JP7357443B2 - Hydrogen combustion equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hydrogen combustion device that combusts a transparent hydrogen flame so that it can be visually recognized.

Hydrogen flame has little visible light and is almost transparent, making it difficult to detect with the naked eye. For this reason, it is difficult to visually confirm or detect the combustion state of the hydrogen flame, so it has been proposed to color the hydrogen flame.

Coloring with a hydrogen flame is carried out by holding salts that exhibit a flame color reaction at the tip of a burner nozzle, as in Patent Document 1 below. In this configuration, when a hydrogen flame is generated from the burner, the hydrogen flame comes into contact with salts at the tip of the nozzle, and the hydrogen flame emits visible light due to the flame color reaction of the salts.

However, because the structure is such that salts that exhibit a flame reaction are held at the tip of a cylindrical nozzle, only the outer flame part of the flame appears colored. Further, as described in Patent Document 1, the brightness level of the flame can be increased by increasing the amount of salt applied due to diffusive combustion, but the brightness level of the flame is rapidly attenuated. Patent Document 1 solves this problem by forming a groove at the tip of the nozzle to draw the rising part of the flame into the inside of the nozzle, but it is still difficult to maintain color development for a long time. . For this reason, it was not possible to display a large hydrogen flame for theatrical purposes at events.

For this reason, as in Patent Document 2 below, a hydrogen flame coloring device was proposed in which a coloring member made of a porous body supporting a coloring material exhibiting a flame color reaction was placed at the end in the direction in which the hydrogen flame was emitted. This device can burn a large hydrogen flame that emits a desired color over a long period of time, and is suitable for use at events and the like.

However, after obtaining the coloring member, management work such as transporting it, loading it into the device, and replacing it is required, which may make it difficult to use.

Special Publication No. 59-33805 Patent No. 6225219

Therefore, the main purpose of this invention is to make it possible to burn a large hydrogen flame emitting a desired color for a long time without much effort.

Means for this purpose is a hydrogen combustion device including a burner that burns hydrogen to generate a hydrogen flame, and a coloring section that colors the hydrogen flame, the coloring section being provided at a position adjacent to the burner, An entrainment suppressing means that is composed of a spray nozzle that sprays only a colored liquid exhibiting a flame reaction using compressed air , and is located only around the radial direction of the spray nozzle in an air entrainment flow path that occurs when the spray nozzle sprays. This is a hydrogen combustion device equipped with

In this configuration, the colored liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle of the colored section becomes a mist while involving the surrounding air, and is dispersed at an appropriate spray angle. At this time, the entrainment suppressing means is located in the air entrainment flow path that occurs during spraying, and suppresses the entrainment of air by blocking or decelerating the flow of entrained air, or reducing the amount of air. This suppresses narrowing of the spray angle or widens the spray angle to perform wide-angle spraying. The sprayed colored liquid comes into contact with and is heated by the hydrogen flame emitted from the burner, exhibits a flame color reaction, and colors the hydrogen flame.

As described above, according to the present invention, the colored liquid can be sprayed at a wide angle, so that the colored liquid can come into contact with the hydrogen flame over a wide range. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a large hydrogen flame that emits a desired color. Moreover, since the hydrogen flame is colored by spraying a colored liquid, the colored combustion state can be maintained for a long time. Further, unlike the case of using a coloring member made of a porous body, it can be used anywhere as long as a colored liquid can be supplied, and it is easy to handle.

A partially cutaway front view of a hydrogen combustion device. A perspective view of a hydrogen combustion device. Explanatory diagram showing the operating state. A perspective view of a burner. Explanatory diagram showing the operating state. Explanatory diagram showing the test method. A plan view and a cross-sectional view of the entrainment suppressing means used in the test. FIG. 7 is a plan view of an entrainment suppressing means according to another example.

One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a partially cutaway front view of a hydrogen combustion device 11 in a combustion state. This hydrogen combustion device 11 is suitably used as a device for lighting flames Fa such as torches, bonfires, and bonfires used at various events, ceremonies, store operations, shrines and temples, gardens, and the like.

The hydrogen combustion device 11 is provided inside the exterior body 12. The exterior body 12 is formed into an appropriate shape, and has an open top surface. As shown in FIG. 2, the hydrogen combustion device 11 is provided inside the exterior body 12 surrounded by a partition wall 13 that is circular in plan view, and burns hydrogen to generate a hydrogen flame F (see FIG. 3). ) and a coloring section 17 that colors the hydrogen flame F.

The burner 15 has a cylindrical shape, and has a burner port 51 facing upward, which is circular in plan view. A plurality of such burners 15 are provided, and these burners 15 are arranged at intervals so as to form a circular surface as a whole in plan view. Specifically, it has a circumferential part 15A that draws a circle and an inner part 15B that is located inside the circumferential part 15A and draws a cross. The size of the circular surface formed by the plurality of burners 15 is such that it can fit in the partition wall 13 in the upper part of the housing space 12a of the exterior body 12. A burner 15 having a flame port 51 of an appropriate diameter is used, and the number and arrangement interval of the burners 15 are appropriately set so as to obtain a hydrogen flame F of a desired size as a whole.

All burners 15 are supplied with hydrogen from a gas supply pipe 52. Hydrogen is supplied in a state of 100 vol% until it leaves the burner 15, where it undergoes diffusion combustion.

Further, the burner 15 may be provided with baffle plates 53 spaced apart from each other in the injection direction of the flame port 51 at the upper end, as shown in FIG. The baffle plate 53 makes the direction and manner in which the hydrogen flame F emerges different from the case without the baffle plate 53.

The baffle plate 53a shown in FIG. 4(a) mainly changes the direction in which the hydrogen flame F comes out, as shown in FIG. The burner 15 is held by a support fitting 54. The angle and size of the baffle plate 53a are set appropriately.

The baffle plate 53b shown in FIG. is held by the burner 15. The size and shape of the baffle plate 53b are set appropriately. The baffle plate 53b shown in FIG. 4(b) has a disk shape, and is formed in a size that blocks the flame port 51 in a plan view. As shown by the arrow, the hydrogen flame F rises upward from the entire circumference except for the area having the support fitting 54.

The coloring section 17 includes a plurality of spray nozzles 71 that spray a colored liquid exhibiting a flame reaction, and a plurality of spray nozzles 71 are provided at positions adjacent to the burner 15 . The spray nozzle 71 has a plurality of spray ports 71a arranged in an annular shape, and is provided with the spray ports 71a facing upward.

The colored parts 17 are arranged at positions surrounded by the burners 15, and in this example, they are arranged at four locations between the circumferential part 15A and the inner part 15B formed by the plurality of burners 15. . As schematically shown in FIG. 3, a tank 72 for storing a colored liquid is connected to the spray nozzle 71 via a liquid supply path 73, and the spray nozzle 71 is supplied with an appropriate compressed air pressure and an appropriate pressure. The structure is such that spraying is performed at a liquid pressure of .

The liquid supply path 73 is equipped with at least one tank 72 . When a plurality of tanks 72 are provided, each tank 72 preferably stores a colored liquid that exhibits a flame reaction of a different color. In this case, the liquid supply path 73 is provided with appropriate switching means (not shown) such as a solenoid valve for switching the colored liquid to be supplied.

Examples of coloring liquids include sodium carbonate for yellow coloring, cesium carbonate for blue-purple coloring, lithium carbonate for red coloring, and potassium carbonate for reddish-purple coloring. To color green, ammonium borate is used, and to color orange, an aqueous solution of calcium acetate is used. In this way, since carbonates are mainly used in the coloring liquid and chlorides are not used as in conventional methods, harmful chlorine-based gases and fine particulate matter generated by combustion can be suppressed.

An entrainment suppressing means 74 is provided around the spray nozzle 71 in the radial direction, and is located in an air entrainment flow path that occurs when the spray nozzle 71 sprays. The air entrainment channel is mainly formed on the outer peripheral surface of the spray nozzle 71, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3, and the air in the air entrainment channel flows toward the spray port 71a at the tip of the spray nozzle 71.

The entrainment suppressing means 74 is configured of at least one of a flange-like part 74a projecting toward the outer periphery or a wall-like part having a shape surrounding the outer periphery. The entrainment suppressing means 74 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 is a flange-like portion 74a. The brim-shaped portion 74a is a plate-shaped portion having an appropriately large size and an appropriate shape, and blocks air moving toward the spray port 71a along the outer circumferential surface of the spray nozzle 71 in the air entrainment flow path, and also blocks air flowing from the outer circumferential direction. Reduce entrained air.

The brim portion 74a in the illustrated example has a disk shape, and is provided at a position opposite to the spraying direction of the spraying port 71a at the tip of the spraying nozzle 71 and close to the spraying port 71a.

Such entrainment suppressing means 74 suppresses the narrowing of the spray angle of the colored liquid sprayed from the spray nozzle 71, or widens the spray angle to perform wide-angle spraying (suppression of such narrowing of the spray angle). (hereinafter referred to as ``widening the spray angle''). As a result, the spray range (spray diameter or spray width) by the spray nozzle 71 becomes wider.
In order to verify this, several tests were conducted as follows.

As shown in FIG. 6, water was sprayed with the spray nozzle 71 directed upward, and the spray angle θ° was examined under various conditions.

The spray nozzle 71 was of a pressurized two-fluid type. Specifically, an empty conical nozzle BIMK6004 manufactured by Ikeuchi Co., Ltd. was used, and the liquid (water) pressure was set to 0.1 MPa (based on atmospheric pressure; the same applies hereinafter).

Water is sprayed using this spray nozzle 71, and the spray diameter Lmm at a position 100 mm ahead from the spray nozzle 71a is measured as shown in FIG. 6, and the spray angle θ° is calculated based on this. The calculation formula is as follows.
θ=2・arctan(b/a)
Here, a is the distance <100> from the spray nozzle 71a to the position where the spray diameter Lmm is measured, and b is half the spray diameter Lmm <L/2>.

The test contents are shown below.
<Test 1> The compressed air pressure MPa (0.2, 0.3, 0.4) of the spray nozzle 71 and the entrainment suppressing means 74, here a flange-shaped portion 74a (circular in plan view shown in FIG. 7A) ( Diameter φ100mm).
<Test 2> The presence or absence of the entrainment suppressing means 74, here a flange-like part 74a shown in FIG. .

However, as shown in FIG. 6, the entire area with the spray nozzle 71a is exposed and a few mm below the spray nozzle 71a is defined as "high", and the position 4 mm lower than the "high" position is defined as "middle". A position 8 mm lower than the "middle" position is defined as "low". The high position, middle position, and low position are the positions of the upper surface of the brim portion 74a.
<Test 3> Entrainment suppressing means 74, here the presence or absence of a flange-like portion 74a and the diameter φmm (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 90, 100, 120) of the flange-like portion 74a.
<Test 4> The entrainment suppressing means 74, specifically, the flange-like part 74a shown in FIG. The height hmm (15, 20, 30) of the wall portion 74b and the presence or absence of the wall portion 74b.

However, as shown in FIG. 7B, the height hmm of the wall portion 74b is the height from the upper surface of the brim portion 74a.

The results of each test are as follows.

<Test 1>
Three types of compressed air pressure were used: 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, and 0.4 MPa. The height of the entrainment suppressing means 74 (diameter φ100) consisting of the brim portion 74a from the spray nozzle 71a was set to the "high" position.

As a result, as shown in Table 1, without the entrainment suppressing means 74 consisting of the brim portion 74a, the spray angle was 53° when the compressed air pressure was 0.2 MPa, and the spray angle was 53° when the compressed air pressure was 0.3 MPa. The angle is 53°. In the case of 0.4 MPa, the spray angle was narrowed to 43°.

On the other hand, in the case of having the entrainment suppressing means 74 (diameter φ100) consisting of the brim portion 74a, the angles were 84°, 77°, and 77° at 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, and 0.4 MPa, respectively.

このことから、噴霧ノズル７１の圧搾空気圧が小さいほど噴霧角が大きくなることと、鍔状部７４ａからなる巻き込み抑制手段７４を備える方が噴霧角を大きくできることがわかる。ただし、圧搾空気圧を下げると噴霧量も大きくなる。

From this, it can be seen that the smaller the compressed air pressure of the spray nozzle 71 is, the larger the spray angle becomes, and that the spray angle can be increased by providing the entrainment suppressing means 74 consisting of the brim portion 74a. However, lowering the compressed air pressure also increases the amount of spray.

<Test 2>
The compressed air pressure was 0.3 MPa. The height of the entrainment suppressing means 74 consisting of the brim portion 74a from the spray nozzle 71a was set at the "high" position.

As a result, as shown in Table 2, when the diameter φ of the brim 74a is 100 mm, the spray angle is 77° when the position is "high", 61° when the position is "medium", and 61° when the position is "medium". "Low" was 53°. When the diameter φ of the brim portion 74a was 120 mm, the spray angle was 77° when the position was “high”, and 70° and 61° when the position was “medium” and “low”, respectively.

このことから、鍔状部７４ａからなる巻き込み抑制手段７４の高さ（取り付け位置）が、噴霧ノズル７１の噴霧口７１ａに近いほど、噴霧角が大きくなることが判る。

From this, it can be seen that the closer the height (attachment position) of the entrainment suppressing means 74 made of the brim-shaped portion 74a is to the spray port 71a of the spray nozzle 71, the larger the spray angle becomes.

In addition, when compared with the results in Test 1, the spray angle is 53° when the compressed air pressure is 0.3 MPa and there is no flange-like part 74a, and the attachment position is "low" with the flange-like part 74a with a diameter of 100 mm in Table 2. It can be seen that the spray angle is the same as in the case of . From this, it can be determined that when the flange-shaped portion 74a has a diameter of 100 mm and the attachment position is "low", it hardly contributes to widening the spray angle.

<Test 3>
The compressed air pressure was 0.3 MPa, and the attachment position of the brim 74a was set to "high".

As a result, as shown in Table 3, the spray angle was 53° without the brim 74a, and 61° when the diameter φ of the brim 74a was 20 mm. Similarly, the spray angle was 70° in the case of diameter φ30 mm, diameter φ40 mm, diameter φ50 mm, and diameter φ60 mm, and the spray angle was 77° in the case of diameter φ70 mm, diameter φ90 mm, diameter φ100 mm, and diameter φ120 mm.

このことから、少なくとも鍔状部７４ａの取り付け位置が「高」の場合には、鍔状部７４ａの径が大きいほど、噴霧角が大きくなることが判る。

From this, it can be seen that at least when the attachment position of the flange-like part 74a is "high", the larger the diameter of the flange-like part 74a, the larger the spray angle becomes.

<Test 4>
The compressed air pressure was 0.3 MPa, and the attachment position of the brim 74a was set to "high".

As a result, as shown in Table 4, the spray angle is 77° without the wall portion 74b (h=0 mm), 95° with 15 mm, 100° with 20 mm, Even in the case of 30 mm, the angle was 100°. In the case of 30 mm, as a result of the spray liquid colliding with the wall-shaped portion 74b, a liquid pool was observed within the entrainment suppressing means 74.

このことから、壁状部７４ｂを有し、壁状部７４ｂが高い方が、噴霧角が大きくなることが判る。また、壁状部７４ｂの高さが高くなると、噴霧液が壁状部７４ｂに衝突して巻き込み抑制手段７４内に液溜まりが発生するので、壁状部７４ｂの高さは噴霧角を考慮して設定すると良いことも判る。

From this, it can be seen that the spray angle becomes larger when the wall-like portion 74b is provided and the wall-like portion 74b is higher. Furthermore, if the height of the wall portion 74b increases, the sprayed liquid will collide with the wall portion 74b and a liquid pool will be generated within the entrainment suppressing means 74. Therefore, the height of the wall portion 74b should be determined in consideration of the spray angle. It is also found that it is better to set it as follows.

From the above test results, it can be said that the entrainment suppressing means 74 can widen the spray angle of the spray nozzle 71.

In the coloring section 17 equipped with the entrainment suppressing means 74 as described above, the spray angle can be widened, so the spray range can be expanded, and the hydrogen flame F can be colored widely and reliably. Therefore, the flame Fa can be made to look larger, and the flame color density can also be improved, and as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to obtain a large flame Fa that emits a desired color.

Furthermore, since the hydrogen flame F is colored by spraying the colored liquid, the colored combustion state can be maintained for a long time as long as the colored liquid continues to be supplied. In addition, when using a coloring member made of a porous material, since it is a solid material, it is necessary to transport it and prepare it for the equipment, but since the present invention uses a liquid coloring liquid, it can be used anywhere as long as the coloring liquid can be supplied. and easy to handle.
In the above test, a nozzle that sprays in the shape of an empty cone was used, but a nozzle that sprays in the shape of a fan or a full cone may also be used. In the case of a fan-shaped nozzle, spraying of the colored liquid outside the hydrogen combustion device 11 can be reduced. In addition, since the colored liquid can be sprayed onto the hydrogen flame in a more narrowed form, it is also possible to color only a pair of burners depending on the positional relationship with the burners, and it is possible to produce a hydrogen flame F that is different from the empty conical one. can.

When a plurality of types of colored liquids are provided, the color of the flame Fa can be easily changed by simply switching the liquid supply path 73. Therefore, the effect of the flame Fa can be effectively performed.

Further, since the spray nozzle 71 is provided surrounded by a plurality of burners 15 and also sprays the colored liquid at a wide angle, from this point of view as well, the hydrogen flame F emitted from the burner 15 is Can be colored effectively.
Contrary to the above, the spray nozzles may be arranged so as to surround the burner. In this case, by changing the same or different types of coloring liquids simultaneously or continuously, the hydrogen flame F can be colored in a wider variety of ways.

When a baffle plate 53 is provided in the injection direction of the flame port 51 of the burner 15 that emits the hydrogen flame F, it moves the hydrogen flame F to the spray nozzle 71 side to encourage contact with the sprayed colored liquid or to prevent the hydrogen flame F from being emitted. By changing the movement of the hydrogen flame F, it is possible to obtain the flame Fa in a desired manner.

The above configuration is one form for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to only the above-described configuration, and other configurations may also be adopted.

For example, the entrainment suppressing means 74 may be formed only of the wall portion 74b if entrainment of air from the lower part of the burner 15 can be reduced. The shape of the wall portion 74b may be other than the above-mentioned cylindrical shape, such as a rectangular tube shape, a substantially conical cross-sectional shape, a trapezoid, or a round bottom shape.

Further, the flange-like portion 74a of the entrainment suppressing means 74 can have various shapes, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the circular shape in plan view as described above. FIG. 8(a) shows a flange-like portion 74a that is rectangular in plan view, and FIG. 8(b) shows a flange-like portion 74a that is cloud-shaped in plan view surrounded by a curved line like a cloud-shaped ruler. In addition to varying the external shape, as shown in FIG. 8(c), a flange-like portion 74a having elongated triangular slits 75 at appropriate positions may be used. Since the spray angle cannot be widened in the area having the slit 75, the spray mode can be partially varied in the circumferential direction. If the position of the slit 75 is made to correspond to the spray port 71a, it is possible to dilute the area where the spray tends to be dense.

The baffle plates 53 provided in the burners 15 may be provided not only in all the burners 15 but also in some parts.

11... Hydrogen combustion device 15... Burner 17... Colored part 51... Flame port 53... Baffle plate 71... Spray nozzle 71a... Spray port 74... Entrainment suppressing means 74a... Flange-shaped part 74b... Wall-shaped part F... Hydrogen flame

Claims (6)

A hydrogen combustion device comprising a burner that burns hydrogen to generate a hydrogen flame, and a coloring section that colors the hydrogen flame,
The colored part is provided at a position adjacent to the burner, and is configured with a spray nozzle that sprays only the colored liquid exhibiting a flame color reaction with compressed air ,
A hydrogen combustion apparatus comprising an air entrainment suppressing means located only around the radial direction of the spray nozzle in an air entrainment flow path that occurs when the spray nozzle sprays. 2. The hydrogen combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the entrainment suppressing means is at least one of a flange-shaped part projecting in an outer circumferential direction and a wall-shaped part surrounding the outer periphery. The entrainment suppressing means is a flange-shaped portion projecting in an outer circumferential direction,
2. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the brim portion is provided on a side opposite to a spray direction from a spray port at a tip of the spray nozzle. The entrainment suppressing means includes a flange-shaped portion projecting in the outer circumferential direction and a wall-shaped portion surrounding the outer periphery;
2. The hydrogen combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the wall portion is formed on a surface of the brim portion on the spraying direction side of the spray nozzle. A plurality of the burners are provided,
The hydrogen combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spray nozzle is provided surrounded by the burner. The hydrogen combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising baffle plates spaced apart from each other in the injection direction of the flame port of the burner.

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