JP7228397B2 - Eave structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to eave structures for buildings.

In the construction of the eaves top board, it is common to fix the eaves top board to the joists on the side of the building with fasteners such as nails and screws from the lower surface of the eaves top board. In this case, the heads of fasteners such as nails and screws need to be repaired inconspicuously, and there is a problem that the repaired parts are conspicuous due to deterioration over time.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 31 or FIG. 32, a parting edge 102 attached to a fascia base 100 or a joist 101 on the eaves side is provided with an eaves top board support piece 104 for supporting the eaves side of the eaves top board 103. A support member on the eaves edge side of the provided eaves top plate is known.

JP-A-2001-98693 JP-A-07-331793

However, in the eaves edge side support members for the eaves top plate of Patent Documents 1 and 2, the eaves top plate support piece 104 that supports the eaves side of the eaves top plate 103 is attached to the fascia base 100 or the joist 101 on the eaves side. Since it is provided integrally with the attached parting edge 102, the position of the eaves top plate support piece 104 in the eaves protruding direction is constant and cannot be changed.

For this reason, a gap is formed between the end face of the eaves top plate 103 on the eaves edge side and the eaves top plate support piece 104, and the eaves top plate 103 is likely to be loose.

If the eaves top plate 103 is rattling, it is not preferable in terms of fire prevention, waterproofing, and wind pressure resistance.

Therefore, the present invention provides an eaves structure capable of preventing rattling in the eaves protruding direction of the eaves top plate, and fixing tools such as nails and screws are not conspicuous from the lower surface side and does not need to be repaired. This is the subject.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention supports the eave base side of the eaves top plate on the joist or the outer wall via the eaves base side support member, and the eaves top plate on the eaves side or the fascia base. In the eaves structure supported through the eaves side support member, the eaves side support member includes an eaves side fixing bracket for fixing the eaves side of the eaves top plate to the fascia base or the joist, and the eaves side fixing It consists of an eaves-side parting edge attached to the fascia base or the joist covering the metal fittings, and the eaves-side fixing metal fittings are composed of an upper support piece located on the upper surface of the eaves top plate and a lower support piece located on the lower surface of the eaves top plate. The side support piece, the upper support piece, and the lower support piece are connected to each other, facing the end surface of the eaves top plate on the eaves edge side, and pressing the eaves edge side end surface of the eaves top plate toward the eaves side. In a state in which the end face of the eaves top plate on the eaves edge side is pressed toward the eaves base side by the hanging piece, the eaves top plate and the upper support piece are fastened from the lower surface side of the eaves top plate with nails, screws, or the like. It is fastened to the joist with a fastener, and the eaves side parting edge has an upper part that is fastened to the fascia base or the joist, a lower part that hides the eaves side fixing metal fitting, and an upper part and a lower part. The lower part extends toward the eaves beyond the eaves-side tip of the lower support piece of the eaves-side fixing bracket, and is folded back upward from the eaves-side to the eaves-edge side. The folded portion constitutes an inserting portion which is inserted between the lower support piece of the eaves edge side fixing fitting and the lower surface of the eaves ceiling plate.

In the eaves structure of the present invention, the hanging piece of the eaves side fixing bracket presses the edge of the eaves top plate toward the eaves side, and the eaves top plate and the upper side of the eaves top plate are mounted from the lower surface side of the eaves top plate. By fastening the support pieces to the ceiling joists with fasteners such as nails and screws, the eaves top plate can be attached without rattling.

By pressing the eaves top plate in the direction of the eaves side with the eaves side fixing bracket, even if the position of the eaves side fixing bracket in the eaves projection direction changes, the insertion part of the eaves side parting edge can be secured to the eaves side fixing bracket. Insert it between the lower support piece and the lower surface of the eaves top plate, and while adjusting the amount of insertion, fix the attachment part of the eaves side parting edge to the predetermined position of the fascia base with fasteners such as nails and screws. By fastening, the fasteners of the eaves side fixing metal fittings and the eaves side fixing metal fittings themselves can be hidden by the edge of the eaves side parting edge, so that the aesthetic appearance when viewed from below is not spoiled.

Ventilation in the eaves can be improved by providing a vent leading to the ceiling at the rising part of the eaves side parting edge and making the rising part having this vent function as a ventilation wall.

The upper part of the eaves side parting edge is provided with a folded part folded upward from the outdoor end, the folded part is extended to a position beyond the indoor side of the rising part, and the indoor end of the extended part faces downward. Infiltration of rainwater into the back of the eaves can be suppressed by folding the folded part into a water return piece.

It is preferable that a thermally expandable fireproof material that expands due to heat during a fire is arranged inside the lower part of the eaves side parting edge so as to block the vent of the upright portion when expanded.

A hanging part is provided at the outdoor side end of the upper part of the eaves side parting edge, and a second lower side part extending toward the outdoor side is provided at the lower end of the hanging part, and this second lower side part. A third raised portion abutting on the fascia is provided at the end on the outdoor side of the eaves side, a second vent is formed in the hanging portion, and the hanging portion, the second lower side portion, and the third raised portion form the eaves side If the second ventilation space is formed in the soffit, the ventilation of the eaves is further improved.

The third rising portion is extended upward until it abuts on the lower surface of the fascia base, and the upper end of the third rising portion is bent to the outside to provide a second upper portion that abuts on the lower surface of the fascia base. By fixing the second upper part to the lower surface of the fascia base and forming the third vent in the third rising part, the ventilation of the eaves back is further improved.

By extending the length of the third raised portion and the hanging portion downwardly more than the length of the raised portion, the ventilation of the eaves can be further improved.

The eaves-side support member comprises an eaves-side parting edge and an eaves-side fixing metal fitting, and the eaves-side parting edge and the eaves-side fixing metal fitting are driven upward from the lower surface of the joists, such as nails and screws. It may be fixed to the joist by means of fasteners.

The eave base side fixing bracket includes an upper part positioned above the eave base side of the eaves top plate, a lower part positioned below the eaves base side of the eaves top plate, and an upright part connecting them. It has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and an insertion hole for inserting a fastener such as a nail or a screw can be provided in the upper portion.

An urging portion may be provided on the upper surface of the lower portion of the eaves base side fixing bracket to push the eaves top plate upward.

An urging portion for urging the eaves top plate toward the eaves edge may be provided on the rising portion of the eaves base side fixing bracket.

Also, joint fittings may be used at the joints of the eaves top boards in order to prevent the joints of the eaves top boards adjacent in the width direction from slipping or sagging or to improve the fixing strength to the ceiling joists or the like.

The joint metal fittings consist of a vertical plate portion positioned at the abutting portion of the eaves top plate adjacent in the width direction, and a pair of vertical plate portions provided on both upper sides of the vertical plate portion and positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate adjacent in the width direction. It has an upper plate portion and insertion portions that are provided on both lower sides of the vertical plate portion and are inserted into female tongue portions formed on the end faces of the eaves top plates that are adjacent in the width direction. At least one of a pair of upper surface plate portions positioned on the upper surface of the eaves roof plate can be fastened to a base such as a ceiling joist.

The insertion portion inserted into the female tongue portion may be provided with a biasing portion for pushing up the eaves top plate.

In addition, as a joint metal fitting, a fixing plate fixed to a vertical surface such as a joist, a top plate provided below the fixing plate and positioned on the top surface of the eaves top plate, and a top plate provided on the top plate and extending in the width direction and a stopper portion that is inserted into the abutting portion of the adjacent eaves top plate.

In addition, as joint metal fittings, a fixing plate fixed to the vertical surface of the fascia base, the outer wall or the roof joist, the upper surface plate provided below the fixing plate and positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate, and the upper surface plate a stopper part provided separately and inserted into abutting portions of the eaves top plates adjacent in the width direction; The stopper includes an engaging plate portion overlapping the upper surface of the upper surface plate and a fitting portion that is fitted into the upper surface groove of the butting portion of the adjacent eaves top plate through the slit of the upper surface plate. Anything can be used.

The lower surface of the upper surface plate may be provided with a positioning projection that engages with the upper surface groove of the butted portion of the eaves roof plate that is adjacent in the width direction.

As described above, according to the present invention, the eaves top plate is attached to the eaves top plate from the underside of the eaves top plate in a state in which the end face of the eaves top plate is pressed toward the eaves side by the hanging piece of the eaves-side fixing bracket. By fastening the upper support piece and the upper support piece to the ceiling joists with fasteners such as nails and screws, the eaves top plate can be attached without rattling. By pressing the eaves top plate in the direction of the eaves side with the eaves side fixing bracket, even if the position of the eaves side fixing bracket in the eaves projection direction changes, the insertion part of the eaves side parting edge can be secured to the eaves side fixing bracket. Insert it between the lower support piece and the lower surface of the eaves top plate, and while adjusting the amount of insertion, fix the attachment part of the eaves side parting edge to the predetermined position of the fascia base with fasteners such as nails and screws. By fastening, the fasteners of the eaves side fixing metal fittings and the eaves side fixing metal fittings themselves can be hidden by the edge of the eaves side parting edge, so that the aesthetic appearance when viewed from below is not spoiled.

It is an explanatory view by side view of the eaves structure according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an eaves side parting edge used in the eave structure of FIG. 1; 1. It is a perspective view of the eaves side fixing metal fitting used by the eaves structure of FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an eaves side parting edge used in the eaves structure of FIG. 1; 1. It is a perspective view of the eaves side fixing metal fitting used by the eaves structure of FIG. It is explanatory drawing by the side view of the eaves edge side of the eaves structure concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing by the side view of the eaves edge side of the eaves structure concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing by the side view of the eaves edge side of the eaves structure concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing by the side view of the eaves edge side of the eaves structure concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing by the side view of other embodiment of the eave base side of the eaves structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the eaves side fixing bracket used in the eaves structure of FIG. 10; It is explanatory drawing by the side view of other embodiment of the eave base side of the eaves structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the eaves side fixing bracket used in the eaves structure of FIG. 12 ; It is explanatory drawing by the side view of other embodiment of the eave base side of the eaves structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the eaves side fixing bracket used in the eaves structure of FIG. 14; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of abutting portions of adjacent eaves top boards using joint fittings. FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a joint fitting used in a butting portion of the eaves top plate of FIG. 16; FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of abutting portions of adjacent eaves top boards using the joint fitting of FIG. 16 ; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing abutting portions of adjacent eaves roof boards using another example of the joint fitting; FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the joint fitting of FIG. 19; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing abutting portions of adjacent eaves roof boards using another example of the joint fitting; FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the joint fitting of FIG. 21; FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing abutting portions of adjacent eaves roof boards using another example of the joint fitting; Figure 24 is a perspective view of Figure 23; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing abutting portions of adjacent eaves roof boards using another example of the joint fitting; 26 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 25; FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing abutting portions of adjacent eaves roof boards using another example of the joint fitting; FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 27; It is sectional drawing which shows the edge-of-eaves side support member of the conventional eaves top board. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a conventional eaves edge side support member for an eaves top plate.

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the eave structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. and the fascia base 4 via the eaves side support member 5. - 特許庁

The eaves-side support member 5 is composed of an eaves-side fixing metal fitting 6A fixed to the eaves hem 2 and an eaves-side parting edge 7A covering the eaves-side fixing metal fitting 6A. The eaves side fixing fitting 6A is fixed to the joist 2 together with the eaves top plate 1, and the eaves side parting edge 7A is attached to the fascia base 4. - 特許庁

As shown in FIG. 2, the eaves side parting edge 7A is a long member (for example, about 3000 mm) long in the girder direction. (for example, 455 mm intervals).

As shown in FIG. 3, the eaves edge fixing bracket 6A includes an upper support piece 6a located on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1, a lower support piece 6b located on the lower surface of the eaves top plate 1, and the upper support piece. A hanging piece 6c that connects the lower support piece 6b to the lower support piece 6b, faces the end surface of the eaves top plate 1 on the eaves edge side, and presses the eaves edge side end surface of the eaves top plate 1 toward the eaves base side. ing.

Further, the tip of the eaves base side of the lower support piece 6b of the eaves edge fixing metal fitting 6A is widened downward, and the eaves edge side of the eaves top plate 1 is provided between the upper support piece 6a and the lower support piece 6b. When inserting the eaves top plate 1, it is made easy to insert.

As shown in FIG. 2, the eaves-side parting edge 7A has a substantially Z-shaped cross section including an upper portion 7a, a lower portion 7b, and an oblique rising portion 7c connecting them. The outdoor end of the upper part 7a of the eaves side parting edge 7A is folded upward. Similarly, the indoor end of the lower part 7b of the eaves side parting edge 7A is also folded upwards, and this folded part connects the lower support piece 6b and the eaves ceiling plate to the eaves side fixing bracket 6A. An insertion portion 7d that is inserted between the lower surface of 1 is constructed.

The upper part 7a of the eaves-side parting edge 7A is fixed to the lower surface of the fascia base 4 by means of fasteners 9 such as nails or screws driven upward from the lower surface of the fascia base 4. As shown in FIG. A fascia 14, which is a building member on the eaves side, is attached to the outdoor side of the fascia base 4. - 特許庁The fascia 14 is provided such that its lower end protrudes downward from the lower end of the eaves side parting edge 7A.

The rising part 7c of the eaves side parting edge 7A is provided with a vent 10 leading to the ceiling, and the rising part 7c constitutes a ventilation wall. Ventilation can be performed behind the eaves by connecting the

On the other hand, the eaves side support member 3 of the eaves structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. The edge 11A and the eaves side fixing metal fitting 12A are fixed to the ceiling joist 2 by fasteners 13 such as nails or screws driven upward from the lower surface of the ceiling joist 2. - 特許庁

The eaves side parting edge 11A is a long member (for example, about 3000 mm) long in the girder direction, while the eaves side fixing metal fittings 12A are arranged at intervals (for example, 455 mm intervals) in the girder direction. It is considered to be a short member. The fastener 13 is driven into the lower surface of the ceiling joist 2 through the upper side portions of the eave base side fixing bracket 12A and the eave base side parting edge 11A. The eave base side fixing fitting 12A is fixed to the roof joist 2 together with the eave base side parting edge 11A.

As shown in FIG. 4, the eaves base side parting edge 11A has an approximately U-shaped cross section including an upper portion 11a, a lower portion 11b, and a raised portion 11c connecting them. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the eave base side fixing bracket 12A similarly has an upper side portion 12a, a lower side portion 12b, and an upright portion 12c connecting them, and has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The upper portion 12a is provided with an insertion hole 12d through which a fastener 13 such as a nail or a screw is inserted.

The eaves side parting edge 11A is formed to be slightly larger than the eaves side fixing metal fitting 12A so as to cover the outer surface of the eaves side fixing metal fitting 12A. The upper part 11a of the eaves side parting edge 11A is in contact with the lower surface of the ceiling joist 2, and the rising part 11c is in contact with the surface of the exterior wall material or exterior wall foundation.

Further, the upper part 12a of the eaves base side fixing bracket 12A is positioned, for example, above the eaves base side of the eaves top board 1 horizontally arranged, and the lower side part 12b is positioned on the eaves base side of the eaves top board 1. , and the end face of the eaves top plate 1 on the indoor side is abutted against the rising portion 12c.

The outdoor end of the upper portion 11a of the eaves-side parting edge 11A is folded back downward, and this folded-back portion is attached to the outdoor end of the upper portion 12a of the eaves-side fixing bracket 12A. Locked. Similarly, the outdoor end of the lower part 11b of the eaves-side parting edge 11A is folded upward, and this folded-back part is the outdoor side of the lower part 12b of the eaves-side fixing metal fitting 12A. Locked at the end.

As a procedure for constructing the eaves structure shown in FIG. are fixed to the ceiling joist 2 with fasteners 13 such as nails and screws at a predetermined pitch (the eaves side fixing metal fittings 12A may be fixed after the eaves side parting edge 11A is attached in advance).

Then, the eaves base side of the eaves top plate 1 is inserted between the upper side portion 12a and the lower side portion 12b of the eaves side fixing metal fittings 12A, and the eaves side of the eaves top plate 1 is lifted, and the eaves side is The eaves side fixing metal fitting 6A is mounted on the eaves edge side of the eaves top plate 1 by being inserted between the upper support piece 6a and the lower side support piece 6b of the eaves side fixing metal fitting 6A. Further, the eaves edge side fixing bracket 6A is slid indoors, and the hanging piece 6c presses the end surface of the eaves edge side of the eaves top board 1 toward the eaves side, and the eaves top panel 1 is installed from the lower surface side of the eaves top board 1. The plate 1 and the upper support piece 6a are fastened to the ceiling joist 2 with fasteners 8 such as nails and screws.

Thereafter, the insertion portion 7d of the eaves edge 7A is inserted between the lower support piece 6b of the eaves edge fixing metal fitting 6A and the lower surface of the eaves top plate 1, and the eaves edge is adjusted while adjusting the insertion amount. The upper part 7a of the side cut edge 7A is fastened to a predetermined position of the fascia base 4 by fasteners 9 such as nails and screws.

In this way, in the eaves structure shown in FIG. and the upper support piece 6a are fastened to the ceiling joists 2 with fasteners 8 such as nails and screws, so that the eaves top plate 1 can be attached without rattling.

By pressing the eaves top plate 1 in the direction of the eaves side with the eaves edge fixing bracket 6A, even if the position of the eaves edge side fixing bracket 6A in the eaves projection direction changes, the insertion part 7d of the eaves edge side parting edge 7A can be retained. It is inserted between the lower support piece 6b of the eaves side fixing bracket 6A and the lower surface of the eaves top plate 1, and the upper part 7a of the eaves side parting edge 7A is adjusted to the predetermined position of the fascia base 4 while adjusting the insertion amount. By fastening in place with fasteners 9 such as nails and screws, the fasteners 8 of the eaves edge side fixing fitting 6A and the eaves edge side fixing fitting 6A itself can be hidden by the eaves edge side parting edge 7A. The beautiful appearance when worn is not damaged.

Next, FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the eave structure of the present invention. This embodiment is an example using an eaves-side parting edge 7B that is a modification of the eaves-side parting edge 7A of FIG. Parts common to the eaves-side parting edge 7A and the eaves-side parting edge 7B are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted. In addition, also in the following various examples, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to a common site|part, and the overlapping description is abbreviate|omitted.

The eaves-side parting edge 7B in FIG. 6 extends the folded portion folded upward from the outdoor end of the upper portion 7a to a position exceeding the upright portion 7c to the indoor side, and the indoor-side end of this extended portion is extended. , and is folded downward so as to reach the point through which the air current (arrow) from the vent 10 passes, and the end of the folded portion functions as a water return piece 7e to suppress the infiltration of rainwater into the eaves. ing.

In addition, inside the lower part 7b of the eaves side parting edge 7B, a thermal expansion fireproof material 15 that expands with heat during a fire is arranged so as to shield the vent 10 of the rising part 7c when expanded. . For example, the thermal expansion fireproof material 15 is formed in a tape shape, and is pasted in the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the lower part 7b of the eaves edge 7B and below the vent 10. ing.

FIG. 7 also shows an eaves-side parting edge 7C, which is another example of the eaves-side parting edge 7A used in the eaves structure of the present invention.

The eaves side parting edge 7C of FIG. 7 includes a hanging portion 7f provided downward at the outdoor end of the upper portion 7a and a second lower side extending the lower end of the hanging portion 7f toward the outdoor side. A second ventilation space is formed on the eaves side by a portion 7g and a third upright portion 7h that extends upward from the outdoor end portion of the second lower side portion 7g and contacts the fascia 14. A second vent 16 formed at 7f communicates with the outside of the eaves and improves the ventilation of the eaves.

8 also shows an eaves-side parting edge 7D, which is another example of the eaves-side parting edge 7A used in the eaves structure of the present invention, and further ventilates the eaves behind than the eaves-side parting edge 7C of FIG. are improving.

The eaves-side parting edge 7D in FIG. 8 extends the third rising portion 7h upward until it abuts against the lower surface of the fascia base 4, and the upper end of the third rising portion 7h is bent to the outside to form a fascia base. 4 is provided with a second upper portion 7i that abuts on the lower surface thereof. The second upper part 7i is fixed to the lower surface of the fascia base 4 by fasteners 17 such as nails or screws driven upward from the lower surface side of the fascia base 4. As shown in FIG.

A third ventilation port 18 is formed in the third upright portion 7h, and the third ventilation port 18 communicates the back of the eaves with the outside to improve the ventilation of the back of the eaves.

In addition, the eaves-side parting edge 7D is provided with a rising portion 7j having a fourth vent 19 between the eaves-side end of the lower portion 7b and the eaves-side end of the insertion portion 7d. there is

9 also shows an eaves-side parting edge 7E, which is another example of the eaves-side parting edge 7A used in the eaves structure of the present invention, and further ventilates the eaves behind than the eaves-side parting edge 7D of FIG. are improving.

The eaves-side parting edge 7E in FIG. 9 extends the lengths of the third upright part 7h and the hanging part 7f further downward than the eaves-side parting edge 7D to increase the ventilation space, thereby increasing the ventilation space behind the eaves. This is an example of improved ventilation.

Next, FIG. 10 shows an embodiment using an eaves side fixing metal fitting 12B which is a modification of the eaves side fixing metal fitting 12A. Similar to 12A, it has an upper portion 12a, a lower portion 12b, and an upright portion 12c connecting them, and has a substantially U-shaped cross section. An insertion hole 12d is provided. As shown in FIG. 11, the eaves side fixing bracket 12B in the embodiment of FIG. 10 is partially cut into both edge portions of the outdoor side end of the lower side portion 12b, and the substantially central portion protrudes upward. It is characterized in that an urging portion 12e having a spring property is formed in a chevron shape that is bent so as to do so. The hem side of the tip of the biasing portion 12e is substantially flush with the lower side portion 12b, and the biasing portion 12e is gradually pushed downward by the lower surface of the eaves top plate 1 to be inserted. become. The urging portion 12e is pushed by the lower surface of the eaves top plate 1 and bends downward, and pushes up the eaves top plate 1 in the direction of the upper portion 12a (thickness direction of the eaves top plate 1).

12 and 13 show an embodiment using an eaves side fixing metal fitting 12D which is a modification of the eaves side fixing metal fitting 12B shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 12 and 13, the eave base side fixing metal fitting 12D shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is provided with a biasing portion 21 for biasing the eaves top plate 1 toward the eaves side, as indicated by a two-dot chain line. The urging portion 21 is formed of a leaf spring, the central portion of which is crimped and fixed to the rising portion 12c, and the leaf spring is bent so as to approach the end surface of the eaves top plate 1 as the end side away from the central fixing position.

14 and 15 also show an embodiment using an eaves side fixing metal fitting 12E which is a modification of the eaves side fixing metal fitting 12B shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, the eaves side fixing bracket 12E has a mounting portion 23 in which the end portion of the upper portion 12a is bent upward. The mounting portion 23 is provided with a nail hole 24 for driving the fastener 13 into the ceiling joist 2. - 特許庁In addition, the edge of the eaves base side parting edge 11B used in this embodiment is bent upward at the end of the upper part so as to follow the mounting part 23, and the fastener 13 is driven into this bent part. there is

Next, FIGS. 16 to 28 show various joint metal fittings used to prevent the joints of the eaves top plates 1 adjacent in the width direction from shifting laterally, preventing sagging, and improving the fixing strength to the ceiling joists or the like. .

The joint fittings 30A shown in FIGS. 16 to 18 include a vertical plate portion 31 positioned at the abutting portion of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction, and a vertical plate portion 31 provided on both upper sides of the vertical plate portion 31 and adjacent in the width direction. A pair of upper surface plate portions 32 positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1 and female tongue portions 34 provided on both sides below the vertical plate portion 31 and formed on the end surfaces of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction are inserted. At least one of a pair of upper surface plate portions 32 positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction is fastened to the base of the ceiling joist 2 or the like with nails, screws, or the like. Fastened by fasteners 84 .

In the joint fitting 30A shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, one of the pair of upper surface plate portions 32 (on the left side in the drawing) positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction is fastened with a nail, screw, or the like. It is fixed to the substrate such as the joist 2 by means of a tool 84, and the fixed side is formed longer in the width direction than the other side to form an insertion hole 38 for the fastener 84. - 特許庁

In addition, the abutting portions of the eaves top plates 1 adjacent to each other in the width direction of FIG. ing.

As shown in FIG. 18, the joint metal fitting 30A is also used for joining the eaves top plate 1 in which the abutting portion of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction is straight and the female tongue portion 34 is formed at the butt end. be able to.

Next, a joint metal fitting 30B shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 is a modification of the joint metal fitting 30A shown in FIGS. It is characterized in that an urging portion 37 having a spring property is formed in a chevron shape by cutting a portion and bending so that a substantially central portion protrudes upward. The urging portion 37 prevents rattling between the insertion portion 35 of the joint fitting 30B and the female tongue portion 34, thereby preventing the joint portion of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction from sagging.

A joint metal fitting 30C shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 is a modification of the joint metal fitting 30B shown in FIGS. An urging portion 37 having a spring property is formed in a chevron shape, which is partially cut and bent so that the approximate central portion protrudes upward, and an insertion portion 35 that is inserted into the other female tongue portion 34 is formed. is characterized in that an urging portion 37 having spring properties is provided in the central portion so as to protrude upward in a bent chevron shape.

Next, the joint fitting 30D of FIGS. 23 and 24 consists of a fixing plate 39 fixed to the vertical surface of the ceiling joist 2 or the like, and an upper fixing plate 39 provided below the fixing plate 39 and positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1. It consists of a face plate 41 and a stopper portion 40 which is provided on the top face plate 41 and inserted into the abutting portions of the eaves top plates 1 adjacent in the width direction.

As shown in FIG. 23, this joint fitting 30D is made by inserting the stopper portion 40 into the abutting portion of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction, and then positioning the upper surface plate 41 on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1. By fixing the fixing plate 39 to the fascia base, the outer wall, or the vertical surface of the ceiling joist 2 with fasteners 85 such as nails and screws, it is possible to prevent the adjacent eaves top plates 1 from slipping laterally. A fixing plate 39 of the joint fitting 30D is formed with an insertion hole 42 for inserting a fastener 85 such as a nail or a screw.

Next, a joint metal fitting 30E in FIGS. 25 and 26 is a modification of the joint metal fitting 30D in FIGS. An upper surface plate 41 provided below the fixed plate 39 and positioned on the upper surface of the eaves top plate 1, and a stopper portion provided on the upper surface plate 41 and inserted into the abutting portion of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction. 40. In this joint fitting 30E, the top plate 41 and the stopper portion 40 are formed separately. The upper surface plate 41 has slits 43 that overlap upper surface grooves 36 provided at the abutting portions of the eaves ceiling plates that are adjacent in the width direction. The stopper portion 40 is composed of an engaging plate portion 44 that overlaps the upper surface of the upper surface plate 41 and a fitting portion 45 that is fitted into the upper surface groove 36 of the abutting portion of the adjacent eaves top plate 1 . The engaging plate portion 44 and the fitting portion 45 of the stopper portion 40 are formed by bending a plate material into a T shape.

As shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, the joint metal fitting 30E of FIGS. 25 and 26 has the slit 43 of the upper surface plate 41 inserted into the upper surface groove 36 provided at the abutting portion of the eaves top plate 1 adjacent in the width direction. In order to facilitate the alignment, it is preferable to provide the lower surface of the upper surface plate 41 with positioning projections 46 that engage with the upper surface grooves 36 of the abutting portions of the eaves top plates 1 adjacent in the width direction.

1: Eaves top plate 2: Roofing 2b: Lower side part 2c: Rising part 3: Eaves side support member 4: Fascia base 5: Eaves side support member 6A: Eaves side fixing bracket 6a: Upper support piece 6b: Bottom Side support piece 6c: Hanging pieces 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, 7E: Eaves edge side parting edge 7a: Upper part 7b: Lower part 7c: Rising part 7d: Insertion part 7e: Water return piece 7f: Hanging part 7g: Second lower side portion 7h: Third upright portion 7i: Second upper side portion 7j: Upright portions 8, 9, 13, 14, 17, 84, 85: Fastener 10: Air vents 11A, 11B: Eaves side parting Edge 11a: Upper portion 11b: Lower portion 11c: Rising portions 12A, 12B, 12D, 12E: Eaves side fixing bracket 12a: Upper portion 12b: Lower portion 12c: Rising portion 12d: Insertion holes 12e, 20, 21: Biasing portion 15 : Thermal expansion fireproof material 16 : Second vent 18 : Third vent 19 : Fourth vent 23 : Mounting portion 24 : Nail holes 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E : Joint fitting 31 : Vertical Plate portion 32 : Upper plate portion 34 : Female tongue portion 35 : Insertion portion 36 : Upper surface groove 37 : Biasing portion 38 : Insertion hole 39 : Fixed plate 40 : Stopper portion 41 : Upper plate 42 : Insertion hole 43 : Slit 44 : Engagement plate portion 45 : Fitting portion 46 : Positioning protrusion 201 : Spring piece 202 : Connecting portion 203 : Burring crimping portion 204 : Nail hole

Claims (16)

An eave structure in which the eaves base side of the eaves top plate is supported by the eaves base side support member on the joist or the outer wall via the eaves base side support member, and the eaves top plate side of the eaves top plate is supported on the joist base or the fascia base via the eaves base side support member. In the above, the eaves side support member is attached to an eaves side fixing bracket for fixing the eaves side of the eaves top plate to the fascia base or the joist, and to the fascia base or the joist covering the eaves side fixing bracket. The eaves fixing bracket comprises an upper support piece located on the upper surface of the eaves top plate, a lower support piece located on the lower surface of the eaves top plate, and the upper support piece and the lower support. and a hanging piece that connects the eaves top plate and faces the eaves edge side end surface of the eaves top plate and presses the eaves edge side end surface of the eaves top plate toward the eaves side, and the hanging piece connects the eaves top plate to the eaves edge side. With the side end face pressed toward the eaves side, the eaves top plate and the upper support piece are fastened to the fascia base or the joist from the lower surface side of the eaves top plate with fasteners such as nails and screws. , the eaves-side parting edge includes an upper part fastened to a fascia base or a joist, a lower part for hiding the eaves-side fixing bracket, and a raised part connecting the upper part and the lower part; The side portion extends toward the eaves beyond the eaves-side tip of the lower support piece of the eaves-edge-side fixing fitting and is folded back upward from the eaves-side to the eaves-edge side. An eaves structure characterized by comprising an insertion portion inserted between a lower support piece of an eaves edge side fixing bracket and a lower surface of an eaves roof plate. 2. The eaves structure according to claim 1, wherein a vent leading to the ceiling is provided in the raised part of the edge of the eaves side, and the raised part having this vent constitutes a ventilation wall. The upper part of the eaves side parting edge is provided with a folded part folded upward from the outdoor end, the folded part is extended to a position beyond the indoor side of the rising part, and the indoor end of the extended part faces downward. 3. The eaves structure according to claim 2, wherein the soffit is folded back into the soffit and the folded portion constitutes a water return piece. 3. A thermally expandable fireproof material that expands with heat during a fire is placed inside the lower part of the eaves side parting edge so as to block the vent of the upright portion when expanded. Eaves structure described in . A hanging part is provided at the outdoor side end of the upper part of the eaves side parting edge, and a second lower side part extending toward the outdoor side is provided at the lower end of the hanging part, and this second lower side part. A third raised portion abutting on the fascia is provided at the end on the outdoor side of the eaves side, a second vent is formed in the hanging portion, and the hanging portion, the second lower side portion, and the third raised portion form the eaves side The eaves structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a second ventilation space is formed in the eaves structure. The third rising portion is extended upward until it abuts on the lower surface of the fascia base, and the upper end of the third rising portion is bent to the outside to provide a second upper portion that abuts on the lower surface of the fascia base. 6. The eaves structure according to claim 5, wherein the second upper part is fixed to the lower surface of the fascia base, and the third upright part is formed with a third vent. 7. The eaves structure according to claim 6, wherein the lengths of the third rising portion and the drooping portion are extended downward more than the length of the rising portion. The eaves-side support member comprises an eaves-side parting edge and an eaves-side fixing metal fitting, and the eaves-side parting edge and the eaves-side fixing metal fitting are driven upward from the lower surface of the joists, such as nails and screws. The eaves structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the eaves structure is fixed to the ceiling joists by fasteners. The eave base side fixing bracket includes an upper part positioned above the eave base side of the eaves top plate, a lower part positioned below the eaves base side of the eaves top plate, and an upright part connecting them. 9. The eaves structure according to claim 8, which has a substantially U-shaped cross section and has an insertion hole in the upper part for inserting a fastener such as a nail or a screw. The eaves structure according to claim 9, wherein a biasing portion is provided on the upper surface of the lower portion of the eaves base side fixing bracket to push the eaves ceiling plate upward. The eaves structure according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein an urging portion for urging the eaves roof plate toward the eaves edge is provided on the upright portion of the eaves base fixing bracket. A joint metal fitting is provided at the joint portion of the eaves top plate adjacent in the width direction, and the joint metal fitting is provided on both sides of the vertical plate portion positioned at the butting portion of the eaves top plate adjacent in the width direction and on both upper sides of this vertical plate portion. a pair of upper surface plate portions positioned on the upper surfaces of the eaves top plates adjacent in the width direction; At least one of a pair of upper surface plate portions located on the upper surface of the eaves top plate adjacent in the width direction is fastened to a base such as a ceiling joist. 11. The eaves structure according to any one of items 1 to 10. 13. The eaves structure according to claim 12, wherein the inserting portion inserted into the female tongue portion is provided with a biasing portion that pushes up the eaves roof plate. Joint metal fittings are provided at the joints of the eaves top boards adjacent in the width direction, and the joint metal fittings consist of a fixing plate fixed to the vertical surface of the ceiling joists or the like, and a fixing plate provided below the fixing plate, and the upper surface of the eaves top plate. The eaves structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising an upper plate positioned at the upper plate and a stopper portion provided on the upper plate and inserted into abutting portions of the eaves ceiling plates adjacent in the width direction. . A joint metal fitting is provided at a joint portion of the eaves top plate adjacent in the width direction, and the joint metal fitting is provided below the fixing plate fixed to the vertical surface of the fascia base, the outer wall or the joist, and the fixing plate, It consists of an upper plate positioned on the upper surface of the eaves roof plate and a stopper part provided separately from the upper plate and inserted into the abutting portion of the eaves roof plate that is adjacent in the width direction, and the upper plate is positioned in the width direction. The stopper has a slit that overlaps the upper surface groove provided at the abutting portion of the eaves top plate adjacent to the upper surface groove, and the stopper is provided in the upper surface groove of the engaging plate portion overlapping the upper surface of the upper surface plate and the abutting portion of the adjacent eaves top plate , and a fitting portion that is fitted through the slit of the upper plate. 16. The eaves structure according to claim 15, wherein the lower surface of the upper surface plate is provided with a positioning projection that engages with an upper surface groove of abutting portions of the eaves roof plates that are adjacent in the width direction.

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