or rolling, the strength developed is lower than when it is not kneaded. ing.
そこで、本発明は、材齢が経過した後で練り返されても、発現する強度が低下するのを抑制することができる土壌改質材、土壌改質方法、改質土壌、又は、土壌改質処理工法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a soil reforming material, a soil reforming method, a soil reforming material, or a soil reforming material capable of suppressing a decrease in the developed strength even when kneaded after the age of the material has passed. The object is to provide a quality processing method.
本発明に係る土壌改質材は、土壌と混合されて改質土壌を形成する土壌改質材であって、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを含んでおり、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上、含む。 The soil improving material according to the present invention is a soil improving material that is mixed with soil to form improved soil, and contains gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent, and gypsum dihydrate 100 5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less of alumina cement and 1.2 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent are included with respect to parts by mass.
斯かる構成によれば、改質土壌を形成して材齢が経過した後で、改質土壌を練り返しても、改質土壌が発現する強度が低下するのを抑制することができる。 According to such a configuration, even if the modified soil is kneaded after the material age has passed since the modified soil was formed, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the strength of the modified soil.
本発明に係る土壌改質材は、吸水剤を２．１質量部以上、含むことが好ましい。 The soil improvement material according to the present invention preferably contains 2.1 parts by mass or more of the water absorbing agent.
斯かる構成によれば、改質土壌を形成して材齢が経過した後で、改質土壌を練り返しても、発現する強度が比較的高い改質土壌を形成することができる。 According to such a configuration, even if the modified soil is kneaded after the material age has passed since the modified soil was formed, the modified soil having a relatively high developed strength can be formed.
吸水剤は、アニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、カチオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、及び、ノニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、ことが好ましい。 The water absorbing agent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of an anionic polyacrylamide polymer material, a cationic polyacrylamide polymer material, and a nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material.
斯かる構成によれば、改質土壌を形成して材齢が経過した後で、改質土壌を練り返しても、改質土壌が発現する強度が低下するのをより効果的に抑制することができる。 According to such a configuration, even if the modified soil is kneaded after the material age has passed after forming the modified soil, it is possible to more effectively suppress the decrease in the strength of the modified soil. can be done.
本発明に係る土壌改質方法は、土壌と、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを混合して改質土壌を形成する土壌改質方法であって、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上で混合し、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤との合計量１００質量部に対し、土壌を１４００質量部以上２００００質量部以下で混合する。 The soil modification method according to the present invention is a soil modification method in which soil, gypsum, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent are mixed to form modified soil, and 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate On the other hand, 5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less of alumina cement and 1.2 parts by mass or more of water absorbing agent are mixed, and the total amount of gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and water absorbing agent is 100 parts by mass. On the other hand, 1400 parts by mass or more and 20000 parts by mass or less of soil is mixed.
本発明に係る改質土壌は、土壌と、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを含む改質土壌であって、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上、含んでおり、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤との合計量１００質量部に対し、土壌を１４００質量部以上２００００質量部以下、含む。 The modified soil according to the present invention is a modified soil containing soil, gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent, wherein 5.3 parts by mass of alumina cement is added to 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate. 42.9 parts by mass or less, 1.2 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent, and 1400 parts by mass or more of soil per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and water absorbing agent Including parts by mass and below.
本発明に係る土壌改質処理工法は、上記の改質土壌を地盤中で硬化させて硬化体を形成することで地盤の改質を行う。 The soil modification method according to the present invention hardens the modified soil in the ground to form a hardened body, thereby modifying the ground.
本発明によれば、材齢が経過した改質土壌が練り返されても、該改質土壌の発現する強度が低下するのを抑制することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if the modified soil which material age passed is kneaded, it can suppress that the strength which this modified soil expresses falls.
以下、本発明の実施形態について、説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
本実施形態に係る土壌改質材は、土壌と混合されて改質土壌を形成するものである。また、土壌改質材は、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを含む。 The soil modifier according to the present embodiment is mixed with soil to form modified soil. Moreover, the soil improvement material contains gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent.
二水石膏としては、天然のもの、化学合成されたもの、他の物質の副生成物として得られるもの等であってもよく、二水石膏を含む廃棄物を粉砕し、且つ、熱処理していないもの（所謂、再生二水石膏）等であってもよい。
また、二水石膏としては、ブレーン比表面積が５００ｃｍ２／ｇ以上６０００ｃｍ２／ｇ以下、好ましくは１０００ｃｍ２／ｇ以上３０００ｃｍ２／ｇ以下であるものを用いることができる。
また、土壌改質材全体の質量に対する二水石膏の質量の割合としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、６９．３質量％以上９４．１質量％以下であってもよく、３５．０質量％以上４７．５質量％以下であってもよい。
Gypsum dihydrate may be natural, chemically synthesized, or obtained as a by-product of other substances. Waste containing gypsum dihydrate is pulverized and heat treated. It may be one without (so-called recycled gypsum dihydrate) or the like.
Gypsum dihydrate having a Blaine specific surface area of 500 cm 2 /g or more and 6000 cm 2 /g or less, preferably 1000 cm 2 /g or more and 3000 cm 2 /g or less can be used.
In addition, the ratio of the mass of gypsum dihydrate to the mass of the entire soil improvement material is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 69.3% by mass or more and 94.1% by mass or less. It may be 0% by mass or more and 47.5% by mass or less.
アルミナセメントは、主要成分としてＣａＯ・Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ・２Ａｌ２Ｏ３、１２ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ２Ｏ３などのアルミン酸カルシウムを含む。また、アルミナセメントは、Ａｌ２Ｏ３を含む鉱物として、Ｃ３Ａ，Ｃ１２Ａ７，ＣＡ，ＣＡ２，Ｃ４ＡＦ等を含む。先述の「Ａ」はＡｌ２Ｏ３を表し、「Ｃ」はＣａＯを表し、「Ｆ」はＦｅ２Ｏ３を表す。
また、アルミナセメントとしては、ブレーン比表面積が２０００ｃｍ２／ｇ以上６０００ｃｍ２／ｇ以下であるものを用いることができる。具体的には、アルミナセメントとしては、ＪＩＳ Ｒ ２５２１－１９９５に規定された「耐火物用アルミナセメントの物理試験方法」に記載されたものを用いることができる。
また、アルミナセメントの含有量は、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下あり、好ましくは１１．１質量部以上１７．６質量部以下である。
また、土壌改質材全体の質量に対するアルミナセメントの質量の割合としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、５．０質量％以上２９．７質量％以下であってもよく、２．５質量％以上１５．０質量％以下であってもよい。
Alumina cement contains calcium aluminate such as CaO.Al 2 O 3 , CaO.2Al 2 O 3 , 12CaO.7Al 2 O 3 as a main component. Moreover, the alumina cement contains C3A , C12A7 , CA , CA2 , C4AF , etc. as minerals containing Al2O3 . The aforementioned "A" represents Al2O3 , " C " represents CaO , and "F" represents Fe2O3 .
As the alumina cement, one having a Blaine specific surface area of 2000 cm 2 /g or more and 6000 cm 2 /g or less can be used. Specifically, as the alumina cement, those described in "Physical Test Method for Alumina Cement for Refractories" specified in JIS R 2521-1995 can be used.
The content of alumina cement is 5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less, preferably 11.1 parts by mass or more and 17.6 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate.
In addition, the ratio of the mass of alumina cement to the mass of the entire soil improvement material is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 5.0% by mass or more and 29.7% by mass or less. % or more and 15.0% or less by mass may be sufficient.
吸水剤としては、水との接触によって水を取り込み、比較的粘度の高い液体を形成する有機高分子材料を用いることができる。具体的には、吸水剤は、水と混合した際の全量（混合液の全量）に対して０．２５質量％の濃度となるように水と混合した際に、該混合液の粘度が３００ｍＰａ・ｓ以上となるものを用いることができる。
混合液の粘度は、下記の実施例に記載の方法で測定することができる。
また、吸水剤としては、アニオン型、カチオン型、又は、ノニオン型の有機高分子材料を用いることができる。具体的には、吸水剤としては、上記何れかの型のポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、ポリアクリル酸エステル系高分子材料、ポリアクリル酸塩系高分子材料、ポリメタクリル酸エステル系高分子材料、ポリメタクリル酸塩系高分子材料、ポリアミジン塩酸塩系高分子材料、ポリビニルアルコール系高分子材料、ポリオキシエチレン系高分子材料、アクリルアミド－メタクリル酸エステル共重合体材料、及び、アクリルアミド－アクリル酸塩共重合体系高分子材料等からなる群から選択される少なくとも１つが挙げられる。好ましくは、吸水剤としては、解離基として、カルボキシル基（―ＣＯＯ－）又はスルホ基（―ＳＯ３
－）を有するアニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、解離基として、アンモニウム基（―ＮＨ３
＋）又はトリメチルアンモニウム基（―Ｎ＋（ＣＨ３）３）を有するカチオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、及び、ノニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを用いることができる。
また、吸水剤の重量平均分子量としては、３００万以上２０００万以下のものを用いることができる。吸水剤としてアニオン型、又は、ノニオン型の有機高分子材料を用いる場合、該吸水剤の重量平均分子量としては、１５００万以上２０００万以下であってもよい。また、吸水剤としてカチオン型の有機高分子材料を用いる場合、該吸水剤の重量平均分子量としては、３００万以上１０００万以下であってもよい。重量平均分子量が上記の範囲であることで、材齢が経過した改質土壌が練り返されても、該改質土壌の発現する強度が低下するのをより効果的に抑制することができる。
また、吸水剤の含有量は、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、１．２質量部以上であり、好ましくは２．１質量部以上であり、より好ましくは３．３質量部以上５．９質量部以下である。
As the water-absorbing agent, an organic polymeric material that takes up water upon contact with water and forms a liquid with a relatively high viscosity can be used. Specifically, when the water absorbing agent is mixed with water so as to have a concentration of 0.25% by mass with respect to the total amount (the total amount of the mixed liquid) when mixed with water, the viscosity of the mixed liquid is 300 mPa.・Those having a value of s or more can be used.
The viscosity of the mixed liquid can be measured by the method described in Examples below.
As the water absorbing agent, an anionic, cationic, or nonionic organic polymer material can be used. Specifically, as the water absorbing agent, any of the above types of polyacrylamide-based polymer material, polyacrylic acid ester-based polymer material, polyacrylate-based polymer material, polymethacrylate-based polymer material, Polymethacrylate-based polymeric materials, polyamidine hydrochloride-based polymeric materials, polyvinyl alcohol-based polymeric materials, polyoxyethylene-based polymeric materials, acrylamide-methacrylic acid ester copolymer materials, and acrylamide-acrylate copolymers At least one selected from the group consisting of polymeric materials and the like can be mentioned. Preferably, the water absorbing agent is an anionic polyacrylamide polymer material having a carboxyl group (—COO − ) or a sulfo group (—SO 3 − ) as a dissociative group, and an ammonium group (—NH 3 + ) or a cationic polyacrylamide polymer material having a trimethylammonium group (-N + (CH 3 ) 3 ), and at least one selected from the group consisting of a nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material. can.
Moreover, as the weight average molecular weight of the water absorbing agent, those having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000,000 or more and 20,000,000 or less can be used. When an anionic or nonionic organic polymer material is used as the water absorbing agent, the weight average molecular weight of the water absorbing agent may be 15 million or more and 20 million or less. When a cationic organic polymer material is used as the water absorbing agent, the weight average molecular weight of the water absorbing agent may be 3 million or more and 10 million or less. When the weight-average molecular weight is within the above range, even when the aged modified soil is kneaded, it is possible to more effectively suppress the decrease in the strength of the modified soil.
In addition, the content of the water absorbing agent is 1.2 parts by mass or more, preferably 2.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 3.3 parts by mass or more and 5.9 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate. Part by mass or less.
上記のように構成される土壌改質材と混合される土壌としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、含水比が２０質量％以上３０質量％以下であるものが挙げられる。土壌の含水比は、「土壌中の水の質量／土壌中の固形分の質量」を「質量％」で表したものであり、地盤工学会のＪＧＳ ０１２１－２００９「土の含水比試験方法」により測定することができる。
また、上記の土壌としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、コーン指数が１００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上３００ｋＮ／ｍ２以下であるものが挙げられる。コーン指数は、後述の実施例と同じ方法で測定することができる。
The soil to be mixed with the soil improving material configured as described above is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include soil having a water content of 20% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. The water content ratio of the soil is expressed by "mass%" of "mass of water in the soil / mass of solids in the soil", and JGS 0121-2009 of the Geotechnical Society "Test method for water content of soil" can be measured by
The above soil is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those having a cone index of 100 kN/m 2 or more and 300 kN/m 2 or less. The Cone index can be measured in the same manner as in the examples below.
上記のように構成される土壌改質材を用いた土壌改質方法では、該土壌改質材と土壌とを混合して改質土壌を形成する。具体的には、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤との合計量１００質量部に対し、土壌を１４００質量部以上２００００質量部以下、好ましくは２８００質量部以上８０００質量部以下混合する。
なお、土壌改質材を構成する各成分は、同時に、土壌と混合されてもよく、各成分が別々に土壌と混合されてもよい。
また、土壌改質材と土壌とを混合する際には、土壌の含水比に応じて、追加で水を混合してもよく、追加で水を混合しなくてもよい。
土壌の含水比としては、特に限定されるものではなく、好ましくは１０％以上、５０％以下、より好ましくは１５％以上、３５％以下である。
また、改質土壌のコーン指数としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、３９０ｋＮ／ｍ２以上であってもよく、４００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上であってもよく、１０００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上であってもよい。コーン指数は、後述の実施例と同じ方法で測定することができる。
また、改質土壌のｐＨとしては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、１０未満であってもよく、５．８以上８．６以下であってもよい。ｐＨは、後述の実施例と同じ方法で測定することができる。
そして、上記のように形成される改質土壌を地盤中で硬化させて硬化体を形成することで地盤の改質を行うことができる（土壌改質処理工法）。
In the soil improvement method using the soil improvement material configured as described above, the soil improvement material and soil are mixed to form the modified soil. Specifically, 1400 to 20,000 parts by mass, preferably 2,800 to 8,000 parts by mass of soil are mixed with 100 parts by mass of the total amount of gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and water absorbing agent.
In addition, each component constituting the soil improvement material may be mixed with the soil at the same time, or each component may be separately mixed with the soil.
Further, when the soil modifier and the soil are mixed, water may be added or not added depending on the water content of the soil.
The water content ratio of the soil is not particularly limited, and is preferably 10% or more and 50% or less, more preferably 15% or more and 35% or less.
The cone index of the modified soil is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 390 kN/m 2 or more, 400 kN/m 2 or more, or 1000 kN/m 2 or more. may The Cone index can be measured in the same manner as in the examples below.
Moreover, the pH of the modified soil is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, less than 10 or 5.8 or more and 8.6 or less. The pH can be measured by the same method as in Examples described later.
Then, the modified soil formed as described above is hardened in the ground to form a hardened body, whereby the ground can be modified (soil modification method).
以上のように、本実施形態に係る土壌改質材、土壌改質方法、改質土壌、及び、土壌改質処理工法は、材齢が経過した改質土壌が練り返されても、該改質土壌の発現する強度が低下するのを抑制することができる。 As described above, the soil improvement material, the soil improvement method, the improved soil, and the soil improvement treatment method according to the present embodiment can be used even when the aged modified soil is kneaded. It is possible to suppress the deterioration of the strength expressed in the soil.
即ち、土壌と混合されて改質土壌を形成する土壌改質材であって、二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを含んでおり、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上、含むことで、改質土壌を形成して材齢が経過した後で、改質土壌を練り返しても、改質土壌が発現する強度が低下するのを抑制することができる。 That is, it is a soil improving material that is mixed with soil to form a modified soil, and contains gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent. By including 5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less and 1.2 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent, even if the modified soil is kneaded after the material age has passed after forming the modified soil , it is possible to suppress the decrease in the strength of the modified soil.
また、吸水剤を２．１質量部以上、含むことで、改質土壌を形成して材齢が経過した後で、改質土壌を練り返しても、発現する強度が比較的高い改質土壌を形成することができる。 In addition, by including 2.1 parts by mass or more of the water absorbing agent, even if the modified soil is kneaded after the material age has passed after forming the modified soil, the strength that is developed is relatively high. can be formed.
また、吸水剤は、アニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、カチオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、及び、ノニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つであることで、改質土壌を形成して材齢が経過した後で、改質土壌を練り返しても、改質土壌が発現する強度が低下するのをより効果的に抑制することができる。 Further, the water absorbing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of an anionic polyacrylamide polymer material, a cationic polyacrylamide polymer material, and a nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material. Even if the modified soil is kneaded after the quality soil has been formed and the material age has passed, it is possible to more effectively suppress the decrease in the strength of the modified soil.
なお、本発明に係る土壌改質材、土壌改質方法、改質土壌、及び、土壌改質処理工法は、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。また、上記した複数の実施形態の構成や方法等を任意に採用して組み合わせてもよく（１つの実施形態に係る構成や方法等を他の実施形態に係る構成や方法等に適用してもよく）、さらに、下記する各種の変更例に係る構成や方法等を任意に選択して、上記した実施形態に係る構成や方法等に採用してもよいことは勿論である。 In addition, the soil improvement material, the soil improvement method, the improved soil, and the soil improvement treatment method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be varied within the scope of the present invention. can be changed. In addition, the configurations, methods, etc. of the plurality of embodiments described above may be arbitrarily adopted and combined (even if the configurations, methods, etc., according to one embodiment are applied to the configurations, methods, etc., according to other embodiments). well), and furthermore, it is of course possible to arbitrarily select configurations, methods, and the like according to various modifications described below and employ them in the configurations, methods, and the like according to the above-described embodiments.
以下、実施例を用いて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below using examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
＜土壌＞
粉末粘土（関東化成社製、品名：トチクレー）１００質量部に対して７号珪砂（瓢屋社製）を２３３質量部混合し、含水比が２５％となるように加水し、コーン指数２００ｋＮ／ｍ２となる土壌を作製した。
<Soil>
233 parts by mass of No. 7 silica sand (manufactured by Hyoya Co., Ltd.) was mixed with 100 parts by mass of powdered clay (manufactured by Kanto Kasei Co., Ltd., product name: Tochikure), water was added so that the water content was 25%, and the cone index was 200 kN/ A soil of m 2 was prepared.
＜土壌改質材＞
１．使用材料
・再生二水石膏（中央環境開発社製）
・試薬二水石膏（関東化学社製）
・アルミナセメント
・吸水剤１：アニオン型のポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料（粘度：７００ｍＰａ・ｓ、解離基：カルボキシル基（－ＣＯＯ－））
・吸水剤２：カチオン型のポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料（粘度：４４０ｍＰａ・ｓ、解離基：トリメチルアンモニウム基（－Ｎ＋（ＣＨ３）３））
・吸水剤３：ノニオン型のポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料（粘度：３５５ｍＰａ・ｓ）
・硫酸アルミニウム（関東化学社製）
<Soil improvement material>
1. Materials used: Recycled gypsum dihydrate (manufactured by Chuo Kankyo Kaihatsu Co., Ltd.)
・ Reagent gypsum dihydrate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.)
・ Alumina cement ・ Water absorbing agent 1: Anionic polyacrylamide polymer material (viscosity: 700 mPa s, dissociation group: carboxyl group (-COO - ))
Water absorbing agent 2: cationic polyacrylamide polymer material (viscosity: 440 mPa s, dissociation group: trimethylammonium group (-N + (CH 3 ) 3 ))
・Water absorbing agent 3: nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material (viscosity: 355 mPa s)
・ Aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.)
上記の粘度は、吸水剤と水とを混合した混合液の全量に対して吸水剤が０．２５質量％となる混合液の粘度であり、ＪＩＳ Ｋ ７１１７－１：１９９９「プラスチック－液状、乳濁状又は分散状の樹脂－ブルックフィールド型回転粘度計による見掛け粘度の測定方法」に基づき、Ｂ型回転粘度計（製品名：Ｂ型粘度計 ＢＬ２、東機産業社製）によって測定することができる。 The above viscosity is the viscosity of a mixed liquid in which the water absorbing agent is 0.25% by mass with respect to the total amount of the mixed liquid of the water absorbing agent and water. Turbidity or dispersion resin-measurement method of apparent viscosity by Brookfield type rotational viscometer”, it can be measured with a B-type rotational viscometer (product name: B-type viscometer BL2, manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.). can.
上記の粘度の測定では、水４９８．７５ｇを計量した１０００ｍＬビーカー内に、吸水剤１．２５ｇを投入し、プロペラミキサにて１０００ｒｐｍで１時間撹拌して混合液を得た。 In the viscosity measurement, 498.75 g of water was weighed into a 1000 mL beaker, and 1.25 g of the water absorbing agent was put into the beaker.
また、上記の粘度の測定では、上記のように作製した混合液を５００ｍＬビーカーに移して上記の粘度計に設置し、回転ローター（２号ローター）を混合液に浸し、回転数を１分あたり３０回転として測定した。測定では、読み値を記録し、２回測定の平均値を換算表に従い粘度（ｍＰ・ｓ）を算出した。 In addition, in the above viscosity measurement, the mixed solution prepared as described above was transferred to a 500 mL beaker and placed in the above viscometer, the rotating rotor (No. 2 rotor) was immersed in the mixed solution, and the number of rotations was Measured as 30 revolutions. In the measurement, the read value was recorded, and the viscosity (mP·s) was calculated from the average value of the two measurements according to the conversion table.
２．土壌改質材の配合
各実施例及び各比較例の土壌改質材の配合は、下記表１～４の通りとした。
2. Composition of Soil Improving Material The composition of the soil improving material in each example and each comparative example was as shown in Tables 1 to 4 below.
＜練り返し低下率＞
１．コーン指数（直後成型）
上記の土壌に対して土壌改質材を５０ｋｇ／ｍ３添加して混合し、改質土壌を作製した。そして、作製直後の改質土壌を、ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１０：２００９「突固めによる土の締固め試験方法」に基づいて、φ１０×１２．７ｃｍの鋼製型枠に打設し、２０℃で７日間養生し、供試体を得た。つまり、斯かる供試体は、材齢が経過した後で改質土壌を型枠に打設したものではない（換言すれば、改質土壌を練り返すことなく作製したものである）。
得られた供試体（改質土壌の材齢は７日）について、ＪＩＳ Ａ １２２８：２００９「締固めた土のコーン指数試験方法」に基づいて、コーン貫入試験を行い、コーン指数を得た。コーン指数（直後成型）については、下記表１～４に示す。
<Kneading decrease rate>
1. Corn index (immediately molded)
50 kg/m 3 of soil modifier was added to the above soil and mixed to prepare modified soil. Then, the modified soil immediately after preparation is placed in a steel formwork of φ10 × 12.7 cm based on JIS A 1210: 2009 “Test method for soil compaction by compaction”, and is placed at 20 ° C. for 7 days. After curing, a specimen was obtained. In other words, such a specimen is not one in which the modified soil is poured into the formwork after the age of the material has passed (in other words, it is produced without kneading the modified soil).
A cone penetration test was performed on the obtained specimen (the modified soil had a material age of 7 days) based on JIS A 1228:2009 "Cone Index Test Method for Compacted Soil" to obtain a cone index. The cone index (immediately molded) is shown in Tables 1 to 4 below.
２．コーン指数（材齢時成型）
密封養生した材齢７日の改質土壌を型枠に打設したこと以外は、上記の「１．コーン指数（直後成型）」と同じ条件で供試体を作製した。つまり、斯かる供試体は、材齢が経過した改質土壌が練り返されて型枠に打設されたものである。
そして、作製直後の供試体について、上記の「１．コーン指数（直後成型）」と同じ条件でコーン貫入試験を行い、コーン指数を得た。コーン指数（材齢時成型）については、下記表１～４に示す。
2. Cone index (molded at age)
A specimen was produced under the same conditions as in the above "1. Cone index (immediate molding)" except that the modified soil that had been sealed and cured and had a material age of 7 days was placed in the mold. In other words, such a test piece is obtained by kneading the modified soil that has passed the material age and placing it in the mold.
Then, a cone penetration test was performed on the specimen immediately after production under the same conditions as in the above "1. Cone index (immediate molding)" to obtain a cone index. The cone index (molded at material age) is shown in Tables 1 to 4 below.
３．練り返し低下率
直後成型のコーン指数に対する材齢時成型のコーン指数の低下率を下記の式に基づいて算出し、「練り返し低下率」とした。練り返し低下率は、下記表１～４に示す。
「練り返し低下率（％）」＝
｛１－（「材齢時成型のコーン指数」／「直後成型のコーン指数」）｝×１００
3. Reduction Rate of Kneading The reduction rate of the corn index of the age-molded relative to the corn index of the immediately-molded was calculated based on the following formula, and was defined as the "decreasing rate of kneading." The kneading reduction rate is shown in Tables 1 to 4 below.
"Kneading decrease rate (%)" =
{1−(“age-molded cone index”/“immediately-molded cone index”)}×100
＜ｐＨ＞
ＪＧＳ ０２１１－２００９「土懸濁液のｐＨ試験方法」に基づいて、密封養生した材齢７日の改質土壌１８．８ｇに蒸留水７１．２ｇを加えて撹拌し、３０分後に上澄み液のｐＨを測定した。ｐＨの測定は、ｐＨメーター（品名：Ｄ―７２、堀場製作所社製）、ガラス電極（９６１５Ｓ－１０Ｄ、堀場製作所社製）を用いた。改質土壌のｐＨについては下記表１～４に示す。
<pH>
Based on JGS 0211-2009 "pH test method of soil suspension", 71.2 g of distilled water is added to 18.8 g of modified soil that has been sealed and cured for 7 days and stirred, and after 30 minutes, the supernatant liquid. pH was measured. The pH was measured using a pH meter (product name: D-72, manufactured by Horiba Ltd.) and a glass electrode (9615S-10D, manufactured by Horiba Ltd.). The pH of the modified soil is shown in Tables 1 to 4 below.
なお、下記表１～４の各実施例及び各比較例について、コーン指数（材齢時成型）３９０ｋＮ／ｍ２以上、練り返し低下率３５．０％未満、且つ、ｐＨ１０．０未満を満足したものを「〇」として評価した。また、下記表１～４の各実施例について、コーン指数（材齢時成型）１０００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上、練り返し低下率１５．０％未満、且つ、ｐＨ５．８～８．６を満足したものを「◎」として評価した。また、練り返し低下率が３５．０％以上のものを「×」として評価した。 In addition, for each example and each comparative example in Tables 1 to 4 below, the cone index (molding at material age) of 390 kN/m 2 or more, the kneading reduction rate of less than 35.0%, and the pH of less than 10.0 were satisfied. was evaluated as "0". In addition, for each example in Tables 1 to 4 below, the cone index (molding at material age) of 1000 kN/m 2 or more, the kneading reduction rate of less than 15.0%, and the pH of 5.8 to 8.6 were satisfied. was evaluated as "◎". In addition, when the rate of reduction in kneading was 35.0% or more, it was evaluated as "x".
＜まとめ＞
上記の表１～４を見ると、各実施例の方が各比較例よりも練り返し低下率が低いことが認められる。つまり、本願発明の構成とすることで、改質土壌を作製して材齢が経過した後に、該改質土壌を練り返しても、改質土壌が発現する強度（コーン指数）が低下するのを抑制することができる。
また、上記の表１を見ると、土壌改質材中の吸水剤の含有量を、二水石膏１００質量部に対して２．１質量部以上とすることで、材齢時成型のコーン指数が高くなることが認められる。つまり、二水石膏１００質量部に対し、吸水剤を２．１質量部以上とすることで、比較的高い強度（コーン指数）を発現する改質土壌を得ることができる。
また、表４の比較例５，６を見ると、材齢時成型のコーン指数が３９０ｋＮ／ｍ２以上であって比較的高い数値であるが、改質土壌のｐＨが１１であることが認められる。つまり、材齢時成型のコーン指数を比較的高くするために、土壌改質材中のアルミナセメントの含有量を増やすと、改質土壌がアルカリ性になることが認められる。これに対し、表１を見ると、二水石膏及びアルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを併用することで、アルミナセメントの含有量を低減しつつ、材齢時成型のコーン指数を高くできることが認められる。つまり、本願発明の構成とすることで、上記のように改質土壌が発現する強度（コーン指数）が低下するのを抑制しつつ、改質土壌のｐＨを１０未満にすることができる。
<Summary>
Looking at Tables 1 to 4 above, it can be seen that each example has a lower kneading reduction rate than each comparative example. In other words, with the configuration of the present invention, even if the modified soil is kneaded after the material age has passed after the modified soil is prepared, the strength (cone index) at which the modified soil is expressed is reduced. can be suppressed.
Also, looking at Table 1 above, by setting the content of the water absorbing agent in the soil improvement material to 2.1 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate, the cone index at the time of material age molding is observed to be higher. That is, by adding 2.1 parts by mass or more of the water-absorbing agent to 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate, it is possible to obtain modified soil exhibiting relatively high strength (Cone index).
In addition, looking at Comparative Examples 5 and 6 in Table 4, it was found that the corn index for molding at material age was 390 kN/m 2 or more, which is a relatively high value, but the pH of the modified soil was 11. be done. In other words, it can be recognized that if the content of alumina cement in the soil amendment is increased in order to increase the cone index of the age molding relatively high, the modified soil becomes alkaline. On the other hand, Table 1 shows that by using gypsum dihydrate and alumina cement together with a water absorbing agent, it is possible to reduce the content of alumina cement and increase the cone index for molding at the age of material. . That is, with the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the pH of the modified soil to less than 10 while suppressing the decrease in strength (Cone Index) expressed by the modified soil as described above.
Claims (5)
二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤とを含んでおり、
二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上、含み、
吸水剤は、アニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、カチオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、及び、ノニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、
土壌改質材。 A soil improving material that is mixed with soil to form a modified soil,
It contains gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent,
Contains 5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less of alumina cement and 1.2 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent with respect to 100 parts by mass of gypsum dihydrate ,
The water absorbing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of an anionic polyacrylamide polymer material, a cationic polyacrylamide polymer material, and a nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material.
Soil improver.
請求項１に記載の土壌改質材。 2.1 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent,
The soil improvement material according to claim 1.
二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上で混合し、
二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤との合計量１００質量部に対し、土壌を１４００質量部以上２００００質量部以下で混合し、
吸水剤は、アニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、カチオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、及び、ノニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、
土壌改質方法。 A soil modification method for forming modified soil by mixing soil, gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent,
5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less of alumina cement and 1.2 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent are mixed with 100 parts by mass of dihydrate gypsum,
1400 parts by mass or more and 20000 parts by mass or less of soil is mixed with 100 parts by mass of the total amount of gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and water absorbing agent,
The water absorbing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of an anionic polyacrylamide polymer material, a cationic polyacrylamide polymer material, and a nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material.
Soil amendment method.
二水石膏１００質量部に対し、アルミナセメントを５．３質量部以上４２．９質量部以下、吸水剤を１．２質量部以上、含んでおり、
二水石膏と、アルミナセメントと、吸水剤との合計量１００質量部に対し、土壌を１４００質量部以上２００００質量部以下、含み、
吸水剤は、アニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、カチオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料、及び、ノニオン型ポリアクリルアミド系高分子材料からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、
改質土壌。 A modified soil containing soil, gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and a water absorbing agent,
Contains 5.3 parts by mass or more and 42.9 parts by mass or less of alumina cement and 1.2 parts by mass or more of a water absorbing agent with respect to 100 parts by mass of dihydrate gypsum,
1400 parts by mass or more and 20000 parts by mass or less of soil with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of gypsum dihydrate, alumina cement, and water absorbing agent ,
The water absorbing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of an anionic polyacrylamide polymer material, a cationic polyacrylamide polymer material, and a nonionic polyacrylamide polymer material.
Amended soil.
土壌改質処理工法。 The ground is modified by hardening the modified soil according to claim 4 in the ground to form a hardened body,
Soil improvement treatment method.
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| JP2005162949A (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-23 | Taiheiyo Material Kk | Injection material |
| JP2006225475A (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-31 | Komurisu:Kk | Solidification material and method for improving solidification of soil using the solidification material |
| JP2008037934A (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-21 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | Hydrous soil improving agent, granulating method and granular soil |
| JP2016172651A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-29 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Hydraulic powder composition |
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| JP2754138B2 (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1998-05-20 | 秩父小野田株式会社 | Cement, method for producing the same, and ground improvement material containing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005162949A (en) | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-23 | Taiheiyo Material Kk | Injection material |
| JP2006225475A (en) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-31 | Komurisu:Kk | Solidification material and method for improving solidification of soil using the solidification material |
| JP2008037934A (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-21 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | Hydrous soil improving agent, granulating method and granular soil |
| JP2016172651A (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2016-09-29 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Hydraulic powder composition |
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