JP7308136B2 - Fireproof wooden structural material - Google Patents

Description

When wood is heated from the outside during a fire, the surface of the wood burns and a carbonized layer is formed. If this carbonized layer is evenly formed on the surface of the wood, the intrusion of heat into the wood is suppressed and the inside of the wood increases. Structural deterioration is suppressed. Utilizing this characteristic, the wood used for columns and beams is made thicker, and a carbonized layer is formed on the surface of the wood after burning so that a sound cross section that can support a long-term load can be secured inside the wood after burning. There is known a technique of providing a flammable margin of a predetermined thickness to form a . A wooden building is also made into a quasi-fire-resistant building by using such a structural material provided with a burning margin for the main structural part.

Various techniques have been proposed for obtaining fire-resistant members by providing a burning margin on the surface of wood or a composite material of wood and other materials. A wooden building member is proposed that includes a surface structural part, a covering part that covers the entire length of the cross section of the structural part, and an insulating part interposed in layers between the structural part and the covering part. It is Further, in Patent Documents 2 and 3, a burnout layer is provided on the outside of a load support layer made of wood or the like sufficient to support a long-term load, and a burnout layer made of wood having a predetermined thickness of burning margin is provided on the outside. Structural materials provided with a margin layer have been proposed. Further, Patent Document 4 proposes a wooden fire-resistant member in which a fire-resistant material layer, an air layer, and a burning margin wood layer are laminated in order toward the outside around a wooden load-bearing portion.

JP-A-2007-46286 JP-A-2005-36457 JP 2005-48585 A JP 2018-145654 A

In the structural materials of Patent Documents 1 to 3, the outer surface of the insulating portion (burnt layer in Patent Documents 2 and 3) covering the periphery of the structural portion (load supporting portion in Patent Documents 2 and 3) and the covering portion (Patent Documents The covering portion is arranged so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the embers layer in Documents 2 and 3). That is, the outer surface of the insulating portion and the inner surface of the covering portion are in direct contact. Therefore, for example, when unevenness occurs on the outer surface of the insulating part due to the influence of adhesives, nails, etc. for joining the insulating part to the structural part, the covering part can be fixed to the outside of the insulating part as designed. becomes difficult. In addition, due to the unevenness that occurs on the outer surface of the insulating portion, unevenness also occurs on the outer surface of the covering portion disposed outside the insulating portion, and there is a risk that the appearance of the entire structural material will be impaired. .

In the wooden fire-resistant member of Patent Document 4, since the air layer is sealed between the fire-resistant material layer and the burning margin wood layer, for example, rain or the like may occur during construction of the building using the wooden fire-resistant member. When the wooden load-bearing part gets wet, the wooden fire-resistant member is difficult to dry.

By the way, for example, in a joint structure between a column and a beam, for example, the load-bearing part and the flaring layer are beam-gain, so that the winning and losing of the pillar and the beam are reversed by the load-bearing part and the flaring layer. As a result, in the joint structure, the end portions of the load-bearing portion and the margin layer can be provided at different positions, and even if the end portion of the margin layer burns in the event of a fire, the end portion of the load-bearing portion and the joint metal will not be affected. It is possible to make it difficult for the heat to reach, and it is possible to determine the end portion fitting of the flammable margin layer regardless of the joining method of the load supporting portion, thereby making it easy to select an excellent appearance. However, none of Patent Documents 1 to 4 suggests anything about reversing the winning/losing between the column and the beam with the load supporting portion and the flammable layer and improving the aesthetic appearance of the joint structure between the structures. Nor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire-resistant wooden structural member that is easy to keep the load-bearing part dry, easy to manufacture and refurbish, and is aesthetically pleasing. Another object of the present invention is to provide a joining structure of structures excellent in appearance.

The present invention comprises a wooden load-bearing part, a non-combustible first covering member covering both sides of the load-bearing part in one direction of the cross section, and a first covering member outside each of the first covering members in the one direction. A wooden embers layer fixed via a spacer so as to have a gap between it and the covering member, and a second covering member covering one side or both sides of the load-bearing part in the orthogonal direction perpendicular to the one direction. wherein a noncombustible corner reinforcing member is disposed on the outer surface side of each first covering member on one or both sides having a second covering member in the orthogonal direction, and the corner The corner reinforcing member is arranged in a state in which a part or the whole of the outer surface of the first covering member is overlapped and a part of the corner reinforcing member extends from one end of the load supporting portion in the orthogonal direction. The above objects are accomplished by providing a fire resistant wooden structural member in which the member partially narrows the unidirectional length of the gap or partially eliminates the gap.

Further, the present invention provides a joint structure of structural members in which a first structural member that is a vertical member and a second structural member that is a horizontal member are joined in a cross shape, wherein the first structural member and the second structural member 2 structural members are respectively arranged on the outside of the load-bearing part, the non-combustible first covering member covering both sides of the load-bearing part in one direction of the cross section, and the first covering member in the one direction. A flammable margin layer is provided on the side surface along the axial direction of the load-bearing portion of either one of the first or second structural members, and the axial end portion of the load-bearing portion of the other structural member. is joined, and an axial end of the embers of the one structural member is joined to an axially extending surface of the embers of the other structural member The above objects have been achieved by providing a material joining structure.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fire-resistant wooden structural member that is easy to keep the load-bearing part dry, easy to manufacture and refurbish, and is aesthetically pleasing. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a joint structure between structures with excellent appearance.

FIG. 1(a) is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred first embodiment of a fireproof wooden structural member of the present invention, and FIG. 1(b) is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1(a). 2(a) is an exploded perspective view of the fire-resistant wooden structural member shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2(b) is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the fire-resistant wooden structural member shown in FIG. 1 without a spacer. 3(a) and 3(b) are cross-sectional views showing modifications of the fireproof wooden structural member shown in FIG. FIG. 4(a) is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a preferred second embodiment of the fireproof wooden structural member of the present invention, which corresponds to FIG. 1(a). FIG. 4(b) is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the fireproof wooden structural member shown in FIG. 4(a). FIG. 5(a) is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a preferred third embodiment of the fireproof wooden structural member of the present invention, which corresponds to FIG. 1(a). FIG. 5(b) is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the fireproof wooden structural member shown in FIG. 5(a). FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a preferred first embodiment of the joining structure of structural members of the present invention. FIG. 7(a) is a cross-sectional view along the axial direction of the second structural member in the joined structure of the structural members shown in FIG. FIG. 7(b) is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the joining structure of the structural members shown in FIG. 6, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 7(a). 8(a) and 8(b) are cross-sectional views showing another modification of the joining structure of the structural members shown in FIG. 6, and are equivalent to FIG. 7(a). FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a preferred second embodiment of the joining structure of structural members of the present invention, which is equivalent to FIG. FIG. 10(a) is a cross-sectional view along the axial direction of the second structural member in the joined structure of the structural members shown in FIG. FIG. 10(b) is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the joining structure of the structural members shown in FIG. 9, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 10(a). 11A and 11B are cross-sectional views showing another modification of the joining structure of the structural members shown in FIG. 9, and are equivalent to FIG. 10A.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on its preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show a fire-resistant wooden structural member 1, which is a first preferred embodiment of the fire-resistant wooden structural member of the present invention. The fireproof wooden structural member 1 is a structural rectangular member used, for example, as a beam of a wooden building. A fire resistant wooden structural member 1 comprises a wooden load bearing portion 2, a first covering member 3, a wooden embers layer 5, a second covering member 7 and non-combustible corner reinforcing members 8. there is

The load-bearing part 2 alone is designed to have a cross-sectional design that is safe in terms of structural strength against loads that occur over a long period of time (long-term loads), such as fixed loads, load loads, and snow loads. Such cross-sectional designs are known.

The first covering member 3 covers both sides of the load bearing portion 2 in one direction X of the cross section of the fireproof wooden structural member 1 . In the first embodiment, both ends of the first covering member 3 in the orthogonal direction Y orthogonal to the X direction are aligned with both ends of the load supporting portion 2 in the Y direction, and the load supporting portion 3 is provided over the entire Y direction. The part 2 is covered. The first covering member 3 can be fixed to the side surface of the load bearing portion 2 with screws or the like. In the first embodiment, the first covering member 3 is composed of a laminated body in which two plate-like members are superimposed. Each plate-shaped member constituting the laminate may be configured by connecting a plurality of members with a joint material 13 (see FIG. 2(a)). Also, the first covering member 3 may be a laminate in which three or more plate-shaped members are laminated. In the laminate, the plate-like members constituting the laminate may or may not be joined in advance with an adhesive or the like. The laminate may be fixed to a member to be fixed, such as the load support portion 2, with or without adhering the plate-like members constituting the laminate. The same applies when the second covering member 7 and the corner reinforcing member 8, which will be described later, are made of a laminate.
In addition, in the present invention, the first covering member does not necessarily have to be a laminate obtained by stacking a plurality of plate-like members, and may be a single plate-like member.

The embers layer 5 is fixed to the outside of each of the first covering members 3 in the X direction via spacers 4 so as to have a gap 6 between itself and the first covering member 3 . The thickness P of the embers layer 5 can be set based on a known embers design. The burn margin design is a design method that adds a predetermined burn margin to the cross section required for long-term structural strength and short-term structural strength in the event of an earthquake. It is designed to ensure the load bearing part 2 that does not collapse while withstanding the load that supports the building, and to provide a flammable margin layer with a thickness corresponding to the required fire resistance performance around it. For example, for one-hour quasi-fire resistance, a flammable margin design with a 45 mm wood covering is performed.

Since the general carbonization rate of wood is about 0.6 mm/min, the thickness P of the charred margin layer 5 is preferably 36 mm or more, more It is preferably 45 mm or more. The thickness P of the embers layer 5 is preferably 72 mm or more, more preferably 90 mm or more, from the viewpoint of imparting 2-hour fire resistance to the embers layer 5 . The thickness P of the burning margin layer 5 is preferably 108 mm or more, more preferably 135 mm or more, from the viewpoint of imparting three-hour fire resistance to the burning margin layer 5 .

In the first embodiment, the spacers 4 are arranged intermittently in the axial directions Z and Y of the load support portion 2 .
Further, in the first embodiment, the spacer 4 is fixed to the load supporting portion 2 and the first covering member 3 by screws 11, and the burnt margin layer 5 is fixed to the spacer 4 by screws 12 (Fig. 1(b)). )reference). From the viewpoint of preventing the screw 12 from forming a thermal bridge, it is preferable that the tip of the screw 12 for fixing the flammable layer 5 does not reach the load supporting portion 2 . Further, in the first embodiment, it is preferable that the embers layer 5 is recessed so that the screws 12 do not protrude from the outer surface 5a of the embers layer 5 .

The second covering member 7 covers one side of the load supporting portion 2 in the Y direction. In the first embodiment, the second covering member 7 has a surface 7a that faces the one end 2e of the load bearing portion 2 and the one end 3e of the first covering member 3 . In addition, the second covering member 7 extends from both ends 2h of the load supporting portion 2 in the X direction, and the tip surface 7b in the extending direction is the corner reinforcing member extending portion 81 of the corner reinforcing member 8 described later. It has second covering member extensions 71 facing each other. Further, in the first embodiment, the second covering member 7 is composed of a laminated body in which two plate-like members are superimposed. Also, the second covering member 7 may be a laminate in which three or more plate members are laminated. In addition, in the present invention, the second covering member does not necessarily have to be a laminate obtained by stacking a plurality of plate-like members, and may be a single plate-like member.

The corner reinforcing member 8 is arranged on the outer surface 3a side of each of the first covering members 3 on one side having the second covering member 7 in the Y direction. The corner reinforcing member 8 can be fixed to the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3 with screws or the like. In the first embodiment, the corner reinforcing member 8 is composed of a laminated body in which two plate-like members are superimposed. Each plate-shaped member constituting the laminate is formed by connecting a plurality of members with a joint material 13 (see FIG. 2(a)). Further, the corner reinforcing member 8 may be a laminated body in which three or more plate-like members are laminated. The plate-like members constituting the corner reinforcing member 8 do not necessarily have to be joined together by the joint material 13, and the ends of the plate-like members may be butted against each other.
In the present invention, the corner reinforcing member does not necessarily have to consist of a laminate obtained by stacking a plurality of plate-like members, and may be a single plate-like member.

The corner reinforcing member 8 is arranged in a state in which a portion of the corner reinforcing member 8 overlaps the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3 and a portion 81 extends from one end 2e of the load supporting portion 2 in the Y direction (Fig. 1(b)). Here, the overlapping state means a state in which the corner reinforcing member 8 and the first covering member 3 overlap, and the corner reinforcing member 8 and the first covering member 3 are in contact with each other. It includes not only the state in which the corner reinforcing member 8 and the first covering member 3 are separated from each other. In the first embodiment, the corner reinforcing member 8 and the first covering member 3 are in contact with each other. Further, in the first embodiment, the corner reinforcing member 8 also extends from the one end 3e of the first covering member 3. As shown in FIG. The portion 81 of the corner reinforcing member 8 extending from the one end 2e of the load supporting portion 2 and the one end 3e of the first covering member 3 is the corner reinforcing member extending portion 81. As shown in FIG.

The length W of the portion where the corner reinforcing member 8 and the first covering member 3 overlap improves the fire resistance performance of the overlapping portion, and the screw or the like for fastening the overlapping portion is the corner reinforcing member 8. It is preferably 30 mm or more, and more preferably 80 mm or more, from the viewpoint of securing sufficient edge space so that construction can be performed without cracking the first covering member 3 (see FIG. 1(b)).

In addition, the corner reinforcing member 8 partially narrows the length L in the X direction of the gap 6 between the first covering member 3 and the burnt margin layer 5 . More specifically, the length L of the gap 6 is narrowed by the thickness D of the corner reinforcing member 8 at the portion where the corner reinforcing member 8 is arranged. In the first embodiment, there is a gap 6 between the corner reinforcing member 8 and the burnt margin layer 5 . Note that there may be no gap between the corner reinforcing member 8 and the burnt margin layer 5 . That is, the corner reinforcing member 8 may partially eliminate the gap between the corner reinforcing member 8 and the burnt margin layer 5 .

The length L1 in the X direction of the gap 6 in the portion where the corner reinforcing member 8 does not exist is from the viewpoint of making it easier to dry the load supporting portion 2, and the flammable margin layer 5 is the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3. From the viewpoint of reducing the influence of unevenness, it is preferably 10 mm or more, more preferably 45 mm or more (see FIG. 1(b)).

The length L2 in the X direction of the gap 6 at the portion where the corner reinforcing member 8 exists is from the viewpoint of making it easy to dry the load supporting portion 2, and the flammable margin layer 5 is the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3. From the viewpoint of reducing the influence of unevenness, it is preferably 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and more preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less (see FIG. 1(b)). The length L<b>2 is the length from the outer surface 8 a of the corner reinforcing member 8 to the inner surface 5 b of the margin layer 5 .

According to the fireproof wooden structural material 1 of the first embodiment, the embers layer 5 is fixed to the first covering member 3 via the spacer 4 so as to have a gap 6 between itself and the first covering member 3. Therefore, even if the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3 is uneven, the flammable margin layer 5 can be easily fixed to the outside of the first covering member 3 as designed. For example, by adjusting the thickness of the spacers 4 themselves or by adjusting the degree of tightening of the screws 11 that fix the spacers 4 to the load supporting portion 2, the outer surfaces 4a of the plurality of spacers 4 are made flush with each other. , the flammable margin layer 5 can be fixed. Further, the inclination of the outer surface 5a of the embers layer 5 may be adjusted by adjusting the degree of tightening of the screws 12 that fix the embers layer 5. As shown in FIG. As described above, according to the fire-resistant wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment, the combustible margin layer 5 can be easily fixed regardless of the state of the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3. Therefore, the fire-resistant wooden structure Material 1 can be easily manufactured. In addition, in the fire-resistant wooden structural member 1, the embers layer 5 is fixed to the first covering member 3 via the spacer 4, so that the embers layer 5 can be easily removed from the fire-resistant wooden structural member 1. , the fireproof wooden structure 1 can be easily refurbished.

Further, according to the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment, as described above, the thickness of the spacer 4 itself can be adjusted, and the degree of tightening of the screws 11 fixing the spacer 4 to the load support portion 2 can be adjusted. By adjusting the degree of tightening of screws 12 for fixing the flaming margin layer 5, the outer surface 5a of the flaming margin layer 5 can be easily made flush, so that the fireproof wooden structural material 1 excellent in appearance can be easily manufactured. .

Moreover, since the fireproof wooden structural member 1 has the gap 6 between the flammable layer 5 and the first covering member 3 as described above, the load bearing portion 2 can be easily kept dry. To elaborate on this point, even if the load supporting portion 2, the first covering member 3, the second covering member 7, and the corner reinforcing member 8 get wet due to rain or the like, the moisture evaporated from the load supporting portion 2 is easily diffused into the air through the gap 6. Moreover, even if it rains during construction of a building using the fireproof wooden structural material 1, as shown in FIG. The clearance 6 can be passed through. Thus, according to the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment, it is easy to keep the load bearing portion 2, the first covering member 3, the second covering member 7, and the corner reinforcing member 8 in a dry state.

In addition, in the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment, the second covering member 7 is the portion of the corner reinforcing member 8 that extends from the one end 2e of the load bearing portion 2 in the Y direction, that is, the extension of the corner reinforcing member. It is arranged between the exit portions 81 (see FIG. 1). As a result, even if one end 3e of the first covering member 3 shrinks due to heat and separates from the one end 2e of the load supporting portion 2, the corner of the load supporting portion 2 is secured by the second covering member 7 and the corner reinforcing member 8. Since it is covered, it is difficult for heat to be transmitted.
In the first embodiment, the first covering member 3 has a portion extending from the one end 2e of the load supporting portion 2 in the Y direction, and the second covering member 7 is a part of the first covering member 3. It may be arranged between the extension portions (see FIG. 3(b)). In this case, the one end 3e of the first covering member 3 and the one end 8e of the corner reinforcing member 8 may or may not match in the Y direction.

In addition, in the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment, the second covering member 7 includes the surface 7a facing the one end 2e of the load supporting portion 2 and the one end 3e of the first covering member 3, and the second covering member 7, as described above. Therefore, even if the corner portion 16 of the fireproof wooden structural member 1 is heated in the event of a fire, for example, the heat is less likely to be transmitted to the load supporting portion 2. there is To elaborate on this point, since the tip surface 7b of the second covering member extending portion 71 and the corner reinforcing member extending portion 81 face each other, the outer side in the Y direction (the middle lower side in FIG. 1(b)) heat from outside and heat from the outside in the X direction (right side in FIG. 1(b)).

In the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment, it is preferable that no wooden board having a thickness of 25 mm or more is arranged on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7 . As a result, in a building using the fireproof wooden structural member 1, the space on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7 can be widened. In the space on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7, for example, lighting and wiring can be arranged. From the standpoint of securing a large space on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7, it is more preferable that no plate member made of wood be arranged on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7. FIG.

It is preferable that the second covering member 7 is made of a material that is less prone to thermal contraction than the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 . As a result, even if the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 are thermally shrunk in the event of a fire, for example, the tip surface 7b of the second covering member extending portion 71 and the corner reinforcing member extending portion 81 are It is possible to prevent the formation of a gap between them and to prevent heat from being easily conducted to the load support portion 2 .

Moreover, it is preferable that the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 are made of a material having excellent water resistance as compared with the second covering member 7 . Accordingly, even if moisture comes into contact with the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8, it is possible to prevent moisture from reaching the load supporting portion 2. FIG.

In the first embodiment, the embers layer 5 is made of cross-laminated timber (CLT), laminated lumber, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), plywood, sawn lumber, particle board (PB), and medium density fiberboard (MDF). Among these, from the viewpoint of easy manufacturing of wide and long-span materials and easy to ensure aesthetic appearance in large-scale wooden buildings, cross-laminated - It is preferably made of a material selected from the group consisting of timber (CLT), laminated lumber, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), plywood, and lumber. The CLT or laminated wood may be a laminate of a plurality of laminae having rectangular cross sections stacked in the Y direction such that the vertexes of the rectangles overlap each other.

As the first coating member 3, a gypsum board, a waterproof gypsum board, a fiber-containing calcium silicate board, an ALC board, a wood chip cement board, a wood wool cement board, a ceramic siding, mortar, flame-retardant wood, or the like can be used. From the viewpoint of fire resistance, it is preferable to use a gypsum board, a waterproof gypsum board, or a fiber-containing calcium silicate board.

As the spacer 4, wood, steel lumber, stainless steel lumber, or the like can be used, and from the viewpoint of resistance to deformation due to heat, it is preferable to use wood.

As the corner reinforcing member 8, gypsum board, waterproof gypsum board, fiber-mixed calcium silicate board, ALC board, wood chip cement board, wood wool cement board, ceramic siding, mortar, flame-retardant wood, etc. can be used. From the viewpoint of fire resistance, it is preferable to use gypsum board, waterproof gypsum board, and fiber-containing calcium silicate board. The material forming the corner reinforcing member 8 and the material forming the first covering member 3 may be the same or different.

As the second covering member 7, fiber-mixed calcium silicate board, gypsum board, waterproof gypsum board, ALC board, wood piece cement board, wood wool cement board, ceramic siding, mortar, flame-retardant wood, etc. can be used. From the viewpoint of suppressing heat shrinkage, it is preferable to use a fiber-containing calcium silicate board.

FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) show modifications of the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment. In the fireproof wooden structural member 1 shown in FIG. 3( a ), the flammable margin layer 5 extends beyond one end 8 e of the corner reinforcing member 8 on one side having the second covering member 7 in the Y direction. In the fireproof wooden structural member 1 shown in FIG. The one end 3e and the one end 8e of the corner reinforcing member 8 match in the Y direction. Further, the corner reinforcing member 8 is arranged so as to overlap the outer surface 3a of the first covering member 3 in its entirety. Also, the second covering member 7 is arranged between the extending portions 31 of the first covering member 3 .

Next, fireproof wooden structural members 1B and 1C of preferred second and third embodiments of the fireproof wooden structural member of the present invention will be described. Regarding the second and third embodiments, the points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The description of the first embodiment applies appropriately to points that are not particularly described.

FIG. 4(a) shows a fireproof wooden structural member 1B of the second embodiment. In the fireproof wooden structural member 1B, a plate member 17 made of wood is arranged on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7. As shown in FIG. The plate member 17 has a thickness H of less than 25 mm. In the fireproof wooden structural material 1B shown in FIG.
FIG. 4(b) shows a modification of the fireproof wooden structural member 1B. In the fireproof wooden structural member 1B shown in FIG. 4(b), the tip surface 17b of the plate member 17 in the X direction is in contact with one end of the flammable layer 5 in the Y direction.

The same effect as the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment is exhibited by the fireproof wooden structural member 1B of the second embodiment. Further, in the fireproof wooden structural member 1B, the plate material 17 made of wood having a thickness of less than 25 mm is disposed on the outer surface 7c side of the second covering member 7, so that the burnt margin layer 5 and the plate material 17 are continuous. It is possible to obtain an appearance that looks like a piece of wood.

The thickness H of the plate material 17 is preferably 5 mm or more and 120 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or more and 120 mm or less, from the viewpoints of making it difficult for the plate material 17 itself to bend or warp, and preventing an increase in the load on the load supporting portion 2 due to an increase in weight. is 12 mm or more and 36 mm or less (see FIG. 4(a)).

In addition, in the fireproof wooden structural member 1B of the second embodiment, the inner surface 17a of the plate member 17 and the outer surface 7c of the second covering member 7 may be in contact with each other, or the inner surface 17a of the plate member 17 and the second covering member 7 may contact each other. Although a gap 18 may be formed between the outer surface 7c of the second covering member 7 and the plate member 17, the plate member 17 is affected by keeping the second covering member 7 and the plate member 17 in a dry state and by the unevenness of the second covering member 7. From the viewpoint of preventing this, it is preferable that a gap 18 is formed between the inner surface 17a of the plate member 17 and the outer surface 7c of the second covering member 7 . The length T of the gap 18 in the Y direction, that is, the length T from the inner surface 17a of the plate member 17 to the outer surface 7c of the second covering member 7 is required to keep the second covering member 7 and the plate member 17 in a dry state. 2 From the viewpoint of preventing the plate material 17 from being affected by the unevenness of the covering member 7, it is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more (see FIG. 4A).

FIG. 5(a) shows a fireproof wooden structural member 1C of the third embodiment. The fireproof wooden structural member 1C is a structural rectangular member used, for example, as a pillar of a wooden building. In the fireproof wooden structural member 1C, the second covering member 7 covers both sides of the load bearing portion 2 in the Y direction. Further, in the fireproof wooden structural member 1C, the corner reinforcing members 8 are arranged on the outer surface 3a side of each of the first covering members 3 on both sides having the second covering member 7 in the Y direction.
FIG. 5(b) shows a modification of the fireproof wooden structural member 1C. In the fireproof wooden structural material 1C shown in FIG. The plate member 17 has a thickness H of less than 25 mm.
The same effects as those of the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment are exhibited by the fireproof wooden structural member 1C of the third embodiment.

Next, a structural material bonding structure 10 (hereinafter also simply referred to as a bonding structure 10), which is a preferred first embodiment of the structural material bonding structure of the present invention, will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the joint structure 10 is a structural member joint structure in which a first structural member 20, which is a vertical member, and a second structural member 30, which is a horizontal member, are joined in a cross shape. In the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the first structural member 20 has the same configuration as the fireproof wooden structural member 1C of the third embodiment described above, and the second structural member 30 has the structure described above. It has the same configuration as the fireproof wooden structural member 1 of the first embodiment. The first structural member 20 has one direction X1 of the cross section of the structural member 20 and an orthogonal direction Y1 orthogonal to the X1 direction, and the second structural member 30 has a cross section of the structural member 30. It has one direction X2 of the surface and an orthogonal direction Y2 perpendicular to the X2 direction. In the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the one direction X1 of the first structural member 20 and the one direction X2 of the second structural member 30 are orthogonal to each other.

In the joint structure 10, the end portion 22 of the load supporting portion 2 of the second structural member 30 in the axial direction Z2 is joined to the side surface of the load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20 along the axial direction Z1. . The load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20 has four side surfaces along the Z1 direction, and any one of the four side surfaces has an end portion of the load supporting portion 2 of the second structural member 30. 22 may be joined. In the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7(a), a second The end portion 22 of the load bearing portion 2 of the structural member 30 is joined. In the joint structure 10 , the first covering member 3 of the first structural member 20 has a second covering member 3 at the intersection (hereinafter also simply referred to as the intersection) between the first structural member 20 and the second structural member 30 . A hole is formed for passing the end portion 22 of the load support portion 2 of the second structural member 30, and the end portion 22 of the load support portion 2 of the second structural member 30 passes through the hole, It is joined to the side surfaces 2 a and 2 b of the load support portion 2 of the first structural member 20 .

Further, the axial end portion 52 of the embers layer 5 of the first structural member 20 is joined to the surface of the embers layer 5 of the second structural member 30 extending in the axial direction Z2. In the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the ends 52 of the embers layer 5 of the first structural member 20 are provided on the side surfaces 5c and 5d on both sides in the Y2 direction of the embers layer 5 of the second structural member 30, respectively. is joined.

According to the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the joints between the load-bearing portions 2 can be pillar joints, and the joints between the burning margin layers 5 can be beam joints. The second structural members 30, which are beams, can be made to appear to traverse. As described above, according to the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the end portions of the load supporting portion and the margin layer can be provided at different positions. Even in such a case, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat to reach the edge of the load-bearing part and the joint metal, and it is possible to determine the edge fit of the burning margin layer without depending on the joining method of the load-bearing part, which improves the appearance. Good appearance can be easy to choose.

In the joint structure 10, the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 cross the intersection as shown in FIG. 7(a). That is, at the intersection, the first covering member 3 of the second structural member 30 covers the side surfaces 2c and 2d of the load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20 in the Y1 direction. In the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the second covering member 7 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are attached to the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 at the intersection. A hole is formed for the member 8 to pass through.

The first covering member 3 and corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 do not have to cross the intersection as shown in FIG. 7(b). In the form shown in FIG. 7B, at the intersection, the second covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are attached to the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30. A hole for penetrating 8 is not formed. In the form shown in FIG. 7B, the ends 32 and 82 of the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 in the Z2 direction overlap the corner reinforcing member of the first structural member 20. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is in contact with the side surface 8a along the Z1 direction.

In addition, in the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8A, the one direction X1 of the first structural member 20 and the one direction X2 of the second structural member 30 are parallel to each other. There may be. In the form shown in FIG. 8( a ), the end portions 22 of the load supporting portion 2 of the second structural member 30 are provided on the side surfaces 2 c and 2 d on both sides in the Y1 direction of the load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20 . is joined. Moreover, in the form shown in FIG. 8A, the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 cross the intersection. In the form shown in FIG. 8( a ), at the intersection, the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 cover the side surfaces 2 a and 2 b on both sides of the load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20 in the X1 direction. are doing. In the form shown in FIG. 8A, the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are attached to the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 at the intersection. A hole is formed for the member 8 to pass through.

Even when the one direction X1 of the first structural member 20 and the one direction X2 of the second structural member 30 are parallel to each other, as shown in FIG. The first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 do not have to cross the intersection. In the form shown in FIG. 8B, the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are attached to the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 at the intersection. A hole for passing the member 8 is not formed. In the form shown in FIG. 8B, the ends 32 and 82 of the first covering member 3 of the second structural member 30 and the corner reinforcing member 8 in the Z2 direction are the first covering members of the first structural member 20, respectively. It is in contact with the end 33 of the member 3 in the Y1 direction and the end 83 of the corner reinforcing member 8 in the Y1 direction.

Next, a structural material bonding structure 10B (hereinafter also simply referred to as a bonding structure 10B) of a preferred second embodiment of the structural material bonding structure of the present invention will be described. Regarding the second embodiment, the points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The description of the first embodiment applies appropriately to points that are not particularly described.

FIG. 9 shows the junction structure 10B. In the joint structure 10B, the end portion 22 of the load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20 in the axial direction Z1 is joined to the side surface of the load supporting portion 2 of the second structural member 30 along the axial direction Z2. . The load supporting portion 2 of the second structural member 30 has four side surfaces along the Z1 direction, and any one of the four side surfaces has an end portion of the load supporting portion 2 of the first structural member 20. 22 may be joined. In the joint structure 10B of the second embodiment, the end portions 22 of the load support portion 2 of the second structural member 30 are joined to the side surfaces 2c and 2d on both sides of the second structural member 30 in the Y2 direction. .

Further, the axial end of the embers layer 5 of the first structural member 20 is joined to the surface of the embers layer 5 of the first structural member 20 extending in the axial direction Z1. In the joint structure 10B of the second embodiment, the edge 52 of the embers layer 5 of the second structural material 30 is joined to the outer side surface 5a in the X1 direction of each embers layer 5 of the first structural material 20. It is

According to the joint structure 10B of the second embodiment, beam beams can be formed at the intersections of the load supporting portions 2, and column beams can be formed at the intersections of the burnt margin layers 5, so that they are apparently columns. The first structural member 20 can appear to traverse the intersection. As described above, in the joint structure 10B of the second embodiment, as in the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, the joint structure 10B can provide the end portions of the load supporting portion and the embers layer at different positions. In the event of a fire, even if the burning progresses from the edge of the flaring layer, it is possible to make it difficult for the heat to reach the edge of the load-bearing part and the joint metal. This makes it possible to decide without depending on the joining method of the parts, and makes it easy to select an appearance excellent in aesthetics.

In the joint structure 10B, the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 cross the intersection as shown in FIG. 10(a). In the joint structure 10B of the second embodiment, the first covering member of the second structural member 30 is attached to the embers layer 5, the second covering member 7, and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 at the intersection. 3 and a hole for passing the corner reinforcing member 8 is formed.

Note that the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 do not have to cross the intersection as shown in FIG. 10(b). In the form shown in FIG. 10(b), at the intersection, the embers layer 5, the second covering member and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are covered with the first covering member 3 of the second structural member 30. And no hole for passing the corner reinforcing member 8 is formed. In the form shown in FIG. 10(b), the ends 32 and 82 of the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 in the Z2 direction overlap the embers layer 5 of the first structural member 20. is in contact with the side surface 5a along the Z1 direction.

In addition, in the joint structure 10 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11A, the one direction X1 of the first structural member 20 and the one direction X2 of the second structural member 30 are parallel to each other. There may be. In the form shown in FIG. 11( a ), the end portions 52 of the embers layer 5 of the second structural member 30 are attached to the side surfaces 5 c and 5 d on both sides in the Y1 direction of the embers layer 5 of the first structural member 20 . is joined. Moreover, in the form shown in FIG. 11(a), the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 cross the intersection. In the form shown in FIG. 11(a), the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are attached to the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 at the intersection. A hole is formed for the member 8 to pass through.

Note that even when the one direction X1 of the first structural member 20 and the one direction X2 of the second structural member 30 are parallel to each other, as shown in FIG. The first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 do not have to cross the intersection. In the form shown in FIG. 11(b), the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the first structural member 20 are attached to the first covering member 3 and the corner reinforcing member 8 of the second structural member 30 at the intersection. A hole for passing the member 8 is not formed. In the form shown in FIG. 11B, the ends 32 and 82 of the first covering member 3 of the second structural member 30 and the corner reinforcing member 8 in the Z2 direction are the first covering members of the first structural member 20, respectively. It is in contact with the end 33 of the member 3 in the Y1 direction and the end 83 of the corner reinforcing member 8 in the Y1 direction.

Although the present invention has been described above based on its preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.

For example, in the fireproof wooden structural members 1, 1B, and 1C of the first to third embodiments, the spacers 4 are intermittently arranged in the axial direction Z and Y direction of the load supporting portion 2, but the spacers 4 are It may be arranged continuously in one or both of the axial direction Z and Y direction of the load supporting portion 2 . For example, the spacer 4 may extend continuously in one or both of the axial directions Z and Y of the load supporting portion 2 .

In addition, in the joint structures 10 and 10B of the first and second embodiments, the X1 direction of the first structural member 20 and the X2 direction of the second structural member 30 are orthogonal to each other. The X1 direction of the material 20 and the X2 direction of the second structural material 30 may be parallel to each other.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 refractory wooden structural member 2 load-bearing part 2e one end of load-bearing part 3 first covering member 3a outer surface of first covering member 3e one end of first covering member 4 spacer 5 burnout layer 6 first covering member and burnout layer Gap between 7 Second covering member 71 Second covering member extension 8 Corner reinforcing member 81 Corner reinforcing member extension X One direction in the cross section of the fireproof wooden structure Y In the cross section of the fireproof wooden structure Orthogonal direction perpendicular to one direction Z Axial direction of refractory wooden structure

Claims (8)

a wooden load-bearing member; a non-combustible first covering member covering both sides of said load-bearing member in one direction of the cross-section; Fire-resistant wood having a wooden embers layer fixed via a spacer so as to have a gap therebetween, and a second covering member covering one side or both sides of the load-bearing part in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the one direction Structural material,
a noncombustible corner reinforcing member is disposed on the outer surface side of each first covering member on one or both sides having the second covering member in the orthogonal direction;
The corner reinforcing member is arranged in a state in which a part or the whole of the corner reinforcing member overlaps the outer surface of the first covering member, and in a state in which a part extends from one end of the load supporting portion in the orthogonal direction. fire-resistant wooden structural member, wherein the reinforcing member partially narrows the one-way length of the gap or partially eliminates the gap. 2. The fire resistant wooden structural member of claim 1, wherein a second shielding member is disposed between portions of said corner reinforcing member or first shielding member extending from one end of said load bearing portion in said orthogonal direction. . A portion of the corner reinforcing member extending from one end of the load supporting portion also extends from one end of the first covering member in the orthogonal direction,
The second covering member has a surface facing one end of the load supporting portion and one end of the first covering member in the orthogonal direction, and a surface facing the one end of the load supporting portion in the one direction, and a tip in the extending direction. 3. A fire resistant wooden structural member according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein a face has an extension of said corner reinforcing member and an opposing second covering member extension. The fireproof wooden structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second covering member is made of a material that is more resistant to heat shrinkage than the first covering member and the corner reinforcing member. The fireproof wooden structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first covering member and the corner reinforcing member are made of a material having higher water resistance than the second covering member. The embers arranged on both sides in the one direction are made of a material selected from the group consisting of cross-laminated timber (CLT), laminated lumber, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), plywood or lumber. The fireproof wooden structural material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The fire-resistant wooden structural member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein no plate member made of wood having a thickness of 25 mm or more is arranged on the outer surface side of the second covering member in the orthogonal direction. A structural member joint structure in which a first structural member that is a vertical member and a second structural member that is a horizontal member are joined in a cross shape,
The first structural member and the second structural member are fire-resistant wooden structural members according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
an axial end of the load-bearing portion of one of the first and second structural members is joined to an axial side surface of the load-bearing portion of the other structural member; A joining structure of structural members, wherein an axial end portion of the marginal layer of the one structural member is joined to an axially extending surface of the marginal layer of the other structural member.

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