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JP7209528B2 - Battery housing structure and its mounting structure - Google Patents
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JP7209528B2 - Battery housing structure and its mounting structure - Google Patents

Battery housing structure and its mounting structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP7209528B2
JP7209528B2 JP2018239283A JP2018239283A JP7209528B2 JP 7209528 B2 JP7209528 B2 JP 7209528B2 JP 2018239283 A JP2018239283 A JP 2018239283A JP 2018239283 A JP2018239283 A JP 2018239283A JP 7209528 B2 JP7209528 B2 JP 7209528B2
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welding
battery housing
battery
panel body
housing structure
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JP2020100251A (en
JP2020100251A5 (en
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聡 川口
耕介 木戸
雄太 高波
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Aisin Keikinzoku Co Ltd
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Aisin Keikinzoku Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018239283A priority Critical patent/JP7209528B2/en
Priority to CN201911327869.6A priority patent/CN111347862B/en
Publication of JP2020100251A publication Critical patent/JP2020100251A/en
Publication of JP2020100251A5 publication Critical patent/JP2020100251A5/ja
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1265Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36Electric or electronic devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Description

本発明は、車両に駆動用電池を搭載するための電池収容構造体に関し、その車両への取り付け構造に係る。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a battery housing structure for mounting a drive battery on a vehicle, and to a mounting structure for the vehicle.

電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車等の分野においては、一回の充電にて走行可能な距離の長距離化を図るには、駆動用の二次電池の搭載量を多くせざるを得ない。
その一方で、車両の軽量化と二次電池の搭載スペースの省スペース化が要求されている。
そこで、この駆動用電源となる電池を車両のフロア下に搭載することが検討されている。
しかし、車両のフロア下に搭載する場合には、気密性,水密性が要求されるとともに、走行時等の外部からの衝撃に対して保護する必要がある。
In the field of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, etc., in order to increase the distance that can be traveled on a single charge, it is necessary to increase the amount of secondary batteries for driving.
On the other hand, there is a demand for weight reduction of vehicles and space saving of the mounting space of the secondary battery.
Therefore, it is being considered to mount the battery, which serves as the drive power source, under the floor of the vehicle.
However, when it is mounted under the floor of a vehicle, airtightness and watertightness are required, and it is also necessary to protect against external shocks during driving.

金属部材を用いて、電池を車両に搭載するための構造体を検討した場合に、気密性,水密性を確保するためには、部材間の接合方法が課題となる。
例えば特許文献1には、一方の金属部材の端面を他方の金属部材の裏面に突き合せて摩擦攪拌接合を行い、内側の隅から溶接を行うことで気密性,水密性を確保する技術を開示する。
しかし、同公報に開示する技術は、ケース体の内隅の全周に亘って補強のための溶接が必要であり、溶接のための工数が増大となり、高コストになるだけでなく、溶接時の熱歪みの影響も大きい。
また、蓋を枠体の内側に嵌め込んだ状態で摩擦攪拌接合しようとすると、三次元的な治具が必要となり、治具構造が複雑になる。
When considering a structure for mounting a battery on a vehicle using metal members, a joining method between the members becomes an issue in order to ensure airtightness and watertightness.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for ensuring airtightness and watertightness by performing friction stir welding by butting the end surface of one metal member against the back surface of the other metal member and welding from the inner corner. do.
However, the technique disclosed in the publication requires welding for reinforcement over the entire circumference of the inner corner of the case body, which increases the number of man-hours for welding, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the welding time. The effect of thermal strain on the
Further, if friction stir welding is attempted with the lid fitted inside the frame, a three-dimensional jig is required, which complicates the jig structure.

特開2010-284706号公報JP 2010-284706 A

本発明は、気密性,水密性に優れるとともに、簡単な構造で軽量化を図るのに有効な電池収容構造体の提供を目的とする。
また、この電池収容構造体を車両に取り付ける場合の保護構造の提供を目的とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery housing structure that is excellent in airtightness and watertightness, and that is effective in achieving weight reduction with a simple structure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a protective structure for mounting this battery housing structure on a vehicle.

本発明に係る電池収容構造体は、車両に駆動用電池を搭載するための電池収容構造体であって、側壁を形成した枠体と、前記枠体の少なくとも一方の開口部を密閉したパネル体を備え、前記枠体は複数の部材を溶接接合したものであり、前記パネル体と前記枠体とは摩擦攪拌接合してあることを特徴とする。 A battery housing structure according to the present invention is a battery housing structure for mounting a drive battery in a vehicle, and comprises a frame having side walls and a panel body sealing at least one opening of the frame. wherein the frame body is formed by welding and joining a plurality of members, and the panel body and the frame body are joined by friction stir welding.

ここで駆動用電池は、繰り返し充電使用が可能な二次電池をいい、電池モジュール,電池パック等と称されている。 Here, the drive battery refers to a secondary battery that can be repeatedly charged and used, and is also called a battery module, battery pack, or the like.

本発明に係る電池収容構造体は、複数の部材をアーク溶接等の溶接方法を用いて溶接することで、両側が開口した枠体を製作し、この枠体の開口部の少なくとも一方をパネル体で塞ぐことで、電池を収容できるケース体を製作したものである。 In the battery housing structure according to the present invention, a frame body having openings on both sides is manufactured by welding a plurality of members using a welding method such as arc welding. A case body capable of accommodating a battery is manufactured by closing the case body with the .

本発明において摩擦攪拌接合とは、FSW:Friction Stir Weldingと称される固相接合法の1つである。
一般的には、先端部にプローブとこのプローブの根元側にショルダを有するツールを高速回転させながら摩擦熱で接合する方法である。
また、アーク溶接材料を溶かしながら接合する。
Friction stir welding in the present invention is one of solid phase welding methods called FSW: Friction Stir Welding.
In general, it is a method of joining by frictional heat while rotating a tool having a probe at the tip and a shoulder at the base of the probe at high speed.
Also , arc welding joins while melting materials .

パネル体は前記枠体の全周にわたって、且つパネル体側から摩擦攪拌接合してあるのが好ましく、さらには枠体を構成する複数の部材は一方の部材に設けた外側方向の折り曲げリブを他方の部材の内側に突き当てて溶接接合してあり、当該溶接接合による溶接ビードと前記パネル体摩擦攪拌接合部との重なり部を有するのが好ましい。 It is preferable that the panel body is friction stir welded from the panel body side over the entire circumference of the frame body. It is preferable that the member is abutted and welded to the inside of the member, and has an overlapping portion between the weld bead formed by the welding and the friction stir welded portion of the panel body.

また、本発明に係る電池収容体の車両取付構造にあっては、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の電池収容構造体を車両のフロアの下側に取り付けてあり、前記電池収容構造体の取付部より前方側にガード部材を有することを特徴とする。
この場合に、ガード部材は車両の走行に伴って生じる走行風の方向を制御するための走行風制御手段を有するのが好ましい。
このような車両への取付構造にあっては、各種電池収容構造体に適用することができ、本発明に係る電池収容構造体に限定する必要はないが、本発明に係る電池収容構造体と組み合せることで、より軽量な構造となる。
Further, in a vehicle mounting structure for a battery containing body according to the present invention, the battery containing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is mounted below a floor of a vehicle, and the battery containing structure It is characterized by having a guard member on the front side from the attachment part of.
In this case, the guard member preferably has running wind control means for controlling the direction of the running wind generated as the vehicle runs.
Such a mounting structure for a vehicle can be applied to various battery housing structures, and it is not necessary to be limited to the battery housing structure according to the present invention. The combination results in a lighter structure.

本発明に係る電池収容構造体にあっては、複数の部材を溶接接合することで、枠体を形成し、その開口部をパネル体で塞ぐ際に、パネル体側からFSWにより接合するものであるため、簡単な構造でありながら気密性,水密性を確保することができる。
特に、部材間の溶接接合部と、パネル体のFSWの接合部とに重なり部を設けると、3つの部材間の接合部での気密性,水密性に優れる。
In the battery housing structure according to the present invention, a plurality of members are welded together to form a frame, and when the opening of the frame is closed with the panel body, the panel body is joined by FSW. Therefore, airtightness and watertightness can be ensured with a simple structure.
In particular, if an overlapping portion is provided between the weld joint between the members and the FSW joint of the panel body, airtightness and watertightness at the joint between the three members are excellent.

駆動用の電池を車両のフロア下に搭載する際に、この電池の搭載部の前方側にガード部材を設けることで、外部からの衝撃から電池を保護することができる。 When the drive battery is mounted under the floor of the vehicle, the battery can be protected from external impact by providing a guard member in front of the battery mounting portion.

本発明に係る電池収容構造体を示す。(a)は枠体を示し、(b)は枠体の一方の開口部にパネル体をFSWにて接合した例を示す。1 shows a battery housing structure according to the present invention; (a) shows a frame, and (b) shows an example in which a panel body is joined to one opening of the frame by FSW. (a)~(c)は接合の手順を示し、(d)はA-A線断面図を示す。(a) to (c) show the joining procedure, and (d) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. 溶接部とFSW接合部との重なり部の形成例を示し、(a)は溶接前、(b)は溶接後を示す。An example of formation of the overlapping portion between the welded portion and the FSW joint portion is shown, (a) before welding and (b) after welding. (a)は車両のフロア下に電池収容構造体を取り付けた例を示し、(b)~(d)はガード部材の構造例を示す。(a) shows an example in which the battery housing structure is attached under the floor of the vehicle, and (b) to (d) show structural examples of the guard member. ガード部材の他の例を示す。4 shows another example of a guard member.

本発明に係る電池収容構造体100の構造例を以下、図に基づいて説明する。
本発明において、枠体及びパネル体の材質に制限はない。
図1に示した実施例は、枠体を形成する部材として4つのアルミ製の部材11~14を用いて枠体を形成し、その開口部を塞ぐようにアルミ製のパネル体20を重ね、摩擦攪拌接合(以下FSWという。)にて、枠体の開口部全周にわたって、パネル体側(図1(b)では下面側)から接合した例になっている。
A structural example of the battery housing structure 100 according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the present invention, the materials of the frame and panel are not limited.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, four aluminum members 11 to 14 are used as members forming the frame to form a frame, and an aluminum panel body 20 is stacked so as to close the opening, In this example, friction stir welding (hereinafter referred to as FSW) is used to join from the panel body side (lower surface side in FIG. 1(b)) over the entire circumference of the opening of the frame body.

部材11~14は、アルミニウム合金の押出材からなり、断面略コ字形状にした例であり、ケース体の側壁となる側壁部(11a,12a,13a,14a)から外側に向けて略直角に折り返した第1リブ(11b,12b,13b,14b)と、第2リブ(11c,12c,13c,14c)とを有する。
本実施例では、部材13とそれに対向する部材14のそれぞれ第2リブ13b,14cに車両のフロア下に取り付けるための取付孔13d,14dを設けた例である。
The members 11 to 14 are made of aluminum alloy extruded material, and have a substantially U-shaped cross section. It has folded first ribs (11b, 12b, 13b, 14b) and second ribs (11c, 12c, 13c, 14c).
In this embodiment, the second ribs 13b and 14c of the member 13 and the member 14 opposed thereto are provided with mounting holes 13d and 14d for mounting under the floor of the vehicle.

図2に接合の手順例を示す。
図2(a)に示すように、4つのアルミ製の部材(以下、単にアルミ部材と称する。)からなる枠体10の第2リブに重なるように、パネル体20を配置する。
図2(b)に示すように、パネル体20側から枠体10の全周(4つの第2リブ)にわたって、FSW接合してある。
また、4つのアルミ部材11~14は、例えば図2(c)にアルミ部材12とアルミ部材14とのコーナー部を透視図で示したように、アルミ部材14の端部をアルミ部材12の内側の側面に突き当てた状態で、アルミ部材14のコ字形状の内側に沿ってアーク溶接により、内側の突き合せ部を溶接することで溶接部W(ビード部)を形成する。
そのA-A線断面図を図2(d)に示す。
アルミ部材12とアルミ部材14との溶接部Wと、FSWによる接合部Fとが交差するように重なり部Oが形成されることで、2つのアルミ部材とパネル体20の3部材の重なり部が溶接とFSWにて接合される。
これにより、最も気密性,水密性の確保が難しい3点部材の連結部が相互に接合されるので、コンパクトな構造でありながら気密性,水密性に優れる。
この場合に、4つのアルミ部材を予めアーク溶接にて枠体10を形成した後に、パネル体20をFSWにて接合してもよいが、FSWは固相接合であるのに対して、アーク溶接はアルミ材を溶かした接合なので接合性が高い。
そこで、枠体10を予め製作する場合にあっては、第2リブ11c~14cの部分を残してアーク溶接し、パネル体20を枠体10の第2リブにFSW接合した後に、第2リブをアーク溶接するのが好ましい。
さらには、図3(a)に示すように第2リブ14cに孔部14eを予め形成しておき、図3(b)に示すようにアーク溶接による溶け込みが、パネル体20のFSW接合部Fまで到達するようにすると、さらに気密性,水密性の確保がしやすい。
FIG. 2 shows an example of the joining procedure.
As shown in FIG. 2A, the panel body 20 is arranged so as to overlap the second ribs of the frame body 10 made up of four aluminum members (hereinafter simply referred to as aluminum members).
As shown in FIG. 2(b), FSW is joined from the panel body 20 side over the entire circumference (four second ribs) of the frame body 10. As shown in FIG.
The four aluminum members 11 to 14 are arranged such that the end portion of the aluminum member 14 is positioned inside the aluminum member 12 as shown in FIG. A welded portion W (bead portion) is formed by welding the inner butted portion along the inner side of the U-shaped aluminum member 14 by arc welding.
FIG. 2(d) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA.
An overlapping portion O is formed so that the welded portion W between the aluminum member 12 and the aluminum member 14 and the joint portion F formed by the FSW intersect, so that the overlapping portion of the three members of the two aluminum members and the panel body 20 is formed. Joined by welding and FSW.
As a result, the connecting portions of the three-point members, which are most difficult to secure airtightness and watertightness, are joined to each other, so that airtightness and watertightness are excellent in spite of the compact structure.
In this case, the frame body 10 may be formed by arc welding the four aluminum members in advance, and then the panel body 20 may be joined by FSW. is a joint made by melting aluminum material, so the joint is high.
Therefore, when the frame body 10 is manufactured in advance, the second ribs 11c to 14c are left to be arc-welded, and the panel body 20 is FSW-joined to the second ribs of the frame body 10. Then, the second ribs are preferably arc-welded.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3(a), a hole 14e is formed in advance in the second rib 14c, and as shown in FIG. If it reaches to, it is easier to secure airtightness and watertightness.

図4(a)に車両1のフロア2の下側に電池収容構造体100を取り付けた例を示す。
この場合に、図4(b)に示すように電池収容構造体100の車両走行方向前方側にガード部材30を取り付けた例になっている。
ガード部材30をこの電池収容構造体100の前方側に取り付けることで、車両の走行時の路面の突起物や飛石等から電池を保護することができる。
本実施例では、ガード部材30の一部又は全部がリンク機構31により、回動制御されている。
これにより、電池が熱い状態ではガード部材30が図4(c)に示すように、前方に向けて開くように回動することで、走行風が電池収容構造体に当たり、冷却される。
逆に、外気温が低い等、電池を冷却したくない場合には、図4(d)に示すようにガード部材30が閉じ、走行風が矢印で示すように電池収容構造体100に当たらないようにすることもできる。
この走行風の方向の制御機構は、図5に示すようにガード部材40に開閉制御されたルーバー41~43を設けてもよい。
なお、ガード部材は電池収容構造体と一体的に設けてもよく、別体として車両側に設けてもよい。
FIG. 4(a) shows an example in which the battery housing structure 100 is attached to the lower side of the floor 2 of the vehicle 1. As shown in FIG.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 4B, the guard member 30 is attached to the front side of the battery housing structure 100 in the vehicle running direction.
By attaching the guard member 30 to the front side of the battery housing structure 100, the battery can be protected from projections on the road surface, flying stones, and the like while the vehicle is running.
In this embodiment, part or all of the guard member 30 is controlled to rotate by the link mechanism 31 .
As a result, when the battery is hot, the guard member 30 rotates so as to open forward as shown in FIG.
Conversely, when the battery is not desired to be cooled, such as when the outside air temperature is low, the guard member 30 is closed as shown in FIG. You can also make
As shown in FIG. 5, the mechanism for controlling the direction of the running wind may be provided with louvers 41 to 43 that are controlled to open and close on the guard member 40 .
The guard member may be provided integrally with the battery housing structure, or may be provided separately on the vehicle side.

10 枠体
11 部材
13 部材
20 パネル体
100 電池収容構造体
F 摩擦攪拌接合部
O 重なり部
W 溶接部
10 Frame 11 Member 13 Member 20 Panel body 100 Battery housing structure F Friction stir joint O Overlapping portion W Welding portion

Claims (2)

車両に駆動用電池を搭載するための電池収容構造体であって、
側壁を形成した枠体と、前記枠体の少なくとも一方の開口部を密閉したパネル体を備え、
前記枠体は複数の部材を溶接接合したものであり、
前記パネル体と前記枠体とは摩擦攪拌接合してあり、
前記枠体を構成する複数の部材は一方の部材に設けた外側方向の折り曲げリブを他方の部材の内側に突き当てて溶接接合してあり、当該溶接接合による溶接ビードと前記パネル体の摩擦攪拌接合部との重なり部を有することを特徴とする電池収容構造体。
A battery housing structure for mounting a drive battery on a vehicle,
A frame body having side walls and a panel body sealing at least one opening of the frame body,
The frame body is formed by welding and joining a plurality of members,
The panel body and the frame body are joined by friction stir welding ,
The plurality of members constituting the frame are welded by abutting an outward bending rib provided on one member against the inside of the other member, and the weld bead by the welding and the friction stir of the panel body. A battery housing structure, comprising: a portion that overlaps with a joint portion .
前記パネル体は前記枠体の全周にわたって、且つパネル体側から摩擦攪拌接合してあることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電池収容構造体。 2. The battery housing structure according to claim 1, wherein the panel body is friction stir welded from the panel body side over the entire circumference of the frame body.
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