JP7357381B2 - How to avoid frost damage by blocking light - Google Patents
How to avoid frost damage by blocking light Download PDFInfo
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- JP7357381B2 JP7357381B2 JP2021186016A JP2021186016A JP7357381B2 JP 7357381 B2 JP7357381 B2 JP 7357381B2 JP 2021186016 A JP2021186016 A JP 2021186016A JP 2021186016 A JP2021186016 A JP 2021186016A JP 7357381 B2 JP7357381 B2 JP 7357381B2
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Description
本発明は、果樹の凍霜被害を朝日を遮ぎることで、回避する。 The present invention avoids frost damage to fruit trees by blocking morning sunlight.
農作物の凍霜害対策は、長年にわたり、燃焼法、散水氷結法、防霜ファン、被覆法、等で実施されてきたが、労力や経費の面で実施されるケースは少なく、期待する経営的メリットも十分でない。 For many years, countermeasures against frost damage to agricultural products have been implemented using combustion methods, water-sprinkling freezing methods, anti-frost fans, covering methods, etc. However, due to labor and cost considerations, these methods are rarely implemented, and the expected managerial benefits are limited. is also not enough.
近年、地球温暖化の影響から果樹等の樹木の生育の前進化が見られ、世界各地で大規模な凍霜害が発生している。 In recent years, due to the effects of global warming, the growth of trees such as fruit trees has been accelerated, and large-scale frost damage is occurring in many parts of the world.
また、日本国内でも４月以降、霜注意報が連日発表され、その都度農家は上記の方法で対処することを知っていても、高齢化も進んでおり、対処のタイミングを逃がし、甚大な被害が発生している。 In addition, even in Japan, frost advisories have been announced every day since April, and even though farmers know to take the above-mentioned measures each time, the aging of the population is progressing, and they miss the timing to take action, resulting in serious damage. is occurring.
凍霜害の発生メカニズムで、現在、有力視されている要因は、「植物細胞の凍結」と「融解後の水分ストレスによる細胞障害」である。 The factors currently considered to be the most likely causes of frost damage are ``freezing of plant cells'' and ``cell damage due to water stress after thawing.''
本発明は、この考え方［０００７］に基づいて解決する技術である。
すなわち、「凍結細胞の解凍過程で生じる水分ストレスを大きくしない」の命題を解決するための技術である。The present invention is a technique to solve the problem based on this idea [0007].
In other words, this is a technology that solves the problem of "not increasing the water stress that occurs during the thawing process of frozen cells."
本発明は、果樹の花芽が膨らんで、被害発生の生育ステージに入った時期から実施する技術である。 The present invention is a technique that is implemented from the time when the flower buds of fruit trees swell and enter the growth stage where damage occurs.
凍った花芽の細胞は、外気温の上昇でゆっくり解凍させることで、正常な状態に戻り凍霜害が回避され、開花・結実、高品質安定生産が可能となる。 By slowly thawing frozen flower bud cells as the outside temperature rises, they return to their normal state and avoid frost damage, allowing for flowering, fruiting, and stable production of high quality.
このことにより、生産性の向上が図られ、産地銘柄の向上や農業後継者の育成拡大に大きく貢献することになる。 This will improve productivity, greatly contributing to the improvement of local brands and the training of agricultural successors.
Claims (1)
日の出近くに外気温度を確認して、凍霜害対策の必要性があると判断した場合に、当該果樹の樹体の東側に太陽の直射光を遮って日陰を創出する太陽光遮へい物を、太陽の直射光が発生する直前に立てて、太陽が昇るのに伴って、前記太陽光遮へい物の位置を変えるか、又はさらに別の太陽光遮へい物を設置することで日陰を作り、凍結した花芽に太陽の直射光が当たらないようにし、
凍結した花芽を外気温の上昇によって解凍することで、凍結細胞の解凍過程で生じる水分ストレスを避ける、果樹花芽の凍霜害回避法。 A method for avoiding frost damage when swollen flower buds of fruit trees freeze due to radiation cooling,
If we check the outside temperature near sunrise and determine that there is a need to take measures against frost damage, we install a solar shield on the east side of the fruit tree that blocks direct sunlight and creates shade . The frozen flower buds can be shaded by erecting them just before direct sunlight and changing the position of the solar shield as the sun rises, or by installing another solar shield. Avoid direct sunlight on the
A method for avoiding frost damage to fruit tree flower buds that avoids the water stress that occurs during the thawing process of frozen cells by thawing the frozen flower buds by raising the outside temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021186016A JP7357381B2 (en) | 2021-10-06 | 2021-10-06 | How to avoid frost damage by blocking light |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021186016A JP7357381B2 (en) | 2021-10-06 | 2021-10-06 | How to avoid frost damage by blocking light |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2023055598A JP2023055598A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
| JP7357381B2 true JP7357381B2 (en) | 2023-10-06 |
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| JP2021186016A Active JP7357381B2 (en) | 2021-10-06 | 2021-10-06 | How to avoid frost damage by blocking light |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3038837U (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-06-30 | 名古屋電気株式会社 | Protective netting equipment for orchards |
| JP2006109804A (en) | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-27 | Fulta Electric Machinery Co Ltd | Frost protection apparatus using high frost protection fan having multiple head (multi-head system; several sets) and frost protection method using the same |
| JP2016093109A (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-26 | 英夫 大石 | Agricultural greenhouse, and greenhouse for cherry |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5512683Y2 (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1980-03-21 | ||
| JPS5344325A (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-04-21 | Shigeru Kuroyanagi | Automatic controlling method of electric fan for preventing frost damage |
| JPH0746135Y2 (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1995-10-25 | 俊一 綾野 | Protective net device |
| JP2684324B2 (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1997-12-03 | ネポン株式会社 | Method and apparatus for controlling frost damage |
| JP2949050B2 (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1999-09-13 | 株式会社山本製作所 | Frost protection device |
| JP3760202B2 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2006-03-29 | 佐々木 拓 | Fruit tree covering |
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2021
- 2021-10-06 JP JP2021186016A patent/JP7357381B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3038837U (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1997-06-30 | 名古屋電気株式会社 | Protective netting equipment for orchards |
| JP2006109804A (en) | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-27 | Fulta Electric Machinery Co Ltd | Frost protection apparatus using high frost protection fan having multiple head (multi-head system; several sets) and frost protection method using the same |
| JP2016093109A (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-26 | 英夫 大石 | Agricultural greenhouse, and greenhouse for cherry |
Non-Patent Citations (11)
| Title |
|---|
| 中川行夫 ，果樹の凍害，農業気象，第３６巻第４号，日本，1981年，第２７９－２８６頁，https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/agrmet1943/36/4/36_4_279/_article/-char/ja/ |
| 今村拓幸 外３名，気象災害等を踏まえた農作業のポイント，今月の技術と経営，第５５７号，日本，農政部農業経営課，2020年03月09日，表紙、第１－１３頁，https://www.pref.gifu.lg.jp/uploaded/attachment/11036.pdf |
| 佐久間宜昭 外２名，落葉果樹4樹種の凍霜害危険度予測モデル，園芸学研究，第１２巻第４号，日本，2013年，第４０３－４０９頁，https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/hrj/12/4/12_403/_article/-char/ja |
| 佐藤錦 作柄を決める3つの条件，山形味の農園，日本，2023年01月01日，第１－５頁，https://www.ajfarm.com/1900/ |
| 吉田静夫 外１名，急速溶解の害，低温科学 生物編，日本，1967年12月25日，表紙、第７１－７９頁，https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/17721/1/25_p71-79.pdf |
| 多比良和生 外４名，ナシ園の多目的防災網被覆による温度上昇効果と防霜効果，茨城県農業総合センター園芸研究所研究報告，第５号，日本，1997年，第１－６頁，https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010571156.pdf |
| 小中原実 外１名，カンキツの寒害防除に関する研究(第2報)，農業気象，第２５巻第１号，日本，1969年，第３１-３７頁，https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/agrmet1943/25/1/25_1_31/_pdf/-char/en |
| 氷点下になった時など植物内の水は凍結しないのか？，みんなの広場，日本，日本植物生理学会，2006年02月04日，第１－２頁，https://jspp.org/hiroba/q_and_a/detail.html?id=1123 |
| 萩原栄輝 外３名，スモモおよびオウトウの開花期における低温許容限界，山梨県果樹試験所研究報告，第１２号，日本，2011年，第６１－６６頁，https://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010892703.pdf |
| 藤島宏之 外２名，簡易雨よけ栽培によるキウイフルーツ「レインボーレッド」の晩霜被害軽減効果，福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告３１(２０１２)，日本，2012年，第６０－６２頁，https://www.farc.pref.fukuoka.jp/farc/kenpo/kenpo-31/31-14.pdf |
| 酒井昭 外１名，霜害におよぼす融解速度の影響，低温科学 生物編，日本，1967年12月25日，第５９－７０頁，https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/17720/1/25_p59-70.pdf |
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