JP7287673B2 - Hydroponics apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for cultivating plants, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for hydroponically growing plants.

As a method for cultivating plants such as crops, there is a method called hydroponics in which plants are cultivated with water and liquid fertilizer (nutrient solution) without using soil. Hydroponics does not use soil, so soil management is not required, and planned cultivation is possible by controlling the nutrient solution. Hydroponics requires, for example, a nutrient tank containing a nutrient solution and a plant holder for holding a plant floating in the nutrient solution tank, as described in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2019-10077 A

However, since hydroponics requires nutrient tanks and plant holders as described above, as the scale of plant cultivation increases, the number of nutrient tanks and plant holders to be prepared increases. , the equipment is very expensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problem that the equipment used for hydroponics is very expensive.

A hydroponic cultivation apparatus, which is one embodiment of the present invention,
A sheet material that has a predetermined width and length and can float on the surface of water;
a sheet winding device for winding the sheet material into a roll along the length direction;
a string connected to one end in the length direction of the sheet material,
The sheet material has a front surface on which the object to be cultivated is arranged and a back surface arranged on the water surface side, and a plurality of through portions penetrating between the front surface and the back surface are formed,
The sheet winding device rotates the roll-shaped sheet material so that the sheet material is pulled out from the roll-shape by pulling the string in a state where the cultivation target is arranged on the surface of the sheet material. allow, whereby the sheet material is configured to be spread over the water surface,
Further, the sheet winding device is configured so as to be able to wind the sheet material in a state where the cultivation target is arranged on the surface of the water surface from the other end side in the length direction into a roll. there is

Then, in the above hydroponic cultivation apparatus,
In the sheet winding device, the sheet material is pulled by pulling the string toward the other edge located on the opposite bank across the water surface from the one edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged. The roll-shaped sheet material is allowed to rotate so as to be pulled out from the roll, thereby spreading the sheet material on the water surface from the one edge side toward the other edge side.

Further, in the above hydroponic cultivation apparatus,
One edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged is arranged on the other edge located on the opposite bank across the water surface, and from the sheet material located on the one edge side to the other edge Equipped with a folding device that folds the extending string toward the one edge,
In the sheet winding device, the string is pulled to the one edge side in a state where the cultivation target is arranged on the surface of the sheet material, so that the sheet material is pulled to the other edge side via the folding device. Allowing rotation of the sheet material in the roll so that the sheet material is pulled out from the roll by being pulled, thereby spreading the sheet material on the water surface from the one edge side to the other edge side. Configured.

Further, in the above hydroponic cultivation apparatus,
The sheet material has a plurality of rod-shaped bodies arranged in parallel along the width direction, and the rod-shaped bodies are connected along the longitudinal direction, and the through portion is formed between the rod-shaped bodies. there is

In addition, a hydroponic cultivation method, which is another embodiment of the present invention,
A sheet material that has a predetermined width and length and can float on the surface of water;
a sheet winding device for winding the sheet material into a roll along the length direction;
a string connected to one end in the length direction of the sheet material,
Hydroponics in which the sheet material has a front surface on which the object to be cultivated is arranged and a back surface arranged on the water surface side, and a plurality of penetrating portions penetrating between the front surface and the back surface are formed. A hydroponic cultivation method using a cultivation apparatus,
The sheet material is wound into a roll along the length direction by the sheet winding device,
By pulling the string connected to one end in the length direction of the sheet material, the roll-shaped sheet material is allowed to rotate by the sheet winding device. By arranging the cultivation object on the surface of the sheet material in the vicinity of the arrangement position of the sheet winding device, and repeatedly pulling the string and arranging the cultivation object, the cultivation object is Spreading the sheet material arranged on the surface on the water surface,
After that, the sheet material, which is spread on the surface of the water and the cultivation target is placed on the surface, is wound into a roll from the other end in the length direction by the sheet winding device, and the sheet is wound. recovering the cultivation target placed on the surface of the sheet material near the place where the device is placed;
take the configuration.

And in the above hydroponic cultivation method,
The sheet material is pulled out from the roll by pulling the string toward the other edge located on the opposite side of the water surface from the one edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged. spread over the water surface from the one edge side toward the other edge side,
take the configuration.

In addition, in the above hydroponic cultivation method,
The hydroponic cultivation device further includes a sheet material located on the other edge located on the opposite bank across the water surface from the one edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged, and the sheet material located on the one edge side A folding device for folding back the string extending from the other edge toward the one edge,
By pulling the string toward the one edge side, the sheet material is pulled toward the other edge side through the folding device to pull out the sheet material from the roll, and the sheet material is pulled out from the roll. Spreading on the water surface from the edge side toward the other edge side of
take the configuration.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION By being comprised as mentioned above, this invention can arrange|position a cultivation target on the water surface by simple structure, and can suppress apparatus cost and can perform hydroponics.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure and usage method of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in this invention, and is a figure which especially shows the state at the time of planting a cultivation target object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure and usage method of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in this invention, and is a figure which shows the state at the time of harvesting especially a cultivation target object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure and usage method of the sheet|seat winding apparatus and sheet material which comprise the hydroponics apparatus in this invention, and is a figure which especially shows the state at the time of planting a cultivation target object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure and usage method of the sheet|seat winding apparatus and sheet material which comprise the hydroponics apparatus in this invention, and is a figure which especially shows the state at the time of planting a cultivation target object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the structure and usage method of the sheet|seat winding apparatus and sheet material which comprise the hydroponics apparatus in this invention, and is a figure which especially shows the state at the time of planting a cultivation target object. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the hydroponic cultivation method by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in this invention, and especially shows the procedure at the time of planting a cultivation target object. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the hydroponic cultivation method by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in this invention, and especially shows the procedure at the time of harvesting a cultivation target object.

<Embodiment 1>
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. FIG. 1 to 5 are diagrams for explaining the configuration and usage of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and FIGS. 6 to 7 are diagrams for explaining the procedure of the hydroponic cultivation method.

[composition]
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus in this embodiment is used in a paddy field G as shown in FIG. That is, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus in this embodiment is an apparatus for performing hydroponic cultivation using the water filled in the paddy field G. However, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the present invention is not necessarily limited to being used in the paddy field G, and can be used in areas filled with water such as pools and reservoirs.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus includes a sheet material 1 to be spread on the water surface W of a paddy field G, a sheet winding device 10 for winding the sheet material 1 into a roll, and a sheet material 1 connected to the sheet material. and a folding device 20 for folding back the string body 2. - 特許庁The sheet winding device 10 is arranged at a predetermined edge (one edge) surrounding the water surface W of the paddy field G, and the predetermined edge on which the sheet winding device 10 is arranged is located on the opposite bank across the water surface W. At the other edge (the other edge) located, a folding device 20 is arranged. In other words, the sheet winding device 10 and the folding device 20 are arranged at the opposite edges surrounding the water surface W of the paddy field G, respectively. The edge surrounding the water surface W of the paddy field G is, for example, a ridge, but may be any place as long as it is an area surrounding the water surface W.

Here, the configurations of the sheet material 1 and the sheet winding device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. First, the sheet material 1 is a strip-shaped member having a predetermined width and length. For example, the sheet material 1 is composed of a blind made by weaving bamboo, reeds, or the like. That is, the sheet material 1 is constructed by arranging a plurality of rod-shaped bodies such as bamboo or reeds in parallel along the width direction and connecting the rod-shaped bodies along the length direction. For this reason, gaps are formed between a plurality of rod-shaped bodies such as bamboos and reeds that constitute the sheet material 1, and a penetrating portion that penetrates the front surface and the back surface of the sheet material 1 itself is formed. . Further, since the sheet material 1 is constructed by weaving bamboo, reeds, or the like, it is constructed so as to be floated on the water surface W by its buoyancy.

In addition, the sheet material 1 can be floated on the water surface W with the back side facing the water surface W side. Water in paddy field G can be obtained. In other words, the cultivation target T can obtain water by extending roots into the paddy field G from the penetration portion of the sheet material 1 . The cultivation target T may be, for example, vegetables such as leaf lettuce, spinach, honeywort, mizuna, or any plant.

In addition, since the sheet material 1 has a configuration in which a plurality of rod-shaped bodies are arranged in parallel along the width direction as described above, the sheet material 1 can be wound into a roll shape along the length direction. It is possible. At this time, the sheet material 1 is wound up by the sheet winding device 10 and formed into a roll shape, and the state at that time is shown in FIGS. Although FIG. 4 shows a rod-shaped body such as bamboo or reed that constitutes the blind, which is the sheet material 1, in FIG. Rod-shaped bodies such as bamboo and reeds are simply shown without illustration. 5 also shows the sheet material 1 in a simplified manner.

In this embodiment, the sheet winding device 10 includes a shaft that serves as a central axis when the sheet material 1 is wound. It has a structure that Accordingly, the sheet winding device 10 can wind the sheet material 1 into a roll by rotating the shaft with the sheet material 1 wound around the shaft. The sheet winding device 10 may include a handle for rotating the shaft, and the sheet material 1 may be wound into a roll by rotating the handle. However, the sheet winding device 10 may be configured to wind the sheet material 1 into a roll by any method. It may be configured to take

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a string 2 is connected to one end of the sheet material 1 in the length direction, that is, to one end located on the outermost periphery when the sheet material 1 is in a roll shape. Specifically, two cords 2 are connected at one end of the sheet material 1 at a predetermined interval, and the two cords 2 are combined into one at the tip. The string body 2 is formed to have a total length longer than the length of one reciprocation between the edges of the paddy field G with the water surface W therebetween. In other words, the string 2 is formed to have a length that is at least twice the distance between the sheet winding device 10 and the folding device 20 which are arranged on opposite banks with the water surface W of the paddy field G interposed therebetween.

Further, the folding device 20 arranged on the opposite bank with the water surface W of the paddy field G therebetween from the sheet winding device 10 described above is configured with, for example, a pulley. The folding device 20 winds the string 2 extending from the end of the sheet material 1 wound into a roll by the sheet winding device 10 positioned at one edge of the paddy field G to the other edge side to the pulley and rewinds it. It is folded back to one edge side, and the leading end of the string 2 is extended to the position of the sheet winding device 10 and arranged. As a result, the tip of the string 2 is pulled to one edge side at the position of the sheet winding device 10, so that the pulling direction of the string 2 is smoothly reversed by the pulley of the folding device 20, and the sheet material 1 is rolled. One end can be pulled toward the other end. Note that the folding device 20 is not necessarily limited to having pulleys, and may have any configuration.

[Cultivation procedure]
Next, the procedure of the hydroponic cultivation method using the hydroponic cultivation apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. FIG. First, a procedure for planting a cultivation object T in a paddy field G will be described mainly with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, the worker U winds up the sheet material 1 by the sheet winding device 10 into a roll shape, and arranges it on one edge of the paddy field G. As shown in FIG. Further, the operator U places the folding device 20 on the other edge of the paddy field G on which the sheet winding device 10 is arranged (step S1 in FIG. 6). Then, the operator U moves the string 2 connected to one end of the sheet material 1 wound in a roll shape to the sheet winding device 10 located at one edge of the paddy field G to the other side of the paddy field G on the opposite bank. The string 2 is wrapped around the pulley of the folding device 20 positioned at the edge of the string 2 and folded back to one edge, and the leading end of the string 2 is placed at the place of the sheet winding device 10 positioned at the one edge (step S2 in FIG. 6). . As a result, the worker U is in a state of gripping the string 20 at the position of the sheet winding device 10 on one edge side of the paddy field G, as shown in FIG.

Subsequently, the operator U pulls the string 2 toward one edge as indicated by an arrow Y1 in FIG. At this time, by pulling the string 2 by a small distance, the tip of the roll-shaped sheet material 1 is pulled toward the other edge side as shown in FIG. 3, and the sheet material 1 is pulled out from the roll ( Step S3 in FIG. 6). As a result, the sheet material 1 spreads out to form a surface on the upper portion of the sheet winding device 10 . Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the operator U arranges one or a plurality of cultivation objects T on the surface of the sheet material 1 spread on the upper part of the sheet winding device 10 (step of FIG. 6 S4). The cultivation target T to be placed at this time is a seedling of a plant such as vegetables such as leaf lettuce, spinach, Japanese honeysuckle, mizuna, etc., which are hydroponically cultivated, but any plant may be used. Moreover, the cultivation target T such as a seedling may be in a state where the soil is attached, or in any state.

After that, the operator U pulls the string 2 by a small distance (step S3 in FIG. 6), and stretches the surface of the sheet material 1 spread on the upper part of the sheet winding device 10, as described above. The operation of arranging the object T (step S4 in FIG. 6) is repeated. That is, the operator U pulls out the sheet material 1 little by little from the roll while pulling the string 2 little by little. Arrangement of the object to be cultivated T is repeated. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the sheet material 1 is gradually spread over the water surface W of the paddy field G with the cultivation target T placed on the surface thereof.

Then, the worker U pulls out the sheet material 1 from one edge of the paddy field G where the sheet winding device 10 is located to the other edge of the opposite bank as indicated by the arrow Y2 in FIG. If Yes in S5), the operation of drawing out the sheet material 1 and arranging the cultivation object T is stopped. As a result, the sheet material 1 is spread over the water surface W of the paddy field G as much as possible, and the hydroponic planting of the cultivation target T placed on the surface is completed (step S6 in FIG. 6).

The cultivation target T planted as described above floats on the water surface W as shown in FIG. In addition, the cultivated object T can obtain water by extending roots into the paddy field G from the penetrating portions formed in the gaps of bamboo, reeds, or the like of the sheet material 1 . Thus, hydroponics is implemented.

Next, referring mainly to the flowchart of FIG. 7, a procedure for harvesting a cultivation object T hydroponically cultivated in a paddy field will be described. After the seedling, which is the object to be cultivated T planted in the paddy field G as described above, is cultivated and has grown to a harvestable level, the operator U performs the following procedure for harvesting.

First, the worker U operates the sheet winding device 10 to wind the sheet material 1 spread over the water surface W of the paddy field G into a roll from the other end in the length direction (step S11 in FIG. 7). ). As a result, the sheet material 1 is wound so as to move from the other edge side of the paddy field G to the one edge side, as indicated by the arrow Y3 in FIG. At this time, the operator U winds up the sheet material 1 until the hydroponically cultivated object T is positioned in the area of the sheet material 1 located near the upper portion of the sheet winding device 10, and the cultivation of the area is performed. The object T is collected (step S12 in FIG. 7).

After that, the worker U gradually winds up the sheet material 1 (step S11 in FIG. 7) and collects the cultivation target T in the region of the sheet material 1 located above the sheet winder 10. (Step S12 in FIG. 7) is repeated. In other words, the worker U repeats collecting the cultivation target T located in the area of the wound sheet material 1 spread above the sheet winding device 10 while winding the sheet material 1 little by little. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the cultivated objects T cultivated on the surface of the sheet material 1 spread over the water surface W of the paddy field G are harvested one after another.

Then, when the operator U collects all the cultivation objects T on the sheet material 1 and winds up all the sheet materials 1 on the sheet winding device 10 (Yes in step S13 of FIG. 7), the cultivation object T is completed (step S14 in FIG. 7).

As described above, according to the plant cultivating apparatus and the plant cultivating method of the present embodiment, the operator U pulls the string 2 of the sheet material 1 wound into a roll, and places the cultivation target T on the spot. By arranging it on the surface of the sheet material 1, the sheet material 1 on which the cultivation target T is arranged can be spread over the water surface W of the paddy field G. In addition, the worker U can harvest the cultivation target T on the sheet material 1 located at the place where the sheet material 1 is wound by winding the sheet material 1 with the sheet winding device 10 . Therefore, even in a wide area such as the paddy field G, the hydroponics of the cultivation target T can be performed using a device with a simple configuration, and the cost of the device can be reduced. In addition, since the planting and harvesting operations can be performed at the location where the sheet winding device 10 is arranged, hydroponic cultivation can be performed by one person even over a wide area, and work efficiency can be improved.

In the above, the string 2 connected to the end of the sheet material 1 is folded back using the folding device 20 on the opposite bank, and the sheet material 1 is pulled out at the position where the sheet winding device 10 is arranged. However, the string 2 is not necessarily arranged so as to be folded back using the folding device 20 on the opposite bank. For example, another operator who places the tip of the string 2 on the opposite edge of the paddy field G where the sheet winding device 10 is arranged, and who is positioned on the other edge of the string 2 You can pull it gradually. Then, on one side of the paddy field G, another worker U places the cultivation object T on the surface of the sheet material 1 that is gradually pulled out at the place where the sheet winding device 10 is arranged. good too. As a result, the sheet material 1 on which the cultivation target T is arranged can be gradually spread over the water surface W from one edge side of the paddy field G toward the other edge side.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above-described embodiments and the like, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

1 sheet material 2 string 10 sheet winding device 20 folding device G paddy field W water surface U operator T cultivation object

Claims (5)

A sheet material that has a predetermined width and length and can float on the surface of water;
a sheet winding device for winding the sheet material into a roll along the length direction;
a string connected to one end in the length direction of the sheet material;
One edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged is arranged on the other edge located on the opposite bank across the water surface, and from the sheet material located on the one edge side to the other edge a folding device that folds the extending string toward the one edge;
with
The sheet material has a front surface on which the object to be cultivated is arranged and a back surface arranged on the water surface side, and a plurality of through portions penetrating between the front surface and the back surface are formed,
In the sheet winding device, the string is pulled to the one edge side in a state where the cultivation target is arranged on the surface of the sheet material, so that the sheet material is pulled to the other edge side via the folding device. Allowing rotation of the sheet material in the roll so that the sheet material is pulled out from the roll by being pulled, thereby spreading the sheet material on the water surface from the one edge side to the other edge side. configured,
Further, the sheet winding device is configured so as to be able to wind the sheet material in a state where the cultivation target is arranged on the surface of the water surface from the other end side in the length direction into a roll. there is
hydroponics equipment. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 ,
The sheet material has a plurality of rod-shaped bodies arranged in parallel along the width direction, and the rod-shaped bodies are connected along the longitudinal direction, and the through portion is formed between the rod-shaped bodies. there is
hydroponics equipment. A sheet material that has a predetermined width and length and can float on the surface of water;
a sheet winding device for winding the sheet material into a roll along the length direction;
a string connected to one end in the length direction of the sheet material,
Hydroponics in which the sheet material has a front surface on which the object to be cultivated is arranged and a back surface arranged on the water surface side, and a plurality of penetrating portions penetrating between the front surface and the back surface are formed. A hydroponic cultivation method using a cultivation apparatus,
The sheet material is wound into a roll along the length direction by the sheet winding device,
By pulling the string connected to one end in the length direction of the sheet material, the roll-shaped sheet material is allowed to rotate by the sheet winding device. By arranging the cultivation object on the surface of the sheet material in the vicinity of the arrangement position of the sheet winding device, and repeatedly pulling the string and arranging the cultivation object, the cultivation object is Spreading the sheet material arranged on the surface on the water surface,
After that, the sheet material spread on the water surface and the cultivated object is placed on the surface is wound into a roll from the other end in the length direction by the sheet winding device, and the sheet is wound. recovering the cultivation target placed on the surface of the sheet material near the place where the device is placed;
hydroponics method. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 3 ,
The sheet material is pulled out from the roll by pulling the string toward the other edge located on the opposite side of the water surface from the one edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged. spread over the water surface from the one edge side toward the other edge side,
hydroponics method. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 3 or 4 ,
The hydroponic cultivation device further includes a sheet material located on the other edge located on the opposite bank across the water surface from the one edge surrounding the water surface where the sheet winding device is arranged, and the sheet material located on the one edge side A folding device for folding back the string extending from the other edge toward the one edge,
By pulling the string toward the one edge side, the sheet material is pulled toward the other edge side through the folding device to pull out the sheet material from the roll, and the sheet material is pulled out from the roll. Spreading on the water surface from the edge side toward the other edge side of
hydroponics method.

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