JP7304777B2 - Litter regeneration device and litter regeneration method - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bedding recycling device used for livestock flooring.

Litter is the bedding that is placed on the barn floor for livestock to lie or sit on. The bedding must have high cushioning and heat retention properties, be non-slippery, and be dry and hygienic to dry the skin surface of livestock and suppress bacterial growth, It is requested not to harm livestock. In addition to livestock livability, it is also required to have high water absorbency to absorb excrement and improve handling of excrement, and to absorb odors of excrement to reduce odors of excrement. .
As the litter, for example, hay, straw (straw), sawdust, rice husks and the like are used.

Such bedding ends its role when it becomes saturated with water by absorbing the water of the excrement. For example, a dairy cow breeding facility becomes saturated with water in a few days. In other words, every time it becomes saturated with water, it must be replaced with new litter. However, since hay and straw are not suitable for livestock feed, there is a limit to the stable supply for the number of animals raised. On the other hand, the prices of sawdust and rice husks are soaring as the demand for biomass power generation is increasing.

As described above, the bedding cost is a major factor that puts pressure on ranch management, and a technology for reclaiming bedding such as that disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been developed.
Patent Document 1 describes a first step of sun-drying used livestock bedding for several hours, a second step of fermenting the livestock bedding at high temperature, and a third step of forced air drying while forcibly stirring the livestock bedding for several days. disclose a method of recycling livestock bedding that renders used livestock bedding reusable.

JP-A-9-172895

However, the technique of Patent Document 1 is to forcibly apply air to the fermented livestock bedding to dry the moisture, and the drying process takes a long time of 2 to 3 days. Further, in this drying process, it is not possible to remove substances (such as ammonia) that cause odorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide remaining in the bedding.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a simple litter recycling apparatus that is low in cost and highly safe for livestock.

The bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising a hot air generating section for generating hot air and a drying section for drying the used bedding with the hot air while agitating the used bedding to generate the recycled bedding.
Since the apparatus for recycling used bedding of the present invention agitates and dries the used bedding with hot air, it is possible to sterilize the used bedding and remove ammonia and the like contained in the used bedding. can.

In the bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the used bedding is a dried manure-containing bedding obtained by drying manure-containing bedding or a composted bedding obtained by fermenting and drying manure-containing bedding. In particular, the used bedding preferably has a moisture content of 20% to 85%.
The used bedding obtained by drying manure-containing bedding is easy to handle and suitable for drying with hot air.

In the bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the hot air has a temperature of 450° C. or higher. As a result, ammonia and the like can be further removed.
In the bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the exhaust temperature of the drying section is 90° C. or higher. In this case, the bacteria contained in the used litter can be sterilized.

In the bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention, the drying unit has a cylindrical processing tank, and the processing tank has a take-out side for taking out the recycled bedding from the end on the side where the used bedding is introduced. It is preferable that the end portion is obliquely installed so as to be lowered. By slanting the treatment tank, the used litter moves from the inlet of the treatment tank toward the outlet while being dried over a predetermined period of time.
It is preferable that the treatment tank has an outlet for taking out the recycled litter. By taking out the litter directly from the treatment tank, it is possible to selectively take out only the recycled litter in good condition suitable for reuse.
It is preferable that the processing tank has a plurality of stirring blades axially mounted in the processing tank. In this case, the used bedding put into the treatment tank moves toward the outlet while being agitated and pulverized.

It is preferable that the bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention has a dust collector for taking out powder from the exhaust air of the drying section, and takes out the powder collected by the dust collector as the recycled bedding. In this case, the recycled litter can be produced more efficiently.

In the bedding reclaiming apparatus of the present invention, the hot air generating section exchanges heat with a primary hot air generating section that generates primary hot air without contact with the primary hot air, thereby exchanging heat with the primary hot air. and a secondary hot air generating section for generating secondary hot air, and the drying section preferably dries the used litter with the secondary hot air.
Since the used bedding is dried by using the secondary hot air that is non-contact heat exchanged with the primary hot air generated by the primary hot air generating part, the waste, etc. contained in the primary hot air is included in the recycled bedding. There is no In addition, exhaust gas such as chlorine contained in the primary hot air does not affect the used bedding in the drying section. Therefore, cheap fuel can be used, and regeneration costs can be reduced. In particular, the primary hot air generating section preferably generates the primary hot air by burning RPF fuel.

In the bedding recycling apparatus of the present invention, since the used bedding is dried with hot air while being agitated, it is possible to generate reclaimed bedding that is safe for livestock.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the schematic which shows one Embodiment of the litter reproduction|regeneration apparatus of this invention. 2a and 2b are a plan view and a side view, respectively, of a drying drum of the drying section of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 3a is a side cross-sectional view showing the drum body of the drying drum of FIG. 2a, and FIGS. 3b and 3c are schematic views respectively showing the postures of the stirring blades.

First, the target litter will be described.
A bedding is a flooring material used for lying or sitting on livestock such as cattle, pigs, and chickens. In particular, bedding for cattle barns is mentioned.
Materials for bedding include agricultural products, wood, organic waste, and inorganic materials.
Agricultural products include rice straw, wheat straw (straw), rice husk, and hay.
Wood-based materials include saw dust, sawdust, bark (bark), chipper dust, pin chips (crushed chips), cutter waste (brainers, molders, drills), curl mats, and the like. Sawdust, pin chips, and curl mats are produced for factory leftovers and bedding.
Examples of organic wastes include waste paper, waste fungus beds such as mushroom culture media, building demolition materials, tea leaves, and biogas residues. Building demolition materials are the same as pin chips, but they contain unidentified materials including tree species.
Inorganic systems include sand, ground shells, and the like.
The litter is produced by mixing one or more of these materials. In particular, it is preferable to use a bedding material mainly composed of a woody material because it can be stably supplied in large amounts, is suitable for mechanical work, and has high water absorption and water retention properties. In addition, it is preferable to use a bedding material mainly composed of pulverized materials.

Used litter refers to that derived from litter containing livestock manure. For example, manure-containing bedding taken out from a cow barn, etc., dried manure-containing bedding obtained by transpiration of manure-containing bedding by ventilation or the sun, manure-containing bedding fermented and dried, that is, organic matter in manure-containing bedding is decomposed. and composted bedding dried by the heat of fermentation. Dry manure bedding and composted bedding are easier to handle than manure bedding due to their lower moisture content. In particular, composted bedding decomposes organic matter contained in excrement, so it is less likely to emit odorous gases and is environmentally friendly. In addition, the dry manure-containing bedding includes the manure-containing bedding that has been mixed with a water-adjusting agent such as compost or sawdust to adjust the water content.
The moisture content of manure-containing bedding is generally between 85% and 99%.
The moisture content of dry manure-containing bedding and composted bedding is between 20% and 85%, preferably between 30% and 80%, particularly preferably between 30% and 60%.
The moisture content of recycled litter obtained from such used litter is between 10% and 30%, preferably between 20% and 30%.

Next, the litter recycling apparatus will be described.
The litter recycling apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 is for generating recycled litter from used litter, and includes a hot air generator 20 that generates hot air and a drying part 50 that agitates the used litter and dries it with the hot air. It has

The hot air generating section 20 includes a primary hot air generating section 30 for generating primary hot air, and a secondary hot air generating section 40 for generating secondary hot air by non-contact heat exchange with the primary hot air. .

The primary hot air generator 30 includes a primary hot air generator 31 that generates the primary hot air HA1, a dust collector 32 that removes dust from the primary hot air exhaust EA1, and an exhaust pipe 33 that discharges the primary hot air exhaust EA1. and an induction fan 34 for inducing the primary hot air HA1 to the exhaust stack 33.

The primary hot-air generator 31 is provided with a generator main body 31a, a fuel input section 31b for inputting fuel into the generator main body 31a, and a combustion fan 31c. A temperature sensor is provided in the generator main body 31a. The fuel inlet 31b is not particularly limited as long as it accommodates fuel and guides it to the primary hot air generator. This embodiment has an input hopper 31b1 containing fuel and a conveyor 31b2.
Preferred fuels for the primary hot air generator include fossil fuels, biomass such as wood flour and sawdust, and waste solid fuels such as RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel). Inexpensive RPF fuel is preferred. Although biomass fuels such as sawdust are environmentally friendly, they are sometimes difficult to obtain due to increased demand in recent years, so it is preferable to use waste fuels such as RPF, which are more stably supplied.

Although the dust collector 32 is not particularly limited, for example, a cyclone dust collector can be used. Garbage, dust, etc. collected by the dust collector 32 are discharged to a dust box 32b via a rotary valve 32a. Pollution-related dust is not discharged into the atmosphere by collecting dust and the like from the primary hot air by the dust collector 32 .
The induction fan 34 guides the primary hot air. Also, the induction fan 34 controls the temperature inside the generator main body 31 a of the primary hot air generator 31 .

The secondary hot air generating section 40 includes a supply cylinder 41 that supplies air, a discharge cylinder 42 that discharges the generated secondary hot air HA2 to the drying device, a heat exchanger 43, and an induction fan 54 (drying section 50 and combined use).
The structure of the heat exchanger 43 is not particularly limited as long as the heat exchanger 43 transfers the heat of the primary hot air HA1 to the outside air OA taken in from the supply cylinder 41 in a non-contact manner to generate the secondary hot air HA2. isn't it.
The induction fan 54 guides the secondary hot air HA2. Then, the temperature of the secondary hot air HA2 is controlled. The induction fan 54 is provided across the drying section 50 as will be described later, and also serves as an induction fan for the drying section 50 .

The hot air generating section 20 generates the secondary hot air HA2 sent to the drying section 50 by exchanging heat with the primary hot air HA1 generated by the primary hot air generator 31 in a non-contact manner. Ingredients unfavorable for livestock, such as dust and chlorine, are not sent to the drying section 50. - 特許庁That is, the generated recycled litter does not contain dust and the like contained in the primary hot air HA1. Further, the chlorine contained in the primary hot air HA1 does not affect the used bedding in the drying section 50. - 特許庁Therefore, the fuel selectivity of the primary hot air generator is high.

As shown in FIG. 1, the drying section 50 includes a drying drum 51, a dust collector 52 for removing powder and the like from the exhaust discharged from the drying drum 51, an exhaust pipe 53 for discharging the exhaust from the drying drum 51, a secondary and an induction fan 54 for inducing hot air to the chimney.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the drying drum 51 includes a cylindrical drum body (processing tank) 61, an input hopper 62 (only FIG. 1) for guiding the used litter to the drum body 61, and the drum body. 61, a pedestal 63 (only FIG. 2), a shaft core 64 rotatably fixed in the drum body 61, and a plurality of stirring blades 65 (only FIG. 1) rotating around the shaft core 64 in the drum body 61. ) and a driving device 66 for driving the shaft core 64 thereof.

The drum body 61 has a used bedding inlet 61a and hot air inlets 61b1 and 61b2 for supplying the secondary hot air HA2 on the upper side near one (upstream) end (left side in FIGS. 2a and 2b). is provided. Recycled bedding (dried material) outlets 61c1 and 61c2 are provided near the other (downstream) end (right side in FIGS. 2a and 2b), and gas exhaust ports 61d1 and 61d2 are provided on the upper and lateral sides, respectively. is provided. The drum body 61 is installed obliquely so that the upstream end is higher than the downstream end. In this embodiment, there are two hot air inlets, two gas outlets, and two outlets, but at least one of each is sufficient. However, by providing two each, the processing time can be adjusted according to the state of the used litter (for example, change in moisture content, etc.).
The inclination angle of the drum body 61 is preferably 5 to 25 degrees, more preferably 10 to 20 degrees, and particularly preferably 12 to 18 degrees. If it is less than 5 degrees, the used litter that is thrown in tends to stay. If the temperature is higher than 25 degrees, it may not be possible to hold the thrown-in used litter in the drum body 61 and dry it sufficiently.

The length X of the drum body 61 is between 1000 mm and 4000 mm, preferably between 1500 mm and 3000 mm. The diameter Y of the drum body 61 is 300 mm to 1500 mm, preferably 500 mm to 1000 mm. The diameter Y (Y/X) of the drum body 61 with respect to the length X of the drum body 61 is 0.1 to 0.5, preferably 0.2 to 0.3.
Reference numeral 67 is an observation window for confirming the state of the interior.

The input hopper 62 is not particularly limited as long as it accommodates the used litter and guides it to the drum body 61 .
The shape and structure of the pedestal 63 are particularly limited as long as it can support the drum main body 61, particularly if it can obliquely support the drum main body 61 so that the end on the upstream side is higher than the end on the downstream side. not a thing

As shown in FIGS. 3a, 3b, and 3c, the stirring blade 65 is provided with a rotating base 68a connected to the shaft core 64 and two blades 68b extending radially outward from the rotating base 68a at intervals of 180 degrees. ing. The blade 68b includes support portions 68b1 and 68b2 extending from the front and rear in the axial direction of the drum, and plate-like blade portions 68b3 connecting the tips of the support portions. The plate-like blade portion 68b3 has a width direction parallel to the radial direction of the drum body 61 and a length direction parallel to the axis 64 of the drum body 61. As shown in FIG. Thus, the agitating blade 65 does not push out air in the axial direction by rotating, but finely crushes and pulverizes the used bedding put into the drum. However, its shape is not particularly limited.
A plurality of stirring blades 65 are arranged at equal intervals in the drum, and adjacent stirring blades 65 are installed with blades 68b shifted by 90 degrees. FIG. 3b shows an odd stage of stirring blades 65a and FIG. 3c shows an even stage of stirring blades 65b. In other words, the angles of the wings 68b are the same in one jump. In this embodiment, 13 stirring blades 65 are provided, but the number is not particularly limited.

Returning to FIG. 2, the driving device 66 is installed outside the drum and has a motor 66a, a reduction gear 66b connecting the motor 66a and the shaft core 64, and a cover 66c covering the reduction gear 66b. In addition, the driving device 66 is not particularly limited.

Returning to FIG. 1 , the dust collector 52 is not particularly limited, and is substantially the same as the dust collector 32 of the hot air generating section 20 .
The induction fan 54 guides the hot air in the drying section 50 to the chimney 53 . It also controls the temperature inside the drying section 50 and the temperature of the exhaust from the drying section 50 . Further, as described above, the induced draft fan 54 serves both as a secondary hot air generating section and as a induced draft fan for the drying section 50 .

In the bedding recycling apparatus 10, the dried material (recycled bedding), powder, and the like collected from the recovery section of the drying section 50, that is, the outlets 61c1 and 61c2 of the drying drum 51 and the dust collector 52, are stored in the storage box 55.
The powder or the like collected by the dust collector 52 is mixed with the dried material (recycled bedding) taken out from the drying section 50 to form the recycled bedding, or the powder that can be used as the recycled bedding is taken out from the powder or the like and mixed with the dried material. It can also be used as recycled litter. Moreover, you may discard as it is. However, when the dried material and the powder are mixed to form the reclaimed bedding, the reclaimed bedding can be produced without waste, which is preferable.

Next, the flow of this litter recycling apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the primary hot air generator 30 of the hot air generator 20 generates the primary hot air HA1. The temperature of the primary hot air HA1 is 600°C to 1200°C, preferably 700°C to 1000°C, particularly preferably 800°C to 900°C. The primary hot air HA1 passes through the secondary hot air generator 40 and is discharged from the exhaust stack 33 as the primary hot air exhaust EA1.
On the other hand, in the heat exchanger 43 of the secondary hot air generating section 40, the outside air OA taken in is heated by the heat amount of the primary hot air HA1 in a non-contact manner to generate the secondary hot air HA2. The lower limit of the temperature of the secondary hot air HA2 is 450° C. or higher, preferably 500° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 550° C. or higher. By setting the temperature to 450° C. or higher, odors contained in the used bedding (for example, ammonia is 500° C. or higher) can be removed in the drying section 50 as described later. In addition, the upper limit of the temperature of secondary hot air HA2 is 900 degrees C or less. If the temperature is 900° C. or higher, the material of the device may be adversely affected. It is preferably 700° C. or less.

The secondary hot air HA<b>2 generated by the hot air generating section 20 is supplied to the drying section 50 .
In the drying section 50, the used bedding is directly dried with the secondary hot air HA2, while being agitated and crushed by the agitating blade 65. - 特許庁Since the drum body 61 of the drying section 50 is inclined, the used bedding is conveyed to the outlets 61c1 and 61c2 by gravity while being agitated by the agitating blades 65 . In this way, the used bedding is dried in the drying drum 51 for a predetermined time and taken out from the outlet of the drying drum 51 as regenerated bedding.
Here, the lower limit of the temperature of the exhaust EA2 of the secondary hot air HA2 from the drying section 50 is 90° C. or higher, preferably 95° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 110° C. or higher. If the temperature is lower than 90°C, the used litter to be put in cannot be sufficiently sterilized. On the other hand, the upper limit of the temperature of the exhaust EA2 is 300° C. or lower, preferably 150° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 130° C. or lower. If the temperature is higher than 300°C, the recycled litter will be dusted, and when used as recycled litter, there is a risk of harming the health of livestock, such as impairing breathing and the like.

In this manner, the bedding recycling apparatus 10 dries the used bedding while agitating it with hot air (secondary hot air HA2), so that it is possible to remove ammonia and the like from the used bedding, thereby producing high-quality recycled bedding. can be done. Also, the drying time is short.

In this litter recycling apparatus 10, the hot air generating section 20 is used to generate hot air (secondary hot air), but the method is not particularly limited.
Further, in the bedding recycling apparatus 10, the used bedding is directly dried with hot air (secondary hot air), but the method of drying is not particularly limited. For example, the used litter may be dried indirectly, ie non-contact, with hot air. In that case, the hot air generated by the primary hot air generator may be sent to the drying section.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 bedding recycling device 20 hot air generator 30 primary hot air generator 31 primary hot air generator 31a generator body 31b fuel input section 31b1 input hopper 31b2 conveyor 31c combustion fan 32 dust collector 32a rotary valve 32b dust box 33 exhaust stack 34 induction fan 40 2 Secondary hot air generator 41 Air supply cylinder 42 Discharge cylinder 43 Heat exchanger 50 Drying part 51 Drying drum 52 Dust collector 53 Exhaust cylinder 54 Induction fan 55 Storage 61 Drum main body 61a Inlet 61b1, 61b2 Hot air inlet 61c1, 61c2 Outlet 61d1, 61d2 Gas exhaust port 62 Throwing hopper 63 Base 64 Axle 65, 65a, 65b Stirring blade 66 Driving device 66a Motor 66b Reduction gear 66c Cover 68a Rotation base 68b Wings 68b1, 68b2 Supporting part 68b3 Blade part HA1 Primary hot air EA1 Primary hot air Exhaust HA2 Secondary hot air EA2 Secondary hot air exhaust OA Outside air

Claims (7)

A primary hot air generating section for generating primary hot air, and a secondary hot air generating section for generating secondary hot air having a temperature lower than that of the primary hot air and 500° C. or higher by non-contact heat exchange with the primary hot air. a hot air generating part having
A plurality of cylindrical agitation blades installed obliquely so that the end on the side where the outlet for taking out the recycled bedding is provided is lower than the end on the side where the used bedding is introduced, and is axially attached to the inside. and a drying unit that directly dries the used litter with the secondary hot air while stirring to generate the recycled litter,
Bedding reclaimer. The used bedding is a dried manure-containing bedding obtained by drying the manure-containing bedding or a composted bedding obtained by fermenting and drying the manure-containing bedding.
The bedding recycling apparatus according to claim 1. Moisture content of the used litter is 20% to 85%,
The bedding recycling device according to claim 1 or 2. The exhaust temperature of the drying section is 90° C. or higher.
The bedding recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Having a dust collector for removing powder from the exhaust air of the drying unit,
taking out the powder collected by the dust collector as the recycled litter;
The bedding recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . The primary hot air generating unit generates the primary hot air by burning RPF fuel.
The bedding recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . a hot air generating step of generating primary hot air and exchanging heat with the primary hot air in a non-contact manner to generate secondary hot air having a temperature lower than that of the primary hot air and 500° C. or higher;
A plurality of shaft-mounted treatment tanks are installed at an angle so that the end on the side where the outlet for taking out the recycled litter is lower than the end on the side where the used litter is put in. and a drying step of directly drying the used bedding with the secondary hot air while agitating the used bedding to generate the recycled bedding.
Litter regeneration method.

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