JP7311428B2 - Rotary tool equipment and machine tools - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a rotary tool device and a machine tool having the rotary tool device.

Patent Literature 1 describes a machine tool having a rotary tool device for machining a workpiece with a rotary tool by rotating a tool shaft having a rotary tool attached to one end by power.

FIG. 1(a) is a partially enlarged perspective view of the tool post described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 1(b) is a diagram showing an engagement state of the tool shaft when the turret is in a rotatable position. FIG. 1(c) is a view showing the engagement state of the tool shaft when the turret is in the fixed position.

By moving the turret 960 in the direction in which the drive shaft 930 extends, the tool post 900 switches between a pivotable position where the turret 960 can pivot and a fixed position where the turret 960 is fixed.

When turret 960 is in the pivotable position, turret 960 rotates in response to rotation of turret pivot 962 by separating couplings 912 and 961 . Further, the tooth spaces of the gear 967 are engaged with and fixed to the projecting portion 953 that is the end portion of the locking member 952 . A gear 967 is rotatably arranged on the non-swivel member 940 via a bearing 964a and arranged at one end of the rotary tool shaft 964 . A rotary tool shaft 964 rotatably holds a rotary tool 990 . The locking member 952 is inserted into and fixed to a swivel plate 950 rotatably held by the non-swivel member 940 via a bearing 950a. Pivot plate 950 pivots with turret 960 as turret 960 pivots. Pivot plate 950 pivots with turret 960 so that rotary tool 990 connected to gear 967 is fixed relative to turret 960 while turret 960 pivots.

When turret 960 is in the locked position, turret 960 is secured to retaining member 911 by mating couplings 912 and 961 . Further, the gear 967 meshes with the gear 943 which is separated from the projecting portion 953 and which rotates according to the rotation of the drive shaft 930 . The gear 943 is arranged at one end of an intermediate drive shaft 942 rotatably arranged on the non-rotating member 940 via a bearing 942a. When turret 960 is in a fixed position, gear 967 meshes with gear 943 such that rotary tool 990 rotates via gear 967 and gear 943 as drive shaft 930 rotates.

Further, the gear 967 arranged at one end of the rotary tool shaft 966 which is not indexed is held by the projection 955 of the locking member 954 when the turret 960 is at either the pivotable position or the fixed position. fixed relative to

The machine tool described in Patent Document 1 has a simple structure and easily suppresses the rotation of the rotary tool shaft by inserting the protrusion 953 into the tooth groove of the gear 967 when the turret 960 is in the rotatable position. be able to.

Japanese Patent No. 5269632

However, in the tool post described in Patent Literature 1, when the turret 960 is in the pivotable position, the gear 967 is connected to the rotating tool that is engaged with and fixed to the protrusion 953, and the gear 967 is connected to the power source. A gear 943 is spaced apart. In the tool post described in Patent Document 1, since the fixed gear 967 and the gear 943 are arranged apart, it is not easy to keep the phase of the power source side and the phase relationship of the rotary tool constant. .

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a rotary tool device that can maintain a constant phase relationship between the phase of the drive shaft of the power source and the rotary shaft that rotates the rotary tool when the rotation of the rotary tool is stopped.

A rotary tool device according to an embodiment includes a power transmission mechanism that has a plurality of gears that are engaged with a power source and arranged in mesh with each other, and that transmits power from the power source, and a rotary tool that processes a workpiece. A rotary shaft is provided with a tool mounting portion that is detachably held and is rotated by power transmitted by the power transmission mechanism, and the power transmission mechanism is engaged with the power source when restricting rotation of the rotary shaft. and a locking member that locks any one of the plurality of gears in a state.

Further, in the rotary tool device according to the embodiment, the locking member is moved in the movement direction orthogonal to the axial direction in which the rotation shaft extends, so that it meshes with the tooth spaces of any one of the plurality of gears and rotates. It is preferable to restrict the rotation of the shaft.

Furthermore, in the rotary tool device according to the embodiment, it is preferable that the plurality of gears are arranged along the moving direction, and the locking member engages with the gear positioned at the end.

Further, in the rotary tool device according to the embodiment, the rotation restricting mechanism includes a cylinder including a piston extending in the axial direction and having a groove portion extending in a direction different from both the axial direction and the movement direction, and one end engaging the cylinder. and a connecting member fixed to the locking member and having the other end inserted into the groove, wherein the locking member preferably moves in the movement direction in accordance with the axial movement of the cylinder.

Further, the machine tool according to the embodiment includes a power transmission mechanism having a plurality of gears that are engaged with a power source and arranged to mesh with each other, a power transmission mechanism to which power is transmitted from the power source, and a rotary tool for machining a work. and a rotary shaft that rotates by power transmitted by the power transmission mechanism, and the power transmission mechanism is engaged with the power source when regulating the rotation of the rotary shaft. A rotary tool device having a locking member that locks any one of a plurality of gears in a state where the rotary tool is held, and control for outputting a rotation regulation command indicating that the rotation of the rotary shaft is to be regulated when the rotary tool is replaced. device.

A rotary tool device and a machine tool according to an embodiment can maintain a constant phase relationship between the phase of the power source and the rotary tool when the rotary tool stops rotating.

It is a figure which shows a prior art. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool according to a first embodiment; FIG. (a) is a front view of the rotary tool device shown in FIG. 2, and (b) is a rear view of the rotary tool device shown in FIG. (a) is a plan view of the rotary tool device shown in FIG. 2, and (b) is a bottom view of the rotary tool device shown in FIG. (a) is a left side view of the rotary tool device shown in FIG. 2, and (b) is a right side view of the rotary tool device shown in FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along the line AA' shown in FIG. 3B; FIG. (a) is a cross-sectional view along line EE' shown in FIG. 5(b), (b) is a partially enlarged view of the region indicated by arrow G in (a), and (c) is (a). 3(d) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB' shown in FIG. 3(b). FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF' shown in FIG. 5B; FIG. 5(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD' shown in FIG. 5(a); FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the machine tool shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a rotary tool changing process executed by the NC device shown in FIG. 10; FIG. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device before the process of S103 is executed, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the rotary tool device, and (b) is AA shown in (a). ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device after the processing of S103 is executed, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the rotary tool device, and (b) is AA shown in (a). ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device after the process of S104 is executed, where (a) is a sectional view and a partially enlarged sectional view of the rotary tool device, and (b) is AA shown in (a). ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device after the processing of S105 is executed, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the rotary tool device, and (b) is AA shown in (a). ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device after the process of S107 is executed, where (a) is a sectional view and a partially enlarged sectional view of the rotary tool device, and (b) is AA shown in (a). ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. FIG. 10A is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device after the process of S108 is executed, where (a) is a sectional view and a partially enlarged sectional view of the rotary tool device, and (b) is AA shown in (a). ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. FIG. 10A is a diagram showing the state of the rotary tool device after the process of S109 is executed, FIG. ' are a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line '. It is a perspective schematic diagram of the machine tool which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram of the machine tool shown in FIG. 19; Figure 21 is a partial side view of the machine tool shown in Figure 20 including a rotary tool unit and an automatic tool changer; 21 is a see-through perspective view of the automatic tool changer shown in FIG. 20; FIG. FIG. 21 is a functional block diagram of the automatic tool changer shown in FIG. 20; (a) is a perspective view of the rotary tool holding device shown in FIG. 22, (b) is a front view of the rotary tool holding device shown in FIG. 22, and (c) is a partial side view of the rotary tool holding device. , (d) is an enlarged view of the portion indicated by arrow A in (b). FIG. 24 is a flow chart of machining processing and rotary tool changing processing executed by the NC device shown in FIG. 23; FIG. FIG. 4A is a first perspective view, FIG. 4B is a side view, and FIG. Fig. 2 is a second perspective view; FIG. 10A is a first perspective view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. Fig. 2 is a second perspective view; FIG. 10A is a first perspective view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. Fig. 2 is a second perspective view; FIG. 10A is a first perspective view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. Fig. 2 is a second perspective view; FIG. 11 is a diagram (Part 1) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S208 is executed, (a) being a first perspective view, (b) being a side view; (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 2 is a diagram (part 2) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S208 is executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 3 is a diagram (part 3) showing the states of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S208 is executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 11 is a diagram (part 1) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S210 is executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 2 is a second view showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S210 is executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 11 is a diagram (Part 1) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S212 is executed, (a) is a first perspective view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 2 is a diagram (part 2) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the process of S212 is executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 11 is a diagram (part 1) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the processes of S214 and S215 are executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; and (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 10B is a diagram (part 2) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the processes of S214 and S215 are executed, wherein (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; and (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 11 is a diagram (part 3) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the processes of S214 and S215 are executed, where (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; and (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 12 is a diagram (part 4) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the processes of S214 and S215 are executed, (a) being a first perspective view and (b) being a side view; and (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 10 is a diagram (No. 5) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the processes of S214 and S215 are executed, (a) being a first perspective view and (b) being a side view; and (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 11 is a diagram (No. 6) showing the state of the rotary tool device and the automatic tool changer when the processes of S214 and S215 are executed, wherein (a) is a first perspective view and (b) is a side view; and (c) is a second perspective view. FIG. 10A is a first perspective view, FIG. 1B is a side view, and FIG. Fig. 2 is a second perspective view;

Hereinafter, a rotary tool device and a machine tool according to embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to those embodiments. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping descriptions are omitted. The scales and the like of the drawings are appropriately changed for explanation.

(Structure and Function of Rotary Tool Device and Machine Tool According to First Embodiment)
The configuration and function of the rotary tool device and machine tool according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 10. FIG. Also, in FIG. 10, air piping is indicated by dashed lines, and electrical wiring is indicated by one-dot chain lines.

The machine tool 100 has a front spindle portion 110 and a back spindle portion 130 facing each other in the left and right direction, and a tool rest 120 and a back tool holding portion 140 are provided in front and rear.

The right front main shaft portion 110 rotatably supports the front main shaft. The left back spindle portion 130 rotatably supports the back spindle. The front spindle and the back spindle integrally hold the workpiece via chucks. The rear-side tool rest 120 holds a tool for processing a workpiece held on the front spindle. The tool post 120 has a rotary tool device 1 that rotatably holds rotary tools including a first rotary tool 261 and a second rotary tool 262 . The backside tool holding part 140 on the front side holds a tool for processing the work held on the backside spindle. The machine tool 100 moves the front main spindle 110, the back main spindle 130, and the tool post 120 to machine the workpiece held on the front main spindle with the tool held on the tool post 120, thereby machining the work held on the back main spindle. can be machined by the tool held by the back tool holding part 140 . With respect to the machine tool 100, the Z direction is defined as the axial direction of the front main shaft and the back main shaft, the Y direction is defined as the vertical direction perpendicular to the Z direction, and the X direction is defined as the horizontal direction perpendicular to the Z direction and the Y direction. The configurations and functions of the front spindle portion 110, the rear spindle portion 130, and the rear tool holding portion 140 are conventionally known and will not be described in detail.

The rotary tool device 1 is rotatably supported by a rotary device 121 that supplies power to the rotary tool held in the rotary tool device 1 with the Y direction as the axis. The rotating device 1 is integrally attached to the XY table 122 . A turning motor 123 that supplies power for turning the rotary tool device 1 is provided in the rotating device 121 .

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the rotary tool device 1 houses a drive shaft 20, a first rotary shaft 21, a second rotary shaft 22 and a power transmission mechanism 23 in a housing 10. As shown in FIGS.

The drive shaft 20 is a shaft member extending in the X direction and rotatably supported by the housing 10 via bearings 103 . One end of the drive shaft 20 is connected via a bevel gear to a transmission member 104 (see FIG. 10) for transmitting power generated by a motor 161 (see FIG. 10) as a power source to the drive shaft 20. is connected to the power transmission mechanism 23 . Power of the motor 161 is transmitted to the power transmission mechanism 23 via the drive shaft 20 .

The first rotating shaft 21 is provided with a first tool mounting portion 21b at one end of a first shaft portion 21a, and is rotatably supported by the housing 10 via a bearing 103. As shown in FIG. The first shaft portion 21 a is a shaft member extending in the X direction, and the first tool mounting portion 21 b holds the first rotary tool 261 .

As shown in FIG. 7, the second rotating shaft 22 has a shaft portion 22a. The shaft portion 22a has a hollow that penetrates in the axial direction, and a tool holding portion 22b, an elastic member 22c, and a fixing member 22d are installed inside the hollow. The shaft portion 22a is provided with a tool mounting portion 22f at one end and protrudes into the cylinder chamber 265 at the other end. The shaft portion 22a holds the second rotary tool unit 263 by means of the tool mounting portion 22f. A second rotary tool 262 is detachably attached to the second rotary tool unit 263 . The second rotary tool unit 263 has a second rotary tool 262 protruding from one end and an anchor 264 protruding from the other end. The tool holding portion 22b is provided with an air hole 22e penetrating therethrough, engages with the anchor 264 at one end on the tool side, and engages with the fixing member 22d at the other end. An elastic member 22c is provided between the fixing member 22d and the shaft portion 22a so as to be fitted onto the tool holding portion 22b. The fixing member 22d is a member having two cylindrical portions with different diameters, and the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion with the larger diameter is in frictional contact with the inner surface of the shaft portion 22a.

A first air supply unit 11, a second air supply unit 12, a third air supply unit 13, a fourth air supply unit 14, a fifth air supply unit 15, and a sixth air supply unit 16 are provided on the side surface of the housing 10. is placed.

A piston 266 is accommodated in a cylinder chamber 265 , and the first air supply portion 11 communicates with the opposite side of the shaft portion 22 a across the piston 266 in the cylinder chamber 265 . The second air supply portion 12 communicates with the shaft portion 22 a side inside the cylinder chamber 265 . When air is supplied from the first air supply unit 11, the fixing member 22d moves in the X direction via the piston 266, thereby opening (unlocking) the second rotary tool unit 263. As shown in FIG. The elastic member 22c contracts according to the pressing force of the tool holding portion 22b and the fixing member 22d. Further, when air is supplied from the second air supply portion 12, the piston returns in the X direction, the fixing member 22d returns due to the elastic force of the elastic member 22c, and the second rotary tool unit 263 is engaged (locked). During the movement of the piston 266 due to the supply of air to the first air supply portion 11, the air supply path formed in the piston 266 communicates with the third air supply portion 13 and contacts the fixed member 22d to supply air. The passage communicates with the air hole 22e. When air is supplied from the third air supply section 13 while the second rotary tool unit 263 is open, the inside of the second rotating shaft 22 is blown by the air supplied through the inside of the air hole 22e. By doing so, chips and the like adhering to the tool mounting location are removed.

By supplying air from the sixth air supply portion 16 into the tool mounting portion 22f and detecting the air pressure inside the tool mounting portion 22f, the second rotary tool unit 263 is normally mounted on the tool mounting portion 22f. It may be configured to check that

As shown in FIG. 8, the power transmission mechanism 23 includes a first gear 23a, a second gear 23b that meshes with the first gear 23a, a third gear 23c that meshes with the second gear 23b, and a third gear. It has a fourth gear 23d that meshes with 23c. The first to fourth gears 23a to 23d are arranged along the Y direction. The first gear 23a is engaged with the drive shaft 20 via an engaging member 23e such as a key. The third gear 23c is engaged with the first rotating shaft 21 via an engaging member 23e. The fourth gear 23d is engaged with the second rotating shaft 22 via an engaging member 23e.

The first gear 23 a rotates as the engaged drive shaft 20 is rotated by the power from the motor 161 . The second gear 23b rotates as the first gear 23a rotates. The third gear 23c rotates as the second gear 23b rotates. As the third gear 23c rotates, the first rotating shaft 21 rotates, and as the first rotating shaft 21 rotates, the first rotary tool 261 rotates. The fourth gear 23d rotates as the third gear 23c rotates. As the fourth gear 23d rotates, the second rotating shaft 22 rotates, and as the second rotating shaft 22 rotates, the second rotary tool 262 rotates.

A piston 24a is inserted into a cylinder chamber 24f formed below the fourth gear 23d and extending in the X direction. The piston 24a is formed with a groove portion 24d extending in a direction crossing the X direction and the Y direction. The groove portion 24d is formed so as to incline downward toward the tip side of the tool.

A locking member 24b is slidably accommodated in an accommodation chamber formed directly below the fourth gear 23d and intersecting with the cylinder chamber 24f. The locking member 24b has a projecting locking portion 24e at its upper end and is inserted into the piston. A connecting member 24c having both ends inserted into the grooves 24d passes through the locking member 24b. The extending directions of the locking member 24b and the connecting member 24c are orthogonal to each other.

In the housing 10, a first cylinder pipe 24h is formed to connect the fourth air supply unit 14 to the tool side of the cylinder chamber 24f with the piston 24a interposed therebetween. A second cylinder pipe 24i that connects with the fifth air supply portion 15 is formed. When the air is supplied from the fourth air supply portion 14, the piston 24a moves in the cylinder chamber 24f toward the tool, and moves the locking member 24b toward the fourth gear 23d through the connecting member 24c. Further, when the piston 24a is supplied with air from the fifth air supply portion 15, the piston 24a moves in the cylinder chamber 24f to the side opposite to the tool, and separates the locking member 24b from the fourth gear 23d through the connecting member 24c. move in the direction

By positioning the rotational position of the fourth gear 23d so that the tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d and the locking portion 24e face each other, and moving the locking member 24b toward the fourth gear 23d, the locking portion 24e is can mesh with the tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d. The rotational position of the fourth gear 23d is fixed by engaging the engagement portion 24e with the tooth groove of the fourth gear 23d and engaging the engagement member 24b with the fourth gear 23d. By moving the locking member 24b away from the fourth gear 23d, the locking portion 24e engaged with the tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d can be separated from the tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d. By separating the engagement portion 24e from the tooth groove of the fourth gear 23d, the rotation of the fourth gear 23d is permitted.

As shown in FIG. 10, the machine tool 100 includes a motor 161 that rotates the drive shaft 20, an air supply device 170, an automatic tool changer 180, and an NC (Numerical Control) device 190, also called a control device. have more. The motor 161 rotates according to the power supplied from the power supply circuit, the rotating shaft 162 of the motor 161 rotates according to the rotation of the motor 161, and the power generated by the motor 161 is transmitted through the transmission member 104 and the drive shaft 20. It transmits to the power transmission mechanism 23 via. A phase detection sensor 163 is provided to detect the phase of the rotating shaft 162 of the motor 161 . The phase detection sensor 163 is composed of an encoder and outputs a phase signal indicating the phase of the rotating shaft 162 to the NC device 190 via the electrical wiring 105 .

The air supply device 170 has first to sixth air pipes 171 to 176 and a body portion 177 . The first air pipe 171 to the third air pipe 173 are connected to the first air supply section 11, the second air supply section 12 and the third air supply section 13, respectively. The fourth air pipe 174 to the sixth air pipe 176 are connected to the fourth air supply section 14, the fifth air supply section 15 and the sixth air supply section 16, respectively. The body portion 177 includes a compressor, an air valve, a control circuit, etc., and in response to an air control signal input from the NC device 190 via the electrical wiring 105, each of the first air pipe 171 to the sixth air pipe 176 is connected. Supply air.

The NC device 190 has an interface section 191 , a storage section 192 , an input section 193 , an output section 194 and a processing section 195 .

The interface unit 191 communicates with the motor 161, the phase detection sensor 163, the air supply device 170, the automatic tool changer 180 and the like via the electrical wiring 105. FIG. The storage unit 192 includes, for example, a semiconductor storage device, and stores programs, data, and the like used for processing in the processing unit 195 . For example, the storage unit 192 stores a rotary tool changing program or the like for causing the processing unit 195 to execute a rotary tool changing process for changing the second rotary tool unit 263 provided with the second rotary tool 262 by the automatic tool changer 180. Remember. The rotary tool changing program may be installed in the storage section 192 from a computer-readable portable recording medium such as a CD-ROM using a known setup program or the like.

The input unit 193 may be any device capable of inputting data, generates a signal corresponding to the operation by the operator, and supplies the generated signal to the processing unit 195 as the operator's instruction. The output unit 194 may be any device as long as it can display video, images, and the like, and displays video corresponding to the video data supplied from the processing unit 195 and images corresponding to the image data.

The processing unit 195 controls overall operations of the machine tool 100, and is, for example, a CPU. The processing unit 195 can execute a rotary tool changing process for exchanging the second rotary tool unit 263 based on the rotary tool changing program stored in the storage unit 192 .

The processing unit 195 includes a machining command unit 1950, a replacement command acquisition unit 1951, a stop command unit 1952, a tool lock command unit 1953, a tool change command unit 1954, a blow command unit 1955, and a stop release command unit 1956. have Each of these units is a functional module implemented by a rotary tool changing program executed by a processor included in the processing unit 195 . Alternatively, each of these units may be implemented in the NC device 190 as firmware. The machining command unit 1950 can execute various processes for machining the workpiece. The machining command unit 1950 can output a rotary tool replacement command indicating replacement of the second rotary tool unit 263 to the replacement command acquisition unit 1951 .

(Rotary tool change processing by NC device 190)
The rotary tool changing process by the NC unit 190 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 18. FIG. The rotary tool changing process shown in FIG. 11 is executed mainly by the processing section 195 in cooperation with each element of the NC device 190 based on a rotary tool changing program stored in the storage section 192 in advance.

First, the replacement command acquisition unit 1951 acquires a rotary tool replacement command from the machining command unit 1950 (S101). Next, the stop command unit 1952 outputs to the motor 161 a stop command indicating that the second rotating shaft 22 stops at a predetermined phase (S102), and the motor 161 operates the second rotating shaft in response to the input of the stop command. 22 is stopped at a predetermined phase. By stopping the rotating shaft 162 at a position where the phase of the second rotating shaft 22 becomes a predetermined phase, the predetermined tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d and the engaging portion 24e face each other. Next, the stop command section 1952 outputs a rotation restriction command indicating restriction of rotation of the second rotating shaft 22 to the air supply device 170 (S103).

As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the rotation restriction command is input in S103, the air supply device 170 supplies air to the fourth air supply section 14 via the fourth air pipe 174. As shown in FIGS. By supplying air to the fourth air supply portion 14, the locking member 24b is meshed with the tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d. Rotation of the drive shaft 20, the first rotating shaft 21, and the second rotating shaft 22 is restricted by the locking member 24b meshing with the tooth spaces of the fourth gear 23d.

Next, the tool lock command section 1953 outputs an open command to the air supply device 170 to open the second rotary tool unit 263 (S104).

As shown in FIG. 14 , in S<b>104 , the air supply device 170 supplies air to the first air supply section 11 through the first air pipe 171 . The second rotary tool unit 263 is opened by supplying air to the first air supply section 11 .

Next, the tool change command section 1954 outputs to the automatic tool changer 180 a pull command to pull out the second rotary tool unit 263 (S105).

In S105, the second rotating tool unit 263 held on the second rotating shaft 22 is pulled out from the second rotating shaft 22 by the automatic tool changer 180, as shown in FIG.

Next, the blow command unit 1955 outputs to the air supply device 170 a blow command indicating that the inside of the second rotary shaft 22 from which the second rotary tool unit 263 is removed be blown with the supplied air (S106). When the blow command is input in S<b>106 , the air supply device 170 supplies air to the third air supply section 13 via the third air pipe 173 . The air supplied from the third air supply portion 13 reaches the air hole 22e, and the inside of the second rotating shaft 22 is blown by the air.

Next, the tool change command section 1954 outputs an insertion command to the air supply device 170 to insert the second rotary tool unit 263' instead of the second rotary tool unit 263 (S107). The automatic tool changer 180 and the rotary tool device 1 cooperatively insert the second rotary tool unit 263' into the second rotary shaft 22 in response to the input of the insertion command.

In S107, as shown in FIG. 16, the second rotary tool unit 263' is inserted into the second rotating shaft 22 by the automatic tool changer 180, and the second rotary tool unit 263 is accommodated on the automatic tool changer 180 side. be done.

In general, the automatic tool changer holds the rotary tool unit at a predetermined phase. The rotary tool unit can be exchanged between the automatic tool changer 180 and the rotary tool device 1 by meshing the locking portion 24e with the tooth spaces of the gear 23d.

Next, the tool lock command section 1953 outputs a locking command to the air supply device 170 to lock the second rotary tool unit 263' (S108).

As shown in FIG. 17, when a tool lock command is input in S108, the tool lock command section 1953 supplies air to the second air supply section 12 through the second air pipe 172. As shown in FIG. When air is supplied to the second air supply portion 12, the second rotary tool unit 263' is locked. As a result, the second rotary tool 262 is replaced with a second rotary tool 262' different from the second rotary tool 262.

Then, the stop release command section 1956 outputs a rotation restriction release command to the air supply device 170 to make the second rotating shaft 22 rotatable (S109).

As shown in FIG. 18 , when a rotation regulation release command is input in S109 , the air supply device 170 supplies air to the fifth air supply section 15 via the fifth air pipe 175 . By supplying air to the fifth air supply portion 15, the drive shaft 20, the first rotating shaft 21, and the second rotating shaft 22 become rotatable.

(Effects of rotary tool device and machine tool according to first embodiment)
The rotary tool device 1 restricts the rotation of the second rotating shaft 22 while the power transmission mechanism 23 is engaged with the rotating shaft 162 of the motor 161. Therefore, while the rotation of the second rotating shaft 22 is restricted, The phase relationship between the rotating shaft 162 of the motor 161 and the second rotating shaft 22 is maintained.

Further, in the rotary tool device 1, the gear of the power transmission mechanism 23 is locked by the locking member 24b of the rotation restricting mechanism 24 having the piston 24a, the locking member 24b, and the connecting member 24c. The rotary tool device 1 has a simple structure in which the locking member 24b meshes with the tooth groove of the gear of the power transmission mechanism 23 to restrict the rotation of the second rotary shaft 22, thereby ensuring the rotation of the second rotary shaft 22. can be regulated.

Further, in the rotary tool device 1, the gears of the power transmission mechanism 23 are arranged along the movement direction of the locking member 24b, and the locking member 24b engages with the gear positioned at the end, so that the rotation restricting mechanism 24 is It is miniaturized, and the size of the rotary tool device 1 can be reduced.

Further, in the rotary tool device 1, the locking member 24b moves in the moving direction orthogonal to the axial direction in accordance with the movement of the piston 24a in the axial direction of the second rotating shaft 22, whereby the power transmission mechanism 23 is rotated. Since the gear positioned at the end is locked, the sizes of the rotation restricting mechanism 24 and the rotary tool device 1 can be further reduced.

(Structure and Function of Rotary Tool Device and Machine Tool According to Second Embodiment)
The configuration and functions of a rotary tool device and a machine tool according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 19 to 24. FIG. In FIG. 19, each of the X, Y and Z directions is indicated by orthogonal arrows. In FIG. 20, air piping is indicated by dashed lines, and electrical wiring is indicated by dashed lines. 21 and 22, the X direction, Y direction and Z direction respectively correspond to the X direction, Y direction and Z direction shown in FIG.

The machine tool 200 differs from the machine tool 100 in having an automatic tool changer 280 and an NC device 290 instead of the automatic tool changer 180 and the NC device 190 . The configurations and functions of the constituent elements of the machine tool 200 other than the automatic tool changer 280 and the NC device 290 are the same as the configurations and functions of the constituent elements of the machine tool 100 denoted by the same reference numerals, so detailed description thereof is omitted here. do.

As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 , the automatic tool changer 280 is arranged behind the rotary tool device 1 in the machine tool 200 .

The automatic tool changer 280 has a housing 286, and the housing 286 is supported by a frame 2800 so as to be movable back and forth in the X direction. A rotary tool holding device 281 and a rotary tool extracting/inserting device 282 are accommodated in the housing 286 . The rotary tool holding device 281 is driven by a holding device driving device 283 . The rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 is driven by an insertion/extraction device driving device 284 . The holding device driving device 283 and the insertion device driving device 284 are powered by a power supply device 285 . When replacing the second rotary tool units 263a to 263j housed in the automatic tool changer 280 in the rotary tool device 1, the housing 286 carries out and removes the second rotary tool units 263a to 263j. A shutter 2860 is provided that opens and closes for loading.

As shown in FIG. 24 , the rotary tool holding device 281 includes a circular first holding plate 2810 , a first holding rotary shaft 2811 , a second holding rotary shaft 2812 , a shaft connecting portion 2813 , and a holding bottom plate portion 2814 . , a second holding plate 2815 and a magazine 2816 . The first holding rotary shaft 2811 and the second holding rotary shaft 2812 are connected via a shaft connecting portion 2813 . The first holding rotary shaft 2811 is rotatably supported by the holding bottom plate portion 2814 via the first holding plate 2810 . The second holding rotary shaft 2812 is rotatably supported by the second holding plate 2815 via the second holding plate 2815 . The first holding rotary shaft 2811 and the second holding rotary shaft 2812 are rotationally driven according to power transmitted from the holding device driving device 283 .

The magazine 2816 has a magazine base 2816a and a tenon member 2816b. The magazine base member 2816a is a circular member that is integrally fixed to the end of the second holding rotary shaft 2812, and recesses that hold the second rotary tool units 263a to 263j are formed along the outer edge. The tenon member 2816b is a substantially circular member having a tenon 2616e formed on its outer edge, and is integrally fixed to the end surface of the magazine base member 2816a. Each of the second rotary tool units 263a to 263j is held in the recess with the groove 2630 engaged with the tenon 2616e.

A fixed fastener 2816d made of an elastic member having one end fixed to the magazine base member 2816a is provided in the recess, and each fixed fastener 2816d presses each of the second rotary tool units 263a to 263j in the recess. . Each of the second rotary tool units 263a-263j is resiliently retained within the recess by a securing fastener 2816d.

The rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 has an insertion/extraction base portion 2820 , a first arm portion 2821 and a second arm portion 2822 . The slide base 2820 is provided so as to be movable in the X direction and the Y direction by the slide device driving device 284 . The first arm portion 2821 and the second arm portion 2822 are a pair of arms extending from the slide base portion 2820 toward the rotary tool device 1, and move toward each other to form the second rotary tool unit. 263 are clamped and moved away from each other to release the clamping of the second rotary tool unit 263 .

The holding device driving device 283 has a motor or the like, moves the housing 286 in the X direction together with the rotary tool holding device 281 and the rotary tool inserting/inserting device 282, and rotates the first holding rotary shaft 2811 and the second holding rotary shaft 2812. Rotation causes the magazine 2816 to rotate. The insertion/extraction device driving device 284 has a motor or the like, and moves the rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 in the X direction and the Y direction.

The NC device 290 differs from the NC device 190 in having a processing section 295 instead of the processing section 195 . The processing unit 295 includes a machining command unit 2950, a replacement command acquisition unit 2951, a stop command unit 2952, a tool lock command unit 2953, a tool change command unit 2954, a blow command unit 2955, and a stop release command unit 2956. have Each of these units is a functional module implemented by a machining program and a rotary tool changing program executed by a processor included in the processing unit 295 . Alternatively, each of these units may be implemented in the NC device 290 as firmware.

(Processing by NC device 290 and rotary tool change processing)
The rotary tool changing process by the NC unit 290 will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 43. FIG. The rotary tool changing process shown in FIG. 25 is executed mainly by the processing unit 295 in cooperation with each element of the NC unit 290 based on a machining program and a rotary tool changing program pre-stored in the storage unit 292. .

First, the machining command unit 2950 outputs a machining position movement command to the XY table 122 (S201) to move the tool post 120 arranged at the initial position shown in FIG. 26 to the machining start position shown in FIG. .

Next, the machining command unit 2950 outputs a machining command indicating to carry out machining to the motor 161 and the XY table 122 (S202). The workpiece is machined by 12X, and then the workpiece is machined by a rotary tool rotatably mounted on the XY table 122 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 29, the workpiece is machined by the first rotary tool 261 or the second rotary tool 262 of the rotary tool device 1 according to the machining command, and the second rotary tool unit 263 of the rotary tool device 1 is used in the next process. When replacing, the tool change command section 2954 outputs a standby position movement command to the holding device driving device 283 to move the housing 286 of the automatic tool changer 280 to the standby position (S203). In response to the input of the standby position movement command, the holding device driving device 283 moves the housing 286 to the standby position as shown in FIG. .

Next, the machining command unit 2950 outputs a rotary tool replacement command indicating replacement of the second rotary tool unit 263 to the replacement command acquisition unit 2951 (S204). A tool change command is acquired (S205). After finishing the machining by the second rotary tool 262, the stop command section 2952 outputs a motor stop command to the motor 161 (S206) and outputs a rotation regulation command to the air supply device 170 (S207).

Next, the tool change command section 2954 rotates the rotary tool device 1 in the B-axis direction and sends a tool change position movement command to the XY table 122 and turning motor to move the rotary tool device 1 to a predetermined tool change position. 123 (S208).

In S208, as shown in FIGS. 30 to 32, first, the turning motor 123 turns the rotary tool device 1 counterclockwise by 90° B when viewed from above in the Y-axis direction. Next, the XY table 122 moves so as to bring the rotary tool device 1 closer to the housing 286 in the X direction, as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 32, the turning motor 123 turns the rotary tool device 1 further counterclockwise by 90° on the B axis, and the XY table 122 moves the second rotary tool unit 263 and the rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 together. The rotary tool device 1 is moved so that the second rotary tool unit 263 and the first arm portion 2821 and the second arm portion 2822 are at the same height. At this time, in the rotary tool device 1 , the gear of the power transmission mechanism 23 is locked by the locking member 24 b of the rotation restricting mechanism 24 .

Next, the tool lock command section 2953 outputs an open command to the air supply device 170 to open the second rotary tool unit 263 (S209). The second rotary tool unit 263 is opened by the air supply device 170 executing a process similar to the process of S103. Next, the tool change command section 2954 outputs a pull-out command for pulling out the second rotary tool unit 263 to the automatic tool changer 180 and the XY table 122 (S210).

In S210, as shown in FIG. 33, the shutter 2860 is first opened, and the automatic tool changer 280 inserts the second rotary tool unit 263 between the first arm 2821 and the second arm 2822. , and the second rotary tool unit 263 is sandwiched between the first arm portion 2821 and the second arm portion 2822 . Next, as shown in FIG. 34, the rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 moves in the X direction with respect to the housing 286, and the second rotary tool unit 263 clamped by the first arm portion 2821 and the second arm portion 2822 is moved. is pulled out from the rotary tool device 1.

Next, the blow command section 2955 outputs to the air supply device 170 a blow command to blow the inside of the second rotary shaft 22 from which the second rotary tool unit 263 has been removed (S211). Next, the tool change command section 2954 outputs an insertion command to the air supply device 170 and the holding device driving device 283 to insert the second rotary tool unit 263c instead of the second rotary tool unit 263 (S212).

In S212, first, the magazine 2816 rotates so that the second rotary tool unit 263c (corresponding to the second rotary tool unit 263') is arranged at the top of the magazine 2816, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the XY table 122 moves the rotary tool device 1 in the Y direction so that the height of the second rotary shaft 22 matches the height of the axis of the second rotary tool unit 263c arranged at the top of the magazine 2816. . Next, as shown in FIG. 36, the XY table 122 moves the rotary tool device 1 in the X direction to insert the second rotary tool unit 263c into the second rotating shaft 22. As shown in FIG.

Next, the tool lock command section 2953 outputs a locking command to the air supply device 170 to lock the second rotary tool unit 263c (S213). At this time, in the rotary tool device 1, the second rotary tool unit 263c is held, and the engagement of the gear of the power transmission mechanism 23 by the engagement member 24b of the rotation restricting mechanism 24 is released. Next, the tool change command section 2954 outputs an initial position movement command to move the rotary tool device 1 to the initial position to the XY table 122 and turning motor 123 (S214). Next, the tool change command section 2954 outputs a tool storage command to the automatic tool changer 280 to store the second rotary tool unit 263 in the magazine 2816 (S215).

In S214, first, as shown in FIG. 37, the XY table 122 moves the rotary tool device 1 in the Y direction to move the second rotary tool unit 263c from the magazine 2816 against the biasing force of the fixing fastener 2816d. and pull it upward. Next, as shown in FIG. 38, the automatic tool changer 280 and the tool post 120 move away from each other in the X direction to move the second rotary tool unit 263c away from the automatic tool changer 280, and the shutter 2860 closes. Next, as shown in FIGS. 39 and 40, the rotation motor 123 rotates the rotary tool device 1 in the Y-axis direction by 90° clockwise when viewed from the upper surface. in the X direction toward the front principal axis. Then, as shown in FIG. 41, the turning motor 123 further turns the rotary tool device 1 clockwise by 90° on the B axis, and causes the rotary tool device 1 to stand by at the initial position.

On the other hand, in S215, first, as shown in FIG. 39, the rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 moves in the X direction so that the groove portion 2630 of the second rotary tool unit 263 faces the tenon 2616e. Due to the motor stop command in S206, the second rotary tool unit 263 is stopped at a phase in which the groove portion 2630 faces the tenon 2616e. Next, as shown in FIG. 40, the rotary tool insertion/extraction device 282 moves in the Y direction to engage the tenon 2616e with the groove 2630 of the second rotary tool unit 263, thereby moving the second rotary tool unit 263 into the magazine. Mounted on top of 2816. Then, as shown in FIG. 41 , the rotary tool inserter/insert device 282 moves in the Y direction and leaves the top of the magazine 2816 . Then, as shown in FIG. 42, the rotary tool device 1 moves in the X direction and processes the workpiece by the replaced second rotary tool unit 263c. After finishing the machining by the second rotary tool unit 263c, as shown in FIG. 43, the XY table 122 is moved to cut through the finished workpiece.

(Action and effect of rotary tool device and machine tool according to second embodiment)
In the machine tool 200, between the automatic tool changer 280 and the rotary tool device 1, the groove portion 2630 of the second rotary tool unit 263 is aligned in the ±Y direction, that is, in the vertical direction, and is aligned with the tenon 2616e of the magazine 2816. Since the second rotary tool unit 263 stops, the tenon 2616e of the magazine 2816 of the automatic tool changer 280 and the groove 2630 of the second rotary tool unit 263 can be easily engaged.

In addition, since the machine tool 200 exchanges tools by moving both the rotary tool device 1 and the automatic tool changer 280 toward each other, the space required for tool exchange can be reduced.

In addition, since the machine tool 200 exchanges the second rotary tool unit 263 via the rotary tool insertion/removal device 282 movably arranged inside the automatic tool changer 280, the automatic tool changer 280 can be made compact. be able to. Furthermore, since the automatic tool changer 280 of the machine tool 200 can be made compact, the automatic tool changer 280 can be easily mounted on the machine tool 200 .

Claims (5)

A rotary tool device mounted on a machine tool,
a power transmission mechanism having a plurality of gears that are engaged with a motor and arranged to mesh with each other, and to which power is transmitted from the motor;
a rotary shaft provided with a tool mounting portion for detachably holding a rotary tool for processing a workpiece and rotated by power transmitted by the power transmission mechanism;
a locking member that locks any one of the plurality of gears when the power transmission mechanism is engaged with the motor when the rotation of the rotating shaft is restricted ;
A rotary tool device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation of the rotary shaft is restricted when the rotary tool is replaced . The locking member moves in a moving direction orthogonal to the axial direction in which the rotating shaft extends, thereby meshing with the tooth groove of any one of the plurality of gears to restrict the rotation of the rotating shaft. A rotary tool device according to claim 1. The plurality of gears are arranged along the moving direction,
3. A rotary tool apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said locking member engages a gear located at an end. a cylinder having a piston extending in the axial direction and having a groove extending in a direction different from the axial direction and the moving direction; one end fixed to the locking member and the other end to the groove and an interposed connecting member;
4. The rotary tool device according to claim 2, wherein said locking member moves in said movement direction in accordance with movement of said piston in said axial direction. a motor that outputs power;
A power transmission mechanism having a plurality of gears which are engaged with a motor and arranged to mesh with each other, and which transmits power from the motor; and a rotary shaft rotated by power transmitted by the power transmission mechanism; and the plurality of gears while the power transmission mechanism is engaged with the motor when the rotation of the rotary shaft is restricted. a rotary tool device having a locking member that locks any of
a control device that outputs a rotation regulation command indicating that the rotation of the rotary shaft is to be regulated when the rotary tool is replaced;
A machine tool characterized by having

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