JP7254372B2 - Heat exchange units, heat exchangers and hot water systems - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a heat exchange technology for exchanging heat of combustion exhaust with a heated fluid such as feed water.

A heat exchanger that exchanges the heat of combustion exhaust gas obtained by combustion of fuel gas with a fluid to be heated is provided with a primary heat exchanger and a secondary heat exchanger. The primary heat exchanger heat-exchanges mainly the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust to the fluid to be heated, and the secondary heat exchanger mainly heat-exchanges the latent heat of the combustion exhaust after the primary heat exchange to the heated fluid.
A primary heat exchanger is arranged upstream and a secondary heat exchanger is arranged downstream with respect to the flow of combustion exhaust gas. A fluid to be heated is supplied from the secondary heat exchanger to the primary heat exchanger. With such a configuration, after the secondary heat exchanger heat-exchanges mainly the latent heat from the combustion exhaust to the heated fluid having a low temperature before heat exchange, the primary heat exchanger receives mainly sensible heat from the combustion exhaust. Since heat is exchanged with the heating fluid, heat exchange efficiency is enhanced.

Regarding heat exchange with such a primary heat exchanger and a secondary heat exchanger, it is known that heat exchange tubes are arranged in a direction that intersects the flow of combustion exhaust gas (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2). . Regarding the secondary heat exchanger, it is known to equip the heat exchange tube with an arc-shaped folded portion (Patent Document 3). In this secondary heat exchanger, it is known to stack the secondary heat exchange tubes by flattening the folded portion (Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-274028 JP 2009-180398 A JP 2013-133956 A JP-A-2004-232922

By the way, in a heat exchanger that exchanges the heat of combustion exhaust gas with a fluid to be heated such as water, there is a problem that the heat exchange efficiency is lowered if the combustion exhaust gas passes through the heat exchange tubes without entangling them. On the other hand, in order to increase the contact area between the heat exchange tubes through which the combustion exhaust and the fluid to be heated flow, the heat exchange tubes are densely packed. There is a problem that the exchange efficiency is lowered.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to increase the degree of contact between the combustion exhaust gas and the heat exchange tubes, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to increase the density of the heat exchange tubes to reduce the size of the heat exchange unit and improve the heat exchange efficiency.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchange system in which the degree of contact between combustion exhaust gas and heat exchange tubes is increased.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the heat exchange unit of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchange unit for exchanging heat of combustion exhaust gas with a fluid to be heated, comprising a single Alternatively, combining a heat exchange tube section including a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a first panel section having a plurality of mounting holes to which the heat exchange tubes are mounted through the mounting holes, and the first panel section a second panel portion forming a space between the first panel portion and the inlet side fixed to the second panel portion and connecting the space portion to the heat exchange tube portion, respectively; A partition member partitioning into a chamber, a passage chamber, a turn-back chamber, and an exit chamber, each chamber comprising a header portion forming a flow path for the fluid to be heated through the heat exchange tube portion , and the partition member A first partition member vertically partitions the inside of the space into the folding chamber, the passing chamber, the entry-side chamber, and the exit-side chamber; It has a second partition member that partitions into one passing chamber and a second passing chamber and partitions into the entry side chamber and the exit side chamber.

In the above heat exchange unit, the heat exchange tube section comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, between the inlet chamber of the header section and the first passage chamber, between the first passage chamber and the turn chamber. , the heat exchange tubes may be connected between the turn chamber and the second pass chamber, and between the second pass chamber and the exit chamber.
In the above heat exchange unit, the heat exchange tube portion has a flattened portion that is flattened in a direction orthogonal to the curved surface of the folded portion, a pipe line portion extending from the beginning end to the folded portion, and a pipe line portion extending from the folded portion to the terminal end. A plurality of heat exchange tubes may be provided with an interval equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the pipeline section between them, and the heat exchange tubes may be installed in parallel with the flattened sections overlapping each other.
In the above heat exchange unit, each of the heat exchange tubes is arranged such that a part of the pipeline section of the other heat exchange tube is inserted into the spacing between the pipeline sections, and the spacing between the adjacent pipeline sections is It may be set to be less than the diameter of the conduit.
In the above heat exchange unit, the heat exchange tubes are arranged between the inlet chamber and the first passing chamber, between the first passing chamber and the turn chamber, between the turn chamber and the second and between the second passage chamber and the exit chamber, between the entry chamber and the first passage chamber, between the first passage chamber and the fold A temperature gradient may be set in the heated fluid flowing between the chamber, between the turn-around chamber and the second pass chamber, and between the second pass chamber and the exit chamber.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the heat exchange device of the present invention, it comprises a combustion housing through which combustion exhaust flows, and a heat exchange unit installed in the combustion housing, wherein the heat exchange unit a heat exchange tube section including a single or a plurality of heat exchange tubes through which a fluid to be heated flows; a first panel section having a plurality of mounting holes through which the heat exchange tubes are mounted; a second panel portion that is combined with the first panel portion to form a space portion between itself and the first panel portion; a header section that is connected to the exchange tube section and has a partition member that partitions into an entry side chamber, a passage chamber, a turn-back chamber, and an exit side chamber, each chamber forming a flow path for the fluid to be heated through the heat exchange tube section; wherein the partition member vertically divides the space into the folding chamber, the passage chamber, the entry chamber, and the exit chamber; It has a second partition member that partitions the passage chamber into a first passage chamber and a second passage chamber, and also partitions the passage chamber into the entry side chamber and the exit side chamber.

In the above heat exchange device, each of the heat exchange tubes has a flattened portion in a direction orthogonal to the curved surface of the folded portion, and a pipeline portion extending from the starting end to the folded portion. , installed with a gap equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the pipe line portion from the turn-back portion to the end of the pipe line portion, and the combustion exhaust flows in a direction intersecting with the fluid to be heated flowing through the heat exchange pipe; Heat from the combustion exhaust may be heat exchanged to the heated fluid.
In the above heat exchange device, a burner may be provided above or below the heat exchange unit, and the combustion exhaust gas may be brought into contact with the heat exchange tube in a direction crossing the flowing direction of the fluid to be heated.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the hot water supply system of the present invention, there is provided a burner for burning fuel gas, a combustion housing for flowing combustion exhaust of the burner, and a heat exchange unit installed in the combustion housing. wherein the heat exchange unit has a heat exchange tube section including a single or a plurality of heat exchange tubes through which a fluid to be heated flows; a first panel portion to be attached; a second panel portion that forms a space between the first panel portion and the first panel portion by being combined with the first panel portion; and a partition member that partitions the space into an inlet chamber, a passage chamber, a folded chamber, and an outlet chamber, each of which is connected to the heat exchange tube, and each chamber passes through the heat exchange tube to be heated. a first partitioning member that vertically partitions the inside of the space into the folding chamber, the passage chamber, the entry side chamber, and the exit side chamber; and a second partition member that partitions the passage chamber into a first passage chamber and a second passage chamber and into the entry side chamber and the exit side chamber by partitioning the space in the left-right direction. have

The hot water supply system further includes a primary heat exchange unit arranged upstream of the flow of the combustion exhaust gas , and a conduit for causing the fluid to be heated flowing through the heat exchange unit to flow through the primary heat exchange unit. The heat exchange unit may exchange latent heat of combustion exhaust after heat exchange in the primary heat exchange unit with the fluid to be heated.
The hot water supply system may further include an air supply fan for supplying air to the burner, and air supplied by the air supply fan may cause combustion exhaust gas generated in the burner to flow to the heat exchange unit.
In the hot water supply system, the combustion housing may be provided with a drain receiver for receiving drain generated in the heat exchange unit.

According to the present invention, the following effects are obtained.
(1) According to the heat exchange tube of the present invention, part of the pipeline portion of another heat exchange tube is inserted into the space between the pipeline portions of the heat exchange tubes, and the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a superimposed state. Since the distance between the heat exchange tubes is narrowed, the degree of contact with combustion exhaust gas can be increased, and the size of the heat exchange tube portion can be reduced.
(2) According to the heat exchange tubes of the present invention, the heat exchange tubes can be densely packed, and the combustion exhaust gas can be entangled in each heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

(3) According to the heat exchange unit of the present invention, the plurality of chambers provided in the header section are connected by the heat exchange tube section, and together with the heat exchange tube of the heat exchange tube section, constitute the flow path of the fluid to be heated. The heat exchange efficiency of the combustion exhaust to the heating fluid can be increased.
(4) According to the heat exchange device of the present invention, since the header section is installed together with the heat exchange tube section in the combustion housing and brought into contact with the combustion exhaust gas, the heat exchange efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas is enhanced.
(5) According to the hot water supply system of the present invention, it is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas and improve the hot water supply characteristics.
(6) According to the method for manufacturing a heat exchange tube of the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat exchange tube that can be densely packed, has a small heat exchange section, and has high heat exchange efficiency.

1 is a plan view showing a heat exchange tube according to a first embodiment; FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a heat exchange tube; A is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3A-3A in FIG. 1, B is a cross-sectional view along line 3B-3B in FIG. 1, and C is a cross-sectional view along line 3C-3C in FIG. It is a figure which shows the arrangement|positioning form of a heat exchange tube. 4. A is a view seen from the 5A direction in FIG. 4, and B is a sectional view taken along line 5B-5B in FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the arrangement form of heat exchange tubes and combustion exhaust gas; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the flow of combustion exhaust to heat exchange tubes provided side by side; It is a figure which shows the heat exchange unit which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 8. A is a view showing a cross section along line 9A-9A of FIG. 8, and B is a view showing a cross section along line 9B-9B of FIG. It is a perspective view which explodes and shows a header part. A is a diagram showing the arrangement of partition members in the header portion, and B is a cross-sectional view showing the fixation of the heat exchange tube fixing panel and the heat exchange tubes. It is a front view which shows a header part. A is a plan view showing the header portion, and B is a side view showing the header portion. 14A is a view showing a cross section along line 14A-14A of FIG. 13A, and B is a view showing a cross section along line 14B-14B of FIG. 13A. 13A is a view showing a cross section taken along line 15A-15A of FIG. 13A, and B is a view showing a cross section taken along line 15B-15B of FIG. 13A. A is a diagram showing the grouping of the heat exchange tube portions, and B is a diagram showing the relationship between the heat exchange tube portions and the chambers of the header portion. It is a figure which shows the heat exchange unit which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 17. A is a diagram showing a cross section along line 18A-18A of FIG. 17, and B is a diagram showing a cross section along line 18B-18B of FIG. 17. A is a view showing a cross section along line 19A-19A of FIG. 17, and B is a view showing a cross section along line 19B-19B of FIG. It is a perspective view which explodes and shows a header part. A is a diagram showing the grouping of the heat exchange tube portions, and B is a diagram showing the relationship between the heat exchange tube portions and the chambers of the header portion. It is a figure which shows the heat exchange unit which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 22. A is a diagram showing a cross section along line 23A-23A of FIG. 22, and B is a diagram showing a cross section along line 23B-23B of FIG. 22. A is a view showing a cross section along line 24A-24A of FIG. 22, and B is a view showing a cross section along line 24B-24B of FIG. It is a perspective view which explodes and shows a header part. A is a diagram showing the grouping of the heat exchange tube portions, and B is a diagram showing the relationship between the heat exchange tube portions and the chambers of the header portion. It is a figure which shows the heat-exchange apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the hot water supply system which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the control part of a hot water supply system. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of hot water supply control; FIG. 11B is a view showing a tube used in a method for manufacturing a heat exchange tube according to the seventh embodiment, and B is a view showing a step of forming a curved portion; It is a figure which shows the heat-exchange apparatus which concerns on 8th Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
<Heat Exchange Tube>
FIG. 1 shows a heat exchange tube according to the first embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
The heat exchange pipe 2 is a conduit for circulating a fluid to be heated, such as water WR, and exchanging the heat of combustion exhaust gas. The heat exchange tube 2 is composed of, for example, a seamless tube made of corrosion-resistant metal such as stainless steel.

This heat exchange tube 2 is provided with a folded portion 4 and a reciprocating pipe line portion 6 . The folded portion 4 is formed in the middle portion of the heat exchange tube 2 and is, for example, a semicircular bent portion.
The reciprocating pipeline section 6 is a pair of pipeline sections 6-1 and 6-2. One pipeline portion 6-1 is a pipeline extending from the starting end portion 8-1 of the heat exchange tube 2 to the folded portion 4, and the other pipeline portion 6-2 extends from the folded portion 4 to the heat exchange tube 2. This is the pipeline leading to the terminal portion 8-2. Although a straight pipe is used as an example for each pipe line portion 6-1, 6-2, a bent pipe, a corrugated pipe, or the like may be used.

The pipeline sections 6-1 and 6-2 are arranged in parallel, and an interval 10 is set between the pipeline sections 6-1 and 6-2. If φ is the outer diameter (diameter) of the conduit portions 6-1 and 6-2, the width W1 of the interval 10 is smaller than twice the diameter φ and larger than the diameter φ.
φ×2>W1>φ (1)
is the relationship. Assuming that the center-to-center distance between the pipeline portions 6-1 and 6-2 is W2, and the center-to-center distance W2 is represented by the interval W1 and the diameter φ,
W2=W1+φ (2)
becomes. Assuming that the lengths of the pipe sections 6-1 and 6-2 are L1 and the center length of the folded section 4 is L2, the approximate flow path length Lm of the heat exchange tube 2 is:
Lm = L1 x 2 + L2
≈L1×2+W2×π÷2 (3)
It can be expressed as.

2 shows a side view of the heat exchange tube 2. FIG. A flat portion 12 is provided on the folded portion 4 . The flattened portion 12 is formed by compressing the pipeline in the direction perpendicular to the curved surface of the folded portion 4 to flatten it. Assuming that the compression width is Δt and the thickness of the flat portion 12 is D, the thickness D is
D=φ-Δt×2<φ (4)
can be expressed as From this equation (4), the compression width Δt is
Δt = (φ-D)/2 (5)
is.

<Folded part, flattened part and arrangement of heat exchange tubes>
3A shows a cross section taken along line 3A-3A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3B shows a cross section taken along line 3B-3B of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3C shows a cross section taken along line 3C-3C of FIG. At the folded portion 4, the cross-section of the pipeline protrudes in the direction of the curved surface, and whereas the pipeline portions 6-1 and 6-2 have circular cross-sections, the flattening results in an elliptical cross-section with the major axis in the direction of the curved surface. molded. The cross-sectional area of the pipeline of the folded portion 4 is the same as the circular cross-section of the pipeline portions 6-1 and 6-2.
Let r be the inner diameter of the pipeline portions 6-1 and 6-2, r1 be the minor diameter inside the folded portion 4, and r2 be the major diameter of the folded portion 4.
r1≈r−Δt×2 (6)
r2≈r+Δt×2 (7)
is.

According to such a heat exchange tube 2, as shown in FIG.
FIG. 5A shows the heat exchange tube 2 viewed from the direction 5A in FIG. Adjacent pipeline section 6-1 or pipeline section 6-2 can be placed so as to be inserted into interval 10 between pipeline sections 6-1 and 6-2.

FIG. 5B shows a section taken along line 5B--5B of FIG. In FIG. 5B, the direction orthogonal to the curved surface of the folded portion 4 of the heat exchange tube 2 is taken as the X axis, and the same direction as the curved surface is taken as the Y axis, and a plurality of adjacent heat exchange tubes 2 are given different symbols. are heat exchange tubes 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d.
When the adjacent heat exchange tubes 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are arranged by overlapping the flat portions 12, the interval in the X-axis direction between the pipeline portions 6-2 and 6-2 of the heat exchange tubes 2b and 2c is Wx, The distance in the Y-axis direction between the heat exchange tubes 2a, 2d and the pipeline sections 6-2, 6-2 of 2b, 2c is Wy, and the pipeline section 6-2 of the heat exchange tubes 2a, 2d and the heat exchange tube 2b , and 2c in the Y-axis direction between the conduit portions 6-1, Wy' is
Wx>Wy (8)
Wx>Wy' (9)
, and the intervals Wx, Wy, and Wy' are all smaller than φ,
Wx≈φ−2Δt<φ (10)
Wy≈(W1-φ)/2<φ/2 (11)
Wy'≈(W1-φ)/2<φ/2 (12)
Wy<Wy' (13)
is. Although Wy=Wy', Wy' may be set larger than Wy because a partition for grouping the heat exchange tubes 2, which will be described later, is installed on the Wy' side.

<Heat exchange function>
By flowing water WR through the plurality of heat exchange tubes 2 arranged in this manner and by flowing combustion exhaust gas EG in a direction crossing the pipe passages 6-1 and 6-2 as shown in FIG. can be heat-exchanged to water WR, and the water WR can be heated to hot water HWR.
FIG. 7 shows a section taken along line 7x-7x of FIG. The combustion exhaust gas EG can be entangled in the pipe surface portions of the pipe passage portions 6-1 and 6-2.
It should be noted that the combustion exhaust gas EG may flow in a direction opposite to that shown in FIG.

<Effects of the first embodiment>
According to this first embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) As shown in FIG. 4, if the flat portions 12 are brought into close contact with each other, the pipeline portion 6-1 of the other heat exchange tube 2 is placed within the space 10 between the reciprocating pipeline portions 6 of the adjacent heat exchange tubes 2. , 6-2 can be arranged in such a manner that the pipe line portions 6-1 and 6-2 of the heat exchange tubes 2 can be densely packed.
(2) A heat exchange unit having a plurality of heat exchange tubes 2 can be made compact.
(3) Combustion exhaust gas EG can be entangled in each pipe line portion 6-1, 6-2 of each heat exchange pipe 2, and the heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG can be efficiently heat-exchanged with a fluid to be heated such as water WR. It is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas EG.

[Second embodiment]
<Heat exchange unit and heat exchange operation>
FIG. 8 shows an overview of a heat exchange unit according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9A shows a section taken along line 9A-9A of FIG. FIG. 9B shows a section taken along line 9B-9B of FIG. The configurations shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are examples, and the present invention is not limited to such configurations.
The heat exchange unit 14 is provided with a header section 16 and a heat exchange tube section 18 . The heat exchange tube section 18 includes a first heat exchange tube group 18-1, a second heat exchange tube group 18-2, a third heat exchange tube group 18-3 and a fourth heat exchange tube group 18-4. is provided.

The header section 16 is partitioned into a plurality of chambers by a plurality of grid-like partition walls 20 installed in the vertical and horizontal directions. For each chamber, the entrance chamber 22-1 which is an example of the first chamber, the passage chambers 22-21 and 22-22 which are examples of the second chamber, and the folding chamber 22-3 which is an example of the third chamber. , an exit chamber 22-4, which is an example of a fourth chamber. Water WR is introduced into the entry side chamber 22-1. The passage chambers 22-21, 22-22 pass the water WR in the direction of flow. The folding chamber 22-3 folds the flow of water WR from the passing chamber 22-21 to the passing chamber 22-22. The output side chamber 22-4 allows the water WR from the passing chamber 22-22 to be led out.

An entry side port 24 is provided in the entry side chamber 22-1, and an exit side port 26 is provided in the exit side chamber 22-4. A first heat exchange tube group 18-1 is connected between the inlet side chamber 22-1 and the passage chamber 22-21, and a second heat exchange tube group is connected between the passage chamber 22-21 and the turn chamber 22-3. Tube group 18-2 is connected. Similarly, a third heat exchange tube group 18-3 is connected between the turn-around chamber 22-3 and the passage chamber 22-22, and a fourth heat exchange tube group 18-3 is connected between the passage chamber 22-22 and the exit chamber 22-4. are connected to the heat exchange tube group 18-4.

As a result, the water WR introduced from the inlet port 24 into the inlet chamber 22-1 flows from the inlet chamber 22-1 to the heat exchange tube group 18-1 and the passage chamber 22 as indicated by the arrow in A in FIG. -21 to a folding chamber 22-3.
The water WR that has reached the turning chamber 22-3 is guided to the outlet side chamber 22-4 through the heat exchange tube group 18-3 and the passage chamber 22-2, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. up to 26. The water WR flows through the header portion 16 and the heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4 and is heat-exchanged with the heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG. The water WR is warmed by this heat exchange, and the hot water HWR is discharged from the outlet port 26 .

<Heat Exchange Unit 14 According to Second Embodiment>
FIG. 10 shows the heat exchange unit 14 disassembled into its component parts. The configuration shown in FIG. 10 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
Each heat exchange tube group 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4 of the heat exchange tube section 18 is provided with 12 heat exchange tubes 2 (FIG. 1), for a total of 48 heat exchange tubes. 2 are included. The number of heat exchange tubes 2 to be installed is arbitrary, and the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.

<Header part 16 according to the second embodiment>
The header section 16 is provided with a heat exchange tube mounting panel 28, a rear panel 30 and partition members 32-1 and 32-2.
The heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 is a panel member having a C-shaped cross section that encloses the front surface and upper and lower surfaces of the header portion 16 . The heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 is provided with a flat fixed panel portion 34 , a top panel portion 36 is provided on the upper edge side of the fixed panel portion 34 , and a bottom panel portion 38 is provided on the lower edge side of the fixed panel portion 34 . The fixed panel portion 34 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 40 necessary for mounting the heat exchange tubes 2 of the heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3 and 18-4.
The rear panel 30 is a panel member having a C-shaped cross section and surrounding the rear and left and right side surfaces of the header section 16 . The rear panel 30 is provided with a port fixing panel portion 42 . A side panel portion 44 is provided on the left edge side of the port fixing panel portion 42 toward the heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 . A side panel portion 46 is provided on the right edge side of the port fixing panel portion 42 toward the heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 .

The partition member 32-1 is provided with a fixing portion 48 fixed to the port fixing panel portion 42 of the rear panel 30. A top partition wall 50 is provided on the upper edge side of the fixing portion 48, and a bottom partition wall 50 is provided on the lower edge side of the fixing portion 48. A side partition wall 52 is provided. Unlike the top-side partition wall 50, the bottom-side partition wall 52 has a bent cross-sectional shape.
The partition member 32-2 is provided with left and right partition walls 54 and fixed portions 56 and 58. As shown in FIG. The left and right partition wall 54 is installed in the central portion of the partition member 32-1 and divides the space inside the partition member 32-1 into left and right. The fixed portion 56 is fixed to the partition member 32-1 by, for example, a fixing screw, and the fixed portion 58 is fixed to the port fixing panel portion 42 of the rear panel 30 by, for example, a fixing screw.

The port fixing panel portion 42 of the rear panel 30 is formed with an entry side port 24 for opening the entry side chamber 22-1 and an exit side port 26 for opening the exit side chamber 22-4. A pipe fixing portion 60 is installed in the inlet port 24 , and a pipe fixing portion 62 is installed in the outlet port 26 . A water supply pipe 64 is inserted into the inlet port 24 , and a flange portion 66 provided on the water supply pipe 64 is fixed to the pipe fixing portion 60 with a fixing screw 68 . A water discharge pipe 70 is inserted into the outlet port 26 , and a flange portion 66 provided on the water discharge pipe 70 is fixed to the pipe fixing portion 62 with a fixing screw 68 .

FIG. 11A shows the inside of the header portion 16 with the rear panel 30 removed. A space portion is formed in the header portion 16 by the heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 and the rear panel 30. This space portion is divided into an entrance side chamber 22-1 and a passage chamber 22- by means of partition members 32-1 and 32-2. 21, 22-22, a folding chamber 22-3, and an exit chamber 22-4.
FIG. 11B shows a fixed cross section of the fixed panel portion 34 of the heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 and the heat exchange tube 2 . A heat exchange tube 2 is inserted into each mounting hole 40 of the fixed panel portion 34, and the end portion of the heat exchange tube 2 is kept slightly projected. The edges of the heat exchange tube 2 and the fixed panel portion 34 are fixed by welding 72 .
Therefore, the heat exchange unit 14 is assembled as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 with the components shown in FIG. FIG. 12 shows the heat exchange unit 14 viewed from the header portion 16. As shown in FIG. A of FIG. 13 shows the heat exchange unit 14 viewed from the direction of 13A of FIG. B of FIG. 13 shows the heat exchange unit 14 seen from the direction of 13B of FIG.
On the right side of the partition member 32-2 of the header section 16, as shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, an entry side chamber 22-1, a passing chamber 22-21 and a turning chamber 22-3 are formed.
On the left side of the partition member 32-2 of the header section 16, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, a turn-back chamber 22-3, a passage chamber 22-22, and an exit chamber 22-4 are arranged around the exit port 26. It is formed.

<Relationship Between Heat Exchange Tube Section 18 and Chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-3, 22-4>
As shown in FIG. 16A, the heat exchange tube section 18 is provided with heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, and 18-4. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 16B, the header section 16 is provided with an entry side chamber 22-1, passing chambers 22-21, 22-22, a turning chamber 22-3, and an exit side chamber 22-4. .
The entry side chamber 22-1 is connected to the passage chamber 22-21 by a heat exchange tube group 18-1. Passage chamber 22-21 is connected to turn chamber 22-3 by heat exchange tube group 18-2. Turn chamber 22-3 is connected to pass-through chamber 22-22 by heat exchange tube group 18-3. Passage chamber 22-22 is connected to exit chamber 22-4 by heat exchange tube group 18-4.

This heat exchange unit 14 includes, between the inlet port 24 and the outlet port 26, an inlet chamber 22-1, a heat exchange tube group 18-1, a passage chamber 22-21, a heat exchange tube group 18-2, A circulation path is formed to reach the turn-back chamber 22-3, the heat exchange tube group 18-3, the passing chamber 22-22, the heat exchange tube group 18-4, and the delivery side chamber 22-4 (FIGS. 10 to 16). . That is, the water WR entering the inlet port 24 is taken out from the outlet port 26 after being heated by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG through this circulation path.
In the circulation of the water WR, the chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-3, and 22-4 are separated by the partition members 32-1 and 32-2 and independently Therefore, there is no direct crossing of the water WR between these chambers. Therefore, the water WR introduced into the inlet port 24 can be made to reach the outlet port 26 without intersecting with the water WR before heat exchange while repeatedly increasing the temperature by heat exchange.

<Effects of Second Embodiment>
According to this second embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) The heated fluid such as water WR introduced into the inlet port 24 passes through the chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-21, 22-22-21, 22-21 22-22, 22-3, and 22-4, and heat exchange in each heat exchange tube 2 can raise the temperature stepwise. As a result, a temperature gradient is formed in the heated fluid flowing through each of the chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-3, and 22-4.
(2) Since the flow of the fluid to be heated is unidirectional, the main fluid resistance is only the heat exchange tube 2, and the fluidity of the fluid to be heated is high, enabling efficient heat exchange.
(3) Each of the heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, and 18-4 divides into a plurality of heat exchange tubes 2, 12 heat exchange tubes 2 in this embodiment, and separates the combustion exhaust gas. Since heat is exchanged with EG, heat exchange efficiency can be enhanced.
(4) The header section 16 is divided into a plurality of chambers by simple partition members 32-1 and 32-2, and in this embodiment, an increase in fluid resistance caused by the interior of the chambers is reduced.

<Flow path function of header part 16>
In the heat exchange unit 14, the water WR repeatedly disperses and joins to exchange heat with the combustion exhaust gas EG. This causes a uniform temperature rise in the water WR. A plurality of chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-3, and 22-4 are provided in the header section 16, and each chamber 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-3, and 22 -4 forms a flow path for water WR. The chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-3 and 22-4 are partitioned by partition members 32-1 and 32-2. , 32-2 form a slight gap. This gap forms a bypass path with respect to the main flow path of the water WR. In other words, the bypass channel formed by this gap is a channel having a larger fluid resistance for the water WR than the main channel for the water WR, and the water WR can pass through the bypass channel. This provides a function of suppressing water hammer.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 17 shows an outline of a heat exchange unit according to the third embodiment. 18A shows a cross section taken along line 18A-18A of FIG. 17, and FIG. 18B shows a cross section taken along line 18B-18B of FIG. 19A shows a cross section taken along line 19A-19A of FIG. 17, and FIG. 19B shows a cross section taken along line 19B-19B of FIG. The configurations shown in FIGS. 17 to 19 are examples, and the present invention is not limited to such configurations. 17 to 19, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as the heat exchange unit 14 according to the second embodiment.
First, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth heat exchange tube portions 18 of the heat exchange unit 14 according to the third embodiment of heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8, 18-9, 18-10 are provided.

The header section 16 of the second embodiment has 5 chambers, whereas the header section 16 of the third embodiment has 11 chambers. In other words, the header section 16 includes an entry chamber 22-1, passage chambers 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, 22-25, turn-around chambers 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, 22-34, an exit chamber 22-4 is provided.
An entry port 24 is provided in the entry chamber 22-1, and an exit port 26 is provided in the exit chamber 22-4. are placed in

A heat exchange tube group 18-1 is connected between the inlet side chamber 22-1 and the passage chamber 22-21, and a heat exchange tube group 18-2 is connected between the passage chamber 22-21 and the turn chamber 22-31. It is connected.
A heat exchange tube group 18-3 is connected between the turn chamber 22-31 and the passage chamber 22-22, and a heat exchange tube group 18-4 is connected between the passage chamber 22-22 and the turn chamber 22-32. It is
A heat exchange tube group 18-5 is connected between the turn chamber 22-32 and the passage chamber 22-23, and a heat exchange tube group 18-6 is connected between the passage chamber 22-23 and the turn chamber 22-33. It is
A heat exchange tube group 18-7 is connected between the turn chamber 22-33 and the pass chamber 22-24, and a heat exchange tube group 18-8 is connected between the pass chamber 22-24 and the turn chamber 22-34. It is
A heat exchange tube group 18-9 is connected between the turn-around chamber 22-34 and the passage chamber 22-25, and a heat exchange tube group 18-10 is connected between the passage chamber 22-25 and the outlet side chamber 22-4. It is
As a result, the water WR introduced from the inlet port 24 into the inlet chamber 22-1 flows from the inlet chamber 22-1 to the heat exchange tube group 18-1 and the passage chamber 22 as indicated by the arrow A in FIG. -21 and the heat exchange tube group 18-2 into the turn chamber 22-31.

The water WR that has reached the turn-up chamber 22-31 passes through the heat exchange tube group 18-3, the passage chamber 22-22, and the heat exchange tube group 18-4, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. led to.
The water WR that has reached the turn-up chamber 22-32 passes through the heat exchange tube group 18-5, the passage chamber 22-23, and the heat exchange tube group 18-6 as indicated by the arrow in A of FIG. led to.
The water WR that has reached the turning chamber 22-33 passes through the heat exchange tube group 18-7, the passage chamber 22-24, and the heat exchange tube group 18-8, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 22-34.
The water WR reaching the folded chamber 22-34 flows from the folded chamber 22-34 through the heat exchange tube group 18-9, the passage chamber 22-25, and the heat exchange tube group 18-10, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 19B. It is led to the output side chamber 22 - 4 through which it reaches the output side port 26 . The water WR is the header portion 16 and the heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8, 18-9, 18-10. and exchange heat with the heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG. The water WR is warmed by this heat exchange, and the hot water HWR is discharged from the outlet port 26 .

<Heat Exchange Unit 14 According to Third Embodiment>
FIG. 20 shows the heat exchange unit 14 disassembled into its component parts. The configuration shown in FIG. 20 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. 20, the same parts as in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Each heat exchange tube group 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8, 18-9, 18-10 of the heat exchange tube section 18 are provided with 4 or 5 heat exchange tubes 2 (FIG. 1), respectively, for a total of 48 heat exchange tubes 2 . The number of heat exchange tubes 2 to be installed is arbitrary, and the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.

<Header section 16 according to the third embodiment>
The header section 16 is provided with a heat exchange tube mounting panel 28, a rear panel 30 and partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3 and 32-4.
The heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 is a panel member having a C-shaped cross section that encloses the front surface and upper and lower surfaces of the header portion 16, and is substantially the same as that of the second embodiment, so description thereof will be omitted.
The rear panel 30 is a panel member having a C-shaped cross section that encloses the rear and left and right side surfaces of the header section 16. Parts common to those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and descriptions thereof are omitted.

Each partition member 32-2, 32-3, 32-4 is provided with left and right partition walls 54 and fixed portions 56, 58, and the configuration of each portion is the same as in the second embodiment.
In this embodiment, the space of the header section 16 is divided into the entry side chamber 22-1, the passage chamber 22-21, It is divided into 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, 22-25, folding chambers 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, 22-34, and exit chamber 22-4.

In this embodiment, the port fixing panel portion 42 of the back panel 30 is formed with an entry side port 24 for opening the entry side chamber 22-1 and an exit side port 26 for opening the exit side chamber 22-4 on diagonal lines. ing.

<Heat exchange tube section 18 and chambers 22-1, 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, 22-25, 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, 22-34, 22 -4 relationship>
As shown in A of FIG. 8, 18-9, 18-10 are provided. On the other hand, in the header section 16, as shown in FIG. -31, 22-32, 22-33, 22-34 and exit chamber 22-4.
The entry side chamber 22-1 is connected to the passage chamber 22-21 by a heat exchange tube group 18-1.
Passage chamber 22-21 is connected to turn chamber 22-31 by heat exchange tube group 18-2.
The turn chamber 22-31 is connected to the pass-through chamber 22-22 by a heat exchange tube group 18-3.
Passage chamber 22-22 is connected to turn chamber 22-32 by heat exchange tube group 18-4.
The turn chamber 22-32 is connected to the pass-through chamber 22-23 by a heat exchange tube group 18-5.
Passage chambers 22-23 are connected to turn chambers 22-33 by heat exchange tube groups 18-6.
The turn chambers 22-33 are connected to the pass-through chambers 22-24 by heat exchange tube groups 18-7.
Passage chambers 22-24 are connected to turn chambers 22-34 by heat exchange tube groups 18-8.
The turn chambers 22-34 are connected to the pass-through chambers 22-25 by heat exchange tube groups 18-9.
Passing chamber 22-25 is connected to exit chamber 22-4 by heat exchange tube group 18-10.

Therefore, in this embodiment, between the inlet port 24 and the outlet port 26 of the heat exchange unit 14, the inlet chamber 22-1, the heat exchange tube group 18-1, the passage chamber 22-21, the heat exchange tubes Group 18-2, turn chamber 22-31, heat exchange tube group 18-3, passage chamber 22-22, heat exchange tube group 18-4, turn chamber 22-32, heat exchange tube group 18-5, passage chamber 22 -23, heat exchange tube group 18-6, turn chamber 22-33, heat exchange tube group 18-7, passage chamber 22-24, heat exchange tube group 18-8, turn chamber 22-34, heat exchange tube group 18 -9, a passage chamber 22-25 and a heat exchange tube group 18-10 to an exit chamber 22-4 (FIGS. 17-21).
In the circulation of this water WR, the inlet side chamber 22-1, passing chambers 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, 22-25, turning chambers 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, 22-34 and output side chamber 22-4 are separated by partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4 and 32-5 and are independent. , the crossing of water WR does not occur directly. Therefore, the water WR introduced into the inlet port 24 can be made to reach the outlet port 26 without intersecting with the water WR before heat exchange while repeatedly increasing the temperature by heat exchange. Note that the flow path function of the header portion 16 is the same as that of the second embodiment, so the description is omitted.

<Effect of the third embodiment>
According to this third embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) In the third embodiment, the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained.
(2) In the heat exchange tube section 18 of the third embodiment, the same number of heat exchange tubes 2 provided in the second embodiment are divided into heat exchange tube groups 18-1 to 18-10 and chambers 22 -1, 22-21 to 22-25, 22-31 to 22-34 and 22-4, and the water WR is circulated in units of five or four heat exchange tubes 2, so each heat The flow velocity of the water WR flowing through the exchange pipe 2 can be increased, and the heat exchange rate of the combustion exhaust gas EG can be increased.
(3) The header section 16 is divided into a plurality of chambers by simple partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, and 32-5. Decrease increase.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 22 shows an outline of a heat exchange unit according to the fourth embodiment. 23A shows a cross section taken along line 23A-23A of FIG. 22, and FIG. 23B shows a cross section taken along line 23B-23B of FIG. 24A shows a cross section along line 24A-24A of FIG. 22, and B of FIG. 24 shows a cross section along line 24B-24B of FIG. The configurations shown in FIGS. 22 to 24 are examples, and the present invention is not limited to such configurations. 22 to 24, the same parts as those of the heat exchange unit 14 according to the second and third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The header section 16 of the fourth embodiment is provided with nine chambers, an entry side chamber 22-1, passage chambers 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, turn-around chambers 22- 31, 22-32, 22-33 and an exit chamber 22-4 are provided. The heat exchange tube section 18 includes first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4. , 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8 are provided.

An entry side port 24 is provided in the entry side chamber 22-1, and an exit side port 26 is provided in the exit side chamber 22-4, which are arranged in the same manner as in the second embodiment.
A heat exchange tube group 18-1 is connected between the inlet side chamber 22-1 and the passage chamber 22-21, and a heat exchange tube group 18-2 is connected between the passage chamber 22-21 and the turn chamber 22-31. It is connected.
A heat exchange tube group 18-3 is connected between the turn chamber 22-31 and the passage chamber 22-22, and a heat exchange tube group 18-4 is connected between the passage chamber 22-22 and the turn chamber 22-32. It is
A heat exchange tube group 18-5 is connected between the turn chamber 22-32 and the passage chamber 22-23, and a heat exchange tube group 18-6 is connected between the passage chamber 22-23 and the turn chamber 22-33. It is
A heat exchange tube group 18-7 is connected between the turn chamber 22-33 and the passage chamber 22-24.
A heat exchange tube group 18-8 is connected between the passage chamber 22-24 and the outlet chamber 22-4.
As a result, the water WR introduced from the inlet port 24 into the inlet chamber 22-1 flows from the inlet chamber 22-1 to the heat exchange tube group 18-1 and the passage chamber 22 as indicated by the arrow A in FIG. -21 and the heat exchange tube group 18-2 into the turn chamber 22-31.
The water WR that has reached the turn-up chamber 22-31 passes through the heat exchange tube group 18-3, the passage chamber 22-22, and the heat exchange tube group 18-4, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. led to.
The water WR that has reached the turn-up chamber 22-32 passes through the heat exchange tube group 18-5, the passage chamber 22-23, and the heat exchange tube group 18-6, as indicated by the arrow in A of FIG. led to.
The water WR that has reached the turning chamber 22-33 passes through the heat exchange tube group 18-7, the passing chamber 22-24, and the heat exchange tube group 18-8, as indicated by the arrow in B of FIG. It is led to the chamber 22-4 and reaches the exit port 26. The water WR flows through the header portion 16 and the heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7, 18-8 to heat the combustion exhaust gas EG. heat is exchanged with The water WR is warmed by this heat exchange, and the hot water HWR is discharged from the outlet port 26 .

<Heat Exchange Unit 14 According to Fourth Embodiment>
FIG. 25 shows the heat exchange unit 14 disassembled into its component parts. The configuration shown in FIG. 25 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. In FIG. 25, the same parts as in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Each of the heat exchange tube groups 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7 and 18-8 of the heat exchange tube section 18 has six heat exchangers. Tubes 2 (FIG. 1) are provided and contain a total of 48 heat exchange tubes 2 . The number of heat exchange tubes 2 to be installed is arbitrary, and the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.

<Header section 16 according to the fourth embodiment>
The header section 16 is provided with a heat exchange tube mounting panel 28, a rear panel 30 and partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3 and 32-4.
The heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 is a panel member having a C-shaped cross section that encloses the front surface and upper and lower surfaces of the header portion 16, and is substantially the same as that of the second embodiment, so description thereof will be omitted.
The back panel 30 is a panel member having a C-shaped cross section that encloses the back and left and right side surfaces of the header section 16, and the same reference numerals as in the second embodiment are given to the same parts, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Each partition member 32-2, 32-3, 32-4 is provided with left and right partition walls 54 and fixed portions 56, 58, and the configuration of each portion is the same as in the second embodiment.
In this embodiment, the space of the header section 16 is separated by the partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3 and 32-4 into the entry side chamber 22-1, passage chambers 22-21 and 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, folding chambers 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, and exit chamber 22-4.
In this embodiment, the port fixing panel portion 42 of the rear panel 30 is formed with an entry side port 24 for opening the entry side chamber 22-1 and an exit side port 26 for opening the exit side chamber 22-4.

<Heat Exchange Tube Section 18, Entrance Chamber 22-1, Passing Chambers 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, Folding Chambers 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, Exit Chamber 22 -4 relationship>
As shown in A of FIG. 8 are provided. On the other hand, in the header section 16, as shown in FIG. -32, 22-33, and exit chamber 22-4.
The entry side chamber 22-1 is connected to the passage chamber 22-21 by a heat exchange tube group 18-1.
Passage chamber 22-21 is connected to turn chamber 22-31 by heat exchange tube group 18-2.
The turn chamber 22-31 is connected to the pass-through chamber 22-22 by a heat exchange tube group 18-3.
Passage chamber 22-22 is connected to turn chamber 22-32 by heat exchange tube group 18-4.
The turn chamber 22-32 is connected to the pass-through chamber 22-23 by a heat exchange tube group 18-5.
Passage chambers 22-23 are connected to turn chambers 22-33 by heat exchange tube groups 18-6.
The turn chambers 22-33 are connected to the pass-through chambers 22-24 by heat exchange tube groups 18-7.
The pass-through chambers 22-24 are connected to the exit chamber 22-4 by a heat exchange tube group 18-8.

Therefore, in this embodiment, between the inlet port 24 and the outlet port 26 of the heat exchange unit 14, the inlet chamber 22-1, the heat exchange tube group 18-1, the passage chamber 22-21, the heat exchange tubes Group 18-2, turn chamber 22-31, heat exchange tube group 18-3, passage chamber 22-22, heat exchange tube group 18-4, turn chamber 22-32, heat exchange tube group 18-5, passage chamber 22 -23, heat exchange tube group 18-6, turn chamber 22-33, heat exchange tube group 18-7, passage chamber 22-24 and heat exchange tube group 18-8 to exit chamber 22-4 are formed (FIGS. 22 to 26).
In the circulation of this water WR, each inlet side chamber 22-1, passage chambers 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, turn-around chambers 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, outlet side chambers Since the chambers 22-4 are separated by the partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, and 32-4 and are independent, it is impossible for the water WR to directly intersect between these chambers. do not have. Therefore, the water WR introduced into the inlet port 24 can be made to reach the outlet port 26 without intersecting with the water WR before heat exchange while repeatedly increasing the temperature by heat exchange. Note that the flow path function of the header portion 16 is the same as that of the second embodiment, so the description is omitted.

<Effects of the fourth embodiment>
According to this fourth embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) The same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained in the fourth embodiment.
(2) In the heat exchange tube section 18 of the fourth embodiment, the same number of heat exchange tubes 2 provided in the second embodiment are divided into heat exchange tube groups 18-1 to 18-8 and -1, 22-21 to 22-24, 22-31 to 22-33 and 22-4, and the water WR is circulated in units of six heat exchange tubes 2, so the third implementation While the number of sections is smaller than in the second embodiment, the flow velocity of the water WR flowing through each heat exchange tube 2 can be increased compared to the second embodiment, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas EG can be increased.
(3) The header section 16 is divided into a plurality of chambers with fewer partition members 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, and 32-4 than in the third embodiment. An increase in resistance can be reduced.

<Relationship between chamber and heat exchange tube 2>
If the heat exchange tubes 2 installed in the heat exchange unit 14 have the same diameter, the difference in the number of heat exchange tubes constituting the heat exchange tube group is reflected in the flow velocity of the water WR flowing through the heat exchange tubes. The number of components in each embodiment is 12 (FIG. 10), minimum 4 (FIG. 20), and 6 (FIG. 25). For calculation purposes, if the flow velocity per tube in the heat exchange unit 14 shown in FIG. 10 is "1", the heat exchange unit 14 shown in FIG. Become. In practice, gaps between chambers cannot be ignored. When water WR=24 [liter/min] is flowed, the ratio of flow velocity [m/s] is 0.2:1.1:0.8. Here, considering the Reynolds number, a water flow of 0.7 [m/s] or more is necessary for the water flow to become turbulent, and below this, the flow becomes laminar. In the laminar flow, heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas EG is limited to the water flow on the tube wall side of the heat exchange tube 2, and the combustion exhaust gas EG cannot be brought into contact with all the water WR flowing through the heat exchange tube 2. Decrease exchange efficiency.
In the heat exchange unit 14 shown in FIGS. 20 and 25, the water WR becomes a turbulent flow due to the flow velocity of 0.7 [m/s] or more, and high heat exchange efficiency is obtained. Differences in flow velocity values of about 1.1 [m/s] and 0.8 [m/s] have little effect on the heat exchange rate or heat exchange efficiency, and rather the flow path or flow of the combustion exhaust gas EG has an effect. .

[Fifth Embodiment]
<Heat exchange device 74>
FIG. 27 shows a heat exchange device according to a fifth embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 27 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
The heat exchange unit 14 described above is used as a secondary heat exchanger in this heat exchange device 74 . The heat exchange device 74 comprises a mixing unit 76 , a combustion enclosure 78 and an exhaust unit 80 .
The mixing unit 76 is equipped with an air supply fan 82 and a venturi section 84 . Fuel gas G and air Air are supplied to the venturi section 84, and the fuel gas G and air Air are mixed by the venturi function to form a mixture GM. The amount of air supplied to the venturi portion 84 is adjusted by the rotation of the air supply fan 82 and the opening of the air adjustment valve 86 . The fuel gas G is introduced into the venturi section 84 according to the amount of air supplied, that is, according to the opening of the gas control valve 87 .

Combustion enclosure 78 is equipped with metal knit burner 88 , primary heat exchanger 90 and secondary heat exchanger 92 . A metal knit burner 88 is an example of a combustion means having a metal knit 94 on its combustion surface. The air-fuel mixture GM flows from the rear surface of the metal knit burner 88 toward the combustion surface, flame 96 is generated on the surface of the metal knit 94, and combustion exhaust gas EG is generated.
The primary heat exchanger 90 is arranged upstream with respect to the flow of the combustion exhaust gas EG, and heat-exchanges mainly the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG to the water WR.
The secondary heat exchanger 92 is arranged downstream of the primary heat exchanger 90 with respect to the flow of the combustion exhaust gas EG, and heat-exchanges mainly the latent heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG after heat exchange to the water WR.

The combustion exhaust gas EG that has passed through the secondary heat exchanger 92 is released to the outside air through the exhaust unit 80 . The heat exchange unit 14 already described is used for this secondary heat exchanger 92, and the same parts as those in FIGS.
This exhaust unit 80 is provided with a drain receiver 98 below the secondary heat exchanger 92 . The drain D generated in the secondary heat exchanger 92 is collected in the drain receiver 98 and discharged to the outside through the drain port 100 .
Water WR is led from the water supply pipe 64 to the inlet port 24 of the heat exchange unit 14 . A primary heat exchanger 90 is connected to the outlet port 26 through an outlet pipe 70 . The water outlet pipe 70 is an example of a conduit through which the water WR passes. The water WR after heat exchange in the heat exchange unit 14 is introduced into the primary heat exchanger 90 through the water outlet pipe 70 . That is, the water WR is heated in the heat exchange unit 14 and then heated again in the primary heat exchanger 90 by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG.
Although the heat exchange unit 14 is used as the secondary heat exchanger 92 in this example, the heat exchange unit 14 may be used as the primary heat exchanger 90 .

<Effects of the Fifth Embodiment>
According to this fifth embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the heat exchange tubes 2 described above are used in the heat exchange device 74, the density of the heat exchange tubes 2 per unit volume can be increased.
(2) By increasing the density of the heat exchange tubes 2, it is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency, reduce the volume occupied by the heat exchange unit 14 of the heat exchange device 74, and make the heat exchange device 74 compact. It is possible to achieve downsizing and miniaturization.

[Sixth Embodiment]
<Hot water system>
FIG. 28 shows a hot water supply system according to the sixth embodiment. The configuration shown in FIG. 28 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.
The hot water supply system 102 is provided with the heat exchange device 74 described above. The same parts as those in FIG. 27 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
Water WR is supplied to the water supply pipe 64 from, for example, a water supply. The water supply pipe 64 is equipped with a temperature sensor 104 , a water flow sensor 106 and a water supply valve 108 . A temperature sensor 104 detects the temperature of the water WR. A water flow sensor 106 detects water flow entering the water supply pipe 64 . A water supply valve 108 is used to adjust the amount of water supply.

A hot water outlet pipe 110 is connected to the outlet side of the primary heat exchanger 90 . A bypass pipe 112 is connected between the hot water supply pipe 110 and the water supply pipe 64 . The hot water outlet pipe 110 is equipped with a temperature sensor 114 and a mixture temperature sensor 116 . A temperature sensor 114 detects the hot water temperature on the outlet side of the primary heat exchanger 90 . A mixed temperature sensor 116 detects the mixed temperature of the hot water HWR and the water WR. A bypass valve 118 is provided in the bypass pipe 112 . The bypass valve 118 is used to adjust the amount of water WR mixed with the hot water HWR by adjusting the degree of opening.
A gas supply pipe 120 is connected to the mixing unit 76 and the fuel gas G is supplied through the gas supply pipe 120 . A gas valve 122 is provided on the gas supply pipe 120 . This gas valve 122 is used to adjust the amount of fuel gas flowing from the gas supply pipe 120 to the mixing unit 76 .

<Control unit>
FIG. 29 shows hot water supply controller 124 of hot water supply system 102 . The hot water supply control function of hot water supply control unit 124 is implemented by a computer. Therefore, the hot water supply control unit 124 is provided with a processor 126 , a memory unit 128 and an input/output unit (I/O) 130 .
The processor 126 executes an OS (Operating System) and various control programs stored in the memory unit 128 . The memory unit 128 stores an OS, control programs, and various control data. A recording medium such as a ROM (Read-Only Memory), a RAM (Random-Access Memory), and an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is used for the memory unit 128, and a hard disk device or a semiconductor memory is used. The RAM constitutes a work area for hot water supply control, calculation, and the like.

The I/O 130 is used for data input/output. The I/O 130 is connected to an air control valve 86, a gas control valve 87, a temperature sensor 104, a water flow sensor 106, a water supply valve 108, a temperature sensor 114, a mixture temperature sensor 116, a bypass valve 118 and a gas valve 122. Detection signals from these sensors are taken into the I/O 130 under the control of the processor 126, and control outputs obtained by the processor 126 are output from the I/O 130 to control function units such as the water supply valve 108 and the like. The air supply fan motor 132 rotates the air supply fan 82 described above.

<Hot water supply operation>
FIG. 30 shows a processing procedure of hot water supply control of hot water supply system 102 . This processing procedure is an example of the control function of hot water supply system 102, and the present invention is not limited to such a function.
When the water supply valve 108 of the water supply pipe 64 is opened, water WR flows into the water supply pipe 64 . A water flow sensor 106 detects the presence or absence of the water flow of the water WR.
In this processing procedure, the start of the hot water supply control is triggered by the detection of flowing water by the flowing water sensor 106, and the presence or absence of detection of flowing water is determined (S11). If there is no running water (NO in S11), the system is stopped (S12) and returns to S11. That is, the standby state is maintained.
If there is running water (YES in S11), the metal knit burner 88 is ignited (S13) to enter a combustion state.
As a result, hot water supply temperature control (S14) and air-fuel ratio control (S15) are executed, and hot water is supplied at the set temperature.

<Effects of the sixth embodiment>
According to this sixth embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) According to the hot water supply system 102 , the hot water HWR controlled to the set temperature can be discharged from the hot water discharge pipe 110 by the water WR flowing into the water supply pipe 64 .
(2) Regarding this hot water discharge, since the heat exchange tube 2 and the heat exchange unit 14 described above are provided in the secondary heat exchanger 92, hot water with good heat exchange efficiency can be obtained.

[Seventh Embodiment]
FIG. 31 shows an example of the manufacturing process of the heat exchange tube according to the seventh embodiment. This manufacturing process is an example of a method of manufacturing a heat exchange tube.
This manufacturing process includes a process for processing the folded portion 4 , a process for adjusting the heat exchange tube 2 , and a process for forming the folded portion 4 .
In the process of forming the folded portion 4, for example, a seamless pipe 134 is used as a pipe suitable for the heat exchange tube 2, as shown in FIG. 31A. If the intermediate portion of the seamless pipe 134 is brought into contact with a jig 136 having a curved surface corresponding to the inner diameter of the folded portion 4 of the heat exchange tube 2, and the seamless pipe 134 is bent in the direction of arrow Q while maintaining the straight shape, the folded portion 4 can be obtained. is formed. Formability may be improved by heating the site where the folded portion 4 is formed.

After forming the folded portion 4, as shown in FIG. 31B, in the adjusting step, the shape of the flat portion 12 before molding is adjusted. By this adjustment, the heat exchange tube 2 having a U-shaped reciprocating pipeline portion is obtained.
Molds 138 and 140 are used in the step of forming the folded portion 4, as shown in FIG. 31C. A molding surface 142 of the molding die 138 is provided with a flat portion 144 and a tapered portion 146, and the heat exchange tube 2 before molding is installed on this molding surface 142. As shown in FIG.
The molding surface 148 of the mold 140 is provided with a flat portion 150 and a tapered portion 152 similar to the mold 138 . The heat exchange tube 2 before molding is placed on the molding surface 142 of the molding die 138 . When pressure P is applied to the mold 140 , the mold 140 is pressed against the heat exchange tube 2 on the mold 138 with this pressure P. Thereby, the flat portion 12 is formed at the folded portion 4 of the heat exchange tube 2 .

<Effects of the seventh embodiment>
(1) The heat exchange tube 2 can be easily formed from a flat seamless pipe.
(2) The flattened width of the flattened portion 12 of the heat exchange tube 2 can be controlled to a uniform width by adjusting the pressure interval between the molds 138 and 140 .
(3) By using the heat exchange tube 2 formed in this way, the heat exchange unit 14 shown in FIG. 13 can be manufactured.

(4) The heat exchange tube portion 18 can be manufactured by inserting the heat exchange tubes 2 into the mounting holes 40 of the heat exchange tube mounting panel 28 and welding them.
(5) Before fixing the rear panel 30 to the heat exchange tube mounting panel 28, the partition members 32-1 and 32-2 are combined, and the rear panel 30 including the partition members 32-1 and 32-2 is subjected to heat exchange. The heat exchange unit 14 can be obtained by combining with the pipe mounting panel 28 and integrating by welding.

[Eighth Embodiment]
Although the metal knit burner 88 is installed above the heat exchange unit 14 in the above embodiment, the heat exchange unit 14 may be installed above the burner. FIG. 32 shows a heat exchange device according to an eighth embodiment in which the heat exchange unit 14 is installed above the burner.
In the heat exchange device 154 according to this embodiment, as an example, a single combustion housing 78 is provided. An air supply fan 158 is provided in the lower portion of the combustion housing 78, and a combustion section 160, a primary heat exchanger 162, and a secondary heat exchanger 164 are provided inside the combustion housing 78 from the bottom side. is provided with an exhaust portion 166 . The combustion section 160 is equipped with a mixing unit 168 and a burner 170 .
Fuel gas G is supplied to the mixing unit 168 from a fuel supply pipe, and this fuel gas G is mixed with air Air to form a mixture GM. This air-fuel mixture GM is supplied from the mixing unit 168 to the burner 170 and combusted. The combustion exhaust gas EG generated by this combustion passes through the primary heat exchanger 162 and reaches the exhaust section 166 via the secondary heat exchanger 164 .

The primary heat exchanger 162 is arranged upstream in the flow of the combustion exhaust gas EG, and mainly sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG is heat-exchanged with the water WR.
The heat exchange unit 14 already described is installed in the secondary heat exchanger 164, and the details of this heat exchange unit 14 are as described above, except that the folding chamber is not provided, so the description thereof is omitted. do.
In the secondary heat exchanger 164, mainly the latent heat of the combustion exhaust gas EG whose temperature has been lowered from the upstream side after heat exchange is heat-exchanged to the water WR before heat exchange. Drainage D generated by this is collected in a drain receiver 174 installed below the secondary heat exchanger 164 and discharged to the outside of the combustion housing 78 through a drain pipe 176 .

<Effects of the eighth embodiment>
According to this eighth embodiment, the same effects as those of the sixth embodiment can be obtained.

[Other embodiments]
(1) In the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, the single heat exchange unit 14 is provided in the secondary heat exchanger. and individually heating multiple types of fluids to be heated.
(2) In the above embodiment, the header portion 16 of the heat exchange unit 14 is installed inside the combustion housing, but the header portion 16 may be installed outside the combustion housing.
(3) In the above embodiment, a seamless pipe is used as the heat exchange tube 2, but a corrugated pipe having a plurality of folds may be used, or a plurality of folded portions 4 may be provided in the middle. .

As described above, the most preferable embodiment and the like of the present invention have been described. The invention is not limited to the above description. Various modifications and changes are possible for those skilled in the art based on the gist of the invention described in the claims or disclosed in the detailed description. It goes without saying that such modifications and changes are included in the scope of the present invention.

The present invention increases the degree of contact between the combustion exhaust gas and the heat exchange tubes to improve the heat exchange efficiency, and also increases the density of the heat exchange tubes to reduce the size of the heat exchange unit, the heat exchange device, and the hot water supply system. It is useful because it can also be realized.

2 Heat Exchange Tube 4 Folded Portion 6 Reciprocating Pipe Line Portion 6-1, 6-2 Pipe Line Portion 8-1 Start End 8-2 End Portion 10 Spacing 12 Flat Portion 14 Heat Exchange Unit 16 Header Portion 18 Heat Exchange Pipe Portion 18 -1 First heat exchange tube group 18-2 Second heat exchange tube group 18-3 Third heat exchange tube group 18-4 Fourth heat exchange tube group 18-5 Fifth heat exchange tube group 18 -6 6th heat exchange tube group 18-7 7th heat exchange tube group 18-8 8th heat exchange tube group 18-9 9th heat exchange tube group 18-10 10th heat exchange tube group 20 Partition wall 22-1 Entrance chamber 22-21, 22-22, 22-23, 22-24, 22-25 Passage chamber 22-3, 22-31, 22-32, 22-33, 22-34, 22 -35 Folding chamber 22-4 Outlet side chamber 24 Inlet side port 26 Outlet side port 28 Heat exchange tube mounting panel 30 Rear panel 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5 Partition member 34 Fixation panel section 36 top panel section 38 bottom panel section 40 mounting hole 42 port fixing panel section 44 side panel section 46 side panel section 48 fixing section 50 top side partition wall 52 bottom side partition wall 54 left and right partition walls 56, 58 fixing section 60, 62 Pipe fixing part 64 Water supply pipe 66 Flange part 68 Fixing screw 70 Outlet pipe 72 Welding 74 Heat exchange device 76 Mixing unit 78 Combustion housing 80 Exhaust unit 82 Air supply fan 84 Venturi part 86 Air adjustment valve 87 Gas adjustment valve 88 Metal knit Burner 90 Primary heat exchanger 92 Secondary heat exchanger 94 Metal knit 96 Flame 98 Drain receiver 100 Drain port 102 Hot water supply system 104 Temperature sensor 106 Flowing water sensor 108 Water supply valve 110 Hot water outlet pipe 112 Bypass pipe 114 Temperature sensor 116 Mixing temperature sensor 118 Bypass Valve 120 Gas supply pipe 122 Gas valve 124 Hot water supply controller 126 Processor 128 Memory unit 130 Input/output unit (I/O)
132 air supply fan motor 134 seamless pipe 136 jig 138, 140 mold 142 molding surface 144 flat portion 146 tapered portion 148 molding surface 150 flat portion 152 tapered portion 154 heat exchanger 158 air supply fan 160 combustion portion 162 primary heat exchanger 164 secondary heat exchanger 166 exhaust section 168 mixing unit 170 burner 174 drain receiver 176 drain pipe

Claims (12)

A heat exchange unit for exchanging heat of combustion exhaust with a fluid to be heated,
a heat exchange tube section including single or multiple heat exchange tubes through which a fluid to be heated flows;
A first panel section having a plurality of mounting holes through which the heat exchange tubes are mounted, and a space section formed between the first panel section by combining with the first panel section. and a second panel portion to be formed and fixed to the second panel portion to partition the space portion into an inlet chamber, a passage chamber, a turn-around chamber, and an outlet chamber each connected to the heat exchange tube portion. a header section including a partition member, each chamber forming a flow path for the fluid to be heated through the heat exchange tube section;
with
The partition member comprises a first partition member that vertically partitions the interior of the space into the folding chamber, the passage chamber, the entry-side chamber, and the exit-side chamber, and partitions the space in the left-right direction. and a second partition member that partitions the passage chamber into a first passage chamber and a second passage chamber, and partitions the passage chamber into the entry side chamber and the exit side chamber. . The heat exchange tube section comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes,
Between the entry side chamber and the first passage chamber of the header section, between the first passage chamber and the turn chamber, between the turn chamber and the second passage chamber, and the second passage chamber . 2. The heat exchange unit according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tube is connected between two passage chambers and the exit chamber. The heat exchange pipe portion has a flat portion that is flattened in a direction orthogonal to the curved surface of the folded portion, and is composed of a pipe portion extending from the starting end to the folded portion and a pipe portion extending from the folded portion to the terminal end. A plurality of heat exchange tubes provided with an interval equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the pipeline part between them,
3. The heat exchange unit according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel with the flat portions overlapping each other. Each of the heat exchange tubes is arranged with a portion of the pipeline section of the other heat exchange tube inserted within the spacing of the pipeline sections, and the spacing between adjacent pipeline sections is less than the diameter of the pipeline. 4. The heat exchange unit according to claim 3, characterized in that it is set. Further, the heat exchange tubes are disposed between the inlet chamber and the first pass chamber, between the first pass chamber and the turn chamber, and between the turn chamber and the second pass chamber. , and connected between the second pass chamber and the exit chamber, between the entry chamber and the first pass chamber, between the first pass chamber and the turn chamber, the A temperature gradient is set in the heated fluid flowing between the turn-back chamber and the second passage chamber and between the second passage chamber and the delivery side chamber. 5. A heat exchange unit according to any one of claims 4 to 5. a combustion housing through which the combustion exhaust flows;
a heat exchange unit located within the combustion enclosure;
wherein the heat exchange unit comprises
a heat exchange tube section including single or multiple heat exchange tubes through which a fluid to be heated flows;
A first panel section having a plurality of mounting holes through which the heat exchange tubes are mounted, and a space section formed between the first panel section by combining with the first panel section. and a second panel portion to be formed and fixed to the second panel portion to partition the space portion into an inlet chamber, a passage chamber, a turn-around chamber, and an outlet chamber each connected to the heat exchange tube portion. a header section including a partition member, each chamber forming a flow path for the fluid to be heated through the heat exchange tube section;
with
The partition member comprises a first partition member that vertically partitions the interior of the space into the folding chamber, the passage chamber, the entry-side chamber, and the exit-side chamber, and partitions the space in the left-right direction. and a second partition member that partitions the passage chamber into a first passage chamber and a second passage chamber, and partitions the passage chamber into the entrance chamber and the exit chamber. . Each of the heat exchange tubes has a flattened portion that is flattened in a direction perpendicular to the curved surface of the folded portion. It is installed with a space equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the pipeline part between it and the pipeline part leading to
7. The heat exchange device according to claim 6, wherein the combustion exhaust gas is caused to flow in a direction intersecting with the fluid to be heated flowing through the heat exchange tubes, and the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is heat-exchanged with the fluid to be heated. A burner installed above or below the heat exchange unit,
8. The heat exchange device according to claim 6, wherein the combustion exhaust is brought into contact with the heat exchange tube in a direction crossing the flowing direction of the fluid to be heated. a burner for burning fuel gas;
a combustion housing through which combustion exhaust of the burner flows;
a heat exchange unit located within the combustion enclosure;
a heat exchange tube section in which the heat exchange unit includes a single or multiple heat exchange tubes through which a fluid to be heated flows;
A first panel section having a plurality of mounting holes through which the heat exchange tubes are mounted, and a space section formed between the first panel section by combining with the first panel section. and a second panel portion to be formed and fixed to the second panel portion to partition the space portion into an inlet chamber, a passage chamber, a turn-around chamber, and an outlet chamber each connected to the heat exchange tube portion. a header section including a partition member, each chamber forming a flow path for the fluid to be heated through the heat exchange tube section;
with
The partition member comprises a first partition member that vertically partitions the interior of the space into the folding chamber, the passage chamber, the entry-side chamber, and the exit-side chamber, and partitions the space in the left-right direction. and a second partition member that partitions the passage chamber into a first passage chamber and a second passage chamber, and partitions the passage chamber into the entry side chamber and the exit side chamber. a primary heat exchange unit disposed upstream of the combustion exhaust flow ;
a pipeline that allows the fluid to be heated flowing through the heat exchange unit to flow through the primary heat exchange unit;
10. The hot water supply system according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchange unit exchanges latent heat of combustion exhaust after heat exchange in the primary heat exchange unit with the fluid to be heated. An air supply fan for supplying air to the burner,
11. The hot water supply system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein combustion exhaust gas generated in said burner is caused to flow to said heat exchange unit by said air supply fan. 10. The hot water supply system according to claim 9, wherein the combustion housing is provided with a drain receiver for receiving drain generated in the heat exchange unit.

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