JP7288809B2 - Concrete filling detection sensor, concrete filling detection method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sensor for detecting a state in which a space to be filled is filled with concrete used in civil engineering work, building work, etc., and a method therefor.

A concrete structure is constructed by pouring fresh concrete (ready-mixed concrete) into a closed space surrounded by a formwork, curing the concrete for a predetermined period, and then removing the formwork (demolding). More specifically, while fresh concrete is thrown into the formwork from a mixer truck or the like via a pump or piping, the fresh concrete that has been put in is agitated by a vibrator and compacted. .

Since the condition of the fresh concrete in the formwork is unknown until it is removed from the formwork, depending on the shape of the closed space, the fluidity of the fresh concrete, and the method of construction, it is possible that the placement will be insufficient after removal from the formwork. may become apparent. For example, there may be material separation on the concrete surface (bean board, junka) or indentations due to imperfect filling of the concrete.

As one method for preventing such initial defects, when placing fresh concrete in the formwork, it is checked whether the fresh concrete has spread to every corner in the formwork. There is a method of surveying with the formwork installed before doing so. Conventionally, a skilled person hits the formwork with a mallet or the like, and judges based on experience and intuition based on the sound of the impact.

However, in the conventional placement confirmation method based on the experience and intuition of a skilled worker, there is a problem that there is a large difference depending on the confirmer, and even if it is judged that it is filled, it may not actually be filled. there were.

In response to such problems, there have been proposed various methods for detecting the concrete filling state regardless of the skill level of the checker (see Patent Documents 1 to 3 below).

In Patent Document 1, a worker wears a wearable terminal equipped with an infrared camera and a visible light camera, images the side of the formwork, etc., and shares the information with the manager and other workers. A method for communicating placement conditions is disclosed.

Patent Document 2 discloses a detection method using a hammer-type concrete filling detection device equipped with a microphone and an accelerometer, and a concrete filling determination device connected to this detection device. Specifically, during the placement work, a worker hits the form member and concrete surface with a hammer-type concrete filling detection device, and the sound pressure and vibration acceleration are measured with a microphone and an accelerometer. Then, this measurement result is transmitted to the concrete filling determination device, and the concrete filling state is determined on the determination device side.

In Patent Document 3, using a filling sensor consisting of a pair of long conductors and an insulator covering the conductors, which is installed before concrete is placed, A method for detecting the filling state is disclosed using the change in capacitance.

JP 2018-123512 A JP 2017-190567 A JP 2013-92511 A

In addition to the purpose of suppressing the occurrence of initial defects in concrete structures, in order to clarify the cause and the location of responsibility in the event that a defect occurs, the pouring work proceeds according to the initial pouring plan. It is preferable to construct a system that can easily confirm whether or not the customer is satisfied and that can be introduced at a low cost.

In order to use the method of Patent Literature 1, a special wearable terminal is required, which may increase the introduction cost. In addition, since it is necessary to always place a worker at the measurement location in order to photograph the filling situation, if the site where the concrete is to be placed is large, it is necessary to have multiple workers It is necessary to allocate workers. Labor shortage is also a big problem in the construction industry, and there is a desire to reduce the number of workers dispatched to the site as much as possible. A method that can do this is preferable.

In order to use the method of Patent Document 2, a dedicated concrete filling detection device equipped with a microphone and an accelerometer that indicates the hammer shape is required, so the introduction cost may increase more than the method of Patent Document 1. There is In addition, since it is necessary to always place workers at the measurement location in order to hit the concrete and formwork to check the filling status, the site where concrete is poured is a large site as in Patent Document 1. In such a case, it is necessary to deploy a plurality of workers. For this reason, a method that can detect the filling state with fewer workers than the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 is more desirable.

In the method of Patent Document 3, a pair of conductors covered with an insulating material are arranged before casting, and a sensor provided at the tip of the conductor detects a change in the capacitance value indicated by the pair of conductors. Since it is a method of detecting the filling state by detecting, compared to the methods described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, it can be introduced at a low cost and may be detected with a small number of workers.

However, the method of Patent Document 3 can be applied when the space to be placed is narrow, such as placing concrete around the outer circumference of an existing concrete structure. It is unsuitable as a method of detection.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting filling of concrete, which can be introduced at a low cost and which imposes a small work load on workers involved in measurement. Another object of the present invention is to provide a concrete filling detection sensor suitable for implementing such a method.

A concrete filling detection sensor according to the present invention is characterized by including a light receiving element that outputs an electric signal when receiving light having a predetermined illuminance or more and/or outputs an electric signal corresponding to the illuminance of the received light. .

The concrete filling detection sensor is used when concrete (fresh concrete) is poured into an area surrounded by a formwork (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a "filling target space") and a pouring operation is performed. , is used to detect how much concrete is filled in the space to be filled. Preferably, the concrete filling detection sensor includes a plurality of the light-receiving elements, and is used with the plurality of light-receiving elements arranged at different depth positions in the space to be filled.

A photodiode, a phototransistor, an illuminance meter, or the like can be adopted as the light receiving element. It is also possible to use an LED element as the light receiving element. These elements can realize a concrete filling detection sensor at a low cost.

For example, assume that the light-receiving element is arranged at a depth D1 in the space to be filled. When the outermost surface of the concrete is deeper than the depth D1, the light receiving element receives light and outputs an electrical signal. On the other hand, when concrete is poured and the outermost surface is shallower than the depth D1, the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving element is hidden by the concrete. The illuminance of the received light is greatly reduced. As a result, the value of the electrical signal output from the light receiving element is greatly reduced, or no electrical signal is output.

Therefore, by confirming the change in the magnitude of the electric signal output from the light receiving element, it is possible to detect whether or not the concrete is filled up to the depth position in the area where the light receiving element is installed. can. It should be noted that the "change in the magnitude of the electrical signal" as used herein includes a change from a state in which the electrical signal indicates a predetermined level to a state in which the output of the electrical signal ceases.

According to the concrete filling detection sensor according to the present invention, since it is only necessary to detect a change in the magnitude of the electrical signal output from the light receiving element, a worker is sent to the site just to detect the concrete filling state. does not need to be placed in That is, the filling state of concrete can be detected without increasing the number of workers to be assigned to the site.

The light-receiving element includes a formwork into which concrete is poured, a reinforcing bar provided in an area surrounded by the formwork, and a spacer or insert provided between the reinforcing bar and the formwork. It may be constructed so that it can be attached to at least one of the locations.

In addition, the light receiving element may be integrated with at least one of a form into which concrete is poured and a spacer or an insert disposed between the reinforcing bar and the form. do not have. In this case, the concrete filling detection sensor is realized as a formwork integrated with the light receiving element, a spacer integrated with the light receiving element, or an insert integrated with the light receiving element.

The present invention provides a concrete filling detection method using the above concrete filling detection sensor,
a step (a) of arranging the light-receiving element on the inner surface of the mold or within the area surrounded by the mold;
After the step (a), a step (b) of pouring concrete into the area surrounded by the formwork;
a step (c) of continuously detecting the presence or absence or magnitude of the electrical signal output from the light receiving element over a predetermined period of time;
and a step (d) of judging that concrete is filled in a position where the light receiving element is arranged where the electric signal is not detected or the electric signal is below a predetermined value. do.

According to the above method, if the light-receiving element is arranged in advance before pouring the concrete, the filling state of the concrete can be detected by the level or presence/absence of the electric signal output from the light-receiving element. As a result, there is no need to arrange a separate worker on site for the detection work, and the detection work can be realized at a low cost.

The step (a) is a step of arranging a plurality of the light receiving elements at different depth positions on the inner surface of the mold or within the area surrounded by the mold,
The step (c) may be a step of continuously detecting the presence or absence or magnitude of the electrical signal output from each of the plurality of light receiving elements over the predetermined period of time.

According to the above method, when the area surrounded by the formwork is large, it is possible to detect the filling state of the concrete with fine accuracy according to the number of the light receiving elements.

In step (d), the electrical signal is no longer detected or the electrical signal is below the threshold from a first state in which the electrical signal was detected or the electrical signal was above the threshold. When it is confirmed that the second state has continued for a predetermined time or more, the light receiving element indicating the second state is arranged at the time when the first state transitions to the second state. It may be determined that the filled position is filled with concrete.

According to such a method, it becomes possible to manage the filling state of concrete over time. In particular, in the step (a), if the light receiving elements are arranged at a plurality of positions when the space to be filled is viewed from above, the state of the electric signal output from each light receiving element changes from the first state to the second state. By managing the time when the state changes for each light-receiving element, it is possible to temporally manage the concrete filling state for each location even when the space to be filled is large.

In addition, it is also assumed that the illuminance of the light received by the light receiving element temporarily decreases due to external factors other than concrete filling, such as a worker temporarily passing through the light receiving area of the light receiving element. be. However, if the illuminance of the received light decreases due to such an external factor, it is expected that the illuminance of the received light will increase again after the external factor disappears after a short period of time. be. On the other hand, when the illuminance of the light received by the light receiving element decreases due to the filling of the concrete, the illuminance cannot rise again.

According to the above method, not only the transition from the first state to the second state, but also whether or not this second state has continued for a predetermined time or longer is confirmed. It is possible to prevent erroneous determination that concrete is filled due to a temporary decrease in illuminance.

The step (a) includes removing at least one of the inner surface of the formwork, reinforcing bars arranged inside the formwork, and spacers or inserts arranged between the reinforcing bars and the formwork. The step may be a step of arranging the light-receiving element at a location.

Further, in the concrete filling detection method, the light receiving element is connected to a spacer or an insert disposed between the surface of the formwork and a reinforcing bar disposed inside the formwork and the formwork. having a step (e) of attaching the RF tag,
The step (c) may include a step of receiving the electrical signal transmitted from the RF tag via wireless communication at a terminal compatible with wireless communication.

According to such a configuration, the electric signal output from the light-receiving element can be confirmed at the terminal without wiring the signal line from the light-receiving element to the outside of the mold. In particular, the terminal may be a general-purpose device such as a smart phone or a tablet PC installed with a dedicated application program capable of transmitting and receiving data to and from the RF tag via wireless communication. In this case, information on the filling state of concrete can be easily transmitted from a smartphone or tablet PC via a communication line such as the Internet to a management server installed at a location away from the site. Information sharing is facilitated for workers and managers.

The step (c) may be a step of acquiring the electric signal by a measuring device arranged outside the mold and connected to the light receiving element by a signal line. In this case, the measuring device may further be configured to be able to communicate with a smartphone or tablet PC using a general-purpose communication method such as Bluetooth (registered trademark).

The step (b) is a step of pouring concrete while illuminating the area surrounded by the formwork with a light source arranged on the boom for pouring concrete or the inner surface of the formwork. I don't mind.

Depending on the shape of the space to be filled and the geographical environment, it is conceivable that there may be places in the space to be filled where it is difficult for sunlight to enter. Even in such a case, since the concrete is poured while being illuminated by the light source, when the concrete is filled up to the arrangement position of the light receiving element, the illuminance of the light received by the light receiving element decreases and the light is output. The presence/absence or level of electrical signals can be detected.

According to the present invention, it is possible to detect the filling state of concrete with a low introduction cost and a small work load.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a concrete filling detection sensor and a concrete filling detection method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing when the space to be filled shown in FIG. 1 is viewed from the Z direction; FIG. 1. It is typical drawing when a part in filling space shown in FIG. 1 is cut|disconnected along XY plane at a certain height position. FIG. 3B is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the communication device is attached in a manner different from that in FIG. 3A; FIG. It is drawing which shows typically an example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically the state which throws in concrete in filling object space. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of a second embodiment of a concrete filling detection sensor and a concrete filling detection method of the present invention. FIG. 4 is another conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the concrete filling detection sensor and the concrete filling detection method of the present invention. It is drawing which shows typically an example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically an example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element. It is drawing which shows typically an example of the installation aspect of a light source. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light source. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light source. It is drawing which shows typically another example of the installation aspect of a light receiving element.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of a concrete filling detection sensor and a concrete filling detection method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In addition, in the following drawings, a part may be exaggerated, and the actual dimensional ratio and the dimensional ratio on the drawing do not necessarily match.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of a first embodiment of a concrete filling detection sensor and a concrete filling detection method.

The concrete filling detection system 1 shown in FIG. and a management server 41 to which predetermined information is transmitted from the Internet 40 .

The filling target space 10 is an area surrounded by the formwork 11 and is a space to be filled with concrete. Before the concrete filling work (placement work) is performed, the formwork 11 is attached to define the space 10 to be filled. For convenience of explanation, FIG. 1 shows a state in which no concrete is poured into the space 10 to be filled.

A plurality of reinforcing bars 12 are arranged inside the formwork 11 in the filling target space 10 . The formwork 11 is arranged so as to surround the filling target space 10 from four sides when viewed from the Z direction. FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of the filling target space 10 shown in FIG. 1 when viewed from the Z direction (from above).

The reinforcing bars 12 are spaced apart from each other in the direction parallel to the XY plane and are arranged in a shape extending in the Z direction. In addition, reinforcing bars 12 extending in the X direction or the Y direction are provided at some locations, and the reinforcing bars 12 extending in the Z direction are connected to each other.

A plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are arranged in the space 10 to be filled. These plurality of light receiving elements ( 2 , 2 , . . . ) constitute a concrete filling detection sensor 3 .

In the example shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable that the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are arranged at different depth positions (positions in the Z direction).

The light-receiving element 2 is an element that outputs an electric signal when receiving light having a predetermined illuminance or more, or an element that outputs an electric signal according to the illuminance of the received light, and has both of these functions. may be A photodiode, a phototransistor, an illuminance meter, an LED element, or the like can be used as the light receiving element 2 .

When the light-receiving element 2 is attached to the reinforcing bar 12, the light-receiving element 2 may be tied with an insulating string-like member. Moreover, when the light receiving element 2 is attached to the surface of the mold 11, it may be fixed by a known method such as screwing.

In the concrete filling detection system 1 of this embodiment, an RF tag 21 to which electric signals from a plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . It is The RF tag 21 incorporates an inductive antenna (not shown) and communicates with radio frequencies in a predetermined frequency band.

FIG. 3A is a schematic drawing of a portion of the filling target space 10 cut along the XY plane at a certain height position. As shown in FIG. 3A , a spacer 13 is generally placed in the space 10 to be filled to secure a distance between the reinforcing bars 12 and the formwork 11 .

In the example shown in FIG. 3A, RF tags 21 are arranged on the surface of spacer 13 . The RF tag 21 is composed of a plate-like member having a size of about 25 mm×9 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm, for example, and is small enough to be placed on the surface of the spacer 13 . Note that the spacer 13 is generally made of an insulating member such as concrete, mortar, or plastic.

As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6399638 filed by the present applicant, a spacer 13 containing an RF tag 21 may be used.

The RF tag 21 attached to the spacer 13 is connected to a plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . An electrical signal is input to the RF tag 21 . The RF tag 21 transmits a radio wave signal based on the input electrical signal to the reader/writer 27 with which a communication environment has been established with the RF tag 21 . When the reader/writer 27 confirms the presence of the terminal 30 within the communicable range via the wireless communication 20, it transmits a signal based on the received radio signal to the terminal 30 (see FIG. 1).

The reader/writer 27 may be a dedicated device, or may be a general-purpose device such as a tablet terminal in which a dedicated application program capable of communicating with the RF tag 21 is installed. In this embodiment, the case of using the "reader/writer 27" will be described as an example. It doesn't matter if it's a "leader".

As another example, as shown in FIG. 3B, a communication device 23 may be attached to the mold 11, and the communication device 23 and the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) may be connected by signal lines 22. FIG. 3B corresponds to a schematic drawing of a portion of the space 10 to be filled as viewed from the Y direction as in FIG. As long as the communication device 23 can communicate with the terminal 30 equipped with a reader/writer function via the wireless communication 20, the mode is not limited. That is, the RF tag 21 as shown in FIG. 3A may be used, or a larger dedicated device may be used.

It should be noted that the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) can be attached to various locations within the space 10 to be filled, in addition to the location shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, it may be attached to the reinforcing bars 12 extending in the direction parallel to the XY plane (horizontal direction), and as shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4C, it may be attached to an insert 15 that connects the formwork 11 and the reinforcing bar 12 . A separator may be used instead of the insert 15 .

The procedure of the concrete filling detection method according to the present invention will be described below.

(Step S1)
First, in order to determine the space 10 to be filled, the operation of attaching the formwork 11 is performed.

(Step S2)
As described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4C, a plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are installed at predetermined locations. As a result, the concrete filling detection sensor 3 is attached in the space 10 to be filled.

At this time, as described above, the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are preferably attached at different depth positions (coordinates in the Z direction). Moreover, it is preferable to attach a plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . The arrangement interval of the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) is appropriately set according to the space 10 to be filled, and is, for example, about several tens cm to 2 m.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, in addition to the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ), as described above with reference to FIGS. . At this time, the RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 is connected to the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) and the signal line 22. FIG.

In addition, when a large number of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are arranged at different depth positions in the filling target space 10, the RF tags 21 or the communication devices 23 are also arranged at a plurality of positions. I don't mind if it's a thing. In particular, when the spacers 13 are provided with the RF tags 21 as shown in FIG. 3A, the RF tags 21 may be provided for a plurality of spacers 13 arranged at different depth positions. In this case, the RF tags (21, 21, . . . ) connected via the signal line 22 may be changed according to the depth positions where the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are arranged. .

This step S2 corresponds to steps (a) and (d).

(Step S3)
As schematically shown in FIG. 5 , concrete 4 (fresh concrete) is thrown into filling target space 10 via agitator car 51 and pump car 52 . Specifically, the fluidized concrete 4 stored in the agitator vehicle 51 is sucked up through the boom 53 by the pump vehicle 52 and thrown into the space 10 to be filled.

At this time, if the space 10 to be filled is dark, as shown in FIG. .

This step S3 corresponds to step (b).

(Step S4)
A plurality of light-receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) arranged in the filling target space 10 generate an electric signal according to the illuminance of the received light, and send it to the RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 through the signal line 22. Output. The RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 continuously detects electrical signals output from the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) connected by the signal line 22 over a predetermined period of time.

This step S4 corresponds to step (c).

(Step S5)
A worker uses a terminal 30 such as a smart phone or a tablet PC to receive the electric signal from the RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 via the wireless communication 20 (see FIG. 1). A dedicated application, for example, is installed in the terminal 30 , and this application determines the filling state of the concrete 4 based on the electrical signal transmitted from the RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 .

Before the concrete 4 is poured, the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . It generates an electrical signal according to the received illuminance. This is the same for the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) that are not yet buried in the concrete 4, such as the light receiving element 2b in FIG. 5, even during execution of step S3.

On the other hand, in step S3, the light-receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) buried in the concrete 4, for example, the light-receiving element 2a shown in FIG. Let As a result, the light-receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) buried in concrete 4, such as the light-receiving element 2a, do not generate electrical signals, or their electrical signal values are greatly reduced.

That is, the plurality of light-receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) output electrical signals or output high-value electrical signals (hereinafter referred to as " (referred to as "first state"). Then, when the concrete 4 is poured in and the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are buried by the concrete 4, the light receiving elements (2, 2, . It indicates a state in which an electrical signal (below a predetermined value) is output (hereinafter referred to as "second state"). Once the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) shift to the second state, the second state is continued.

Therefore, the terminal 30 detects that the light-receiving elements (2, 2, . When it is confirmed that the corresponding light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are buried in the concrete 4, it is determined. For example, when the terminal 30 confirms that the light receiving element 2a indicates the second state and the light receiving element 2b arranged at the coordinate position α on the same XY plane as the light receiving element 2a indicates the first state, the coordinate position At α, it is determined that the concrete 4 is filled up to the depth position where the light receiving element 2a is installed, and the concrete 4 is not filled up to the depth position where the light receiving element 2b is installed.

This step S5 corresponds to step (d).

According to the above method, if the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) and the RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 are placed in the filling target space 10 in advance, the worker can Even when another work is performed at a place away from the worker, information on the detection result is transmitted in real time from the RF tag 21 or the communication device 23 to the terminal 30 carried by the worker via the wireless communication 20. be done. Therefore, the worker can grasp the filling state of the concrete 4 in the filling target space 10 only by checking the terminal 30 .

In addition, the terminal 30 may transmit the result information regarding the filling status of the concrete 4 in the filling target space 10 to the management server 41 via the Internet 40 by activating a dedicated application. do not have. At this time, the information about the time when each light receiving element (2, 2, . . . ) transitioned from the first state to the second state is stored as the coordinate position of each light receiving element (2, 2, . . . ) in the space 10 to be filled. It is possible to check the filling status of the concrete 4 in the space 10 to be filled by accessing the management server 41 . For example, by accessing the management server 41, a person in charge of a factory that manufactures the concrete 4 can confirm the usage amount of the concrete 4 in the filling target space 10 (site) and future usage prospects, and a vehicle allocation plan for the agitator vehicle 51. can be used for

Note that the terminal 30 also stores information about the time when each light receiving element (2, 2, . 10 may be grasped together with the coordinate position. Furthermore, in this case, on the screen of the terminal 30, the filling state of the concrete 4 in the filling target space 10 may be viewed as a three-dimensional image.

[Second embodiment]
The configuration of the second embodiment of the concrete filling detection sensor and the concrete filling detection method will be described, focusing on the points different from the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the configuration of a concrete filling detection sensor and a concrete filling detection method according to the present embodiment. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a measuring device 25 is provided instead of the RF tag 21 and the communication device 23 . This measuring device 25 is installed outside the filling target space 10, that is, outside the mold 11, and is connected to each light receiving element (2, 2, . . . ) by a signal line 22. FIG.

Also in this embodiment, steps S1 to S4 are executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. At this time, the measuring device 25 receives an electrical signal corresponding to the illuminance of the light received by the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) through the signal line 22 .

(Step S5a)
When the measuring device 25 confirms that the light receiving element (2, 2, . At the time when the light receiving element (2, 2, . . . ) changes from the first state to the second state, the concrete 4 reaches the depth position of the light receiving element (2, 2, . . . ). Determine that it is filled. The measuring device 25 transmits this determination result to the terminal 30 via the wireless communication 20, for example. This step S5a corresponds to step (d).

The worker can grasp the filling status of the concrete 4 in the filling target space 10 by checking the state of each light receiving element (2, 2, . can be done.

Note that the measuring device 25 does not necessarily have to have a screen for displaying the results. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the measuring device 25 may transmit information regarding the determination result based on step S5a to the management server 41 via the Internet 40. FIG. In this case, the measuring device 25 does not need to transmit information to the terminal 30 via the wireless communication 20. FIG.

FIG. 7 shows the case where the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are attached to the inner surface of the mold 11, but the arrangement position of the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) is As long as the measuring device 25 can be connected to the signal line 22, the filling target space 10 can be arbitrarily selected as in the first embodiment.

However, for the same reason as in the first embodiment, the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are preferably attached at different depth positions (coordinates in the Z direction). Therefore, it is preferable to attach a plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) even at the same depth position.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) may be attached on the surface of the spacer 13. FIG. FIG. 8A corresponds to a drawing viewed from above, and FIG. 8B corresponds to a cross-sectional view when cut in a direction parallel to the XY plane at a certain height position. The light receiving elements 2, 2, . . . In addition, the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) may be mounted facing downward in order to prevent the amount of light received from being reduced due to dust adhering and accumulating on the light receiving surface.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) may be attached on the surface of the insert 15. FIG. Further, the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) may be attached to the surface of the mold 11 on the filling target space 10 side, and the measuring device 25 may be attached to the opposite surface of the mold 11. In this case, the mold 11 integrates the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) and the measuring device 25 together. Further, the signal line 22 connecting the light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) and the measuring device 25 (not shown in FIG. 9) may be routed through a cavity inside the insert 15. FIG.

[Another embodiment]
Another embodiment will be described below.

<1> As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, a light source 55 for illuminating the filling target space 10 may be provided separately. For example, the light source 55 may be arranged on the spacer 13 as shown in FIG. 11, the light source 55 may be arranged on the insert 15 as shown in FIG. 11 may be provided with the light source 55 . Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 11, a battery 55a for supplying power to the light source 55 may be mounted inside the spacer 13 . In particular, as shown in FIG. 13, a part of the filling target space 10 surrounded by the mold 11 is recessed, and when the shape is such that sunlight or ambient light cannot reach it, the light source 55 is attached to the mold 11. Placement is preferred. Alternatively, the light source 55 itself may have a built-in battery.

The spacer 13 shown in FIG. 11 and the insert 15 shown in FIG. 12 may have the light receiving element 2 and the RF tag 21 on the side opposite to the side where the light source 55 is arranged. Moreover, in FIG. 12, the light receiving element 2 may be arranged on the reinforcing bar 12 connected to the insert 15 .

<2> The RF tag 21 may be installed on the surface of the reinforcing bar 12 or the steel spacer 13 . In this case, as the RF tag 21, a metal-compatible RF tag may be used.

<3> In the above embodiment, the plurality of light receiving elements (2, 2, . . . ) are attached inside the mold 11 at different depth positions. However, depending on the width and depth of the space 10 to be filled defined by the inside of the mold 11, a single light receiving element 2 may be attached, or a plurality of light receiving elements ( 2, 2, . . . ) may be attached.

<4> As shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of light receiving elements 2 (2a, 2b, 2c) may be attached to the spacer 13 in different directions. In the example of FIG. 14, the light receiving elements 2 are attached to the spacer 13 from three directions.

According to this aspect, the concrete 4 is not filled in the installation location of a certain light receiving element 2a, but the concrete 4 is filled in the installation locations of the light receiving elements 2b and 2c. Strict filling conditions can be detected. In addition, even in a place where it is difficult for light to reach, the filling state of the concrete 4 can be detected by the light reaching at least one light receiving element 2 . Therefore, detection accuracy is improved as compared with the case where a single light receiving element 2 is used.

In FIG. 14, it is preferable to use an RF tag with a sensor interface as the RF tag 21 to which electric signals from the light receiving elements 2 (2a, 2b, 2c) are input.

1: Concrete filling detection system 2 (2a, 2b): Light receiving element 3: Concrete filling detection sensor 4: Concrete 10: Filling target space 11: Formwork 12: Reinforcement bar 13: Spacer 14: Water thread 15: Insert 20: Wireless communication 21: RF tag 22: Signal line 23: Communication device 25: Measuring device 27: Reader/writer 30: Terminal 40: Internet 41: Management server 51: Agitator car 52: Pump car 53: Boom 54: Light source 55: Light source 55a: Battery

Claims (6)

A concrete filling detection method using a concrete filling detection sensor,
The concrete filling detection sensor includes a plurality of light-receiving elements that output an electrical signal when receiving light having a predetermined illuminance or more and/or outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the illuminance of the received light, and does not include a light source. is the configuration,
A step (a) of arranging a plurality of the light receiving elements at different depth positions within the inner surface of the mold or the area surrounded by the mold;
After the step (a), a step (b) of pouring concrete into the area surrounded by the formwork;
Presence or absence or magnitude of the electrical signal output from each of the plurality of light receiving elements according to the illuminance of natural light, ambient light, or illumination light received from a light source arranged independently of the concrete filling detection sensor. step (c) continuously sensing over a predetermined period of time;
and a step (d) of judging that concrete is filled in a position where the light receiving element is arranged where the electric signal is not detected or the electric signal is below a predetermined value. , concrete filling detection method. In step (d), the electrical signal is no longer detected or the electrical signal is below the threshold from a first state in which the electrical signal was detected or the electrical signal was above the threshold. When it is confirmed that the second state has continued for a predetermined time or more, the light receiving element indicating the second state is arranged at the time when the first state transitions to the second state. 2. The method for detecting filling of concrete according to claim 1 , wherein it is determined that the filled position is filled with concrete. The step (a) includes removing at least one of the inner surface of the formwork, reinforcing bars arranged inside the formwork, and spacers or inserts arranged between the reinforcing bars and the formwork. 3. The concrete filling detection method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of placing the light receiving element at a location. step (e) of attaching an RF tag connected to the light receiving element to a spacer or an insert provided between the surface of the formwork and the reinforcing bar provided inside the formwork and the formwork; have
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said step (c) includes a step of receiving said electric signal transmitted from said RF tag via wireless communication at a terminal compatible with said wireless communication. 1. The concrete filling detection method according to 1. Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that said step (c) includes a step of acquiring said electrical signal by means of a measuring device arranged outside said mold and connected to said light receiving element by a signal line. The concrete filling detection method according to any one of the above. The step (b) is a step of pouring concrete while illuminating an area surrounded by the formwork with a light source arranged on a boom for pouring concrete or an inner surface of the formwork. The concrete filling detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , characterized by:

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