JP7357337B2 - brake structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a brake structure that operates in an emergency.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a brake structure is known that uses fluid pressure to brake wheels by performing a brake operation on an operating member such as a brake pedal disposed in front of a driver's seat. In such a brake structure, techniques have been proposed to enable the wheels to be braked by the driver's brake operation even if an abnormality such as a failure or malfunction occurs. For example, in Patent Document 1, a reaction force chamber is defined by movably supporting a backup piston that can transmit the operating force of an operating member to a pressurizing piston in the cylinder of a master cylinder, and a reaction force chamber is defined by a reaction force control valve. 2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle braking device has been proposed in which the hydraulic pressure applied to a reaction force chamber is controlled according to the operating state of a cylinder. In this vehicle braking system, when the power supply system or hydraulic supply source fails, the backup piston can be moved by operating the operating member and the pressure piston can be pressurized, so it is possible to apply appropriate braking force to the wheels. has been done.

JP2009-67320A

However, with conventional brake structures that allow the wheels to be braked even if an abnormality such as a breakdown or malfunction occurs, it is not possible to brake the wheels by performing a brake operation on the operation input section even in the event of an abnormality. Therefore, it has been difficult to apply sufficient braking in an emergency when brake operation cannot be performed. For example, when electric power is not supplied to the control unit during driving due to automatic driving control, the wheels cannot be braked because no brake operation is performed on the operation input unit.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a brake structure that safely and reliably brakes the wheels even if an emergency situation occurs in which it becomes impossible to input forward and backward movements to the operation input section.

The brake structure of the present invention that achieves the above object includes an operation input section that is disposed in front of the driver's seat of a vehicle and receives forward and backward motions through normal brake operation, and a brake structure that brakes wheels by the forward and backward motion of the operation input section. A brake structure comprising a brake body, an emergency drive source made of a fluid pressure device , and a pressure of working fluid from the emergency drive source is transmitted to move the operation input section forward and backward. and a fluid pressure circuit connecting between the emergency drive source and the emergency operation section, and the emergency drive source includes a cylinder and a rotatable screw shaft arranged in the cylinder. , a piston that is arranged in the cylinder so as to be movable back and forth by the rotation of the screw shaft and partitions the cylinder chamber; a biasing section that biases the piston in a direction to reduce the volume of the cylinder chamber; It is equipped with an electric part that rotates the screw shaft so that the piston moves in the direction of increasing volume and maintains it in a stopped state, and freely rotates the screw shaft in a de-energized state in an emergency, and a motorized part that rotates the screw shaft freely so that the piston moves in the direction of increasing volume. is held in a cylinder and is configured to release working fluid into a fluid pressure circuit in a de-energized state in an emergency, and the fluid pressure circuit stores the working fluid and supplies the working fluid to the emergency drive source and the emergency actuation part. It has a switching part that is connected to the supply storage part and selectively guides the pressure of the working fluid from the emergency drive source to the storage part side or the emergency operation part side, and when the switching part is in an emergency state. It is configured to switch to the emergency operating section side.

It is preferable that the emergency operation section is provided in an unattached state to the operation input section. It is preferable that the emergency drive source is configured to generate and hold a driving force when energized, and release and release the driving force when the energization is cut off.

In the brake structure of the present invention, it is preferable that the vehicle is configured to be able to switch between a manual driving mode and an automatic driving mode, and that the emergency drive source is operable in the automatic driving mode. Further, in the brake structure of the present invention, the vehicle includes an automatic operation control section that can control at least braking of the wheels, and a drive source control section that can control the operation of the emergency drive source, and the drive source control section is configured to control the ignition. It is preferable that the automatic driving control unit is configured to release and release the driving force in the event of a preset emergency when the switch is in the on state.

According to the brake structure of the present invention, the emergency drive source that maintains driving force during normal times and releases the driving force during emergencies, and the operation input section to which brake operations are input during normal times, are connected to the driving force from the emergency drive source. and an emergency actuation section that moves forward and backward. Therefore, in the event of an emergency, the driving force held during normal times is released from the emergency driving source, and the emergency actuation section can move the operation input section forward or backward using this driving force. Therefore, it is possible to brake the wheels reliably in an emergency.

Further, according to the present invention, the operation input section, which normally inputs the brake operation, is moved forward and backward by the driving force released from the emergency drive source, so that if there is an abnormality after it becomes necessary to brake the wheels, Compared to the case where the wheels are braked based on the detection, the wheels can be braked earlier and safely, and the wheels can be braked in the same way as normal.

Therefore, according to the brake structure of the present invention, it is possible to provide a brake structure that safely and reliably brakes the wheels even if an emergency situation occurs in which forward and backward movements cannot be input to the operation input section.

In the present invention, if the emergency actuation section is provided in a non-coupled state with the operation input section, even if the operation input section, which normally operates the brake, is configured to be moved forward and backward by the emergency actuation section, normally The forward and backward movement of the operation input section due to the brake operation at the time is not obstructed by the emergency actuation section. Therefore, even if the emergency operating section is provided, normal driving will not be hindered, so it can be retrofitted to an existing vehicle.

In the present invention, if the emergency drive source is configured to generate and hold the driving force when energized, and release the driving force when the energization is cut off, then the emergency drive source can be used in normal conditions just by being energized. Operation can be switched between emergency and emergency situations, simplifying control.
In the brake structure of the present invention, if the vehicle is configured to be able to switch between manual driving mode and automatic driving mode, and the emergency drive source is operable in automatic driving mode, the safety of automatic driving mode will be significantly improved. You can improve.

In the brake structure of the present invention, the vehicle includes an automatic operation control section that can control at least braking of wheels, and a drive source control section that can control the operation of an emergency drive source, and the drive source control section is configured to control an ignition switch. It is preferable that the automatic driving control unit is configured to release the driving force in an emergency set in advance in the automatic operation control unit when the automatic driving control unit is in the on state. In this way, the wheels can be braked from the emergency drive source at the time when a situation in which the automatic driving control section is expected to be unable to control the braking of the wheels occurs. Therefore, compared to braking only after an emergency situation occurs, it is possible to brake the wheels earlier to stop the vehicle and avoid danger.

If the emergency drive source and the emergency actuation section are composed of fluid pressure equipment and are connected by a fluid pressure circuit, the emergency drive source can be placed at an arbitrary position away from the operation input section and the emergency actuation section. can be located and reliably operably connected by a hydraulic circuit. Therefore, there is a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of the emergency drive source, and the brake structure can be easily installed on the vehicle.

In the present invention, the fluid pressure circuit is connected to a storage part that stores working fluid and supplies it to the fluid pressure equipment, and an emergency operation part that is operated by the working fluid from the fluid pressure equipment, and is connected to the fluid pressure equipment. It has a switching part that selectively guides the working fluid from the storage part to the storage part side or the emergency actuation part side, and the switching part is configured to switch to the emergency actuation part side in an emergency state.

In this way, even if the working fluid is released in a non-emergency situation due to a failure or malfunction of the emergency drive source, it can be guided to the reservoir side, and the pressurized fluid can be guided to the emergency operating part. It can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to prevent the emergency operating unit from operating and braking the wheels while the vehicle is running, and it is possible to prevent abnormal operation during normal operation and improve safety.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a brake structure using a fluid pressure device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a layout diagram schematically showing the layout of a brake structure using the fluid pressure equipment shown in FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a fluid pressure device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a sectional view of the fluid pressure device shown in FIG. 3, showing a state before suction of working fluid. FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid pressure device shown in FIG. 3, showing a state in which working fluid is sucked. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid pressure device shown in FIG. 3, showing a state in which working fluid has been discharged. FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a brake structure using a fluid pressure device according to a modification of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a brake structure using a fluid pressure device according to another modification of the present invention. 9 is a perspective view of another modified example of the fluid pressure device shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a sectional view of another modified example of the fluid pressure device shown in FIG. 9. FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In this embodiment, an example will be described in which the system is retrofitted to an existing vehicle. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle of this embodiment includes an automatic driving control unit 10 and a brake structure 11 that are installed in an existing vehicle, and the structure of this embodiment is incorporated into this brake structure 11. There is. In the figure, 12 is a dash panel, and 13 is an A-pillar.

The brake structure 11 installed in an existing vehicle includes an operation input section 21 which is disposed in front of the driver's seat 14 of the vehicle, and into which forward and backward motions are inputted by the brake operation during normal operation, and an operation input section 21 in which forward and backward motions of the operation input section 21 are input. The brake main body part 22 brakes each wheel 15, and the operation assisting part 23 assists the operation of various devices during brake operation.

The automatic driving control unit 10 installed in existing vehicles controls various devices used for running, turning, and stopping the vehicle, and controls manual driving, level 3, level 4, etc. automatic driving. It is configured to allow driving or unmanned driving. In this embodiment, the automatic driving control unit 10 is configured to be able to switch between a manual driving mode and an automatic driving mode, and when the automatic driving mode is selected, the automatic driving control unit 10 controls the operation input unit of the brake structure 11. 21 or the brake main body 22 to brake the wheels 15. The automatic driving control unit 10 is linked to the ignition switch 24, which is the main switch of the vehicle, and can perform control operations when the ignition switch 24 is in the ON state, and performs automatic driving control by performing various settings and operations. executed.

The brake structure 11 of the present embodiment includes, for example, a fluid pressure device 25 such as a hydraulic device, and an emergency drive source 26 that maintains driving force in normal times and releases it in an emergency, and a driving force from the emergency drive source 26. It includes an emergency operation section 27 that moves the operation input section 21 forward and backward, and a fluid pressure circuit 31 that connects the emergency drive source 26 and the emergency operation section 27.

Here, the normal state in this embodiment refers to when the vehicle is running due to the driver's driving operation or when each part is controlled by the automatic driving control unit 10, and when the driver operates the brakes or the automatic driving control unit The brake main body 22 is actuated by the brake operation based on the output from the brake body 22, and is in a state where each wheel 15 can be braked.

On the other hand, an emergency situation includes a state in which the driver is unable to perform driving operations, a state in which input to the operation input section 21 is impossible, a state in which it is impossible to control the automatic driving control section 10 or input to the brake main body section 22, etc. It is. For example, when it is necessary to brake the wheels 15 based on information from various sensors installed in the vehicle, and when input operations by the driver or inputs from the automatic driving control unit 10 cannot be detected, the automatic driving control unit 10 This may also be the case when the automatic operation control unit 10 is not supplied with a signal or power. In this embodiment, the time when a situation in which power is not supplied to the automatic operation control unit 10 occurs is preset as an emergency.

The operation input unit 21 supports a brake pedal 32 disposed at the foot of the driver's seat 14 to which a brake operation is input, and supports the brake pedal 32, moves forward and backward around a fulcrum 33, and is biased toward the driver. A brake arm 34 is provided.

The brake main body section 22 transmits or transmits the advance/retreat motion input to the operation input section 21, and brakes each wheel 15 using the pressure amplified or generated based on this. In this embodiment, a booster 35 converts and amplifies the forward/backward movement input of the operation input unit 21 into working fluid pressure, a master cylinder 36 distributes the working fluid pressure, and the working fluid pressure is applied from the master cylinder 36 to each wheel 15. It has a brake line that transmits the information. At the end of the brake line, an operating unit 37 such as a disc brake or drum brake for braking each wheel 15 is installed.

The motion assisting section 23 is a structure that is installed in various existing vehicles, and has various functions such as ensuring running stability, improving vehicle stability, and increasing braking force when the brakes are operated. It is a structure that assists the operation of various devices for the purpose, and in this embodiment, although detailed illustrations are omitted, for example, a sideslip prevention mechanism or an ABS mechanism is installed.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the emergency drive source 26 made of the fluid pressure equipment 25 includes a hollow cylinder 41, a screw shaft 42 made of a ball screw penetrating the cylinder 41, and a screw shaft. 42, the piston 44 is arranged in the cylinder 41 and partitions the cylinder chamber 43, and the piston 44 is attached in the axial direction. It includes a biasing section 45 made of a compression spring that biases the screw shaft 42, and a motorized section 46 that rotates, stops, and opens the screw shaft 42.

This emergency drive source 26 is provided with a drive source control section 28, and its operation can be controlled by the drive source control section 28. The drive source control unit 28 receives identification information between emergency and normal times, and switching information between automatic operation mode and manual operation mode from the automatic operation control unit 10, and also receives energization information from the battery 16. , the ON information of the ignition switch 24, the detection information of the piston 44 of the cylinder 41, and the storage information of the working fluid in the buffer 61 are transmitted, and based on these, the operation of the switching valve 66 and the motor 71, which will be described later, is controlled. Then, the driving force is released from the emergency driving source 26 in a preset emergency.

The cylinder 41 has a hollow portion 47 having a circular cross section and extending in the axial direction, and both ends 41a and 41b are closed so that the working fluid cannot pass therethrough. The screw shaft 42 is disposed along the shaft and is supported by both ends 41a and 41b of the cylinder 41 so as to be immovable in the axial direction but rotatable. A threaded shaft 42 is fluid-tightly inserted through one end 41 a of the cylinder 41 , with the end side of the threaded shaft 42 protruding outside the cylinder 41 .

The piston 44 is screwed onto the threaded shaft 42 and housed in the hollow part 47 of the cylinder 41, and is fixed in the circumferential direction by, for example, a linear guide section provided in the axial direction within the cylinder 41, so that it cannot rotate. has been done. The outer periphery of the piston 44 is slidably in contact with the inner periphery of the hollow portion 47 of the cylinder 41 via a sealing material, and is arranged to be movable forward and backward in the axial direction. In this embodiment, detection units 48 each consisting of a reed switch or a limit switch are installed at the top dead center and bottom dead center of the piston 44 of the cylinder 41, respectively, to detect the position of the piston 44. By detecting the position of the piston 44, suction and discharge of working fluid in the cylinder 41 are detected.

The biasing part 45 is housed in a hollow part 47 on the one end 41a side of the cylinder 41 and is made of a compression spring arranged around the screw shaft 42. This biasing portion 45 biases the piston 44 in a direction that reduces the volume of the cylinder chamber 43, that is, toward the other end portion 41b. In this embodiment, the biasing force of the biasing unit 45 is set so as to obtain a flow rate and fluid pressure of the working fluid that can realize the intended operation of the other fluid pressure device 25 connected by the fluid pressure circuit 31. ing.

The biasing unit 45 of this embodiment may be provided with a detection unit for directly or indirectly detecting the biasing force applied to the piston 44, and the biasing force of the biasing unit 45 can be adjusted to the position of the piston 44. , the number of rotations, etc. may be detected. The automatic driving control unit 10 is configured so that automatic driving control is not executed when the urging force of the urging unit 45 is less than a predetermined value.

The emergency operating section 27 is connected to an emergency drive source 26 made up of a fluid pressure device 25 via a fluid pressure circuit 31. The emergency operating section 27 is mounted on the vehicle body near the operation input section 21, specifically at a position on the rear side of the vehicle of the brake arm 34 that can move the brake arm 34 forward and backward by the pressing member 53. The emergency actuating section 27 includes a pressing cylinder 51 that moves forward and backward by fluid pressure, and a pressing member 53 connected to the rod 51a of the pressing cylinder 51 and disposed in a non-joined state so as to be able to press the operation input section 21. It consists of hydraulic equipment.

The fluid pressure circuit 31 is connected between a storage section 60 such as an oil tank that stores working fluid, a cylinder 41 of the emergency drive source 26 , and a pressure cylinder 51 of the emergency operation section 27 . Working fluid is supplied to and discharged from the cylinder chamber 43. The fluid pressure circuit 31 includes a buffer 61 that is provided in communication with the storage section 60 to facilitate supplying and collecting a sufficient amount of working fluid to the fluid pressure circuit 31, and a buffer 61 that is provided in communication with the storage section 60 to facilitate supplying and collecting a sufficient amount of working fluid to the fluid pressure circuit 31. A supply flow path 62 connected to the other end 41b of the cylinder 41 so as to be able to supply fluid, and an operating pressure flow path 63 that discharges pressurized fluid from the cylinder chamber 43 and guides it to the emergency operation section 27 are provided. A check valve 64 is provided in each of the supply flow path 62 and the operating pressure flow path 63 of the fluid pressure circuit 31.

The fluid pressure circuit 31 of this embodiment includes a return flow path 65 that branches off from the working pressure flow path 63 and returns the pressurized fluid to the reservoir 60 side, and a return flow path 65 that branches between the working pressure flow path 63 and the return flow path 65. A switching valve 66 for allowing flow is provided. The switching valve 66 of this embodiment is configured to switch between when it is energized in a normal state and when it is not energized in an emergency state. Therefore, the switching valve 66 and the check valve 64 allow flow between the storage section 60 and the cylinder chamber 43 of the cylinder 41 in the normal state, and allow flow between the cylinder chamber 43 and the pressing cylinder 51 of the emergency actuation section 27. flow between them is prevented. On the other hand, in an emergency state, the structure is such that the flow between the storage section 60 and the cylinder chamber 43 is blocked, and the flow between the cylinder chamber 43 and the pressing cylinder 51 is allowed.

The electric part 46 includes a motor 71 such as a step motor that is arranged in parallel to the outside of the cylinder 41 and fixed integrally therewith. The rotating shaft 72 of the motor 71 and the end of the threaded shaft 42 are connected via a transmission section, and specifically, a timing pulley 73 is attached to both, and a timing belt 74 is stretched between them. The motor 71 rotates the rotating shaft 72 in one direction when energized, and is rotatable when not energized. Further, when the driving force becomes large during energization, the rotation stops and becomes unrotatable, and this state is maintained.

In this motor 71, when the rotating shaft 72 of the motor 71 rotates when energized, the screw shaft 42 disposed through the cylinder 41 rotates as a result.In the normal energized state, when the rotating shaft 72 of the motor 71 stops, the screw shaft 42 rotates. 42 also stops. Further, in the non-energized state as an emergency state, the rotating shaft 72 is rotatable, so when the screw shaft 42 rotates, the rotating shaft 72 of the motor 71 rotates as a result.

This electric part 46 is linked to the ignition switch 24 of the vehicle and switching of the automatic driving mode, and when the ignition switch 24 is turned on, the electric part 46 is energized and driven together with the automatic driving control part 10, and the motor 71 The rotating shaft 72 rotates. On the other hand, when the ignition switch 24 is turned off, the automatic operation mode of the automatic operation control section 10 is canceled and the electric power of the electric section 46 is cut off.

In the fluid pressure device 25 of this embodiment, the correlation between the urging force of the urging section 45, the moment of inertia of the piston 44, the thread pitch of the screw shaft 42 and the piston 44, and the driving force of the motor 71 of the electric section 46 is established. By setting the pressure within a predetermined range in advance, the working fluid pressure, discharge rate, etc. can be adjusted as appropriate.

Next, the operation of the brake structure 11 using such a fluid pressure device 25 will be explained.
First, in order to drive the vehicle automatically, the ignition switch 24 is turned on in automatic driving mode. As a result, electric power is supplied to the electric unit 46 together with the automatic operation control unit 10, and the rotating shaft 72 of the motor 71 is automatically driven to rotate.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a sufficient amount of working fluid is stored in the buffer 61 from the reservoir 60. Since the piston 44 is screwed into the screw shaft 42 in the hollow part 47 of the cylinder 41, when the rotation shaft 72 of the motor 71 rotates and the screw shaft 42 rotates as a result, the cylinder chamber 43 opens as shown in FIG. The piston 44 moves in the direction of increasing volume. Working fluid from the reservoir 60 is sucked into the cylinder chamber 43 by the fluid pressure circuit 31 . As the piston 44 moves toward the one end 41a side of the cylinder 41 against the biasing force of the biasing part 45, the biasing force of the piston 44 by the biasing part 45 also increases, and as a result, the cylinder chamber 43 has A sufficient amount of working fluid is accommodated and stored at high fluid pressure.

When the driving force supplied by the motor 71 increases, for example, when the number of rotations reaches a predetermined number or more, the rotational torque reaches a predetermined pressure or more, or a state where rotation is impossible is reached, the motor 71 remains energized. The motor 71 stops rotating, and this state is maintained. The automatic driving control unit 10 executes automatic driving control by transmitting information on the urging force. Then, by performing a prescribed operation, the vehicle runs unmanned and automatically, and the automatic driving control unit 10 controls the running motion, turning motion, stopping motion, etc. of the vehicle.

For example, if a situation occurs in which power is not supplied to the automatic driving control unit 10 while the vehicle is running, power is no longer supplied to the electric unit 46 that is energized together with the automatic driving control unit 10. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, in the fluid pressure device 25, when the motor 71 is in a non-energized state, the rotation shaft 72 of the motor 71 can freely rotate. Since the piston 44 is biased with a sufficient biasing force, the piston 44 moves in a direction to reduce the volume of the cylinder chamber 43 while rotating the screw shaft 42 due to this biasing force. As a result, the working fluid pressurized by the urging force of the urging portion 45 is released from the cylinder chamber 43 to the fluid pressure circuit 31.

In the fluid pressure circuit 31, when the switching valve 66 is normally energized, it closes the operating pressure flow path 63 side and opens the return flow path 65 side, but when it becomes de-energized during an abnormality, it closes the return flow path 65 side. Obstruction. Therefore, the pressure of the working fluid released from the cylinder chamber 43 is transmitted to the pressing cylinder 51 of the emergency actuation section 27 through the working pressure flow path 63. Then, by pressing the operation input section 21 with the pressing member 53 and inputting forward and backward motion to the brake main body section 22, each wheel 15 is braked and the vehicle stops running.

In this embodiment, various fail-safe mechanisms are provided to prevent malfunction of the brake structure 11. For example, since the detection unit 48 is attached to the cylinder 41, when the detection unit 48 detects the discharge of working fluid from the cylinder 41 in normal times, it may be caused by malfunction of the cylinder 41 or the control system, for example, when the switching valve 66 closes the working pressure flow path 63 side and switches the return flow path 65 side to an open state, thereby preventing the working fluid from being supplied to the working pressure flow path 63 side.

According to the brake structure 11 of the present embodiment as described above, the emergency drive source 26 that holds the driving force during normal times and releases the driving force during emergencies, and the operation input section 21 to which the brake operation is input during normal times. An emergency operation section 27 that moves forward and backward by a driving force from an emergency drive source 26 is provided. Therefore, even in an emergency situation where forward and backward movements cannot be input to the operation input unit 21, the driving force held during normal operation is released from the emergency drive source 26, and this driving force is used to operate the emergency operating unit 27. The input section 21 can be moved forward and backward. Therefore, it is possible to brake the wheels 15 reliably in an emergency.

Further, a driving force is released from the emergency driving source 26, and this driving force is used to move the operation input section 21, into which a brake operation is normally input, to move forward and backward. Therefore, compared to detecting an abnormality and braking the wheels 15 after the wheels 15 need to be braked, it is possible to brake the wheels 15 more safely at an earlier stage, and it is also possible to brake the wheels 15 more safely than during normal brake operation. Since a similar structure is used, the wheels 15 can be reliably braked. Furthermore, since a normal brake operation structure is used, a structure that operates in an emergency can be easily retrofitted to a vehicle that has an existing brake structure.

Furthermore, by moving the operation input section 21, which receives brake operation input in normal times, by moving forward or backward, various operation auxiliary sections 23, such as the ABS mechanism, etc., which stably brake the wheels 15 in response to brake operation, can be activated even in an emergency. It is possible to brake the wheels 15 by using the braking function, and braking performance corresponding to the movement assisting part 23 can be obtained, for example, to further improve safety.

Therefore, according to this brake structure 11, even if an emergency situation occurs in which forward/backward movement cannot be input to the operation input section 21, the wheels 15 can be braked safely and reliably to stop the vehicle.

In the brake structure 11 of this embodiment, the emergency actuation section 27 is provided in the operation input section 21 in a non-jointed state. Therefore, even if the operation input section 21, which is normally brake operated, is moved forward or backward by the emergency operation section 27, the emergency operation section 27 does not inhibit the forward or backward movement of the operation input section 21, which is caused by the normal brake operation. Thereby, even if the emergency actuation section 27 is provided, normal driving will not be hindered, so it can be easily installed in an existing vehicle.

In the brake structure 11 of this embodiment, when the emergency drive source 26 is energized, a driving force is generated and held, and when the energization is cut off, the driving force is released. Therefore, the operation can be switched between normal and emergency situations just by the energized state, and control can be simplified.

In the brake structure 11 of the present embodiment, the vehicle includes an automatic driving control section 10 that can control at least braking of wheels, and a drive source control section 28 that can control the operation of an emergency drive source 26. When the ignition switch is on and the automatic operation mode is on, the drive source control unit 28 releases driving force in an emergency that is preset in the automatic operation control unit 10. Therefore, in the automatic driving mode, the automatic driving control unit 10 brakes the wheels 15 earlier than braking after a situation where it is assumed that the brakes on the wheels 15 will become uncontrollable occurs. You can prevent danger by stopping it.

In the brake structure 11 of this embodiment, the emergency drive source 26 and the emergency actuation section 27 are composed of fluid pressure devices, and are connected by a fluid pressure circuit 31. Therefore, even if the emergency drive source 26 is placed at an arbitrary position apart from the operation input section 21 and the emergency actuation section 27, it can be connected to the fluid pressure circuit 31 for reliable operation. Thereby, the degree of freedom in arranging the emergency drive source 26 is high, and the brake structure 11 can be easily mounted on the vehicle.

In the brake structure 11 of this embodiment, the fluid pressure circuit 31 is connected to a storage section 60 that stores working fluid and supplies it to the fluid pressure device 25, and a press cylinder 51 that is operated by the working fluid from the fluid pressure device 25. In addition, it has a switching valve 66 that selectively guides the working fluid from the fluid pressure device 25 to the storage section 60 side or the pressing cylinder 51 side, and the switching valve 66 switches to the pressing cylinder 51 side when in an emergency state. That's what I do. Therefore, even if the pressurized fluid is released in a situation other than an emergency due to a failure or malfunction of the emergency drive source 26, etc., the switching valve 66 of the return flow path 65 remains open as usual, so that it is not an emergency. The pressurized fluid discharged to can be guided to the storage section 60 side, and the pressurized fluid can be prevented from being guided to the emergency operation section 27 by the operating pressure flow path 63. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the emergency operation unit 27 from operating and braking the wheels 15 while the vehicle is running, and it is possible to prevent abnormal operation during normal operation and improve safety.

The above embodiments can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the buffer 61 is provided in communication with the storage section 60 to facilitate supplying and recovering a sufficient amount of working fluid to the fluid pressure circuit 31, but there is no particular limitation. Instead, as shown in a modified example of FIG. 7, it is also possible to configure the structure without providing the buffer 61 or to use the cylinder 41 without providing the detection section 48.

In the above embodiment, a bypass path equipped with a check valve 64 is provided between the storage section 60 side and the cylinder 41 side, and the switching valve 66 transfers the working fluid from the cylinder chamber 43 to the storage section 60 side and the press cylinder 51 side. Although the configuration is such that the switching valve 66 is selectively guided to both sides, as shown in FIG. 8, it is also possible to arrange a switching valve 66 without providing a bypass path.

Similarly, each configuration of the fluid pressure device 25 can be changed as appropriate. For example, in the embodiment described above, the threaded shaft 42 is rotatably arranged in the cylinder 41 in a state that it cannot be displaced in the axial direction, and the piston 44 is arranged so as to be movable in the axial direction by screwing the piston 44 into the threaded shaft 42. A screw shaft 42 is rotated by a motor 71 to move only the piston 44 forward and backward. Regarding this configuration, for example, like the fluid pressure equipment 25 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a screw shaft 42 is arranged in the cylinder 41 so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction, and a ball screw nut screwed onto the screw shaft 42 The screw shaft 42 itself may be moved back and forth by rotating the screw shaft 42c in forward and reverse directions by the motor 71 via the gear 75. In that case, the piston 44 is rotatably connected to the end of the screw shaft 42, so that the piston 44 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction.
Further, in the embodiment described above, the piston 44 is directly urged by the urging section 45 housed in the hollow part 47 on the one end 41a side of the cylinder 41, but as in the fluid pressure device 25 shown in FIGS. , a biasing portion 45 may be disposed outside the cylinder 41, the biasing portion 45 biases the threaded shaft 42 in the axial direction, and the piston 44 may be indirectly biased via the threaded shaft 42. Even with these configurations, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

In the above embodiment, an example of a vehicle that runs unmanned by controlling devices for running, turning, and stopping by the automatic driving control unit 10 has been described, but the driver operates each of the devices described above. It may also be a vehicle that runs on the road.
In the embodiment described above, an example has been described in which the pressing cylinder 51 and the pressing member 53 are disposed on the vehicle rear side of the brake arm 34 as the emergency operating section 27, but the present invention is not particularly limited thereto. For example, it is also possible to arrange various actuators driven by fluid pressure on the front side of the vehicle or the side of the vehicle of the brake arm 34, and drive the brake arm 34 forward or backward by a pulling operation, a rotating operation, or the like.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be widely applied or utilized to the operation|movement stop structure of the equipment or apparatus which operate|moves using hydraulic pressure, and the braking structure of a moving body including a vehicle.

10 Automatic driving control section 11 Brake structure 12 Dash panel 13 A-pillar 14 Driver's seat 15 Wheels 16 Battery 21 Operation input section 22 Brake main body section 23 Operation auxiliary section 24 Ignition switch 25 Fluid pressure equipment 26 Emergency drive source 27 Emergency operation section 28 Drive source control section 31 Fluid pressure circuit 32 Brake pedal 33 Fulcrum 34 Brake arm 35 Booster 36 Master cylinder 37 Operating section 41 Cylinder 41a One end 41b Other end 42 Threaded shaft (ball screw)
42c Ball screw nut 43 Cylinder chamber 44 Piston 45 Biasing part 46 Electric part 47 Hollow part 48 Detection part 51 Pressing cylinder 51a Rod 53 Pressing member 60 Storage part 61 Buffer 62 Supply passage 63 Operating pressure passage 64 Check valve 65 Return flow Path 66 Switching valve 71 Motor 72 Rotating shaft 73 Timing pulley 74 Timing belt 75 Gear

Claims (6)

A brake structure comprising: an operation input section disposed in front of a driver's seat of a vehicle and into which forward and backward motions are input by normal brake operation; and a brake body section that brakes wheels by forward and backward motions of the operation input section. ,
an emergency drive source consisting of fluid pressure equipment ;
an emergency actuation section comprising a fluid pressure device, to which pressure of working fluid from the emergency drive source is transmitted to move the operation input section forward and backward;
a fluid pressure circuit connecting between the emergency drive source and the emergency operation section,
The emergency drive source includes a cylinder, a rotatable screw shaft arranged in the cylinder, a piston arranged in the cylinder so as to be movable forward and backward by rotation of the screw shaft and partitioning a cylinder chamber; a biasing portion that biases the piston in a direction that decreases the volume of the cylinder chamber; and a biasing portion that rotates the screw shaft so that the piston moves in a direction that increases the volume of the cylinder chamber when energized and maintains the screw shaft in a stopped state; and an electric part that freely rotates the screw shaft in a de-energized state in an emergency, which holds the working fluid in the cylinder in a energized state in a normal state, and transfers the working fluid to the cylinder in a de-energized state in an emergency. configured to discharge into a pressure circuit;
The fluid pressure circuit is connected to a storage section that stores the working fluid and supplies the working fluid to the emergency drive source and the emergency actuation section, and the fluid pressure circuit is connected to a storage section that stores the working fluid and supplies the working fluid to the emergency drive source and the emergency operation section. comprising a switching part that selectively guides the pressure to the storage part side or the emergency activation part side, and the switching part is configured to switch to the emergency activation part side in the emergency state; Brake structure. 2. The brake structure according to claim 1, wherein the emergency actuation section is provided in a non-connected state to the operation input section. The brake structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the emergency drive source generates and holds a driving force when energized, and releases the working fluid to the fluid pressure circuit when energization is cut off. . The brake according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vehicle is configured to be switchable between a manual driving mode and an automatic driving mode, and the emergency drive source is operable in the automatic driving mode. structure. The vehicle includes an automatic driving control unit that can control at least braking of the wheels, and a drive source control unit that can control the operation of the emergency drive source,
The brake according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the drive source control unit releases the working fluid to the fluid pressure circuit in an emergency preset in the automatic operation control unit when an ignition switch is on. structure. The brake structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the switching section includes a switching valve and a check valve.

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