JP7345992B2 - power supply system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system.

In recent years, V2H (Vehicle to Home) systems have been provided that utilize EVs (Electric Vehicles) and PHVs (Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles) as home power sources.

In a V2H system, for example, during a power outage of grid power (electricity from an electric power company), power can be supplied to a house from a battery installed in an EV or PHV. With a PHV, even if the remaining charge of the battery is low, the engine can be started and the generator will generate electricity, allowing the house to be supplied with electricity for a longer period of time. Furthermore, in a house where a solar power generation system is installed, the power generated by the solar power generation system can be charged into a residential storage battery, and the battery of an EV or PHV can be charged with the electric power from the residential storage battery.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-5341

In a PHV, when the power supplied to a house is generated by a generator, when the house needs electricity, the engine is started and the generator generates electricity, and when the house no longer needs electricity, the generator is turned off. Power generation and engine will be stopped. Therefore, the engine may repeatedly start and stop while the PHV is parked in a residential parking lot.

When an engine is started and stopped repeatedly, the catalyst for exhaust gas purification cools while the engine is stopped, and the purification effect of the catalyst is not fully exerted when the engine is started, resulting in unpurified exhaust gas being released into the atmosphere. There is a risk that it will be released and cause discomfort to people around you or have a negative impact on the surrounding environment.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can suppress unpurified exhaust gas from being released into the atmosphere even if the engine is repeatedly started and stopped.

In order to achieve the above object, the power supply system according to the present invention is interposed between a vehicle equipped with an engine and a generator that generates electricity using the power of the engine, and load equipment, and performs charging/discharging operations for the vehicle and the load equipment. A stationary charging/discharging device that performs this process, an external catalyst that is installed separately from the on-vehicle catalyst for purifying exhaust gas that is installed in the vehicle, and that purifies the exhaust gas that is emitted from the engine and released to the outside of the vehicle, and a stationary charging/discharging device that It includes a warm-up device that is driven by electric power supplied from the device and warms up the catalyst outside the vehicle.

According to this configuration, the vehicle is equipped with an engine and a generator that generates electricity using the power of the engine. A stationary charging/discharging device is interposed between the vehicle and the load equipment, and the stationary charging/discharging device charges and discharges the vehicle and the load equipment.

In addition to an on-vehicle catalyst installed in a vehicle for purifying exhaust gas, an external catalyst is provided to purify exhaust gas emitted from the vehicle to the outside. Additionally, a warm-up device is provided to warm up the external catalyst. Therefore, by warming up the external catalyst using the warm-up device when starting the engine, the exhaust gas that could not be purified because the on-board catalyst was cold can be purified by the external catalyst. Therefore, even if the engine is repeatedly started and stopped, unpurified exhaust gas can be prevented from being released into the atmosphere.

Further, the warm-up device is driven by electric power supplied from the stationary charging/discharging device. Therefore, even if there is a power outage in the grid, the stationary charging/discharging device can supply driving power to the warm-up device, and the warm-up device can warm up the external catalyst. Therefore, even during a power outage, exhaust gas that could not be purified because the on-vehicle catalyst was cold can be purified by the external catalyst, and unpurified exhaust gas can be prevented from being released into the atmosphere.

The external catalyst and warm-up device may be built into a stationary charging/discharging device.

This eliminates the need to secure space for separately installing the stationary charging/discharging device, the external catalyst, and the warm-up device.

Further, the stationary charging/discharging device may include a storage battery that stores power.

Thereby, the battery mounted on the vehicle can be charged with the electric power stored in the storage battery.

Focusing on the fact that the warm-up device that warms up the catalyst is driven by electric power supplied from a stationary charging/discharging device, the catalyst to be warmed up by the warm-up device is an external catalyst installed separately from the in-vehicle catalyst. The present invention is not limited to this, and may be an on-vehicle catalyst mounted on a vehicle. In that case, the power supply system includes a stationary charging/discharging device that is interposed between a vehicle equipped with an engine and a generator that generates electricity using the power of the engine and the load equipment, and performs charging/discharging operations for the vehicle and the load equipment; The configuration may include a catalyst that purifies exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and a warm-up device that is driven by electric power supplied from a stationary charging/discharging device and warms up the catalyst. However, in order to warm up the in-vehicle catalyst using a warm-up device, it is necessary to add warm-up heat from the warm-up device to the in-vehicle catalyst. Work is required to enable it to be added to the on-vehicle catalyst.

According to the present invention, even if the engine is repeatedly started and stopped, unpurified exhaust gas can be prevented from being released into the atmosphere.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a V2H system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<V2H system>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a V2H system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The V2H system 1 is a system that uses the PHV 2 as a power source for the house 3.

The PHV 2 employs a series hybrid system and is equipped with an engine (E/G) 11, a generator (motor) 12, and a motor (generator) 13. Note that the method of the hybrid system is not limited to the series method, but may be a series/parallel method.

The engine 11 is, for example, a gasoline engine, and includes an electronic throttle valve for adjusting the amount of intake air into the combustion chamber of the engine 11, an injector (fuel injection device) for injecting fuel into the intake air, and an electric discharge that generates an electric discharge in the combustion chamber. It is equipped with a spark plug etc.

The generator 12 includes, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous motor. The rotating shaft of the generator 12 is mechanically connected to the crankshaft of the engine 11.

The motor 13 is, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous motor larger than the generator 12. A rotating shaft of the motor 13 is connected to a power transmission mechanism that transmits power to drive wheels 14 .

The PHV 2 is a combination of a PCU (Power Control Unit) 15 that has a built-in inverter and a microcontroller (microcontroller unit), etc. to drive a generator 12 and a motor 13, respectively, and multiple secondary batteries. A storage battery 16 consisting of a battery is mounted.

When the PHV 2 is running under acceleration, the motor 13 is operated in power running, and the motor 13 generates power for the PHV 2 to run. The power transmission mechanism includes a differential gear, and the power of the motor 13 is distributed to drive wheels 14 consisting of left and right front wheels or rear wheels.

When the user's drive request (accelerator opening) is small, the PCU 15 supplies electric power from the storage battery 16 to the motor 13 while the engine 11 is stopped. At this time, the motor 13 is driven only by the electric power from the storage battery 16, and the PHV 2 runs in an EV mode using the power of the motor 13. On the other hand, if the drive request is large, the engine 11 is started and the generator 12 generates electricity. Then, the PCU 15 supplies the electric power generated by the generator 12 and the electric power from the storage battery 16 to the motor 13 . As a result, the motor 13 is driven by the power generated by the generator 12 and the power from the storage battery 16, and the PHV 2 runs in an HV mode using the power of the motor 13.

Furthermore, when the engine 11 is started, the PCU 15 supplies power from the storage battery 16 to the generator 12 . As a result, the generator 12 is operated as a motor, and the engine 11 is motored by the generator 12. This motoring causes the crankshaft of the engine 11 to rotate (cranking), and when its rotational speed increases to the rotational speed necessary for starting, the ignition plug of the engine 11 is sparked and the engine 11 is started.

When the generator 12 generates power, when it is not necessary to supply power from the generator 12 to the motor 13, the PCU 15 supplies the power generated by the generator 12 to the storage battery 16. is charged.

Furthermore, when the PHV 2 is running at deceleration, the motor 13 is operated regeneratively as a generator, and the power transmitted from the drive wheels 14 to the motor 13 is converted into electric power. At this time, the motor 13 acts as a resistance in the travel drive system, and the resistance acts as a braking force (regenerative braking force) that brakes the PHV 2. The power generated by the motor 13 is supplied to the storage battery 16 by the PCU 15, and the storage battery 16 is charged with the power generated by the motor 13.

The V2H system 1 includes a stationary charging/discharging device 4 .

The stationary charging/discharging device 4 is a device that is installed along with the house 3 and performs charging/discharging operations for the PHV 2 and the house 3. The stationary charging/discharging device 4 includes a storage battery 21 and an exhaust gas purification device 22.

The storage battery 21 is composed of a battery pack that is a combination of a plurality of secondary batteries. By equipping the stationary charging/discharging device 4 with the storage battery 21, the storage battery 21 can be charged and stored with grid power supplied from the electric power company to the residence 3. Moreover, when the house 3 is equipped with the solar power generation system 5, the electric power generated by the solar power generation system 5 can be charged and stored in the storage battery 21. The power stored in the storage battery 21 can be supplied to load equipment 23 such as home appliances installed in the house 3, and the storage battery 16 of the PHV 2 can be charged with the power stored in the storage battery 21.

When power is supplied from the storage battery 16 of the PHV 2 to the load equipment 23 of the house 3, the exhaust pipe 24 of the PHV 2 is connected to the exhaust gas purification device 22. Exhaust gas from each cylinder of the engine 11 flows into the exhaust pipe 24 via an exhaust manifold, and the exhaust gas flows therethrough.

The exhaust gas purification device 22 is a device that collects and purifies the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 24. The exhaust gas purification device 22 includes a small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 and a catalyst heater 26 for warming up the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25.

An on-vehicle catalyst 27 for purifying exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 24 is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 24 of the PHV 2 . Both the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 and the on-vehicle catalyst 27 are, for example, three-way catalysts that remove CO, HC, and NOx, which are harmful components in exhaust gas. is set up separately. The small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 is a reused catalyst that has been removed from a small vehicle such as a light vehicle that is being disposed of.

The catalyst heater 26 receives drive power from the storage battery 21 of the stationary charging/discharging device 4 and generates heat, and warms up the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 using the generated heat.

The exhaust gas purification device 22 is further provided with an air pump 28 and an oxygen sensor 29.

The air pump 28 introduces air into the exhaust gas recovered into the exhaust gas purification device 22 from the exhaust pipe 24 of the PHV 2 .

The oxygen sensor 29 is provided on the downstream side of the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 in the exhaust gas flow direction, and detects the oxygen concentration on the downstream side.

Although not shown, the stationary charging/discharging device 4 is equipped with a control unit including a microcomputer, and the control unit controls the operation of each part of the stationary charging/discharging device 4 including the exhaust gas purification device 22. controlled.

When power is generated by the generator 12 in the PHV 2 to supply power from the PHV 2 to the house 3, the operation of the exhaust gas purification device 22 is controlled. In this control, when the engine 11 of the PHV 2 is cold-started in the PHV 2, driving power is supplied from the storage battery 21 of the stationary charging/discharging device 4 to the catalytic heater 26 before starting the engine 11 of the PHV 2, and the catalytic heater 26 causes a small The vehicle reuse catalyst 25 is warmed up. After the engine 11 is started, the capacity of the air pump 28 is controlled based on the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen sensor 29. When the engine 11 is cold started, the on-vehicle catalyst 27 is also at a low temperature, and the exhaust gas purifying action by the on-vehicle catalyst 27 is not sufficiently exerted, and the exhaust gas containing harmful components flows into the exhaust gas purification device 22 from the exhaust pipe 24. When starting at a low temperature, HC and CO are often discharged compared to when there is excess fuel. Therefore, the air pump 28 supplies secondary air to the exhaust gas to adjust the oxygen concentration downstream of the catalyst detected by the oxygen sensor 29. By controlling this, the purification effect of the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 can be enhanced, and exhaust gas can be effectively purified. Then, when the warm-up of the on-board catalyst 27 is completed, the operation of the exhaust gas purification device 22 is stopped.

<Effect>
As described above, the PHV 2 is equipped with the engine 11 and the generator 12 that generates electricity using the power of the engine 11. A stationary charging/discharging device 4 is interposed between the PHV 2 and the load equipment 23 of the house 3, and the stationary charging/discharging device 4 charges and discharges the PHV 2 and the load equipment 23.

The V2H system 1 is provided with a small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 that purifies exhaust gas released from the PHV 2 to the outside, in addition to an on-vehicle catalyst 27 for purifying exhaust gas mounted on the PHV 2. Further, a catalyst heater 26 for warming up the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 is provided. Therefore, by warming up the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 with the catalyst heater 26 when the engine 11 is started, the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 can purify the exhaust gas that could not be purified because the onboard catalyst 27 was cold. . Therefore, even if the engine 11 is repeatedly started and stopped, unpurified exhaust gas can be prevented from being released into the atmosphere.

Further, the catalytic heater 26 is driven by electric power supplied from the stationary charging/discharging device 4 . Therefore, even if the grid power supplied to the house 3 is out of power, the stationary charging/discharging device 4 can supply driving power to the catalyst heater 26 and the catalyst heater 26 can warm up the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25. can. Therefore, even during a grid power outage, the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 can purify exhaust gas that could not be purified because the on-vehicle catalyst 27 is cold, suppressing unpurified exhaust gas from being released into the atmosphere. can.

The small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 and the catalyst heater 26 are built into the stationary charging/discharging device 4 . This eliminates the need to secure a space for separately installing the stationary charging/discharging device 4, the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25, and the catalyst heater 26.

Furthermore, the small vehicle reuse catalyst 25 is a catalyst that has been removed from a small vehicle such as a light vehicle that is to be discarded. This makes it possible to achieve environmentally friendly effects such as recycling used catalysts and reducing the amount of waste of environmentally hazardous substances.

<Modified example>
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention can also be implemented in other forms.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the PHV2 was used as an example of a vehicle, but the vehicle used in the V2H system 1 may be an HV (Hybrid Vehicle) that cannot be supplied with power from the outside.

In addition, various design changes can be made to the above-described configuration within the scope of the claims.

1: V2H system (power supply system)
4: Stationary charging/discharging device 11: Engine 12: Generator 23: Load equipment 25: Small vehicle reuse catalyst (external catalyst)
26: Catalyst heater (warming up device)
27: Automotive catalyst

Claims (1)

A stationary charging/discharging device that is interposed between a vehicle equipped with an engine and a generator that generates electricity using the power of the engine and load equipment, and performs charging/discharging operations for the vehicle and the load equipment;
an external catalyst that is provided separately from an on-board catalyst for exhaust gas purification mounted on the vehicle and that purifies exhaust gas discharged from the engine and released to the outside of the vehicle;
A power supply system comprising: a warm-up device that is driven by electric power supplied from the stationary charging/discharging device and warms up the external catalyst.

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