JP7250262B2 - INDOOR SPACE DESIGN EVALUATION SYSTEM AND INDOOR SPACE DESIGN EVALUATION METHOD - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an indoor space design evaluation system and an indoor space design evaluation method for evaluating the color design of an indoor space with lighting by measuring the cerebral blood flow of a subject, and is particularly used for evaluating the color design of the interior space of a railway vehicle. It is about a technology that is effective as a

Spatial color design has been one of the important elements in designing architectural structures such as railway stations and commercial facilities. Although there are many methods for objectively classifying colors, the amount of data to be processed is large, and it is difficult to maintain uniformity of evaluation among evaluation targets. Therefore, conventionally, there is a technique of performing color analysis of a photographed image using a computer.
However, the impression of color design is subjective to the person who sees the design, and there is a problem that quantitative evaluation is difficult. Therefore, based on the questionnaire results, the correlation between the feature amount related to the image and the subjective parameter related to the modifier indicating various images is obtained in advance, and based on the feature amount of the image to be evaluated, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which an evaluation value is calculated for an evaluation term that has been identified.

JP 2015-22533 A JP 2018-86926 A

Many of the spatial design evaluation techniques that have been implemented so far are subjectively evaluated by questionnaire surveys, etc., and there is a problem that it is difficult to objectively evaluate preference.
Therefore, in designing the color design of the space, in order to adopt a color design that matches the concept of the designer and the senses of many users, the evaluation and advice of experts are necessary, and it takes time and effort. I had a problem.
In this regard, although the technique described in Patent Document 1 can objectively evaluate the color design, it does not take into consideration the lighting unique to the room, so it cannot give a good evaluation of the indoor space design.

In addition, when evaluating the color design of the interior space of railroad cars and buses, physical effects on the body such as vibration, shaking, acceleration and deceleration, and noise from the car affect the psychological state of passengers. There is a risk that the impression of the design will be different from when it is still. Therefore, it is difficult to apply the invention of Patent Document 1 as it is, and there is a problem that evaluation reflecting the psychological state of a person in a vehicle cannot be performed.

On the other hand, conventionally, as a method of evaluating comfort such as riding comfort of a railway vehicle, a questionnaire survey on comfort is conducted for subjects on the train, and the responses are collected, analyzed and evaluated. However, the answers obtained from questionnaire surveys are subjective and do not necessarily match the objective comfort felt by the brain. Research is also underway to determine whether

For example, in Patent Document 2, by obtaining cerebral blood flow data using optical topography and grasping the state of brain activity, the degree of comfort felt by passengers in railway vehicles and changes in comfort over time can be determined. , discloses inventions relating to a railway comfort evaluation method and a railway comfort evaluation device that enable accurate evaluation based on continuous objective data. However, the technique described in Patent Literature 2 is a method for evaluating comfort such as riding comfort of a railway vehicle, and cannot be applied as it is to evaluation of the color design of the vehicle interior space.

The present invention was made against the above background, and the object thereof is to provide an indoor space capable of evaluating the color design of a comfortable indoor space in consideration of the lighting color and the coloring of indoor equipment. It is to provide a design evaluation system and an interior space design evaluation method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an interior space design evaluation system and an interior space design evaluation method capable of evaluating the color design of the interior space of a vehicle in consideration of the discomfort and stress felt by the passengers of the vehicle. It is in.

In order to solve the above problems, the indoor space design evaluation system of the present invention includes:
an image display device for presenting a subject with a plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated;
a brain activity measuring device that is attached to the subject's head and is capable of measuring cerebral blood flow;
an operation terminal device that generates cerebral blood flow data based on the cerebral blood flow measured by the brain activity measuring device;
data analysis means for calculating information that contributes to the evaluation of indoor space design based on the cerebral blood flow data generated by the operation terminal device;
An indoor space design evaluation system comprising a simulator device capable of simulating an environment related to vibration and/or noise in a space to be evaluated ,
The brain activity measuring device is configured to be able to measure cerebral blood flow in the forehead of a subject,
The interior space color design is an interior space color design of a railway vehicle,
The plurality of images related to the indoor space color design are images composed of a combination of a plurality of lighting color temperatures and the colors of indoor equipment of a plurality of color systems,
The data analysis means
Based on the cerebral blood flow data of the subject measured by the brain activity measurement device while a plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated are presented while the subject is being stimulated by the simulator device An index relating to stress is calculated for each image, and preference for the color design of the vehicle interior space is evaluated based on the calculated index for each image .

It is known that the human brain has regions that become active when emotions such as empathy and cooperation are felt, that is, regions that increase cerebral blood flow. According to the indoor space design evaluation system having the configuration described above, the brain activity feature amount is extracted from the cerebral blood flow data of the subject for each presented image, and the preference for the indoor space color design is evaluated. Therefore, it is possible to objectively evaluate the preference for indoor space color design without relying on questionnaire surveys.
Further, according to the above means, the cerebral blood flow of the subject measured while an image related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated is presented while the subject is being stimulated by vibration, noise, etc. by the simulator device. In order to calculate stress-related indicators based on the data and evaluate preferences for interior space color design based on the calculated indicators, it is necessary to consider the discomfort and stress inflicted on passengers by running vehicles, The color design of the space can be evaluated, and the evaluation accuracy is improved.

Here, the brain activity measuring device has a configuration capable of measuring cerebral blood flow in the forehead of the subject,
The data analysis means
Calculating the average value and standard deviation of the brain activity feature values of all subjects for each combined image of lighting color temperature and indoor equipment coloring,
From the calculated standard deviation, the brain activity score of each image is calculated by the following formula: brain activity score = [(individual brain activity feature quantity) - (mean value of brain activity feature quantity for each subject)]
÷ (standard deviation of brain activity feature amount for each subject)
, and the images are ranked in descending order of brain activity score. The brain activity feature amount includes a peak value, an integral value, and the like of cerebral blood flow data in the forehead of the subject.

According to the above means, based on the cerebral blood flow data, the difference between the "individual brain activity feature amount" and the "average value of the brain activity feature amount for each subject" is taken, and the standard deviation of the brain activity feature amount for each subject is In order to calculate the brain activity score based on the average of the brain activity feature values that differ for each subject and to consider the variation (standard deviation), the preference for the presented indoor space color design can be objectively evaluated. It can be evaluated numerically.

Further, desirably, the index is expressed by the following formula, where R is the cerebral blood flow on the right side of the subject's frontal region and L is the cerebral blood flow on the left side of the subject's frontal region: stress brain index=(R−L)/(R+L)
The stress brain index defined by
According to the above means, since the preference for the color design of the interior space of the vehicle is evaluated based on the stress brain index representing the difference in cerebral blood flow between the left and right frontal regions of the subject, the evaluation can be made objectively.

Alternatively, the index is the average value of brain activity in the forehead while the subject is performing the spatial working memory task /Xs, and the brain activity in the forehead while performing the verbal working memory task The average value of the values is /Xv, the unbiased estimates of the population variances when performing the spatial working memory task and the verbal working memory task are σ ² s and σ ² v, respectively, and the spatial working memory task and the verbal Mood brain index=(/Xs-/Xv)/√[(σ ² s/ns)+(σ ² v/nv)]
The mood brain index defined by
According to the above means, the preference for the interior space color design is evaluated based on the mood brain index obtained from the cerebral blood flow in the forehead of the subject while the working memory task is being performed. can be evaluated with high accuracy.

Further, preferably, the plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated, which are presented while the simulator device is stimulating the subject, are virtual reality images developed for those having a large brain activity score. and
As a result, we present the interior color design to the subjects in a state close to reality, measure the cerebral blood flow in the head, and evaluate the preference for the interior color design based on the calculated brain index. It is possible to perform accurate and accurate evaluation.

Further, another invention according to the present application is
an image display device for presenting a subject with a plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated;
a brain activity measuring device that is attached to the subject's head and is capable of measuring cerebral blood flow;
A design evaluation method in an indoor space design evaluation system comprising: data analysis means for calculating information that contributes to evaluation of an indoor space design based on the cerebral blood flow measured by the brain activity measuring device;
While the image display device sequentially presents to the subject a plurality of images composed of a combination of a plurality of lighting color temperatures and a plurality of color system colors of indoor equipment related to indoor space color design, the brain activity measurement device measures the brain of the subject. a measurement step of measuring blood flow;
a data generating step of generating cerebral blood flow data from the cerebral blood flow measured in the measuring step;
a feature amount extraction step of extracting a brain activity feature amount from the cerebral blood flow data of the subject for each image presented by the image display device;
Calculate the average value and standard deviation of the brain activity feature amount of all subjects for each combination image of lighting color temperature and room equipment coloring, and use the following formula: brain activity score = [(individual brain activity feature amount) - (brain activity of each subject feature value)]
÷ (standard deviation of brain activity feature amount for each subject)
a brain activity score calculation step of calculating a brain activity score using
an evaluation step of evaluating preference for the indoor space color design based on the brain activity score ;
The interior space color design is an interior space color design of a railway vehicle,
In the measuring step, the plurality of images are sequentially presented while a stimulus simulating railroad vehicle vibration and/or noise is applied to the subject.

According to the above method, it is possible to objectively evaluate the preference for the indoor space color design without using a questionnaire survey, and to evaluate the preference for the presented indoor space color design with an objective numerical value. .
In addition, in the measurement step, the plurality of images are sequentially presented while stimuli simulating railroad vehicle vibration and/or noise are given to the subject, so that realistic and highly accurate evaluation can be performed. .

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the system and method which can evaluate the color design of comfortable indoor space in consideration of the lighting color and the coloring of indoor equipment can be provided. Furthermore, there is an effect that it is possible to evaluate the color design that realizes a comfortable interior space, taking into consideration the discomfort and stress that the traveling vehicle gives to the passengers.

1 is a system configuration diagram showing the configuration of a vehicle interior space design evaluation system as one embodiment of an interior space design evaluation system according to the present invention; FIG. (A) is a diagram showing the usage state of the brain activity measuring device constituting the indoor space design evaluation system of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and the relationship between the brain activity measuring device and the operation terminal device; It is a figure which shows an inner structure. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of each device when the indoor space design evaluation system of FIG. 1 is applied to design evaluation processing; FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an example of a processing procedure of a design evaluation method using the indoor space design evaluation system according to the present invention; FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a time schedule for an experiment in which images of interior space design are displayed in order and brain activity is measured. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an image presented to a subject, which is composed of a combination of a plurality of lighting color temperatures and a plurality of colors of in-vehicle equipment. (A) and (B) are graphs showing changes in cerebral blood flow when subjects A and B viewed images 1 and 2. FIG. (A) is a diagram showing the averaged brain activity score for lighting color temperature of all subjects, and (B) is the averaged brain activity score for interior equipment coloring of all subjects. FIG. 7 shows average values of brain activity scores of all subjects for each image obtained by presenting 24 images of FIG. 6 ; FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of arrangement|positioning of each apparatus in a laboratory at the time of performing design evaluation of the 2nd stage using each apparatus which comprises the vehicle interior space design evaluation system of embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a VR image used in the evaluation process of the second stage; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing changes over time in a stress brain index (median of all subjects) based on cerebral blood flow data of subjects measured while displaying VR images. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing mood brain indexes calculated based on measurement data obtained by giving a WM task.

An embodiment in which an interior space design evaluation system and an interior space design evaluation method according to the present invention are applied to the evaluation of the color design of the interior space of a railway vehicle will be described with reference to the drawings.
The vehicle interior space design evaluation system and the vehicle interior space design evaluation method according to the present embodiment objectively evaluate the comfort and discomfort that the adopted vehicle space design gives to the subject through vision when designing the color design of the interior space of a railway vehicle. It is what makes it possible. Furthermore, the present invention makes it possible to objectively evaluate, as the second stage evaluation, the comfort and discomfort that the interior space design to be adopted will give to passengers riding in the running vehicle. It is.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one configuration example of a vehicle interior space design evaluation system according to this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship with an apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle interior design evaluation system 10 in this embodiment comprises a brain activity measurement device 11, an operation terminal device 12, a data collection and analysis device 13, a monitor device 14, and a display control device 15. ing. The brain activity measuring device 11 is configured as a portable device that is worn on the head H of the subject, as shown in FIG. 2(A). Further, the operation terminal device 12 is configured using a small portable terminal such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal device, and the data collection and analysis device 13 and the display control device 15 each include an arithmetic processing device such as a CPU, a RAM and a ROM. It is composed of a data processing device such as a personal computer including a storage device such as the above, an input operation section, a display section, and the like.

Among the devices constituting the system of FIG. 1, the brain activity measuring device 11 and the operation terminal device 12 for operating it are connected by a short-range wireless system such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), wireless LAN, infrared communication, or the like. , the operation terminal device 12 and the data collection and analysis device 13 are connected via a wireless communication network 16 linked based on protocols such as TCP/IP and HTTP, and the monitor device 14 and the display control device 15 are connected by cables or wires. They are connected via a LAN (Local Area Network) 17 .

The brain activity measuring device 11 in this embodiment incorporates a blood flow sensor composed of a light source capable of emitting weak near-infrared light and a photodetector in a headset-type main body worn on the head. , for example, brain activity is measured using optical topography technology, which is a brain activity measurement technology using light in a wavelength band called near-infrared light near 800 nm. Specifically, it has a function of measuring the cerebral blood flow in the cerebral cortex by means of a light source and a light receiving sensor, which are light detectors, placed at predetermined intervals on the forehead corresponding to the cerebral cortex when worn.

The reason why near-infrared light is used is that near-infrared light is highly permeable to human tissue, but is absorbed by hemoglobin. Since cranial nerve activity requires oxygen and glucose, hemoglobin in the bloodstream to areas of active brain activity increases and the transmittance of near-infrared light decreases. The brain activity measuring device 11 can visualize the state of brain activity, such as which part of the brain is active, by measuring the amount of change in the transmittance of this near-infrared light.
Brain activity measurement technology includes electroencephalogram measurement and magnetic resonance, but optical topography technology can be realized with a small headset-type device, so it is less burdensome for the subject and can be measured in an environment close to everyday life. becomes.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the brain activity measuring device 11 in this embodiment is attached to the subject's head H, and is configured to be capable of data communication with a smart phone as the operation terminal device 12 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the brain activity measuring device 11 according to the present embodiment has a pair of blood flow sensors BS1 and BS2 movably or detachably attached to the left and right inner sides of the headset main body 11A. there is An attachment portion 11B to which a blood flow sensor can be attached is provided in the center inside of the headset main body 11A. It is configured so that it can be moved to perform measurement.

In this embodiment, the data collection and analysis device 13 calculates the peak value, average value, integral value, etc. of the measurement data (cerebral blood flow data representing brain activity of the subject) received from each operation terminal device 12, It has a function of calculating a stress brain index indicating the stress level felt by the brain based on the cerebral blood flow data. As for brain activity, it is known that the higher the stress of the subject, the greater the response on the right side of the brain, and the lower the stress on the subject, the greater the response on the left side of the brain.
The stress brain index (Stress Brain Index) is an index obtained from the left-right difference in brain activity in the frontal region. When "L" is used, it can be defined by the following formula (1).
Stress brain index = (R - L) / (R + L) (1)

In addition, the data collection and analysis device 13 of the present embodiment uses the measurement data (cerebral blood flow data representing brain activity of the subject) received from each operation terminal device 12 as an index for estimating the subject's mood. It has the function of calculating brain indexes. Here, the mood brain index is an index of brain activity in the forehead (center of the frontal region) while the subject is given a working memory task (WM task), and the mood brain index is expressed by the following equation (2). can be obtained by
Mood brain index = (/Xs-/Xv)/√[(σ ² s/ns) + (σ ² v/nv)] (2)

A working memory task (hereinafter referred to as a WM task) is a temporary memory retention task given to a subject. We decided to select a task and a linguistic WM task to memorize and answer the words displayed on the monitor screen. In equation (2), /Xs is the average brain activity value of the subject while performing the spatial WM task, /Xv is the average brain activity value of the subject while performing the verbal WM task, σ ² s and σ ² v are the unbiased estimates of the population variance when performing the spatial WM task and the verbal WM task, respectively, and ns and nv are the number of times the spatial WM task and the verbal WM task are performed.

FIG. 3 shows an example of arrangement of each device in the laboratory when performing the first stage design evaluation using each device constituting the vehicle interior space design evaluation system 10 of this embodiment shown in FIG. It is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, in the experimental room of the first stage, a plurality of sets of chairs 22 and desks 23 on which subjects are seated are installed while being partitioned by partitions 21. On each desk 23, a liquid crystal display panel or the like is installed. A monitor device 14 is placed. In addition, a table 24 is installed behind the chair 22. On this table 24, a display control device 15 that distributes images to the monitor device 14 and brain activity measurement devices 11 worn by a plurality of subjects are connected by wireless communication. Measurement data (
A control terminal device 12 for receiving cerebral blood flow is mounted.

Although not shown in FIG. 3, the data collection and analysis device 13 may be installed on the table 24, or may be installed in a different room or another building. In addition, the data sent from each operation terminal device 12 to the data collection and analysis device 13 may be the cerebral blood flow (brain activity) data measured by each brain activity measurement device 11 as it is, or the data sent from the operation terminal device 12 After analyzing the data measured by each brain activity measuring device 11 , the analysis results may be sent to the data collecting and analyzing device 13 . That is, one of the operation terminal device 12 and the data collection and analysis device 13 may incorporate the function of the other device. In that case, the network 16 can be omitted.

Next, an example of the processing procedure of the design evaluation method using the vehicle interior space design evaluation system (FIG. 1) of the embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Among steps S1 to S11 in FIG. 4, steps S2 to S6 and steps S8 to S11 are processes executed by the vehicle interior space design evaluation system 10 shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, steps S1 to S6 are the first stage design evaluation process, and steps S7 to S11 are the second stage design evaluation process. First, steps S1 to S6, which are the first-stage design evaluation process executed based on the data collected in the experimental environment shown in FIG. 3, will be described below.

In the first stage of the design evaluation process, first, multiple image data with different color combinations of lighting color (color temperature) and interior equipment (moquette on the back of the front seat seat, floor, ceiling, wall, luggage rack, etc.) , is created by the display control device 15 or another computer, and stored in the storage device of the display control device 15 (step S1). Subsequently, the image data are sequentially read out and displayed on the screen of the monitor device 14 of each subject (step S2). At this time, since subjects tend to have the most active brain activity for the image they see first, it is desirable to change the order of the displayed images for each subject.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the order of experiments, that is, the time schedule, in which a plurality of images with different interior space designs as shown in FIG. ing. In the schedule shown in FIG. 5, after each subject wears the brain activity measuring device 11 on the head, presentation of images is started after a rest period. Images were presented multiple times for each design shown in FIG. Considering the order effect, the image presentation order was changed for each subject.

A plurality of vehicle interior space design images shown in FIG. A plurality of colors such as "yellow", "black", and "gray" are selected and combined with the above color temperature.

In the next step S3, the brain activity measuring device 11 measures the cerebral blood flow in the forehead of each subject when each image is shown. Next, we extracted brain activity features such as the peak value and integral value of the brain blood flow data of the subject for each measured image, and determined each lighting color temperature, each interior equipment color, and each lighting color temperature and interior equipment coloring. The average value and standard deviation of the brain activity feature amounts of all subjects are calculated for each combination (step S4). After that, the brain activity score of each image is calculated from the magnitude of the standard deviation using the following equation (3) (step S5), and the images are ranked in descending order of the brain activity score (step S6).
Brain activity score = [(individual brain activity feature quantity) - (mean value of brain activity feature quantity for each subject)]
÷ (standard deviation of brain activity feature amount of each subject) ……(3)

Here, the reason for calculating the standard deviation as described above will be described.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show changes in cerebral blood flow when a certain subject A and another subject B view images 1 and 2. FIG. Comparing (A) and (B), it can be seen that subject B has a larger absolute amount of cerebral blood flow than subject A when viewing image 1 from the start of measurement. Thus, the degree of change in cerebral blood flow when viewing an image varies considerably among subjects. On the other hand, when comparing the image 1 and the image 2, if the brain activity feature amount is a peak value, the brain activity feature amount is larger when the subject A clearly sees the image 2, and the image 2 is the favorite image. On the other hand, subject B shows almost the same brain activity feature quantity when viewing image 1 and image 2, and it can be seen that there is not much difference in preference.

As described above, changes in cerebral blood flow, that is, brain activity, vary greatly between individuals even when the same image is shown. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as in Equation (3), the difference between the "individual brain activity feature amount" and the "average value of brain activity feature amount for each subject" is taken, and the standard brain activity feature amount for each subject is calculated. By dividing by the deviation, it was normalized and evaluated with an objective numerical value. Equation (3) above means that the brain activity score is calculated based on the average of the brain activity feature amounts that differ from subject to subject, and in consideration of variations (standard deviations).
On the other hand, in the evaluation of preference by optical topography, it is known that there are regions where brain activity becomes active when emotions such as empathy and cooperation are felt. In other words, subjects prefer images with higher brain activity scores. Therefore, in the case of evaluation of indoor space design, by selecting and adopting the design corresponding to the image with the highest brain activity score, it is possible to realize an indoor space that suits the preferences of the people in the room.

FIG. 8(A) shows the averaged brain activity score for the lighting color temperature of all the subjects calculated in step S4, and FIG. Averaged values are shown. From FIG. 8A, it can be seen that 5000K is preferred for the lighting color temperature, and from FIG.
FIG. 9 shows the average brain activity score of all subjects for each image obtained in step S5 by presenting the multiple images of FIG. 6 according to the schedule of FIG. From FIG. 9, it can be seen that gray tends to be preferred under an illumination color temperature of 2700K, blue at 3500K, and red at 6500K. In addition, it can be seen that low color temperature lighting is preferred when the interior equipment color is a cold color, and high color temperature is preferred for lighting when the interior equipment color is a warm color. At 5000K, gray has the highest evaluation, but all colors other than blue tend to be preferred. Red tends to be more sympathetic as the lighting color temperature increases, while blue is preferred at lower lighting color temperatures. Also, although black showed a tendency to be preferred at 5000K, the overall evaluation was low. It can be seen that ash is generally well received at temperatures other than 3500K.

By the way, since the design evaluation in the first stage is carried out in a laboratory in a building, when determining the interior space color design of a non-moving building, etc., calculation is performed by the above steps S1 to S6. , it can be seen that the design to adopt can be determined based on the brain activity score of each ranked image. However, when evaluating the interior space design of railway vehicles, it is important to take into account the effects of physical stimuli on the body, such as vibrations, shaking, acceleration and deceleration, on the psychological state of passengers. Therefore, in the design evaluation process of this embodiment, the second stage evaluation process of steps S7 to S11 in the flow chart shown in FIG. 4 is executed.

Next, the evaluation process in the second stage will be described. In the experiment in the evaluation process in the second stage, the subject was seated on a seat (seat) provided in a running vehicle or a device imitating it, and the measurement data (Cerebral blood flow) is collected, and the data is analyzed or analyzed.
FIG. 10 shows an arrangement example of each device in the laboratory when performing the second stage design evaluation using each device constituting the vehicle interior space design evaluation system 10 of this embodiment shown in FIG. It is shown.

As shown in FIG. 10, the second-stage experiment uses a device (riding comfort simulator) 30 capable of imparting vibrations to seats simulating the vibrations of a running vehicle. Two subjects are seated on the three-person seat 31, one subject is seated on the two-person seat 32, and the operation terminal device 12 is installed near each subject. In addition, a headset-type brain activity measuring device 11 and VR (virtual reality) goggles 33 are attached to the head of each subject. In addition, 34 is a video camera for photographing and monitoring the state of the experiment.

In the second-stage evaluation process of steps S7 to S11, first, VR images are created for several types of interior space designs with high average brain activity scores ranked in step S6 (step S7). A plurality of VR images (see FIG. 11) created in step S7 are sequentially presented to the subject seated in seat No. 30 and wearing VR goggles while applying vibrations simulating the vibrations of a running vehicle (step S8). ). Then, the cerebral blood flow rate of the subject during the presentation of the VR image is measured by the brain activity measuring device 11 (step S9), and the stress brain index or mood brain index is calculated based on the measurement data (step S10). After that, the vehicle interior space designs are ranked in ascending order of index value (step S11), the results are output, and a series of processing ends. The stress brain index is calculated based on the blood flow data of the right and left frontal regions. In addition, the mood brain index is calculated based on the blood flow data of the forehead measured during the WM task immediately before and after the visual stimulation and vibration stimulation.

11(a) to (c) show a combination image of the lighting color temperature and the color of the interior equipment, which was evaluated as having a high brain activity score in the first-stage evaluation process (multiple images of the interior space design in FIG. 6). 3500K illumination color temperature and bluish image (blue, 3500K), illumination color temperature of 5000K and grayish image (gray, 5000K), illumination color temperature of 6500K and reddish image (red, 6500K) shows examples of VR images created for three designs. 11(a) to 11(c), the area surrounded by the dashed lines in each image indicates the approximate visual field range when the subject faces the front.

Also, in measuring the cerebral blood flow of the subject during presentation of the VR image in step S8, each color of the VR image is presented once, but the presentation order of the images is changed for each subject in consideration of the order effect. Also, the vibration conditions are the same for each subject. Adjust the vibration time and rest time so that VR motion sickness does not occur, and measure multiple times.
The cerebral blood flow is measured during the presentation of the VR image, and the average value of the cerebral blood flow before the presentation of the VR image is used as the reference value of the stress brain index (the value of "0" in the graph of FIG. 12) for analysis. . In addition, in step S8, instead of measuring for calculating the stress brain index, measurement for calculating the mood brain index may be performed, or measurement of cerebral blood flow for calculating the stress brain index ( The measurement of cerebral blood flow (frontal region) for calculating the mood brain index may be performed before or after the frontal region (right and left of the frontal region).

FIG. 12 shows the brain of a subject measured by the present inventors using the experimental apparatus of FIG. 7 while sequentially displaying the VR images of the three types of different interior space designs shown in FIG. 11 on the screen of the VR goggles. FIG. 10 shows chronological changes in the stress brain index (median value for all subjects) calculated based on blood flow data, plotted at intervals of 10 seconds. In FIG. 12, the solid lines R, G, and B are the red VR image (red, 6500K), the gray VR image (gray, 5000K), and the blue VR image (blue, 3500K). Figure 2 shows time-dependent changes in stress brain indices. Broken lines RAV, GAV, and BAV indicate the average values of stress brain indexes when VR images of each color system are presented.

From FIG. 12, it can be seen that the blue VR image (blue, 3500K) with an illumination color temperature of 3500K gives the least stress to passengers. The brain activity score for still images calculated in the first stage evaluation was in the order of (blue, 3500K) - (gray, 5000K) - (red, 6500K), and the same order was observed in the evaluation of the stress brain index. became. Since three types of VR images were created and presented based on still images with a high degree of preference, both showed negative values for the stress brain index, and it can be said that the environment is generally good for the mood. On the other hand, although the same vibration was applied, there were differences in the time-series changes in the stress brain index and in the average values during the measurement period. presumed to be reflected in

FIG. 13 shows mood brain indices calculated based on measurement data obtained by giving a WM task to a subject in the experimental apparatus of FIG. The mood brain index is an index of brain activity in the forehead (center of the frontal region), as described above, and is given by Equation (2) above.
From Fig. 13, from the start of the experiment, the presentation of (red, 6500K) showed the most depressive tendency, while the presentation of (blue, 3500K) showed the tendency to feel the best. It can be seen that there is qualitative agreement with the order obtained from the brain indices.

As described above, according to the vehicle interior design evaluation system of the above embodiment, by measuring the cerebral blood flow of a subject with a simple device (headset) / dislike) can be obtained. In addition, the measurement of cerebral blood flow is not performed at predetermined intervals as in questionnaire surveys, but can be performed continuously to obtain data, which reduces the burden on the subject during data acquisition.
Furthermore, the evaluation in the second stage is extremely reliable because objective evaluation indices are obtained based on cerebral blood flow data measured in an environment similar to the state in which railway vehicles are running. You can get results.
Further, in the present embodiment, more accurate and appropriate analysis results can be obtained by combining objective data such as cerebral blood flow data and subjective data such as questionnaire survey results.

Although the present invention has been described above based on the examples, the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For example, in the above embodiment, a ride simulator is used to create an environment similar to the state in which a railway vehicle is running, and cerebral blood flow is measured. Data may be collected by having the subject sit on the floor.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, in step S8 of the second stage of design evaluation, an example was shown in which a VR image was presented using a goggle-type display while imparting vibrations simulating the shaking of a train. Since it is known to strongly react to , we present VR images while listening to noise (in-vehicle noise accompanying train running) using a speaker along with applying vibration, so as to measure cerebral blood flow. Also good. Furthermore, the image presented using the goggles in step S8 is not limited to the VR image, and may be a general vehicle interior space design image, or presented using a normal monitor device without using goggles. You can make it work.

In the above embodiment, evaluation results of the color design of the vehicle interior space are obtained based on the brain activity score, the stress brain index, and the mood brain index calculated from the cerebral blood flow data measured from the subject. Aside from this, a questionnaire survey may also be conducted, and the evaluation results may be obtained by adding the results of the questionnaire survey, which are subjective evaluations of riding comfort. Furthermore, in addition to the brain activity measurement device, the subject is equipped with a device that measures brain waves, heart rate, respiration rate, pulse wave, body temperature, etc., and the design measures these values and acquires the flicker value. You may make it reflect in evaluation.
Further, in the above embodiment, the value measured by the brain activity measuring device 11 is transmitted to the operation terminal device (smartphone) 12, and the operation terminal device 12 generates cerebral blood flow data and transmits it to the data collection and analysis device 13. However, the values measured by the brain activity measuring device 11 are directly collected by the data collection and analysis device 1
3 may be configured.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention was applied to evaluate the color design of the interior space of a railroad vehicle, but the present invention is applicable to other than railroad vehicles, such as buses (including water buses), ferries, It can also be applied when evaluating the color design of the interior space of the cabin of a vehicle such as an airplane.
Further, the design evaluation process of the first stage of the embodiment is not limited to the interior space of the cabin of the vehicle, and can be used for design evaluation of the interior of the building as well.

10 Interior space design evaluation system (Interior space design evaluation system)
11 brain activity measuring device 12 operation terminal device (smartphone)
13 data collection and analysis device 14 monitor device (image display device)
15 Display control device (personal computer)
21 partition 22 chair 23 desk 24 table 30 ride simulator 33 VR goggles (goggle type display)

Claims (7)

an image display device for presenting a subject with a plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated;
a brain activity measuring device that is attached to the subject's head and is capable of measuring cerebral blood flow;
an operation terminal device that generates cerebral blood flow data based on the cerebral blood flow measured by the brain activity measuring device;
data analysis means for calculating information that contributes to the evaluation of indoor space design based on the cerebral blood flow data generated by the operation terminal device;
An indoor space design evaluation system comprising a simulator device capable of simulating an environment related to vibration and/or noise in a space to be evaluated ,
The brain activity measuring device is configured to be able to measure cerebral blood flow in the left and right frontal regions of the subject,
The interior space color design is an interior space color design of a railway vehicle,
The plurality of images related to the indoor space color design are images composed of a combination of a plurality of lighting color temperatures and the colors of indoor equipment of a plurality of color systems,
The data analysis means
Based on the cerebral blood flow data of the subject measured by the brain activity measurement device while a plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated are presented while the subject is being stimulated by the simulator device An interior space design evaluation system, comprising: calculating a stress-related index for each image; and evaluating preference for the interior space color design based on the calculated index for each image . When the cerebral blood flow on the right side of the subject's frontal region is R, and the cerebral blood flow on the left side of the subject is L, the index is expressed by the following formula: stress brain index = (R - L) / (R + L)
The indoor space design evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a stress brain index defined by: The brain activity measuring device is configured to be able to measure cerebral blood flow in the forehead of a subject,
The indicators are the average value of brain activity in the forehead while the subject is performing the spatial working memory task /Xs, and the average value of brain activity in the forehead while performing the verbal working memory task. The average value is /Xv, the unbiased estimates of the population variance when performing the spatial working memory task and the verbal working memory task are σ ² s and σ ² v, respectively, the spatial working memory task and the verbal working memory Mood brain index = (/Xs-/Xv)/√[(σ ² s/ns) + (σ ² v/nv)]
The indoor space design evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a mood brain index defined by: The brain activity measuring device is configured to be able to measure cerebral blood flow in the forehead of a subject,
The data analysis means
Calculate the average value and standard deviation of brain activity features of all subjects for each combination image of lighting color temperature and indoor equipment coloring,
From the calculated standard deviation, the brain activity score of each image is calculated by the following formula: brain activity score = [(individual brain activity feature quantity) - (mean value of brain activity feature quantity for each subject)]
÷ (standard deviation of brain activity feature amount for each subject)
3. The indoor space design evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the images are ranked in descending order of brain activity score. The data analysis means
Calculate the average value and standard deviation of brain activity features of all subjects for each combination image of lighting color temperature and indoor equipment coloring,
From the size of the calculated standard deviation, the brain activity score of each image is calculated by the following formula
Brain activity score = [(individual brain activity feature quantity) - (mean value of brain activity feature quantity for each subject)]
÷ (standard deviation of brain activity feature amount for each subject)
The indoor space design evaluation system according to claim 3, wherein the images are ranked in descending order of brain activity score. The plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated, which are presented while the subject is being stimulated by the simulator device, are virtual reality images developed with respect to those having a large brain activity score. 6. The indoor space design evaluation system according to claim 4 or 5 . an image display device for presenting a subject with a plurality of images related to the indoor space color design to be evaluated;
a brain activity measuring device that is attached to the subject's head and is capable of measuring cerebral blood flow;
A design evaluation method in an indoor space design evaluation system comprising: data analysis means for calculating information that contributes to evaluation of an indoor space design based on the cerebral blood flow measured by the brain activity measuring device,
While the image display device sequentially presents to the subject a plurality of images composed of a combination of a plurality of lighting color temperatures and a plurality of color system colors of indoor equipment related to indoor space color design, the brain activity measurement device measures the brain of the subject. a measurement step of measuring blood flow;
a data generating step of generating cerebral blood flow data from the cerebral blood flow measured in the measuring step;
a feature amount extraction step of extracting a brain activity feature amount from the cerebral blood flow data of the subject for each image presented by the image display device;
The average value and standard deviation of the brain activity feature amount of all subjects were calculated for each combined image of the lighting color temperature and room equipment coloring, and the following formula: brain activity score = [(individual brain activity feature amount) - (brain of each subject Average value of activity feature quantity)]
÷ (standard deviation of brain activity feature amount for each subject)
a brain activity score calculation step of calculating a brain activity score using
an evaluation step of evaluating preference for the indoor space color design based on the brain activity score;
including
The interior space color design is an interior space color design of a railway vehicle,
The interior space design evaluation method , wherein in the measuring step, the plurality of images are sequentially presented while a stimulus simulating railroad vehicle vibration and/or noise is applied to the subject.

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