JP7229810B2 - brake device - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to braking equipment.

Conventionally, there has been known a braking device including a braking member that brakes a drum rotor that rotates integrally with a wheel, a backing plate that supports the braking member, and an electric actuator that is provided on the backing plate and operates the braking member. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2015-187463 A

In the brake device of Patent Document 1, for example, when the vehicle is parked and the vehicle moves forward or backward with deposits such as snow and ice on the inner peripheral surface of the wheel, the deposits that rotate together with the wheel come into contact with the electric actuator. There was a fear of it.

Therefore, one of the problems of the present disclosure is, for example, a novel brake that is less inconvenient, such that when the wheel rotates, it is possible to suppress the influence of the attached matter attached to the wheel from affecting the electric actuator. Get the equipment.

The brake device of the present disclosure includes, for example, a braking member that brakes the drum rotor by being pressed against the drum rotor that rotates integrally with the wheel, a backing plate that supports the braking member, and the backing plate provided with, an electric actuator for operating the braking member; and a first portion of the electric actuator that is closest to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the wheel. a protector stationary with respect to the plate. One of the electric actuator and the protector is arranged in front of the vehicle from the center of rotation of the wheel, and the other is arranged behind the center of rotation in the vehicle.

According to such a configuration, for example, when the wheel rotates, the protector can suppress the influence of the adhered matter adhering to the wheel on the electric actuator.

FIG. 1 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the braking device of the first embodiment from the rear of the vehicle. FIG. 2 is an exemplary and schematic front view from the outside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exemplary and schematic front view showing the operation of the braking member by the moving mechanism of the braking device of the first embodiment, in a non-braking state. FIG. 4 is an exemplary and schematic front view showing the operation of the braking member by the moving mechanism of the braking device of the first embodiment, in a braking state. FIG. 5 is an exemplary and schematic plan view of the braking device of the first embodiment from above the vehicle. FIG. 6 is an exemplary and schematic rear view of the brake device and wheel of the first embodiment from the inside in the vehicle width direction. FIG. 7 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the brake device of the first modified example from the rear of the vehicle. FIG. 8 is an exemplary and schematic front view of the braking device of the second modification from the outside in the vehicle width direction. FIG. 9 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the braking device of the second modification. FIG. 10 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the scraper of the braking device of the third modification from the front of the vehicle. FIG. 11 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the fourth modification. FIG. 12 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the braking device of the fourth modification from the front of the vehicle. FIG. 13 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the fifth modification. FIG. 14 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the braking device of the fifth modification from the rear of the vehicle. FIG. 15 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the sixth modification. FIG. 16 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the braking device of the sixth modification from the rear of the vehicle. FIG. 17 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the seventh modification. FIG. 18 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the second embodiment. FIG. 19 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the braking device of the second embodiment from the rear of the vehicle. FIG. 20 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the braking device of the eighth modification. FIG. 21 is an exemplary and schematic rear view from the inside in the vehicle width direction of the brake device of the ninth modification.

Exemplary embodiments and variations of the invention are disclosed below. The configurations of the embodiments and modifications shown below, and the actions and effects brought about by these configurations, are examples. The present invention can be realized by configurations other than those disclosed in the following embodiments and modifications. Moreover, according to the present invention, at least one of various effects (including derivative effects) obtained by the configuration can be obtained.

Also, the embodiments and variations disclosed below include similar components. Therefore, hereinafter, common reference numerals are given to those similar components, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. In this specification, ordinal numbers are used only to distinguish parts, members, regions, positions, directions, etc., and do not indicate order or priority.

Also, in each of the following figures, for convenience, three mutually orthogonal directions are defined. The direction X faces the front of the vehicle along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The direction Y is directed outward in the vehicle width direction along the vehicle width direction. The direction Z is along the vertical direction of the vehicle and faces upward of the vehicle. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the axial direction of the rotation center Ax of the wheel 1 is simply referred to as the axial direction, the radial direction of the rotation center Ax is simply referred to as the radial direction, and the circumferential direction of the rotation center Ax is referred to as the radial direction. simply referred to as the circumferential direction. The axial direction is along the vehicle width direction (direction Y). In the drawing, an arrow F pointing in one of the circumferential directions (clockwise direction in FIG. 2) is shown.

[First embodiment]
[Configuration of brake device]
1 is a side view of a braking device 2 for a vehicle according to the first embodiment from the vehicle rear side, FIG. 2 is a front view of the braking device 2 from the outside in the vehicle width direction, and FIG. 3 is a movement mechanism of the braking device 2. 4 is a front view showing the operation of the brake shoe 3 (braking member) by the moving mechanism 8 of the brake device 2, showing the operation of the brake shoe 3 (braking member) in a non-braking state. , in a braking state;

As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the brake device 2 includes a brake shoe 3, a backing plate 6, a moving mechanism 8, an electric actuator 100, and a scraper .

The braking device 2 is housed inside a peripheral wall 1a of a cylindrical wheel 1 (see FIGS. 1 and 6). The braking device 2 is a so-called drum brake. As shown in FIG. 2, the brake device 2 includes two brake shoes 3 spaced apart in the vehicle front-rear direction (direction X). The two brake shoes 3 extend in an arc shape along an inner peripheral surface 4a of a cylindrical drum rotor 4 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). The drum rotor 4 rotates integrally with the wheel 1 around the rotation center Ax. The brake device 2 moves two brake shoes 3 so as to come into contact with the inner peripheral surface 4a of the cylindrical drum rotor 4 . As a result, the friction between the brake shoes 3 and the drum rotor 4 brakes the drum rotor 4 and thus the wheel 1 . The brake shoe 3 is an example of a braking member.

The brake device 2 includes, as actuators for moving the brake shoes 3, a wheel cylinder 51 (see FIG. 2) operated by hydraulic pressure, and a motor 120 of the electric actuator 100 operated by energization. The wheel cylinder 51 and motor 120 can each move two brake shoes 3 . The wheel cylinder 51 is used, for example, for braking during running, and the motor 120 is used, for example, for braking during parking. That is, the brake device 2 is an example of an electric parking brake. Note that the motor 120 may be used for braking during running.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the backing plate 6 is formed in a disk shape that spreads across (perpendicular to) the axial direction, that is, the vehicle width direction (direction Y). A central portion of the backing plate 6 is provided with a through hole 6c along the rotation center Ax. As shown in FIG. 1 , the components of the brake device 2 are provided both on the vehicle width direction outer side and inner side of the backing plate 6 . The backing plate 6 supports each component of the brake device 2 directly or indirectly. The backing plate 6 is also called a support member or the like.

In addition, the backing plate 6 is connected to a connection member (not shown) with the vehicle body. The connecting member is, for example, part of the suspension (eg, arm, link, mounting member, etc.). Around the through hole 6c of the backing plate 6, a plurality of openings 6b used for coupling with connecting members are provided. The braking device 2 can be used for both driving wheels and non-driving wheels. When the brake device 2 is used for driving wheels, an axle (not shown) passes through the through hole 6 c of the backing plate 6 .

[Activation of brake shoe by wheel cylinder]
The wheel cylinder 51 and the brake shoe 3 shown in FIG. 2 are arranged outside the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction. The brake shoe 3 is movably supported by the backing plate 6 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower end 3a of the brake shoe 3 is supported by the backing plate 6 so as to be rotatable about the center of rotation C11. The center of rotation C11 is parallel to the center of rotation Ax of the wheel 1 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the wheel cylinder 51 is supported on the upper end of the backing plate 6. As shown in FIG. The wheel cylinder 51 has two movable parts (pistons), not shown, that can protrude in the vehicle front-rear direction (direction X). The wheel cylinder 51 protrudes two movable parts in response to pressurization. The two protruding movable parts push the upper end 3b of the brake shoe 3 respectively.

Due to the protrusion of the two movable parts, the two brake shoes 3 rotate about the rotation center C11 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and the upper ends 3b are separated from each other in the vehicle front-rear direction (direction X). Moving. As a result, the two brake shoes 3 move radially outward of the rotation center Ax of the wheel 1 . A strip-shaped lining 31 is provided along the cylindrical surface on the outer peripheral portion of each brake shoe 3 . Therefore, when the two brake shoes 3 move outward in the radial direction of the center of rotation Ax, the lining 31 and the inner peripheral surface 4a of the drum rotor 4 come into contact with each other, as shown in FIG. The friction between the lining 31 and the inner peripheral surface 4a brakes the drum rotor 4 and thus the wheel 1 (see FIG. 1).

The braking device 2 also includes a return member 32, as shown in FIG. The return member 32 moves the two brake shoes 3 from the braking position Psb (see FIG. 4) where the brake shoes 3 are in contact with the inner peripheral surface 4a to the inner peripheral surface 4a when the operation of pushing the brake shoes 3 by the wheel cylinder 51 is released. It is moved to a non-braking position Psn (initial position, see FIG. 3) where contact is not made. The return member 32 is, for example, an elastic member such as a coil spring. The return member 32 gives each brake shoe 3 a force in the direction of approaching the other brake shoe 3, that is, the force in the direction away from the inner peripheral surface 4a.

[Configuration of Moving Mechanism and Operation of Brake Shoe by Moving Mechanism]
The movement mechanism 8 moves the two brake shoes 3 from the non-braking position Psn (see FIG. 3) to the braking position Psb (see FIG. 4) based on the operation of the electric actuator 100 including the motor 120. The moving mechanism 8 is provided outside the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction (forward in the direction Y).

The moving mechanism 8 has a lever 81 , a cable 82 and a strut 83 . The lever 81 is provided, for example, between the brake shoe 3R of the two brake shoes 3 in front of the vehicle and the backing plate 6 so as to overlap the brake shoe 3R and the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction (direction Y). It is The lever 81 is rotatably supported by the brake shoe 3R around the rotation center C12. The center of rotation C12 is located at the upper end of the brake shoe 3R on the side away from the center of rotation C11. The rotation center C12 is parallel to the rotation center C11.

The cable 82 moves the lower end 81a of the lever 81 farther from the center of rotation C12 toward the brake shoe 3L on the rear side of the vehicle. Cable 82 moves substantially along backing plate 6 . Further, the strut 83 is interposed between the lever 81 and a brake shoe 3L different from the brake shoe 3R on which the lever 81 is supported, and stretches between the lever 81 and the different brake shoe 3L. A connection position P1 between the lever 81 and the strut 83 is set between the rotation center C12 and a connection position P2 between the end portion 82b of the cable 82 and the lever 81 . The cable 82 is also called an operating member or the like for moving the brake shoe 3 .

In the moving mechanism 8 having such a configuration, when the cable 82 is pulled toward the rear of the vehicle and the lever 81 moves toward the brake shoe 3L (arrow a), the lever 81 pulls the brake shoe 3L through the strut 83. Press (arrow b). As a result, the brake shoe 3L rotates from the non-braking position Psn (FIG. 3) about the rotation center C11 (arrow c in FIG. 4) and moves to the braking position Psb (FIG. 4) where it contacts the inner peripheral surface 4a. . In this state, the connection position P2 between the cable 82 and the lever 81 corresponds to the force point, the rotation center C12 corresponds to the fulcrum, and the connection position P1 between the lever 81 and the strut 83 corresponds to the action point.

Further, when the lever 81 moves in the direction of pushing the brake shoe 3L (arrow b) while the brake shoe 3L is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 4a, the strut 83 is stretched, and the lever 81 is moved to the connection position P1 with the strut 83. as a fulcrum, it rotates in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the lever 81, that is, clockwise in FIGS. 3 and 4 (arrow d). As a result, the brake shoe 3R rotates around the rotation center C11 from the non-braking position Psn (FIG. 3) and moves to the braking position Psb (FIG. 4) where it contacts the inner peripheral surface 4a of the drum rotor 4. In this manner, the operation of the moving mechanism 8 moves the brake shoes 3L, 3R from the non-braking position Psn to the braking position Psb. After the brake shoe 3L contacts the inner peripheral surface 4a, the connection position P1 between the lever 81 and the strut 83 serves as a fulcrum. The amount of movement of the brake shoes 3L and 3R is very small, for example, 1 mm or less.

[Electric actuator]
As shown in FIG. 1 , the electric actuator 100 is fixed to the backing plate 6 so as to protrude from the inner surface 6 a of the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction in the opposite direction to the brake shoes 3 . The electric actuator 100 has a case 110, a motor 120, a reduction mechanism 130, a motion converting mechanism 140, and a cable 82 (see FIG. 3). Electric actuator 100 pulls brake shoe 3 via cable 82 to move brake shoe 3 from non-braking position Psn (FIG. 3) to braking position Psb (FIG. 4). Cable 82 is also referred to as an actuating member or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1 , case 110 supports motor 120 , speed reduction mechanism 130 , and motion conversion mechanism 140 . Case 110 has lower case 112 , middle case 113 , first upper case 114 and second upper case 115 . These parts are integrated by means of fasteners such as screws and bolts, insert molding, and the like. Lower case 112 is made of, for example, a metal material such as an aluminum alloy. In this case, the lower case 112 can be manufactured by die casting, for example. The lower case 112 is also called a base, a body, or the like.

Middle case 113, first upper case 114, and second upper case 115 are made of, for example, a synthetic resin material. The motor 120 is housed in the first upper case 114 and covered by the walls of the first upper case 114 . Also, the motion conversion mechanism 140 and the reduction mechanism 130 are housed inside the second upper case 115 and covered by the wall portion of the second upper case 115 . Note that the configuration of the case 110 is not limited to this example.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first upper case 114 is positioned on one side of the second upper case 115 in the circumferential direction (F direction) and inward in the vehicle width direction. First upper case 114 and second upper case 115 are at least partially aligned in the circumferential direction. The second upper case 115 protrudes radially outward from the backing plate 6 more than the first upper case 114 does. That is, in the present embodiment, the radially outer end portion 115 a of the second upper case 115 is the position of the electric actuator 100 closest to the inner peripheral surface 1 a 1 of the wheel 1 . The end portion 115a is an example of a first portion.

[Scraper]
5 is a side view of the brake device 2 from above the vehicle, and FIG. 6 is a rear view of the brake device 2 and the wheel 1 from the inside in the vehicle width direction. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the scraper 7 is generally provided at a position shifted to one side in the circumferential direction (F direction) with respect to the end portion 115 a of the electric actuator 100 . The scraper 7 has a base 7a, fins 7b, and curved portions 7c. The scraper 7 is formed in an L shape, for example, by bending one strip-shaped member at one point (the curved portion 7c). The scraper 7 has a substantially L-shaped cross section that intersects the circumferential direction. The scraper 7 can be made of, for example, a metallic material such as a ferrous material. The scraper 7 can also be called a remover or a cutter.

The base 7a has a strip-like shape, has a substantially constant width in the circumferential direction (direction F), and extends substantially along the radial direction. That is, the base 7a extends substantially along the circumferential and radial directions, and intersects and is perpendicular to the vehicle width direction (axial direction). The base 7a is fixed to the inner surface 6a of the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction by welding, screws, or bolts. The fin 7b extends inward in the vehicle width direction from the radially outward end of the base 7a, that is, from the curved portion 7c. However, the fins 7b are inclined with respect to the axial direction and the radial direction so as to approach the inner peripheral surface 1a1 (see FIG. 1) of the wheel 1 radially outward as they extend inward in the vehicle width direction from the base 7a. there is Fins 7b may also be referred to as blades.

The fin 7b also has an outer surface 7d, an inner surface 7e, two edges 7f, and a tip portion 7g. The outer surface 7d is a surface facing radially outward of the fins 7b, and as shown in FIG. 6, faces the inner peripheral surface 1a1 with a gap therebetween. The inner surface 7e is a surface facing radially inward of the fin 7b, and faces at least a portion of the first upper case 114 of the electric actuator 100 with a gap therebetween. The edges 7f are both ends of the fin 7b in the circumferential direction and extend between the outer surface 7d and the inner surface 7e that are radially spaced apart from each other. The tip portion 7g is the inner end of the fin 7b in the vehicle width direction and extends between the outer surface 7d and the inner surface 7e and between the two edges 7f. Both of the two edges 7f extend in the vehicle width direction crossing the circumferential direction at positions spaced apart from the end portion 115a in the circumferential direction. The edge 7f is a circumferential end of the fin 7b.

As shown in FIG. 6, the fin 7b is positioned radially outward on one side in the circumferential direction (F direction) with respect to the end portion 115a of the electric actuator 100. As shown in FIG. The fins 7 b are positioned above the vehicle relative to the radially outer end portion 114 a of the first upper case 114 . In other words, the fins 7b cover at least a portion of the electric actuator 100 above the vehicle. The end portion 114a is an example of a second portion of the electric actuator 100 that is positioned furthest above the vehicle.

In FIG. 1, an imaginary body of rotation 70 around the center of rotation Ax of the fin 7b is indicated by a chain double-dashed line. As is clear from FIG. 1, the virtual rotating body 70 is positioned between the inner peripheral surface 1a1 and the end portion 115a. In this embodiment, as the wheel 1 rotates relative to the scraper 7, the fins 7b cut off deposits (not shown) adhering to the inner peripheral surface 1a1 of the wheel 1. FIG. When the deposit is cut along the fins 7b, a portion of the deposit radially inward of the virtual body of rotation 70 is cut away by the fins 7b (scraper 7), and the portion of the deposit is cut away from the virtual body of rotation 70. There is a possibility that the radially outer portion remains. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the virtual rotating body 70 is arranged between the inner peripheral surface 1a1 and the end portion 115a, in other words, the virtual rotating body 70 is arranged so as to cover the radially outer side of the end portion 115a. By arranging the , it is possible to suppress the contact of the electric actuator 100 with the deposits attached (remaining) on the inner peripheral surface 1 a 1 . Note that the fins 7b (virtual rotating body 70) are not limited to this example, and for example, may be provided at the same position as the end portion 115a in the radial direction of the wheel 1, that is, at a position aligned with the end portion 115a in the circumferential direction. good. Thus, the scraper 7 is an example of a protector that protects the electric actuator 100 from deposits rotating together with the wheel 1 .

1, the fin 7b extends inward in the vehicle width direction from the end portion 115a of the electric actuator 100. As shown in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, the distal end portion 7g of the virtual rotating body 70 of the fin 7b is positioned inward of the end portion 115a in the vehicle width direction. The end portion 115a is an example of an outer portion positioned more outward in the vehicle width direction than the end portion 1b and the end portion 115a located inward in the vehicle width direction of the peripheral wall 1a. Note that the fin 7b (virtual rotating body 70) is not limited to this example. more desirable.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the brake device 2 includes the scraper 7 (protector) provided in a stationary state with respect to the backing plate 6 , and the scraper 7 removes deposits adhering to the wheel 1 . is suppressed from affecting the electric actuator 100 . The scraper 7 as a whole is displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the end portion 115a (first portion). According to such a configuration, for example, compared to a configuration in which the scraper 7 and the end portion 115a are not displaced in the circumferential direction, the scraper 7 ( In particular, the arrangement space for the fins 7b) can be easily secured, and the scraper 7 can be easily secured on the backing plate 6, and the scraper 7 can be easily attached to and removed from the backing plate 6. be done.

Further, in this embodiment, for example, the scraper 7 has fins 7b having edges 7f and outer surfaces 7d, and a base 7a that supports the fins 7b. The edge 7f is one end of the fin 7b in the circumferential direction and extends in the vehicle width direction intersecting the circumferential direction, and the outer surface 7d faces the inner circumferential surface 1a1 with a gap therebetween. According to such a configuration, for example, when the wheel 1 to which the adhering matter adheres rotates, the adhering matter can be at least partially removed by relatively hitting the edge 7f of the fin 7b against the adhering matter. As a result, it is possible to prevent the electric actuator 100 from being affected by the adhering matter.

Further, in the present embodiment, for example, the fins 7b are provided so that the virtual rotating body 70 of the fins 7b around the rotation center Ax of the wheel 1 is positioned between the inner peripheral surface 1a1 and the end portion 115a. . If the virtual rotating body 70 is provided radially inwardly away from the inner peripheral surface 1a1 relative to the end portion 115a, the deposits adhering to the inner peripheral surface 1a1 are not removed by the fins 7b and are removed from the inner peripheral surface. There is a possibility that the deposits remaining on 1a1 may come into contact with the end portion 115a. In this regard, according to the present embodiment, since the virtual rotating body 70 is positioned between the inner peripheral surface 1a1 and the end portion 115a, for example, contact between the adhering matter and the end portion 115a and the electric actuator 100 is suppressed. can do.

Further, in the present embodiment, for example, the front end portion 7g of the imaginary rotating body 70 on the inner side in the vehicle width direction is positioned on the inner side in the vehicle width direction from the end portion 115a (outer portion). If the tip portion 7g were positioned further outward in the vehicle width direction than the end portion 115a, the deposits remaining on the inner peripheral surface 1a1 without being removed by the fins 7b would interfere with the end portion 115a. There is a risk that it will be lost. In this regard, according to the present embodiment, since the tip portion 7g is positioned radially with respect to the end portion 115a or positioned further inward in the vehicle width direction, for example, the adhering matter and the end portion 115a as well as the end portion 115a Contact with the electric actuator 100 can be suppressed.

Further, in this embodiment, the fins 7b are inclined with respect to the radial direction and the axial direction so as to approach the inner peripheral surface 1a1 as they go inward in the vehicle width direction from the base 7a. According to such a configuration, the length from the proximal end (base 7a) of the scraper 7 to the distal end 7g of the fin 7b is relatively small compared to the case where the fin 7b is provided parallel to the vehicle width direction. can be shortened.

Further, in the present embodiment, the fins 7b cover at least part of the electric actuator 100 above the vehicle. According to such a configuration, for example, when the wheel 1 is detached from the vehicle, contact between the wheel 1 and the electric actuator 100 can be suppressed by the fins 7b. In addition, in the present embodiment, the fins 7b are arranged above the end portion 114a (second portion) of the electric actuator 100, which is positioned most upward in the vehicle. can be obtained.

Moreover, the base 7a is fixed to the backing plate 6 in this embodiment. According to such a configuration, for example, the load input to the fins 7b can be released to the backing plate 6, so that it is possible to suppress the transmission of the impact due to the deposits to the motor 120 of the electric actuator 100 and the like.

[First modification]
FIG. 7 is a rear view of the brake device 2A of the first modified example of the first embodiment, viewed from the rear of the vehicle. 2 A of brake devices are provided with the structure similar to the brake device 2 of the said embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2A can obtain the same actions and effects as those of the above-described embodiment based on the same configuration.

However, in this modified example, as shown in FIG. 7, the tip portion 7g of the virtual rotating body 70 of the fin 7b is positioned inward in the vehicle width direction from the end portion 1b of the peripheral wall 1a in the vehicle width direction. is different from the above embodiment. In this modified example, the end portion 1b of the peripheral wall 1a is positioned further outward than the end portion 115a (first portion) of the electric actuator 100 in the vehicle width direction. Therefore, in this modified example, the fins 7b of the scraper 7A are arranged in a position radially aligned with the end portion 1b or are extended inwardly of the end portion 1b in the vehicle width direction, thereby suppressing an increase in the size of the fins 7b and Deposits adhering to the surface 1a1 can be efficiently removed. The end portion 1b is an example of an outer portion.

[Second modification]
FIG. 8 is a front view of a brake device 2B of a second modification of the first embodiment seen from the outside in the vehicle width direction, and FIG. 9 is a rear view of the brake device 2B seen from the inside in the vehicle width direction. The braking device 2B has the same configuration as the braking device 2 of the above embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2B can obtain actions and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment based on the similar configuration.

However, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, this modification differs from the above-described embodiment in that the scraper 7B is provided at a position shifted in the other circumferential direction with respect to the electric actuator 100. . A waterproof rib 61 interposed between the backing plate 6 and the hub of the wheel 1 is provided on the outer surface 6d (see FIG. 8) of the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction. The rib 61 protrudes outward in the vehicle width direction from the surface 6d and extends along the circumferential direction. The rib 61 is formed in a C shape or a U shape when viewed in the vehicle width direction (direction Y). In this modification, the base 7a of the scraper 7B is fixed at a position corresponding to the circumferential cut portion (notch, opening) of the rib 61 on the inner surface 6a of the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction (see FIG. 9). ing. As described above, according to this modification, the scraper 7B and the rib 61 can be prevented from interfering with each other. The scraper 7B can be attached to the backing plate 6 more easily.

[Third Modification]
FIG. 10 is an exemplary and schematic side view of the scraper 7C of the brake device 2C of the third modified example of the first embodiment from the front of the vehicle. 2 C of brake devices are provided with the structure similar to the brake device 2 of the said embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2C can obtain actions and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment based on the similar configuration.

However, this modification differs from the above embodiment in that a scraper 7C is attached to an electric actuator 100 as shown in FIG. Specifically, in this modification, the base 7a of the scraper 7C is fixed to the middle case 113 of the electric actuator 100 by welding, screws, or bolts. Since the electric actuator 100 is fixed to the inner surface 6a of the backing plate 6 (see FIGS. 1 and 12), the scraper 7C is provided stationary with respect to the backing plate 6. As shown in FIG. As described above, middle case 113 is a portion interposed between lower case 112 and first upper case 114 and second upper case 115, and does not accommodate motor 120 and the like. Therefore, according to this modification, for example, the load input to the fins 7b can be released to the middle case 113, so that it is possible to suppress the transmission of the impact due to the attached matter to the motor 120 of the electric actuator 100 and the like.

[Fourth Modification]
FIG. 11 is a rear view of a brake device 2D of a fourth modification of the first embodiment viewed from the inside in the vehicle width direction, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the brake device 2D viewed from the front of the vehicle. The braking device 2D has the same configuration as the braking device 2 of the above embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2D can obtain actions and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment based on the similar configuration.

However, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, this modification differs from the above embodiment in that the scraper 7D is attached between the backing plate 6 and the suspension arm 80 (see FIG. 12). there is In this modification, the base 7a (see FIG. 11) of the scraper 7D is provided with a through hole 7h aligned in the vehicle width direction with the through hole 6c of the backing plate 6 (see FIG. 13). is provided with an opening 6b (see FIG. 13) and a plurality of openings 7i aligned in the vehicle width direction. In this modification, the scraper 7D is attached to the backing plate 6 by engaging nuts with bolts inserted in the openings 6b and 7i and the openings provided in the end plate 80a of the suspension arm 80 (see FIG. 12). and is fixed together with the suspension arm 80 . Thus, in this modification, the scraper 7D is sandwiched between the backing plate 6 and the suspension arm 80, so that the load input to the fins 7b is applied to the backing plate 6 and the suspension arm 80, for example. Each can escape. Suspension arm 80 is an example of a connection member with the vehicle body.

[Fifth Modification]
FIG. 13 is a rear view of the brake device 2E of the fifth modification of the first embodiment as seen from the inside in the vehicle width direction, and FIG. 14 is a side view of the brake device 2E as seen from the rear of the vehicle. The braking device 2E has the same configuration as the braking device 2 of the above embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2E can obtain actions and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment based on the similar configuration.

However, this modified example differs from the above embodiment in that a scraper 7E is attached between the backing plate 6 and the electric actuator 100, as shown in FIGS. In this modification, the base 7a of the scraper 7E is fixed to the surface 6a of the backing plate 6 and the lower case 112 by, for example, welding, screws, or bolts. Thus, in this modification, since the scraper 7E is sandwiched between the backing plate 6 and the lower case 112, for example, the load input to the fins 7b is applied to the backing plate 6 and the lower case 112 (metal member). ).

[Sixth Modification]
FIG. 15 is a rear view of the brake device 2F of the sixth modification of the first embodiment as seen from the inside in the vehicle width direction, and FIG. 16 is a side view of the brake device 2F as seen from the rear of the vehicle. The braking device 2F has the same configuration as the braking device 2 of the above embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2F can obtain actions and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment based on the similar configuration.

However, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, this modification differs from the above embodiment in that the circumferential width of the fins 7b of the scraper 7F is smaller than the circumferential width of the base 7a. are doing. In this modification, the base 7a is wider in the circumferential direction than the fins 7b in order to secure the fixing strength, and a plurality of welded portions 7k (welded points) as fixing points are provided scattered in the circumferential direction. It is The fin 7b is provided at the center position of the base 7a in the circumferential direction, and is arranged so as to be positioned above the rotation center Ax of the wheel 1 on the vehicle. In this modification, the scraper 7F has a symmetrical shape with respect to a virtual plane of symmetry 200 perpendicular to the axial direction passing through the center of the scraper 7F in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the scraper 7F is configured to be shared by the left and right wheels 1 of the vehicle. In this modified example, the base 7a is fixed to the surface 6a of the backing plate 6 by spot welding, but the present invention is not limited to this example. good too.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the base 7a is provided with a plurality of openings 7r between the fins 7b and the welded portions 7k as fixing points. The opening 7r can also be referred to as a lightening portion, a lightening portion, or the like. That is, the weight of the scraper 7F is reduced by the opening 7r. The openings 7r are provided on both left and right sides with respect to the virtual plane of symmetry 200 . According to this modification, for example, when the wheel 1 is detached from the vehicle, the load input to the fin 7b can be easily distributed to the plurality of welded portions 7k, and stress can be applied to a specific welded portion 7k (fixed point). As a result, there is an advantage that the durability of fixation is improved. That is, if the scraper 7F does not have the opening 7r, the load input to the fin 7b is first linearly directed along the plate surface toward the nearest welded portion 7k among the plurality of welded portions 7k (fixed points). As a result, the stress tends to concentrate on the welded portion 7k. On the other hand, if the openings 7r exist as in the present embodiment, the load input to the fins 7b is transmitted around the openings 7r, and as a result, the load tends to be dispersed over the plurality of welded portions 7k. In addition, since the rigidity of the base 7a is reduced due to the presence of the openings 7r, the external force applied to the fins 7b is buffered and transmitted to the welded portions 7k, which also contributes to the suppression of stress concentration.

[Seventh Modification]
FIG. 17 is a rear view of the braking device 2G of the seventh modified example of the first embodiment, viewed from the inside in the vehicle width direction. The braking device 2G has the same configuration as the braking device 2 of the above embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2G can obtain the same actions and effects as those of the above-described embodiment based on the same configuration.

However, as shown in FIG. 17, this modification differs from the above embodiment in that the scraper 7G and the electric actuator 100 are arranged in the front-rear direction with the rotation center Ax of the wheel 1 therebetween. . In this modification, the electric actuator 100 is positioned rearward of the rotation center Ax, whereas the scraper 7G is positioned forward of the rotation center Ax. According to such a configuration, for example, compared to the case where both the scraper 7G and the electric actuator 100 are positioned in front of the rotation center Ax or positioned behind the rotation center Ax, the weight in the front and rear of the backing plate 6 is reduced. Advantages such as improved balance and easier attachment and detachment of the scraper 7G and the electric actuator 100 are obtained. 17, that is, a layout in which the electric actuator 100 is positioned forward of the rotation center Ax and the scraper 7G is positioned rearward of the rotation center Ax, the same effect can be obtained. can get.

[Second embodiment]
FIG. 18 is a rear view of the braking device 2H of the second embodiment from the inside in the vehicle width direction, and FIG. 19 is a side view of the braking device 2H from the rear of the vehicle. The braking device 2H has the same configuration as the braking device 2 of the above embodiment. Therefore, the braking device 2H can obtain actions and effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment based on the similar configuration.

However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the brake device 2H is provided with barriers 7H1 and 7H2 as protectors instead of the scrapers 7 to 7G. The barriers 7H1 and 7H2 prevent deposits (not shown), such as snow and ice, that adhere to the wheel 1 and rotate together with the wheel 1 from hitting the electric actuator 100. As shown in FIG.

The barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are each fixed to the backing plate 6 and are stationary with respect to the backing plate 6. As shown in FIG. The barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are made of metal material such as ferrous material. The barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are made by pressing or bending a plate material, for example. Moreover, the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are fixed to the inner surface 6a of the backing plate 6 in the vehicle width direction by welding, screws, and bolts.

As shown in FIG. 18, the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are arranged circumferentially away from the electric actuator 100 as a whole when viewed from the vehicle width direction inner side (axial direction). The barrier 7H1 is separated from the electric actuator 100 in the counterclockwise direction around the rotation center Ax, and the barrier 7H2 is separated from the electric actuator 100 in the clockwise direction around the rotation center Ax.

The barriers 7H1 and 7H2 extend axially (inwardly in the vehicle width direction) from the backing plate 6, as shown in FIG. The inner end portion 7n in the vehicle width direction is positioned further inward in the vehicle width direction than the end portions 114a and 115a.

18 and 19, the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 have projections 7m projecting in a direction crossing the axial direction (vehicle width direction). The convex portion 7m forms a ridge line 7m1 extending in the axial direction and sharpened in a direction intersecting the axial direction. Moreover, the convex portion 7m and the ridgeline 7m1 of the barrier 7H2 protrude in the circumferential direction. In addition, the ridge line 7m1 does not need to be completely along the axial direction, and may be inclined with respect to the axial direction. Moreover, the ridgeline 7m1 extends in a direction intersecting with the surface 6a of the backing plate 6. As shown in FIG. The ridge line 7m1 can also be called an edge. The convex portion 7m can also be called a bent portion or a protruding portion.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the brake device 2H has the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 (protectors), and the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are formed by attachments (not shown) that rotate together with the wheel 1 to the electric actuator. This is an example of a protector that prevents hitting 100. FIG. That is, according to the present embodiment as well, it is possible to prevent the electric actuator 100 from being affected by the deposits adhering to the wheel 1 .

Further, in this embodiment, the entire barriers 7H1 and 7H2 are displaced from the electric actuator 100 in the circumferential direction. According to such a configuration, for example, an operator such as a person or a robot, with one of the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 and the electric actuator 100 attached, faces or attaches the other to the attachment position of the other. Since the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 and the electric actuator 100 can be moved in the axial direction from the position, the attachment and detachment of the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 and the electric actuator 100 can be performed more easily, and the process of assembling the brake device 2 including the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 and the electric actuator 100 can be simplified. Advantages such as an increased degree of freedom and reduced labor and cost required for manufacturing and maintenance of the brake device 2 can be obtained.

In addition, in this embodiment, the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 have projections 7m projecting in a direction intersecting the axial direction. With such a configuration, the section modulus is higher than, for example, a flat barrier without the protrusion 7m, and thus the rigidity and strength are higher. It is less likely to be deformed or damaged even when pressed.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the convex portion 7m protrudes in a direction away from the end portions 114a and 115a. If the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 have recesses that are recessed toward the ends 114a and 115a, there is a risk that deposits that rotate together with the wheel 1 will accumulate in the recesses. In this respect, the protrusions 7m projecting away from the ends 114a and 115a can prevent the barriers 7H1 and 7H2 from accumulating deposits rotating together with the wheel 1, for example.

Further, the barrier 7H2 has a ridge line 7m1 extending in the axial direction and protruding in the circumferential direction. The ridgeline 7m1 can break the attached matter that rotates together with the wheel 1 . Therefore, according to such a configuration, for example, the barrier 7H2 can also function as a scraper whose edge is the ridge line 7m1. can do. The outer surface (end surface) of the ridgeline 7m1 may be sharply pointed or curved with a relatively small radius of curvature.

[Eighth Modification and Ninth Modification]
20 and 21 are rear views of brake devices 2I and 2J of eighth and ninth modifications of the second embodiment, as seen from the inside in the vehicle width direction. Like the barrier 7I shown in FIG. 20 and the barrier 7J shown in FIG. 21, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 7m may be curved, U-shaped, or other shapes not shown. may be The specifications of the brake devices 2I and 2J other than the cross-sectional shapes of the barriers 7I and 7J and the projection 7m are the same as those of the second embodiment. Even with such a configuration, for example, compared to a flat barrier without the protrusion 7m, the section modulus is higher, the rigidity and strength are higher, and the barrier is not deformed even when pushed by an attached object rotating together with the wheel 1. or damaged. Moreover, although not shown, the barriers 7I and 7J may be arranged only on one side of the electric actuator 100 in the circumferential direction.

Although the embodiments and modifications of the present invention have been illustrated above, the above-described embodiments and modifications are examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The above embodiments and modifications can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, combinations, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, specifications such as each configuration and shape (structure, type, direction, format, size, length, width, thickness, height, number, arrangement, position, material, etc.) may be changed as appropriate. can be implemented.

For example, although the scraper is provided only on one side of the electric actuator in the circumferential direction, it is not limited to this, and the scraper may be provided on one side and the other side of the electric actuator in the circumferential direction.

Moreover, the invention of the embodiment may have the following technical features.
[8]
In the brake device, the fin covers at least part of the electric actuator above the vehicle.
[9]
The fin is arranged above a second portion of the electric actuator that is positioned most upwardly of the vehicle.
[10]
The base is secured to the backing plate.
[11]
The convex portion has a ridge extending in the axial direction and protruding in the circumferential direction.

Reference Signs List 1 wheel 1a peripheral wall 1a1 inner peripheral surface 1b end (outer portion) 2, 2A to 2J brake device 3 brake shoe (braking member) 4 drum rotor 6 backing plate , 7, 7A to 7G... scraper (protector), 7H1, 7H2, 7I, 7J... barrier (protector), 7a... base, 7b... fin, 7d... outer surface, 7f... edge, 7g... tip, 7m... convex part , 70... Virtual rotor, 100... Electric actuator, 114a... End (second part), 115a... End (first part, outer part), Ax... Rotation center, F... Circumferential direction, Y... Vehicle width direction (axial).

Claims (8)

a braking member that brakes the drum rotor by being pressed by the drum rotor that rotates integrally with the wheel;
a backing plate that supports the braking member;
an electric actuator provided on the backing plate for operating the braking member;
a protector that is entirely displaced in the circumferential direction of the wheel with respect to a first portion of the electric actuator that is closest to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the wheel and is stationary with respect to the backing plate;
with
A braking device, wherein one of the electric actuator and the protector is arranged in front of the vehicle with respect to the center of rotation of the wheel, and the other is arranged behind the center of rotation in the vehicle. 2. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein, as said protectors, two protectors are arranged on both sides of said first portion in said circumferential direction. 3. The brake device according to claim 1, wherein said protector is a barrier having a projection projecting in said circumferential direction. The protector includes a fin having an edge as one end in the circumferential direction that intersects the circumferential direction and extends in the vehicle width direction and an outer surface that faces the inner circumferential surface with a gap therebetween, and supports the fin. Brake equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a scraper, having a base for: The fins have a virtual rotating body of the fins around the center of rotation of the wheel positioned between the inner peripheral surface and the first portion, or at the same position as the first portion in the radial direction of the wheel. 5. A braking device according to claim 4, provided. The inner front end portion of the virtual rotating body in the vehicle width direction includes the inner end portion of the peripheral wall in the vehicle width direction and the outer portion located further outward in the vehicle width direction than the first portion. 6. The brake device according to claim 5, which is arranged in the radial direction of the wheel or positioned inward of the outer portion in the vehicle width direction. 7. Of claims 4 to 6, wherein the fins are inclined with respect to the radial direction of the wheel and the axial direction of the wheel so as to approach the inner peripheral surface as it goes inward in the vehicle width direction from the base. A braking device according to any one of the preceding claims. 8. The electric actuator and the protector according to claim 1, wherein the electric actuator and the protector are arranged at point-symmetrical positions with respect to the rotation center of the wheel when viewed in the direction of the rotation center axis of the wheel. braking device.

Images