JP7330792B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to machine tools.

Conventionally, a spindle having a chuck that can freely open and close a workpiece, a switching unit that switches opening and closing of the chuck by moving along the axis of the spindle, and a control unit that controls the operation of the switching unit. A machine tool is known in which the control unit processes the workpiece while controlling the opening and closing of the chuck via the switching unit based on a machining program stored in advance (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

JP 2017-7058 A

The machining operation of the machine tool based on the machining program includes idling operation for checking the operation and suppressing thermal displacement during machining, in addition to the actual machining of the workpiece. This idling operation can be performed without the workpiece being gripped by the chuck so as not to actually machine the workpiece.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool capable of controlling the opening and closing of a chuck independently of commands from a machining program when carrying out a machining operation based on the machining program.

In order to achieve the object, the machine tool of the present invention includes a main spindle having a chuck that can open and close a workpiece, a switching unit that switches opening and closing of the chuck by moving along the axis of the main spindle, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the switching unit, wherein the control unit executes the machining operation of the workpiece while controlling the opening and closing of the chuck via the switching unit based on a pre-stored machining program. and the control unit includes a chuck open execution instructing unit that sequentially executes each program line of the machining program while not executing a program line of a close command for switching the chuck to close.

The machine tool of the present invention configured as described above can execute a machining program with the open/closed state of the chuck as a state different from the command of the machining program.

1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a machine tool of Example 1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the main shaft in the open state of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the main shaft in the closed state of Example 1; 2 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the machine tool of Example 1; FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of machining processing by the control unit of the machine tool of Example 1. FIG.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment which implement|achieves the machine tool by this invention is described based on Example 1 shown in drawing.

As shown in FIG. 1, a machine tool 1 includes a device main body 2 for machining a predetermined workpiece, and an input unit 5 such as buttons for inputting operation instructions by an operator.

The device body 2 is covered with a body cover 3 . A body cover 3 is provided with an openable door body 4. - 特許庁A space surrounded by the body cover 3 and the door 4 is configured as a processing chamber. The machining chamber is equipped with a spindle 10 shown in FIGS.

The spindle 10 is supported by a headstock 11 so as to be rotatable about an axis C. As shown in FIG. A built-in motor 12 is provided between the headstock 11 and the spindle 10 . A main shaft 10 is rotationally driven by a built-in motor 12 .

The spindle 10 is arranged such that a chuck sleeve 22 having a tapered inner peripheral surface formed at the tip thereof is inserted into a cylindrical spindle main body 15 so as to be movable forward and backward along the axis C of the spindle 10 . be done. A collet chuck 21 is accommodated in the chuck sleeve 22 . The collet chuck 21 has a tapered outer peripheral surface at the tip.

A compression spring 24 is provided between the collet chuck 21 and the chuck sleeve 22 . The collet chuck 21 abuts against a cap 25 provided at the front end F of the main shaft 10 by the biasing force of the compression spring 24, and is positioned in the longitudinal direction (axial direction). A chuck operating sleeve 23 is inserted to the rear R of the chuck sleeve 22 inside the main shaft body 15 so as to be movable forward and backward along the axis C of the main shaft 10 as a switching portion for switching between opening and closing of the collet chuck. When the collet chuck 21 is positioned, the chuck operating sleeve 23 contacts the chuck sleeve 22 and is biased backward R by the biasing force of the compression spring 24 .

As the chuck sleeve 22 advances and retreats, the state of pressure between the taper of the inner peripheral surface of the chuck sleeve 22 and the taper of the outer peripheral surface of the collet chuck 21 and the state of releasing the pressure can be changed into an open state and a closed state. can be switched. The forward/backward movement of the chuck sleeve 22 is driven by swinging claws for opening/closing the chuck or by a piston, which are conventionally known.

The spindle 10 can grip the work W by closing the collet chuck 21 while the work W is inserted into the collet chuck 21 . By opening the collet chuck 21 that holds the work W, the work W can be released. A driving mechanism (chuck opening/closing driving mechanism) for advancing and retracting the chuck sleeve 22, which consists of chuck opening/closing claws and a piston, is conventionally known, and detailed description and illustration thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the machine tool 1 includes a control section 40 that controls the operation of the machine tool 1 in association with the input section 5 . The control unit 40 includes a storage unit 41 , a chuck opening execution instructing unit 42 , and a forced termination instructing unit 43 .

The storage unit 41 stores a machining program 41a for the machine tool 1 in advance. The machining program 41a is a program including commands for machining the workpiece W and the like.

Based on the machining program 41a, the control unit 40 controls the rotation and movement of the spindle 10, the opening and closing of the collet chuck 21 by driving the chuck opening/closing drive mechanism 38, the operation and movement of the tools arranged in the machining chamber, and the like. It controls the operation of the machine tool 1 necessary for machining. The machine tool 1 can machine the work W by the machining operation based on the machining program 41 a by the control unit 40 while the work W is gripped by the main spindle 10 via the collet chuck 21 .

The machine tool 1 has a warm-up operation mode. In this warm-up operation mode, the control unit 40 performs idling operation for suppressing thermal displacement during machining based on the machining program 41a.

With the collet chuck 21 open, the control unit 40 sequentially executes each program line (program block) of the machining program 41a up to a close command instructing the collet chuck 21 to close. When the control unit 40 reads the program block of the close command, it skips the close command so as not to execute it, sets the close command to non-execution, and continuously executes the subsequent program lines sequentially. Prepare.

As shown in FIG. 5, the controller 40 determines whether or not there is an input to turn on the warm-up mode (step S101). If there is an ON input for the warm-up operation mode (YES in step S101), the process proceeds to step S102. On the other hand, if there is no ON input for the warm-up operation mode (NO in step S101), the process proceeds to step S111.

Next, the controller 40 determines whether the collet chuck 21 is open and whether the work W is not supplied (step S102). If it is determined that the collet chuck 21 is open and the work W is not being supplied (YES in step S102), the process proceeds to step S103. On the other hand, if it is determined that the collet chuck 21 is closed or the workpiece W is being supplied (NO in step S102), the process returns to step S102.

Next, starting the warm-up operation, the controller 40 executes each program line with the collet chuck 21 open based on the machining program 41a (step S103).

Next, the controller 40 determines whether or not it has received a command to close the collet chuck 21 (step S104). If it is determined that the closing command for the collet chuck 21 has been received (YES in step S104), the process proceeds to step S105. On the other hand, if it is determined that the command to close the collet chuck 21 has not been received (NO in step S104), the process returns to step S103.

Next, the control unit 40 causes the chuck open execution instructing unit 42 to skip the close command (step S105). Next, the control unit 40 executes each program line while the collet chuck 21 is open based on the machining program 41a (step S106).

As a result, in the warm-up mode, the machine tool 1 does not actually machine the workpiece W while the collet chuck 21 remains open based on the machining program 41a regardless of the close command in the machining program 41a. Normal machining operations such as rotation of the spindle 10 and movement of the spindle 10 in the front-rear direction are performed.

Next, the control unit 40 determines whether or not a predetermined period of time has elapsed, or whether or not one cycle of the machining program 41a has been executed (step S107). When it is determined that the predetermined time has elapsed or one cycle of the machining program 41a has been executed (YES in step S107), the execution of the machining program in the warm-up mode ends (step S109). On the other hand, if it is determined that the predetermined time has not elapsed or the machining program 41a has not been executed for one cycle (NO in step S107), the forced termination instruction unit 43 determines whether or not the forced termination instruction has been received. If it is determined (step S108) that an instruction for forced termination has been received (YES in step S108), the process proceeds to step S109. On the other hand, if it is determined that the forced termination instruction has not been received (NO in step S108), the process returns to step S106 to continue execution of the machining program in the warm-up operation mode.

As a result, when the machining program 41a or the number of machining is set when executing the machining program 41a, it is possible to prevent the machining operation for the set number of machining from being executed in the warm-up operation mode. Then, one cycle of the machining program 41a continues, and the machining operation in the warm-up operation mode of the machine tool 1 does not continue unnecessarily. , the execution of the machining program 41a in the warm-up mode can be stopped or ended.

Next, when the workpiece W is gripped by the collet chuck 21 and the machining program is executed after finishing the execution of the machining program in the warm-up operation mode, the control unit 40 causes the input unit 5 to input warm-up operation mode OFF. It is determined whether or not the warm-up operation mode is canceled due to an input of cancellation of the warm-up operation mode ON input or the like (step S110).

If it is determined that the warm-up operation mode is canceled (YES in step S110), the process proceeds to step S111. On the other hand, if it is determined that the warm-up mode is not canceled (NO in step S110), the process returns to step S103.

Next, when machining is started in the warm-up operation mode canceled state, the control unit 40 starts reading the machining program 41a, sequentially executes the program blocks without skipping the program block of the closing command, and the machine tool 1 performs normal operation based on the machining program 41a, and sequentially processes the workpiece W while gripping the workpiece W with the collet chuck 21 (step S111).

Next, the control unit 40 determines whether or not the machining of the workpiece W is finished (step S112). If it is determined that the machining of the workpiece W has not ended (NO in step S112), the process returns to step S112. On the other hand, when determining that the machining of the workpiece W is finished (YES in step S112), the control unit 40 ends the normal operation (step S113) and finishes the machining process of the machine tool 1.

When the machining program 41a is executed in the warm-up operation mode, an auxiliary control necessary for the machining operation of the machine tool 1, such as driving a work conveying device for conveying the work W, supplying cutting oil, etc., is commanded. It may be configured so as not to be executed by skipping or the like. In addition, the collet chuck 21 can be manually opened in the warm-up mode, but it may be configured to be automatically switched to the open state. When the warm-up mode is executed with the collet chuck 21 closed, a warning may be issued or the collet chuck 21 may be automatically switched to the open state.

In Example 1 and Example 2, examples were shown in which the execution time of the warm-up operation was set to a predetermined time. However, the execution time of the warm-up operation can also be set to the time input by the input unit.

1 machine tool 10 spindle 11 headstock 21 collet chuck (an example of chuck)
23 Chuck operation sleeve (an example of a switching part)
40 control unit 41a machining program C axis W work

Claims (3)

a spindle having a chuck that can open and close a workpiece,
a switching unit that switches opening and closing of the chuck by moving along the axis of the spindle;
A control unit that controls the operation of the switching unit,
The control unit includes a chuck open execution instruction unit that performs warm-up operation,
During warm-up, the chuck opening execution instructing unit causes the workpiece to be processed while controlling opening and closing of the chuck via the switching unit based on a pre-stored processing program , and
When a program line of a close command for switching the chuck to close is read during execution of the machining operation of the workpiece , the program line of the close command is not executed , and the program lines following the program line of the close command are sequentially executed. A machine tool characterized by: A drive mechanism for driving the switching unit is provided,
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the control section controls the operation of the switching section via the drive mechanism. 3. The machine tool of claim 2, wherein said drive mechanism comprises a piston.