JP7303685B2 - Agricultural greenhouse insulation material - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a house heat insulating material for use in agricultural applications.

Conventionally, in the cultivation of fruits and flowers, for the purpose of forcing cultivation, cold protection, and frost protection, so-called agricultural greenhouses, which are covered with a covering material such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, have been used. Cultivation is widely practiced.
Even in these agricultural greenhouses, the temperature drops at night during low temperature periods such as early spring, late autumn, and winter, and in some cases, during the daytime, causing growth delays and growth failures of cultivated crops. As a countermeasure, heating appliances such as heat pumps have been used to retain heat, and lining composite materials with heat retention properties, such as polyethylene films or sheets and non-woven fabrics, have been spread out.

Even when using a heating device such as a heat pump, or when using a lining composite material with heat retention, not only in winter but also at night, as the temperature drops and the humidity rises, dew condensation occurs inside the greenhouse, resulting in cultivation. It wets the fruits and flowers inside, and in some cases frost, causing damage to these cultivated crops. In addition, greenhouses for germination of rice seedlings need to be heated, and in some cases, lining composite materials with heat retention properties are used, but due to deterioration due to tears and fluttering near the entrance, temperature unevenness occurs inside the house. , there was a problem of uneven germination and poor seedling arrangement.

In addition, for year-round cultivation of fungus bed shiitake mushrooms, a special light-shielding polyolefin film for agriculture is used, but heating in winter and cooling in summer are required, and fuel and electricity costs are required. The problem was the high cost. Potatoes, sweet potatoes, taros, etc. are harvested and shipped in order, but the amount of harvest varies depending on the harvesting season, or the harvest may not be possible due to the weather. It was a problem that

Therefore, Patent Document 1 discloses a heat insulating material for agricultural use in which a porous film and a nonwoven fabric are laminated, and the rate of absorption of water droplets dropped on the film surface is within 60 seconds. It is possible.

In Patent Document 2, long fiber filaments of synthetic resin are densely and non-directionally deposited for the purpose of providing a lining material for agricultural houses that has excellent light-shielding properties, heat-retaining properties, and anti-fogging properties. A fog-proof agricultural house characterized by comprising a light-shielding tape obtained by slitting a bonded non-woven fabric into narrow widths and a woven fabric using a hygroscopic tape made of a hydrophilic material as the warp and other synthetic fibers as the weft. is disclosed.

Patent Document 3 discloses an agricultural house characterized in that hollow fine particles are held on one side of a fiber fabric via a coating resin, and the hollow fine particles are attached to the surface of at least one side of the fiber fabric. The material is disclosed, and it is said that it has heat retention, heat shielding and moisture absorption, prevents dew condensation, and is excellent in translucency and durability.

However, in Patent Document 1, a porous film and a non-woven fabric are laminated, and although it has excellent water absorption, it cannot be said that it has sufficient air permeability and heat retention, and it does not have flexibility. In addition, opening and closing work (especially winding work) for the purpose of lighting and shading like greenhouse cultivation was not easy, and there is no description or suggestion about heat shielding properties. Patent Document 2 is a woven fabric in which a light-shielding tape obtained by slitting a nonwoven fabric into a narrow width and a moisture-absorbing tape obtained by slitting a polyvinyl alcohol film into a narrow width are used as warps, and high-density polyethylene monofilaments are used as wefts. It cannot be said that the heat retaining property is sufficient, and the heat shielding property is also not sufficient. In Patent Document 3, since the nonwoven fabric is coated with hollow fine particles, it cannot be said to have sufficient air permeability and heat retention.

In addition, Patent Document 4 discloses a laminated sheet of a hydroentangled nonwoven fabric and a film as an agricultural covering sheet that is lightweight, windproof and waterproof, and has excellent heat retention at night in winter.

In Patent Document 5, a moisture-permeable and/or water-permeable film and a fiber sheet are superimposed, and the edges are integrated by heat bonding to form an air layer between the film and the fiber sheet. An agricultural material is disclosed that is well formed and retains heat.
However, in Patent Document 4, since the nonwoven fabric and the polyethylene terephthalate film are integrated and laminated over the entire surface with the polyethylene resin film, the rigidity is high, and when the winding work such as greenhouse cultivation is required, the work is difficult. It wasn't easy. Moreover, since Patent Document 5 uses a spunbonded nonwoven fabric as the fiber sheet, it has a high rigidity, and when a winding operation such as greenhouse cultivation is required, the operation is not easy. Moreover, neither description nor suggestion is given about heat-shielding property.

In Patent Document 6, by fixing a functional sheet and an air bubble sheet at their edges, it is possible to improve the hygroscopicity and light-shielding properties of the functional sheet, the characteristics of both the hygroscopic and light-shielding properties, and the heat retention of the air bubble sheet. Agricultural sheets having properties are disclosed.

However, even in Patent Document 6, the work was not easy when a winding work was required, such as in greenhouse cultivation. In addition, there is no description or suggestion regarding heat shielding properties.

In Patent Document 7, a first sheet having a metal layer, a second sheet having a heat insulating layer having a large number of pores, and a third sheet having a synthetic resin as a main component are superimposed and partially bonded with an adhesive. Agricultural curtains are disclosed which are capable of heat insulation and light shielding, and which can be easily rolled up.

However, in Patent Document 7, since the sheet (third sheet) containing synthetic resin as the main component is the innermost layer, there is a risk of dew condensation due to moisture from the soil and plants when spread in a house. In addition, since an adhesive is used to join these sheets, and the first joint portion and the second joint portion are partially overlapped and joined, this portion becomes particularly hard and may interfere with winding. be. In addition, there is no description or suggestion regarding heat shielding properties.

In Patent Document 8, a layer with a heat ray blocking effect is described for the purpose of having excellent heat retention effect, preventing dew condensation during use, so that cultivated crops do not get wet, and being able to be easily folded and rolled up when not in use. , a layer with a heat-retaining effect and a layer with a moisture-absorbing effect are laminated, and the resulting laminate is folded or joined together at a plurality of straight portions parallel to the winding direction. House insulation is disclosed.

However, in Patent Document 8, since the layer with a heat retaining effect has a large basis weight of 100 to 150 g/m ² , it becomes thicker and heavier, resulting in poor workability during spreading and workability in winding after spreading. Because of its poor convergence, when it is wound (converged), the convergence diameter is large, and the large and small convergence diameters create shaded areas, which causes uneven sunlight on the plants, resulting in differences in growth. There was a problem that came out.

JP-A-9-300511 JP-A-2001-136843 JP 2012-191912 A JP 2008-167711 A JP 2010-45987 A JP 2013-150580 A JP 2016-149977 A JP 2016-67349 A

Therefore, the present invention provides a heat insulating material for agricultural greenhouses that has optimal light shielding properties for the growth of cultivated crops, has heat retention and heat shielding properties, is good in preventing condensation and convergence during use, and is lightweight. intended to provide

The present inventors have developed a layer having air permeability, a layer having a lightweight and heat-retaining effect, a layer preventing ventilation and permeation, and a layer having functions such as air permeability, water permeability, and anti-drip properties. is laminated, and the obtained laminate is joined and integrated at multiple locations in a straight line part perpendicular to the folding direction or parallel to the winding axis direction of winding. completed the invention.

That is, the present invention
(1) A heat insulating material for agricultural greenhouses comprising a laminate in which a flat yarn fabric layer, a heat insulating layer, a resin film layer, and a functional layer are laminated in this order from the outside,
The laminate is joined and integrated at a plurality of locations at straight portions perpendicular to the folding direction or parallel to the winding axis direction of winding,
The distance between the joints integrated at the plurality of linear portions is 1 inch or more and 10 inches or less,
The basis weight of the functional layer is 20 g/m ² or more and less than 100 g/m ² ,
The maximum thickness of the laminate is 1.5 mm or more and 12 mm or less,
and a heat insulating material for an agricultural house, characterized by having a light shielding rate of 50% or more and less than 100%;
(2) The heat insulating material for agricultural houses according to (1), wherein the heat insulating layer is a layer made of nonwoven fabric or synthetic resin cotton having a basis weight of 30 g/m ² or more and 100 g/m ² or less.
(3) The layer according to (1) or (2), wherein the functional layer is a layer having at least one property selected from air permeability, water permeability, and anti-drip properties. agricultural house insulation,
(4) The agricultural house heat insulating material according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the joining and integration is stitching.
(5) The heat insulating material for agricultural houses according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the resin film layer is a layer made of a polyolefin film.
It is about.

According to the agricultural house heat insulating material of the present invention, by spreading the agricultural house heat insulating material on the inner surface of the agricultural house, the heat retaining effect is excellent even when the temperature drops or the humidity rises, such as at night. In addition, it absorbs and retains water from soil and plants, and has the effect of preventing dripping, preventing dew condensation, and reducing dripping of water. In particular, by having a layer having functionality on the innermost surface, this effect appears remarkably.
Furthermore, since it is thin and lightweight, it can be easily folded or rolled up during the daytime, and has excellent convergence. At the same time, less sunlight is blocked and shadows become smaller, so variations in the growth of cultivated crops can be suppressed. In addition, it is easy to repeat unrolling because it does not tend to take up curls easily.
In addition, since it has the optimum light-shielding properties for the growth of cultivated crops, it can be used not only for spreading on the inner surface of an agricultural house, but also for heat insulation for plants that are troubled by sunlight.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is an example (sectional view) of a structure of the agricultural house thermal insulation material of this invention. It is an example of the configuration of a flat yarn fabric layer. In FIG. 2, one of the flat yarns is shaded, but the same flat yarn may be used. It is an example of the configuration of a flat yarn fabric layer. It is an example of the configuration of a flat yarn fabric layer.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail. It should be noted that the present embodiment is merely one form for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the present embodiment, and various modifications and embodiments can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. is possible.

The heat insulating material for agricultural houses of the present invention is a heat insulating material for agricultural houses comprising a laminate obtained by laminating a flat yarn fabric layer, a heat insulating layer, a resin film layer, and a functional layer in this order from the outside. , the laminate is joined and integrated at a plurality of locations at a straight line portion perpendicular to the folding direction or parallel to the winding axis direction of winding, and the plurality of locations are joined and integrated in a straight line. is 1 inch or more and 10 inches or less, the basis weight of the functional layer is 20 g/m ² or more and less than 100 g/m ² , the maximum thickness of the laminate is 1.5 mm or more and 12 mm or less, and light shielding It is preferable that the ratio is 50% or more and less than 100%.

The flat yarn woven fabric layer is made by knitting a tape-shaped filament body (hereinafter also referred to as "flat yarn") drawn from a thermoplastic resin as shown in FIG. Knitting with the larger one as the warp and the smaller fineness as the weft, as shown in Fig. 3, one with the flat yarn warp and the weft as a monofilament or multifilament, or the flat yarn warp and weft are joined by heat-sealing, or a low-melting-point flat yarn and a different flat yarn with a higher melting point are interposed, and only the low-melting-point flat yarn and the weft part are joined by heat-sealing, etc. It is preferably used. As the thermoplastic resin, any stretchable resin can be used, but polyethylene is preferable in consideration of light resistance. The diameter of the filament as the weft is preferably 10 to 400 denier, more preferably 30 to 300 denier, and even more preferably 50 to 150 denier.

The flat yarn woven fabric layer has air permeability, and the spacing between the flat yarns can be adjusted according to the weaving method of the flat yarns. Moreover, it has the heat retaining property and the light shielding property of the adjacent heat retaining layer. Regarding the weaving method, plain weave (for example, Fig. 2), twill weave, twill weave, ridge weave, double weave, warp knitting (for example, Fig. 4, hereinafter also referred to as "Rassel weave") can be used for weaving. Woven is preferred.

Flat yarn is made by laminating polyolefin films with different densities on one or both sides, flat yarn by depositing aluminum on polyolefin film, etc., flat yarn by laminating aluminum foil on both sides with polyolefin film, etc., inorganic pigments and organic Flat yarn made by kneading pigment into polyolefin resin, etc. Flat yarn made by kneading aluminum pigment into polyolefin resin, etc. Flat yarn made by kneading polyolefin resin, etc. with additives that are effective in preventing temperature rise, heat shielding, and light shielding. Alternatively, it is preferable to use a flat yarn that is slit processed with a polyolefin film coated with a coating agent that has the effect of preventing temperature rise, heat shielding, and light shielding. , infrared heat shielding) and light shielding properties can be adjusted. As the coating method, known methods such as gravure coating, roll coating, doctor blade coating, die coating, bar coating, and spray coating can be used. Further, the slit width by the slit processing is preferably 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 2 to 8 mm, and even more preferably 3 to 5 mm.

Further, since the flat yarn woven fabric layer is a woven fabric, it has appropriate flexibility, spreadability and convergence properties, and is easy to handle during storage. Because it is breathable, the air contained in the heat-retaining layer is released when it is rolled up and converged, reducing bulkiness.

The heat-retaining layer adjacent to the flat yarn fabric layer is a layer having a heat-retaining effect because it can contain air.

The heat-retaining layer is not particularly limited as long as it contains sufficient air, but non-woven fabric, synthetic resin cotton, fiber plant cotton, sponge, foam sheet, air bubble sheet, etc. can be mentioned, and among them non-woven fabric or synthetic resin cotton. More preferably, it is a nonwoven fabric or synthetic resin cotton having a basis weight of 30 g/m ² or more and 100 g/m ^{2 or} less. By being non-woven fabric or synthetic resin cotton, it absorbs and retains water from soil and cultivated crops, and has the effect of preventing dripping, thereby preventing dew condensation and reducing water dripping. . When the basis weight is within the above range, excellent effects of sufficient heat retention and reduction of dripping can be obtained. Moreover, when winding, the winding operation can be performed without difficulty, and the winding can be performed evenly and evenly at both ends. Even in the case of folding, the folding work can be done without difficulty, and compact folding becomes possible. In other words, when it is stretched, it can provide sufficient heat retention and reduce dripping, but when it is rolled up or folded, it blocks sunlight due to the uniformity of the winding and the compactness of the folding. Shading is minimized and the impact on the growth of cultivated crops can be reduced. Metsuke means mass per unit area.

The resin film layer is a layer adjacent to the heat insulating layer and laminated on the opposite side of the flat yarn layer, and is preferably a resin film containing a synthetic resin as a main component. For example, polyester films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyolefin films such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate, polystyrene films, alcohol-based films such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol, and polyamide films. Or a barrier polyamide film, polycarbonate film, polyacrylonitrile film, polyimide film, cellophane, moisture-proof cellophane, PET film, or transparent vapor-deposited polyester film or transparent film with a vapor-deposited layer of alumina, silica, etc. on a polyamide film. Vapor-deposited polyamide film, PET film or polyamide film, polyethylene film, aluminum vapor-deposited film obtained by vapor-depositing aluminum on polypropylene film, various coating films coated with polyvinylidene chloride resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyacrylic acid resin, etc., and different resins A co-extruded film co-extruded together, a light-shielding film to which a light-shielding agent or the like is added, and the like. These may be stretched or unstretched, and may be used singly or in combination of two or more. Among them, a polyolefin film is preferred.

The resin film layer prevents moisture absorbed by the layer having functionality described later from permeating into the heat retaining layer or the flat yarn layer, or prevents the decrease in heat retaining effect due to wetting of these layers, It is a layer that blocks ventilation and enhances the heat retention effect. Therefore, it can be used as long as it is thin and has a certain degree of strength.

The thickness of the resin film layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 1000 μm, more preferably 3 to 100 μm.

The functional layer is preferably a layer having at least one property selected from air permeability, water permeability, and anti-drip properties, and may have two or more properties. For example, non-woven fabric, taffeta fabric, polycloth (cloth made of resin such as polyolefin, polyester, ethylene-vinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol) and other breathable films, water-permeable films, and anti-drip films, and these effects are expressed. Examples include processed films. The functional layer is the innermost layer, absorbs and retains moisture from soil and cultivated crops, and has the effect of preventing dripping, thereby preventing dew condensation and dripping. It shows a remarkable effect of reducing The hydrophilic non-woven fabric that uses highly hygroscopic and heat-generating fibers (for example, Mois Care manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) further enhances the heat retaining effect.

The basis weight of the functional layer is preferably 20 g/m ² or more and less than 100 g/m ² , more preferably 25 g/m ² or more and 80 g/m ² or less, and 30 g/m ² or more and 60 g/m 2 or more. It is more preferably m ² or less. If it is less than 20 g/m ² , it may become too thin and may be torn during folding or winding, and it may be weak against friction and may become fuzzy. If it exceeds 100 g/m ² , the thickness may become too thick, resulting in poor convergence.

The laminate obtained by laminating the flat yarn fabric layer, the heat insulating layer, the resin film layer, and the functional layer in this order from the outside is perpendicular to the folding direction or rolled up at a plurality of locations. It is preferable that they are joined and integrated at a straight line portion parallel to the winding axis direction. As a result, folding or winding up is easy, curling is less likely to occur, and convergence and storability are improved. Furthermore, the distance between the joints integrated at the linear portions at the plurality of locations is preferably 1 inch or more and 10 inches or less, more preferably 2 inches or more and 7 inches or less, and 2.5 inches or more and 5 inches. More preferably: If the thickness is less than 1 inch, the heat-retaining layer will be narrow and thin, the heat-retaining effect will be poor, and it will be difficult to absorb moisture, making it easy to drip. If it is larger than 10 inches, it will be difficult to fold or wind up, resulting in poor convergence. In addition, for example, if 2 to 3 linearly joined and integrated portions are provided at intervals of 1 to 2 inches at regular intervals, the portions can be used as a guideline for the size of the laminate itself, and can be cut. It becomes easy to use it as an end part and to process it. In addition, since strength is obtained, it is effective as a portion provided with connecting means.

The joining and integration is preferably performed by a processing method such as stitching, heat fusion, adhesion, wire, stapler, pinsonic processing, or the like. Among them, suturing is more preferable. Heat-sealing, gluing, and pinsonic processing tend to make the joined portion hard, stiff to the touch, and difficult to fold or wind up, while stitching, on the other hand, separates the flat yarn fabric layer and the flat yarn fabric layer. It is easy to join and integrate by laminating a heat-retaining layer such as nonwoven fabric or synthetic resin cotton between layers with functionality. There is an effect of improving heat retention by giving swelling to the inside. In addition, the jointed part does not harden, and there is little difficulty in folding or winding up. , the air is released through the needle hole, and convergence is improved.

The maximum thickness of the laminate is preferably 1.5 mm or more and 12 mm or less. Within this range, the heat-retaining layer can maintain an appropriate thickness, resulting in a good heat-retaining effect. If the thickness is less than 1.5 mm, the thickness of the heat-retaining layer becomes thin, resulting in poor heat-retaining effect. Moreover, since it has no elasticity, it becomes uneven when folded or rolled up, and the size of the shadow that blocks sunlight appears, causing problems such as uneven growth of cultivated crops, which is not preferable. If it is larger than 12 mm, it can be folded or rolled up, but the convergence deteriorates, and the convergence diameter and convergence width become large, blocking sunlight and increasing shadows, resulting in uneven growth of cultivated crops. It is not preferable because it causes trouble such as coming out.

The maximum thickness is not particularly limited as long as the thickness can be measured with a micrometer, vernier caliper, thickness gauge, or the like. The maximum thickness is the average value obtained by measuring the thicknesses at five points in the middle of the interval between the linear portions joined and integrated at the plurality of points.

Moreover, in addition to the maximum thickness being 1.5 mm or more and 12 mm or less, the light shielding rate of the laminate is preferably 50% or more and less than 100%. When the light shielding rate is within the range, it is possible to give the cultivated crops an appropriate amount of incident light. By setting the light shielding rate to about 50%, it is possible to secure the optimum incident light for the growth of cultivated crops, and by making the light shielding rate close to 100%, it can be used for heat retention for plants that are troubled by sunlight. The light-shielding rate can be adjusted by the weaving method of the flat yarn layer, the type of flat yarn used, the selection of the heat-retaining layer, the selection of the resin film layer (especially the use of light-shielding film, etc.), and the selection of the functional layer. can. As a result, even if the thickness is thin, it has a heat retaining effect and can maintain a light shielding rate.

The light shielding rate can be measured based on JIS L1055 "Test method for light shielding properties of curtains", "Method using an illuminometer (Method A)". For example, a light shielding tester LE-1 type (manufactured by Intec Co., Ltd.) is used. The light shielding rate is the light source (halogen lamp 100V, 500W) from the top of the tester when the test piece is attached to the light intake part (100 mm in diameter) of the tester and when it is not attached. The ratio is obtained by the following formula. The light source is preferably adjustable by a voltage regulator (slidac 0-130V).
Light shielding rate (%) = (1-(A/B)) x 100
(Here, A is the illuminance when the test piece is attached, B is the illuminance when the test piece is not attached)

The heat insulating material for agricultural houses made of the above-mentioned laminate has its ends subjected to joining processing by heat sealing, ultrasonic bonding (fusion), adhesion, sewing, etc., or cutting processing at the time of cutting. It is preferable to be Furthermore, in order to give strength, processing such as stitching or bonding a film, a patch cloth, or the like may be performed. These processes are preferable because fraying and unraveling from the ends do not occur. Moreover, it is preferable that the end portion is entirely or partially provided with connecting means. The connection means preferably includes stitches, buttons, hook-and-loop fasteners, eyelets, metal fittings, through-holes, and the like. Among them, suturing is more preferable. By providing this connection means, the agricultural house heat insulating material can be easily adjusted according to the size of the agricultural house.

The heat retaining property of the heat retaining material for agricultural houses of the present invention can be confirmed by measuring the heat retaining rate. The heat retention rate can be measured using a heat retention measuring device (KES-F7 Thermolab Type II, manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.). Specifically, the test piece was mounted on a heat source table made of a hot plate, and the temperature of the hot plate was set 10 ° C higher than the air temperature in the wind tunnel (the set temperature can be changed arbitrarily). By reducing the amount of heat lost from the hotplate surface by attaching the strips, the power required to maintain the set temperature of the hotplate is reduced. The heat retention is evaluated by measuring the change in power consumption at this time. In other words, a reduction in power consumption means that heat retention is high. Normally, considering the variation, the measurement is performed for 60 seconds or 180 seconds, and the average value of the power consumption is obtained when the measurement is performed n times. The heat retention rate is obtained by the following formula.
Heat retention rate (%) = (W ₀ - W)/W x 100
(Here, W ₀ is the power consumption when the test piece is not attached, W is the power consumption when the test piece is attached)
Since the higher the heat retention rate, the higher the heat retention effect, for example, the interior covered with the heat insulation material for agricultural greenhouses of the present invention is less affected by the external environment, so the temperature unevenness is reduced, and the growth and cultivation of cultivated crops is improved. It is also effective for cultivated crops that can eliminate variations and that can be stored within a certain temperature range. More preferably, the heat retention rate is approximately 80% or more.

The heat insulating properties of the heat insulating material for agricultural houses of the present invention can be confirmed by measuring the heat insulating effect (°C). The heat shielding effect can be measured by the Boken method of the Boken Quality Evaluation Organization, which is a method for measuring fiber cloth. A test piece is placed between a reflector lamp (infrared lamp) and a temperature sensor (thermometer) to measure the heat shielding performance of the test piece. By providing a space of 5 cm between the test piece and the temperature sensor, this test method is in line with the actual use of heat shielding materials. It compares the results of the temperature change in a blank test without a test piece and the temperature change with a test piece in place. The test time can be set appropriately. The heat shielding effect is obtained by the following formula.
Heat shielding effect (°C) = T ₀ - T
(Here, T ₀ is the temperature rise after a certain period of time has passed during the blank test, and T is the temperature rise after a certain period of time has passed when the test piece is placed.)
The higher the heat shielding effect (°C), the more infrared rays of the sunlight in the daytime can be blocked, so there is an effect that the temperature rise in the greenhouse can be suppressed. In particular, when the outside temperature is high, such as in summer, the heat shielding effect is exhibited. On the other hand, at night, there is an effect that the temperature drop inside the agricultural house can be suppressed. In particular, when the outside temperature is low, such as in winter, the heat shielding effect is exhibited. Needless to say, these things have the effect of reducing the energy cost for cooling and heating in the greenhouse. More preferably, the heat shielding effect is approximately 5° C. or higher.

The difference between heat retention and heat insulation is that heat retention is heat transfer (i.e., convection) through circulation of fluid (liquid, gas), while heat insulation is heat transfer (i.e., radiation ( radiation)). Therefore, the heat retention measurement mainly evaluates the gas convection in the heat insulation layer, and the heat shielding property measurement mainly evaluates the infrared radiation in the flat yarn layer. Therefore, even if the heat retention properties are the same, the heat shielding properties may differ.

The foldability of the agricultural house heat insulating material of the present invention is such that when the laminate is joined and integrated at a plurality of locations along straight lines perpendicular to the folding direction, for example, the agricultural house heat insulating material can be attached to the inside of the roof of the house. The material is stretched or suspended (curtain-like), and this is opened and closed in the folding direction using a curtain opening and closing device that has been used conventionally at the top of the roof or at the bottom of the roof. I can confirm. If the interval between the joined and integrated parts is large, the rigidity is high, or the thickness is large, folding becomes difficult (unevenness). On the other hand, if it is too thin or has too little stiffness, it will be too soft to withstand pulling and may break.

On the other hand, the windability of the heat insulating material for agricultural houses of the present invention is such that when the laminate is joined and integrated at a plurality of locations at a straight line portion parallel to the winding axis direction of winding, for example, It can be confirmed by making it stretched inside the roof of the house and winding it around a winding shaft using a conventionally used winder or the like at the top of the roof or the lowest part of the roof. If the distance between the joined and integrated parts is large, the rigidity is high, or the thickness is large, winding becomes difficult (unevenness). On the other hand, if it is too thin or has too little stiffness, it will be too soft to withstand winding and may break.

Furthermore, the heat insulating material for agricultural houses of the present invention is excellent in the foldability and windability, and therefore has good convergence. This means that the width and thickness (diameter) are narrow when folded or rolled up. Therefore, the impact on the growth of cultivated crops can be reduced. In addition, when it is spread out on the roof inside the agricultural house, in order to eliminate the shadow, for example, it is possible to wind the agricultural house insulation material close to the ground and store it, but when it is stored, the soil on the ground and the It has the drawback of being dirty due to splashes of mud, etc., and is not preferred. The agricultural house insulation material of the present invention can minimize shadows, so it can be stored at the top of the roof or at the bottom of the roof rather than near the ground.

In addition, since the heat insulating material for agricultural houses of the present invention is lightweight, it has the advantage that conventionally installed curtain opening/closing devices and winding devices can be used, as well as general commercial products.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Example 1
In order, aluminum-deposited film flat yarn fabric (fabric obtained by plain weaving flat yarn with aluminum-deposited aluminum on uniaxially stretched polyethylene film with polyester monofilament), synthetic resin cotton (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) 30 g/m ² , polyethylene black and white film (Okura Kogyo ( 20 g/m ² (manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) and 50 g/m ² of polyester nonwoven fabric (black) (manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) are stacked, cut into a size of 2 m × 10 m, and wound perpendicular to the folding direction or rolled up. A heat insulating sheet 1 having the configuration shown in Table 1 was obtained by joining and integrating by stitching at intervals of 3 inches at straight portions parallel to the axial direction. The heat insulating sheet 1 had a maximum thickness of 2.5 mm and a light shielding rate of 99.9%.

Examples 2-8
30 g/m ² of the synthetic resin cotton of Example 1 was added to 25 g/m ² , 40 g/m ² , 60 g/m ² , 80 g/m ² , 100 g/m ² , 120 g/m ² and 15 g/m ² (respectively , manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), and in the same manner as in Example 1, heat insulating sheets 2 to 8 having the structure shown in Table 1 were obtained.

Examples 9-13
The black-and-white film of Example 6 was changed to a transparent polyethylene film (manufactured by Okura Kogyo Co., Ltd.) of 20 g/m ² , and the polyester non-woven fabric (black) was changed to a polyester non-woven fabric (white) (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) of 50 g/m ² , The stitching was changed to 1 inch, 2 inches, 3 inches, 5 inches, and 10 inches, respectively, and heat insulating sheets 9 to 13 having the configurations shown in Table 2 were obtained.

Examples 14-15
The aluminum-deposited film flat yarn fabric of Example 13 was used as Flat Yarn Fabric 1 (fabric in which two flat yarns laminated with polyethylene films on both sides of an aluminum foil and one polyethylene film flat yarn were Rassel woven with polyester monofilament), and a flat The heat insulating sheets 14 and 15 having the structure shown in Table 2 were obtained by changing to yarn fabric 2 (a fabric obtained by raschel weaving flat yarn obtained by laminating polyethylene films on both sides of an aluminum foil with polyester monofilament).

Example 16
The synthetic resin cotton of 100 g/m ² in Example 11 was changed to synthetic resin cotton of 60 g/m ² to obtain a heat insulating sheet 16 having the structure shown in Table 2.

Examples 17-20 and Comparative Examples 1-11
Heat insulating sheets 17 to 31 having the configurations shown in Tables 3 to 5 were obtained in the same manner.

Comparative example 12
A spunlace nonwoven fabric (Apitas, manufactured by Daiwabo Polytech Co., Ltd.) of 60 g/m ² and a polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Agridream Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 12 μm are sequentially laminated by melt extrusion of polyethylene resin and joined. They were integrated and trimmed to a size of 2 m×10 m to obtain a heat insulating sheet 32 having the structure shown in Table 5. The heat insulating sheet 32 had a maximum thickness of 0.2 mm and a light shielding rate of 50%.

Comparative example 13
In order, a 75 μm-thick moisture-permeable and/or water-permeable film (Vegitalon Super Kirinashi UV cut, holes with a hole diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 mm, manufactured by Sekisui Film Co., Ltd.) and a polyester nonwoven fabric (white ) (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) 50 g / m ² are superimposed, cut to a size of 2 m × 10 m, folded back so that the 3 cm film is on the inside, and integrated by an ultrasonic fusion machine. , a heat insulating sheet 33 having the structure shown in Table 5 was obtained. The heat insulating sheet 33 had a maximum thickness of 0.15 mm and a light shielding rate of 70%.

Comparative example 14
In this order, a 3.5 mm thick laminated air bubble sheet (Puchi Puchi d35, manufactured by Kawakami Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and a polyester nonwoven fabric (white) (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) of 50 g / m ² are superimposed to obtain a size of 2 m × 10 m. The ends were joined and integrated into a width of 3 cm with an endless sealer to obtain a heat insulating sheet 34 having the structure shown in Table 5. The heat insulating sheet 34 had a maximum thickness of 4 mm and a light shielding rate of 70%.

Comparative example 15
In this order, an aluminum-deposited film flat yarn fabric (a fabric obtained by plain weaving a flat yarn with aluminum deposited on a uniaxially stretched polyethylene film with polyester monofilament), a foam sheet with a thickness of 1.0 mm (Minafoam, manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), and a thickness A 90 μm polyethylene unstretched film (manufactured by Okura Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is layered, cut into a size of 2 m × 10 m, and a straight part perpendicular to the folding direction or parallel to the winding axis direction of winding is cut. The flat yarn woven fabric and the foam sheet are bonded with an adhesive at a width of 2.5 cm (first joint) at intervals of 22 cm. At intervals, the above-mentioned adhesive was used to adhere with a width of 2.5 cm (second joint). At that time, the first joint portion and the second joint portion were adhered so as to overlap each other with a width of 0.5 cm. In this way, the heat insulating sheet 35 having the configuration shown in Table 5 was obtained. The heat insulating sheet 35 had a maximum thickness of 1.5 mm and a light shielding rate of 98%.

Example 21
In order, a temperature rise-preventing flat yarn fabric (heat prevention agent masterbatch (PEX ST-0049, manufactured by Tokyo Ink Co., Ltd.) is kneaded into a low-density polyethylene resin, processed into a film by inflation molding, and further 4 mm. fabric obtained by raschel weaving polyester monofilament with flat yarn slit into filaments), synthetic resin cotton (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) 30 g/m ² , transparent polyethylene film (manufactured by Okura Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 20 g/m ² , and polyester nonwoven fabric (white) (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) 50 g / m ² are piled up, cut into a size of 2 m × 10 m, and a straight part perpendicular to the folding direction or parallel to the winding axis direction of winding Then, the heat insulating sheet 36 having the structure shown in Table 6 was obtained by stitching at intervals of 3 inches. The heat insulating sheet 36 had a maximum thickness of 2.7 mm and a light shielding rate of 77%.

Example 22 and Comparative Examples 16-18
Heat insulating sheets 37 to 40 having the structure shown in Table 6 were obtained in the same manner.

The heat insulating sheets of Examples 1 to 22 and Comparative Examples 1 to 18 were evaluated for maximum thickness, light shielding rate, heat retaining rate, heat shielding effect, foldability, windability, and dripping. It was shown to.

<Maximum thickness>
For each heat insulating sheet, a thickness gauge was used to measure the thickness at 5 points in the middle of the distance between the sheets, which were joined and integrated at a plurality of points along the straight lines, and the average value was taken as the maximum thickness.

<Light shielding rate>
Each heat insulating sheet was measured based on JIS L1055 "Testing method for light shielding properties of curtains" and "Method using an illuminometer (Method A)". A shading tester LE-1 type (manufactured by Intec Co., Ltd.) was used. A light source (halogen lamp 100 V, 500 W) was applied from above the tester to the light receiving portion (diameter 100 mm) of the tester, and the illuminance at the light receiving portion at the bottom of the tester was measured. The shading rate was determined by the following formula, which is the ratio of the illuminance when the test piece is attached to that when the test piece is not attached.
Light shielding rate (%) = (1-(A/B)) x 100
(Here, A is the illuminance when the test piece is attached, B is the illuminance when the test piece is not attached)

<Heat retention rate>
Each heat insulating sheet was measured using a heat insulating property measuring device (KES-F7 Thermolab Type II, manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.). Each heat insulating sheet was cut into a size of 200 mm×200 mm to obtain a test piece. A filter paper (No. 2, 100 mm × 100 mm, manufactured by Advantech Toyo Co., Ltd.) wetted with 2.5 mL of water is placed on a heat source table (100 mm × 100 mm) made of a hot plate, and a height of 5 mm is placed on it. After placing the frame and further placing the test piece, the temperature of the hot plate was set to be 10° C. higher than the air temperature in the wind tunnel, and the variation in power consumption was measured for 180 seconds. Measurements were performed 5 times each in the state where the test piece was not mounted and the state where the test piece was mounted, and the average power consumption was obtained. The heat retention rate was obtained by the following formula.
Heat retention rate (%) = (W ₀ - W)/W x 100
(Here, W ₀ is the average power consumption when the test piece is not attached, W is the average power consumption when the test piece is attached)
It was determined that the higher the heat retention rate, the better the heat retention.

<Heat shield effect>
For each heat insulating sheet, the heat shielding effect was measured by the following method with reference to the Boken method of the Boken Quality Evaluation Organization. A 150 μm-thick transparent resin film (Diastar, Agricultural PO Film, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Agridream Co., Ltd.) was prepared for the upper portion of the lid portion of a heat insulating box with a lid. A temperature sensor was installed at the bottom of the insulation box so that the temperature inside the insulation box could be measured. A reflector lamp (infrared lamp, IR100/110V125ERH, manufactured by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.) was used as the light source, and was installed at a height of 60 cm from the bottom of the heat insulating box. The irradiation time of the infrared lamp was 30 minutes. The test piece was placed in a place where a space of 5 cm was formed from the transparent resin film inside the heat-insulating box. It was obtained from the temperature rise after 30 minutes with and without the test piece placed (blank test). The heat shielding effect was obtained by the following formula.
Heat shielding effect (°C) = T ₀ - T
(Here, T ₀ is the temperature rise after 30 minutes during the blank test, and T is the temperature rise after 30 minutes when the test piece is placed.)
It was judged that the higher the heat shielding effect (°C), the better the heat shielding property.

<Foldability>
When a heat insulating sheet is stretched inside the roof of the house, and it is opened and closed in the folding direction using a manual curtain opening and closing device (manufactured by Shinwa Co., Ltd.) toward the top of the roof, and the sheet is completely folded according to the degree of opening and closing. The state of was visually observed and evaluated. It was judged that the smaller the folded state (the less the shadow), the better the opening and closing work could be performed smoothly. The opening and closing work and the folding state are as follows: ◎: The opening and closing work is smooth, and there are few shadows in the folded state. The width of the folded state is slightly wide and there are some shadows or the folded state is uneven. ×: Difficult to open and close (strong rigidity, hard or almost no stiffness) and cannot be folded XX: Very difficult to open and close (too rigid or not stiff at all), very wide and shadowy when folded It was evaluated on a 5-point scale, i.e., there is a large amount of rupture, or there is a risk of tearing during folding.

<Windability>
A heat insulating sheet is stretched on the inside of the roof of the house, and a manual winding device (manufactured by Shinwa Co., Ltd.) is used to wind the heat insulating sheet toward the top of the roof, with one end attached to the winding shaft. The degree of take-up and the state of winding were visually observed and evaluated. It was judged that the smoother the winding work, and the smaller the winding state (the less the shadow), the better. The winding work and the winding state are ◎: winding work is smooth, the wound state is thin and there are few shadows, ○, the winding work is smooth, the winding state is slightly thick but there are few shadows, △ : Winding work is somewhat difficult (strong rigidity or lack of stiffness), the diameter of the wound state is slightly thick, there are some shadows, or there is unevenness in the wound state, ×: Winding work is difficult (rigidity (strong, hard or almost no stiffness), the diameter in the wound state is large and there are many shadows, or the unevenness in the wound state is large, XX: Winding work is very difficult It was evaluated on a 5-point scale: the diameter in the wound state was very thick and there were many shadows, and tearing occurred or was likely to occur in the wound state.

<dropping>
Pour hot water into a vacuum insulation cup (Thermos JDD-301, manufactured by Thermos Co., Ltd.) with a capacity of 300 mL, and cover it with the functional layer side of each heat insulation sheet cut into a size of 100 mm × 100 mm. It was left still for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the heat insulating sheet was slowly removed, and the presence or absence of water droplets adhering to the surface of the functional layer was visually observed and evaluated. It was judged that the less water droplets adhered, the better. Water droplets were evaluated on a two-grade scale of ◯: no water droplets and x: water droplets present.

According to Tables 1 to 6, it is clear that the heat insulating sheets of Examples 1 to 22 are excellent in light-shielding properties, heat-retaining properties, and heat-shielding properties, have good convergence properties, and are excellent in reducing dripping during use. there were. In Comparative Example 1, since the functional layer was too thin, there was a risk of tearing during folding or winding (repeated tests caused tearing). In Comparative Example 2, since the functional layer was too thick, it was difficult to fold and wind up, resulting in unevenness and many shadows. Comparative Example 3 was inferior to Comparative Example 2. Since Comparative Example 4 was not a flat yarn woven fabric layer, it lost its flexibility, making it difficult to fold and wind up, and tended to reduce its light shielding rate. In Comparative Example 5, the interval between the joining and integration was too wide, so that the width of the folding was large and the diameter of the winding was large, resulting in unevenness and large shadows. In Comparative Example 6, since the joint and integration interval is too narrow, the heat insulating layer is crushed, the heat insulating effect is reduced, the stiffness is weak, folding and winding are not good, and the water retention effect of the heat insulating layer is also poor. Damaged and dripped. Comparative Example 7 is an example in which the heat-retaining layer is a foam sheet, but air does not escape from the heat-retaining layer during folding and winding, making folding and winding very difficult, and the foam sheet has no water-retaining effect at all. , a drop occurred. Comparative Example 8 is an example without a resin film layer, but the strength was insufficient, the stiffness was weakened, and the heat retaining effect was lowered. Comparative Example 9 is an example without a layer having functionality, but it was completely ineffective against dripping. Comparative Example 10 is an example without a flat yarn fabric layer, but had no light shielding effect. Comparative Example 11 is an example in which there is no resin film layer and the functional layer is replaced with a flat yarn layer. I didn't. Comparative Example 12, which is similar to Cited Document 4, had no heat shielding effect and was highly rigid because it was integrally laminated by polyethylene extrusion, making it very difficult to fold or wind up. Comparative Example 13, which is similar to Cited Document 5, had no heat-shielding effect and used a water-permeable perforated film, so it had no effect on dripping. Comparative Example 14, which is similar to Cited Document 6, had no heat shielding effect and used a laminated air bubble sheet, so convergence was very poor. Comparative Example 15, which is similar to Cited Document 7, has a weak heat shielding effect, uses an adhesive to join the sheets, and has overlapping parts where the joints overlap. It had no effect on falling. In Comparative Example 16, since the joint and integration interval is too narrow, the heat insulating layer is crushed, the heat insulating effect is lowered, the stiffness is weak, folding and winding are not good, and the water retention effect of the heat insulating layer is also poor. Damaged and dripped. Comparative Example 17 is an example in which there is no layer having functionality, but the heat-retaining effect was also lowered, and there was no effect on dripping. Comparative Example 18 is an example without a resin film layer, but the strength was insufficient, the stiffness was weakened, and the heat retaining effect was lowered.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 flat yarn 2 filament 3 polyester yarn 4 flat yarn fabric 5 flat yarn fabric layer 6 heat insulating layer 7 resin film layer 8 functional layer 9 laminate

Claims (2)

In order from the outside, a flat yarn fabric layer, a synthetic resin cotton having a basis weight of 30 g/m ² or more and 100 g/m ² or less, a resin film layer, and a nonwoven fabric of 20 g/m ² or more and less than 100 g/m ² (however, hydrophilic (excluding elastic non-woven fabrics) , and sewn at multiple locations at intervals of 1 inch or more and 7 inches or less in straight parts perpendicular to the folding direction or parallel to the winding axis direction of winding A heat insulating material for an agricultural house, characterized by comprising a laminate that is joined and integrated by processing (except for pinsonic processing) and that satisfies the following conditions (1) to (3).
(1) The maximum thickness is 2.4 mm or more and 12 mm or less
(2) The light shielding rate by the method using an illuminometer (method A) is 77.0% or more and less than 100%
(3) Thermal insulation effect by the Boken method is 8.5°C or higher and 15.0°C or lower 2. The heat insulating material for agricultural houses according to claim 1 , wherein the resin film layer is a layer made of a polyolefin film.

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