JP7360168B2 - Composite yarn and woven and knitted fabrics using the yarn - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a composite yarn and a woven or knitted fabric using the composite yarn. More specifically, by using a water-soluble yarn as a core yarn and a plurality of filament yarns or spun yarns as a sheath yarn, and changing the covering direction in which the core yarn is wound with respect to the direction of the first twist of the sheath yarn, different elasticity can be achieved. The present invention relates to a composite yarn having the following properties and a stretchable woven or knitted fabric made using the composite yarn.

As a technique for imparting elasticity using spun yarn, composite twisted yarn, which is a combination of spun yarn and polyurethane elastic yarn, is widely used. However, polyurethane elastic yarn requires special equipment and advanced techniques when handling the yarn and when weaving and knitting. Further, polyurethane elastic threads have problems such as being susceptible to deterioration over time due to heat, light, etc.

Therefore, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a manufacturing technology for composite twisted yarn that can produce woven or knitted fabrics that have high elasticity without using polyurethane elastic yarns and also have excellent properties such as lightness, flexibility, and texture. is disclosed.

The technology described in Patent Document 1 uses spun yarn and water-soluble yarn at a specific mass ratio, twists both yarns in a twisting direction opposite to the twisting direction (first twist) of the spun yarn, and A specific composite twisted yarn is produced by adjusting the number of twists of the spun yarn and the ratio of the number of twists when both yarns are twisted together within a specific range. A woven or knitted fabric is made from the resulting composite twisted yarn, and the water-soluble yarns in the woven or knitted fabric are dissolved in water and removed.

According to the technology described in Patent Document 1, since the yarn length of the spun yarn is longer than that of the water-soluble yarn, after the water dissolution treatment, stretchability is obtained by that length, and the water-soluble yarn further dissolves. A gap is created between the fibers, and the threads are forced to shrink further to fill the gap, resulting in high elasticity of the fabric. As a result, the fabric is fluffy, has a good feel and feel, and has excellent properties such as lightness and breathability.

Similar to the technology described in Patent Document 1 below, the technology described in Patent Document 2 has high elasticity without using polyurethane elastic yarn, and has excellent properties such as lightness, flexibility, and texture. The present invention discloses a technology for manufacturing composite yarns that can produce woven and knitted fabrics with excellent quality.

The technology described in Patent Document 2 uses two or more spun yarns and twists the two or more spun yarns and water-soluble yarn in a direction opposite to the twisting direction of the spun yarns to newly manufacture a composite twisted yarn. Then, a woven or knitted fabric is made using this composite twisted yarn, and the water-soluble yarns in the woven or knitted fabric are dissolved and removed with water.

According to the technology described in Patent Document 2, when a composite twisted yarn is produced by twisting two or more spun yarns with a water-soluble yarn, the number of twists when manufacturing the composite twisted yarn is equal to that of one spun yarn. To obtain a composite twisted yarn with excellent handling properties and strength during weaving, knitting and weaving, etc., even if the amount is smaller than when manufacturing a composite twisted yarn from water-soluble yarn, and to reduce the number of twists when manufacturing the composite twisted yarn. This improves the twisting efficiency during the production of composite twisted yarns and increases productivity.

The technology described in Patent Document 3 uses water-soluble fibers such as polyvinyl alcohol fibers as core yarns, spirally winds raw silk or silk yarns as sheath yarns, and further winds the winding direction in the opposite direction on top of this. A covered yarn is formed by winding multiple layers in layers, and then this covered yarn is scoured or dyed at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the water-soluble fibers to dissolve the water-soluble fibers of the core yarn. The present invention relates to a method for producing processed silk yarn.

According to the technique described in Patent Document 3, silk thread is wound in multiple layers in a spiral shape to form a hollow shape, and the winding direction of each of the superimposed layers is reversed, so that the silk thread has little elasticity. By increasing the elasticity of silk thread, it is possible to diversify knitting patterns. In addition, the knitted fabric obtained by knitting and weaving using this processed silk yarn retains the luster of silk, has excellent bulk and weight reduction, and has a soft texture, making it possible to manufacture silk knitted fabrics for a variety of uses. This means that it is possible.

Here, the technology described in Patent Document 1 twists a spun yarn and a water-soluble yarn in a twisting direction opposite to the twisting direction of the spun yarn, and at that time, adjusts the number of twists of the spun yarn and twists both yarns. A specific composite twisted yarn is produced by setting the ratio of the number of twists in a specific range, and the technology described in Patent Document 2 uses two or more spun yarns and A composite twisted yarn is produced by twisting the above spun yarn and water-soluble yarn in a direction opposite to the twisting direction of the spun yarn.

That is, both the technique described in Patent Document 1 and the technique described in Patent Document 2 produce composite twisted yarn by twisting spun yarn and water-soluble yarn. Here, twisting means twisting or twisting yarns, and the composite twisted yarn is a twisted yarn.

When spun yarn and water-soluble yarn are strongly twisted together (twisted together), so-called kinks, such as tangles and entanglements of the spun yarn, occur. Further, there is a problem in that the spun yarn wraps around or becomes curly, which is so-called curling. Composite twisted yarns with characteristics of kinks and curls have the problem that defects such as yarn breakage, fuzz, and streaks occur during the production of woven or knitted fabrics, resulting in poor productivity and the inability to produce good woven fabrics.

The technology described in Patent Document 3 uses water-soluble fibers such as polyvinyl alcohol fibers as core yarns, spirally winds raw silk or silk yarns as sheath yarns, and further winds the winding direction in the opposite direction on top of this. A covered yarn is formed by winding multiple layers of yarn. For this reason, when spun yarn and water-soluble yarn are strongly twisted together (twisted together) as in the techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, problems such as so-called kinks, such as tangles and entanglements of the spun yarn, occur. There are few.

However, with the technique described in Patent Document 3, it is possible to produce a stretchable silk thread and a stretchable silk fabric using the silk thread, but it is possible to produce a woven or knitted fabric with greater stretchability or a stretchable silk fabric. However, it is not possible to produce woven or knitted fabrics with elasticity that meet various needs, such as woven or knitted fabrics with low elongation and a soft texture, or woven or knitted fabrics with moderate elasticity and a soft texture. , there is a problem. The characteristics required for woven or knitted fabrics differ depending on their use. For example, towels are required to have water absorption above all else, underwear is required to have good feel and breathability, and work clothes are required to have elasticity and stretch back properties. There is a demand for composite yarns with different elasticities depending on needs.

Patent No. 4393357 Patent No. 4431083 Patent No. 3190314

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to create a composite yarn that is less prone to defects such as yarn breakage, fuzz, and streaks, has elasticity that meets needs, has excellent kickback properties (stretchback properties), and has a good texture and improved texture. It is about providing. Another object of the present invention is to provide a woven or knitted fabric that has elasticity, soft texture, kickback properties, and water absorption properties that meet needs.

In order to solve the above problems, the first invention uses a water-soluble yarn as a core yarn, the direction and number of windings of a sheath yarn A, which becomes a sheath of the core yarn, around the core yarn, and the direction of the first twist of the sheath yarn A. and the number of twists, and select the direction and number of windings of the sheath yarn B, which becomes a sheath of the core yarn, around the core yarn on the sheath yarn A, and the direction and number of times of first twisting of the sheath yarn B, A composite yarn in the form of a covering yarn is formed by sheath yarn A that is additionally twisted or untwisted by winding around the core yarn and sheath yarn B that is additionally twisted or untwisted by winding around the core yarn. ,
In this method, a woven or knitted fabric is produced by processing a woven or knitted fabric using the composite yarn, and the core yarn is dissolved and removed, thereby providing the woven or knitted fabric with elasticity obtained by the additional twisting or untwisting.

The winding direction of the sheath yarn A wound around the core yarn and the first twist direction of the sheath yarn A are the same twisting direction, and the winding direction of the sheath yarn B wound around the core yarn and the winding direction of the sheath yarn B wound around the core yarn are the same. When the sheath yarn B is twisted in the same direction as the first twist direction, the sheath yarn can be twisted more strongly (additional twist). A composite yarn whose sheath yarns are more twisted (additionally twisted) shrinks significantly when the water-soluble yarn is dissolved and removed, and expands when stretched. For the production of woven or knitted fabrics (fabrics) that require great stretchability, a composite yarn in which the first twists of sheath yarn A and sheath yarn B are covered so that they are additionally twisted are suitable.

On the other hand, the winding direction of the sheath yarn A wound around the core yarn and the direction of the first twist of the sheath yarn A are opposite twisting directions, and the sheath yarn B wound around the core yarn By making the winding direction of the sheath yarn B and the first twisting direction of the sheath yarn B opposite to each other, the twist of the sheath yarn B can be weakly twisted (untwisted). A composite yarn whose sheath yarns are less twisted (untwisted) is slightly elongated by dissolving and removing the water-soluble yarns. A woven or knitted fabric using such a composite yarn is suitable for a woven or knitted fabric that has a soft texture rather than stretchability.

The winding direction of the sheath yarn A wound around the core yarn and the first twisting direction of the sheath yarn A are the same twisting direction, and the winding direction of the sheath yarn B wound around the core yarn is the same twisting direction. The first twist direction of the sheath yarn B is opposite, or the winding direction of the sheath yarn A wound around the core yarn is opposite to the first twist direction of the sheath yarn A, and By setting the winding direction of the sheath yarn B wound around the core yarn and the first twisting direction of the sheath yarn B to be the same twisting direction, the sheath yarn A is additionally twisted or untwisted, and the sheath yarn B is untwisted. Alternatively, an additionally twisted composite yarn can be obtained. Therefore, for producing woven or knitted fabrics (fabrics) that have moderate elasticity and soft texture when stretched, a composite yarn that is covered so that one sheath yarn is twisted and the other sheath yarn is untwisted is suitable. be.

In order to solve the above problems, the second inventionA water-soluble thread is used as a core thread, and a sheath thread A that becomes a sheath of the core thread is wound in the S direction or a Z direction a predetermined number of times, and a sheath thread B that becomes a sheath of the core thread is wound on top of the sheath thread A. A composite yarn is wound in the S direction or the Z direction a predetermined number of times, and the sheath yarn A and the sheath yarn B are in the form of covering yarns to produce a woven or knitted fabric, and the core yarn is A method for controlling the elasticity of a woven or knitted material produced by dissolving and removing the material, the method comprising:
The direction and number of windings of the sheath yarn A to be wound around the core yarn and the direction and number of times of first twisting of the sheath yarn A are selected, and the sheath yarn A is twisted or untwisted by winding it around the core yarn. death,
By selecting the direction and number of windings of the sheath yarn B to be wound around the core yarn on the sheath yarn A, and the direction and number of times of first twisting of the sheath yarn B, and winding the sheath yarn B around the core yarn, the sheath yarn is wound around the core yarn. Add and untwist B,
This is a method for controlling the elasticity of a woven or knitted material, in which the elasticity of the woven or knitted material is controlled by the additional twisting or untwisting.
.

As mentioned above, when the core yarn of the composite yarn obtained by winding (covering) the core yarn, which is a water-soluble yarn, so that it is additionally twisted, the core yarn of the composite yarn is dissolved and removed, due to the additional twisting effect of the sheath yarn. The composite yarn from which the core yarn has been removed greatly shrinks, and when tension is applied to it, the length of the yarn increases significantly due to the additional twisting effect and the covering effect. Woven and knitted fabrics manufactured using composite yarns having these characteristics can be obtained by increasing the yarn length of sheath yarn A and sheath yarn B by winding them a predetermined number of times and by adding twisting effects of sheath yarn A and sheath yarn B. Stretchable.

When the core yarn of the composite yarn obtained by winding (covering) the core yarn, which is a water-soluble yarn, is untwisted and removed, the core yarn is removed due to the untwisting effect of the sheath yarn. The length of the composite yarn increases due to the untwisting effect of the sheath yarn. When tension is applied to this, the length of the covering effect increases. A woven or knitted fabric manufactured using a composite yarn having such characteristics is obtained by increasing the length of sheath yarn A and sheath yarn B by winding the yarn a predetermined number of times and by untwisting the sheath yarn A and sheath yarn B. It has elasticity, flexibility, and a fluffy texture.

Composite yarn obtained by winding (covering) the core yarn, which is a water-soluble yarn, so that sheath yarn A is additionally twisted (covering), and winding (covering) so that sheath yarn B is untwisted. When the core yarn is dissolved and removed, the additional twisting effect of the sheath yarn becomes more dominant than the untwisting effect, causing it to shrink slightly. Woven or knitted fabrics made from composite yarns having these characteristics can be made into woven fabrics (fabrics) with appropriate stretchability and soft texture.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of manufacturing a composite yarn according to an embodiment of the present invention. While the core thread (water-soluble thread) was pulled up in the direction of the bobbin 11 of the sheath thread A by the winding bobbin 13, the sheath thread A was wound (covered) in the Z direction, and the sheath thread A was wound. The sheath yarn B is wound (covered) around the core yarn (water-soluble yarn) in the S direction to produce a composite yarn. In this embodiment, spun yarns were used for the sheath yarns A and B, but filament yarns may be used instead of the spun yarns.

In this specification, the winding direction (covering direction) when winding the sheath yarn around the water-soluble yarn is referred to as top twist, and the twisting direction of the sheath yarn is referred to as first twist. If the first twist of the spun yarn A, which is the sheath yarn, is in the Z direction, the first twist is in the Z direction, so the first twist and the second twist are in the same direction, and this means that the twist of the spun yarn A is added (additional twist). , if the first twist of the spun yarn A is in the S direction, the twist is untwisted (untwisted). In this specification, increasing the initial twist (increasing the number of initial twists) is referred to as additional twisting, and weakening the initial twist (reducing the number of initial twists) is referred to as untwisting. The same applies to spun yarn B below.

If the first twist of the spun yarn B is in the S direction, the spun yarn B is covered by the core yarn in the S direction, so that the spun yarn B is additionally twisted. Since the spun yarn A is additionally twisted and the spun yarn B is also additionally twisted, the covering form becomes additional twisting and additional twisting. This is referred to as additional twisting in this specification. Note that the number of coverings of the core yarn of the composite yarn refers to the number of times the sheath yarn (spun yarn, filament yarn) is wound around the core yarn (water-soluble yarn).

The sheath yarn wound around the core yarn is, for example, a spun yarn made of naturally twisted fibers such as wool, cotton, hemp, and silk. The sheath yarn may be any yarn formed from fibers that do not dissolve in water (hot water). For example, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polypropylene fibers, acrylic fibers, water (hot water) insoluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyvinylidene chloride fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, recycled fibers such as rayon and cupro, The sheath yarn may be either a single sheath yarn made of one type of naturally twisted fiber such as hair, cotton, linen, or silk, or a mixed sheath yarn made of two or more of the above-mentioned fibers.

The number of coverings of the composite yarn is preferably 0.2 to 3 times, more preferably 0.5 to 2 times, the number of twists of the spun yarn (the number of twists of the first twist). It is preferable to set the number of twists depending on the use of the woven or knitted fabric. Water-soluble yarns include yarns that dissolve in water (hot water) at temperatures up to the boiling temperature of water (approximately 100°C) under atmospheric pressure. It is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of removal when dissolving and removing with water, ease of handling, etc.

Examples of the fibers constituting the water-soluble thread include water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers, water-soluble ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer fibers, and water-soluble polyamide fibers. Among these, water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers and water-soluble ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer fibers are preferred from the viewpoint of high solubility in water (hot water), biodegradability, easy availability, and the like.

The thickness of the water-soluble yarn should be 31 dtex to 2200 dtex, especially 110 dtex to 660 dtex, for ease of twisting with the sheath yarn, strength of the composite yarn, reduction of spun fuzz, and improvement of the woven and knitted fabrics formed from the composite yarn. It is preferable from the viewpoints of ease of dissolving and removing the water-soluble threads and imparting stretchability to the fabric after dissolving the water-soluble threads. The proportion of the sheath yarn and water-soluble yarn in the composite yarn of the present invention, and whether the covering is additional/additional twist, untwisted/untwisted, additional/untwisted, or untwisted/additional twist are determined by the woven or knitted fabric made of the composite yarn. It is preferable to adjust the amount depending on the use of the yarn, the type of spun yarn, the type of water-soluble yarn, etc.

In general, if the number of coverings is small, the elasticity of the composite yarn and the woven or knitted fabric obtained from it will be low, while if it is too large, the force that tends to shrink the sheath yarn will be too strong. Therefore, yarn breakage occurs frequently during covering, making it difficult to obtain the composite yarn of the present invention, and even if a composite yarn is obtained, processability during weaving and weaving is likely to be poor.

FIG. 2 shows a water-soluble yarn 100 as a core yarn, a spun yarn 110 as a sheath yarn wound around it in the Z direction (counterclockwise) (covering: FIG. 2(a)), and a spun yarn 120 as a sheath yarn wound around it (covering: FIG. 2(a)). FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing that the composite yarn of the present invention is formed by winding (covering: FIG. 2(b)) in the S direction (clockwise). In the winding (covering) shown in FIG. 2, since the winding directions of the spun yarn 110 and the spun yarn 120 are opposite, the twisting torque of the composite yarn generated in the covering is offset. As a result, it is possible to obtain a composite yarn with less so-called curls, such as tangles and entanglements, and less so-called curls, such as spun yarns wrapping around or curling.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the strength of the twist produced in the sheath yarn depending on the direction of the first twist and covering of the spun yarn, which is the sheath yarn. The sheath yarn is a bundle of fibers that is twisted and put together, and the twist in either the S direction or the Z direction occurs as the first twist. When covered in the same direction as the first twist direction of the spun yarn, the twist of the sheath yarn (spun yarn) is additionally twisted, resulting in a strongly twisted sheath yarn (spun yarn). In highly twisted spun yarn, the twisted fibers become tight and dense, making the yarn thinner and stiffer, and shrinking due to the added twist. On the other hand, when the sheath yarn (spun yarn) is covered in the opposite direction to the first twist, it is untwisted, the fibers untwist and become fluffy, the yarn becomes thicker and weaker, and the yarn stretches as the twist is untwisted. It becomes a sheath yarn (spun yarn).

A feature of the present invention is that it provides a composite yarn with elasticity that meets needs, and a woven or knitted fabric using such a composite yarn. Here, the factors that change the elasticity of the composite yarn are: Factor 1: The length of the sheath yarn wound per unit length of the core yarn, Factor 2: The twist strength of the sheath yarn (strength of the first twist) There are two.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the above-mentioned factor 1: the difference in elongation due to the difference in the length of the sheath yarn wound per unit length of the core yarn. As shown in FIG. 4(a), the length of the sheath thread wound around the core thread of the same diameter increases as the number of windings (number of times of covering) increases. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4(b), when a certain tension is applied to the composite yarn whose core yarn has been dissolved and removed (it is no longer fixed to the core yarn), the number of times it is wound (the number of times it is covered) increases. The more the thread length becomes longer (stretches).

FIG. 5 shows the composite yarn due to the above-mentioned factor 2: additional twisting effect and untwisting effect caused by the combination of the twisting (first twisting) direction and the winding direction (first twisting direction: covering direction) of the sheath yarn 110. It is a figure showing a length change. The additional/additional twist composite yarn, which is wound (covered) in the direction in which both sheath yarns are additionally twisted, shrinks significantly due to the additional twisting effect of the sheath yarns when the core yarn is dissolved and removed.
The untwisted and untwisted composite yarn, which is wound (covered) in the direction in which both sheath yarns are untwisted, elongates due to the untwisting effect of the sheath yarn when the core yarn is dissolved and removed. In a composite yarn of additional and untwisted yarn, which is wound (covered) in the direction in which one of the sheath yarns is added and the other is untwisted, when the core yarn is dissolved and removed, the sheath yarn is The additional twisting effect is more dominant than the untwisting effect, resulting in slight shrinkage.

FIGS. 6 to 8 are diagrams showing changes in yarn length of composite yarns due to the effects of factors 1 and 2 described above, and characteristics of woven fabrics manufactured using such composite yarns. Figure 6 shows the characteristics of a fabric woven using composite yarns, in which the core yarn 100 is covered with the spun yarn 110 as the sheath yarn by additional twisting, and the spun yarn 120, which is the sheath yarn, is also covered by additional twisting. It is a diagram. As shown in FIG. 6(a), when the core thread 100 of the water-soluble yarn is melted, the composite yarn covered by additional twisting has great elasticity as shown in FIG. 5(a). When the water-soluble core yarn 100 is dissolved from a fabric woven using such a composite yarn, the composite yarn contracts and the width shrinks as shown in FIG. 6(b) (original width of 82 cm becomes 57 cm: -29%). When a woven fabric in a contracted state is pulled in the transverse direction, it expands beyond the width of the woven fabric, that is, a woven fabric (fabric) with high elasticity can be produced.

Figure 7 shows the characteristics of a fabric woven using composite yarns, in which the core yarn 100 is covered with the spun yarn 110 as the sheath yarn by untwisting, and the spun yarn 120, which is the sheath yarn, is also covered by untwisting. It is a diagram. As shown in Figure 7(a), when the core yarn 100 of the water-soluble yarn is dissolved, the composite yarn covered by unraveling and untwisting becomes longer due to the untwisting effect of the sheath yarn, as shown in Figure 7(a). grows. When the water-soluble core yarn 100 is dissolved from a fabric woven using such a composite yarn, the fabric stretches by the amount that the sheath yarn is untwisted (the original width is 82 cm to 88 cm: 7%), as shown in Figure 7(b). ). When pulled in the weft direction, the fabric stretches further due to the covering effect. It is possible to create fabrics that are flexible and have a fluffy texture.

Figure 8 is a diagram showing the characteristics of a fabric woven using composite yarns in which the core yarn 100 is covered with the spun yarn 110 as the sheath yarn by additional twisting, and the spun yarn 120, which is the sheath yarn, is covered by untwisting. It is. As shown in FIG. 8(a), when the core yarn 100 of the water-soluble yarn is dissolved in the composite yarn covered by additional twisting and untwisting, the spun yarn in the additional twisting direction becomes additionally twisted as shown in FIG. 8(a). Shrinks by . When the water-soluble core yarn 100 is dissolved from a fabric woven using such a composite yarn, the spun yarn in the additional twist direction of the composite yarn shrinks as shown in FIG. 8(b) (the original width of 82 cm becomes 78 cm: -5 %). When a contracted fabric is pulled in the weft direction, the fabric stretches by the amount of shrinkage due to additional twisting and the effect of covering. It is possible to create textiles (fabrics) with appropriate elasticity and soft texture.

As described above, a woven or knitted fabric (fabric) with desired elasticity can be produced by combining the direction of the first twist of the sheath yarn and the direction of the covering. Moreover, the woven and knitted fabrics obtained from such composite yarns have many advantages such as high water absorption and good skin feel, and by taking advantage of these properties, they can be used for medical purposes such as sports clothing, underwear, other clothing, and elastic bandages. It can be effectively used for vehicle interior materials and other industrial materials. On the other hand, there is a problem in that the restoring force after stretching is poor. Therefore, synthetic fibers such as heat-setting polyester filament yarns can be used as sheath yarns for composite yarns that have high durability and elasticity. By using heat-setting filament yarn or the like as the sheath yarn, the fabric woven with the composite yarn according to the present technology can have highly durable elasticity with resilience.

The stretchability of the plain weave fabrics produced in the following examples was tested. The test pieces used in the test were one with a warp dimension of 300 mm (length) and a weft dimension of 50 mm (width), and a fabric with a warp dimension of 50 mm and a weft dimension of 300 mm (width). ) Three test pieces were taken from each sample. To measure the elongation rate, "JISL1096: 2010 8.16.1 Elongation rate A method (constant speed elongation method)" was used. Using a tensile testing machine, the test piece is initially loaded with a load (N) (value up to an integer) equivalent to the gravity applied to a length of 1 m across the width of the test piece, and the upper and lower gripping intervals of the test piece are 20 cm. A tensile tester was installed as described above, and a tensile test was conducted at a tensile speed of 200 mm/min. Then, from the obtained load and elongation curve, the elongation rate (%) at a load of 14.7N was determined three times using the formula Ep (elongation rate %) = (L1-L0)/L0 x 100. The average value was taken as the elongation rate (%).
Ep: Elongation rate%
L0: Length of test piece (200mm)
L1: Length of test piece when applying a load of 14.7N

(Example 1)
Example 1 is a test on the elasticity of the spun yarn (sheath yarn) in which the first twist direction and the covering direction are the same direction (additional twist). Polyvinyl alcohol multifilament yarn 660 dtex (dissolved in water at 55° C. or higher) (manufactured by Nichibi Co., Ltd.) was used as the core water-soluble yarn.

As the sheath yarn A and the sheath yarn B, spun yarns with a cotton yarn count of 20 and a twist count of 760 turns/m in the S direction and the Z direction were used. Using the above-mentioned water-soluble yarn as a core yarn, the spun yarns with the first twist in the S direction and the Z direction are supplied to a covering machine, and the number of windings is 400 times/m, and the spun yarn with the first twist in the S direction (sheath yarn A) is covered in the S direction, and the spun yarn with the first twist in the Z direction (sheath yarn B) is covered in the Z direction (in the additional twist direction), and the number of twists is 1160 times/m (S/Z twist). A highly twisted double covering yarn was produced.

Using the obtained composite yarn as warp and weft, a plain weave fabric with a warp of 11 yarns/cm and a weft of 8 yarns/cm was woven using a rapier loom. The plain weave fabric was immersed in hot water at 55°C or higher for 30 minutes (bath ratio 1:30) to dissolve and remove the water-soluble threads forming the plain weave fabric, and then the plain weave fabric was taken out of the water and dried. . When the elongation rates of the obtained plain weave fabric in the warp and weft directions were measured using the above method, the elongation rate in the machine direction was 40% and the elongation rate in the weft direction was 35%, showing high elasticity due to covering in the additional twist direction. It has become a plain weave fabric with

(Example 2)
Example 2 is a test on the elasticity of the spun yarn (sheath yarn) in which the first twisting direction and the covering direction are opposite directions (untwisting/untwisting). Polyvinyl alcohol multifilament yarn 660 dtex (dissolved in water at 55° C. or higher) was used as the core water-soluble yarn.

As the sheath yarn A and the sheath yarn B, yarns with a cotton yarn count of 20, a number of twists of 760 turns/m, and spun in the S direction and the Z direction were used. Using a water-soluble yarn as a core yarn, the spun yarns with the first twist in the S direction and the Z direction are supplied to a covering machine, and the number of windings is 400 turns/m, and the spun yarn with the first twist in the S direction is The spun yarn with the first twist in the Z direction was covered in the S direction (untwisting direction) to produce an untwisted composite yarn with a twist count of 360 times/m.

The resulting composite yarn was used as the warp and weft, and a plain weave fabric with a warp of 11 threads/cm and a weft of 8 threads/cm was woven using a rapier loom. The plain weave fabric is immersed in hot water of 55°C or higher for 30 minutes (bath ratio 1:30) to dissolve and remove the water-soluble threads in the composite yarns forming the fabric, and then the fabric is removed from the water. Dry.

When the elongation rates of the fabric thus obtained in the warp and weft directions were measured using the above method, they were found to be 12% in the machine direction and 11% in the weft direction. Although the elongation rate was low when covering in the untwisting direction, the yarn was untwisted, resulting in a fabric with a fluffy and soft texture.

(Example 3)
Example 3 is a test on the elasticity of the spun yarn (sheath yarn) when the first twisting direction and the covering direction are the same or opposite (additional twisting/untwisting). The core yarn and sheath yarn are the same as in Examples 1 and 2.
Using this water-soluble yarn as a core yarn, sheath yarn A and sheath yarn B whose first twist is in the S direction are respectively supplied to a covering machine, and the number of windings is 400 times/m, and the sheath yarn whose first twist is in the S direction. A is twisted in the S direction, and the sheath yarn B whose first twist is in the S direction is covered in the Z direction, and the number of twists is 1160 times/m (S twist) and 360 times/m (S twist). A composite yarn in the untwisting direction was produced.

Using the resulting composite yarn as the warp and weft, a plain weave fabric with a warp of 11 threads/cm and a weft of 8 threads/cm was woven using a rapier loom. (bath ratio 1:30) for 30 minutes to dissolve and remove the water-soluble threads in the double covering yarn forming the fabric, then the fabric was removed from the water and dried. When the elongation rates of the plain weave fabric thus obtained in the warp and weft directions were measured using the above method, they were found to be 25% in the machine direction and 34% in the weft direction. The fabric has both elasticity due to the additional twisting direction and soft texture due to the untwisting direction.
(Example 4)

Example 4 is a test regarding the number of turns and elasticity of the covering. Note that the first twist direction of the spun yarn (sheath yarn) and the covering direction were the same direction. The specifications of the core yarn, sheath yarn A, and sheath yarn B used are the same as in Examples 1 to 3.

Using this water-soluble yarn as a core yarn, the spun yarns with the first twist in the S direction and the Z direction were supplied to a covering machine, and the winding numbers were set to 200 times/m, 400 times/m, and 600 times/m, respectively. The sheath yarn A with the twist in the S direction was covered in the S direction (additional twist direction), and the sheath yarn B with the first twist in the Z direction was covered in the Z direction (additional twist direction), and the number of twists was 960 times/m. Highly twisted composite yarns with twists of 1160 twists/m and 1360 twists/m were produced.

The thus obtained composite yarn with a winding number of 400 times/m was used as the warp, and the composite yarn with a winding number of 200 times/m, 400 times/m, and 600 times/m was used as the weft, respectively. A plain weave fabric with a warp of 11 threads/cm and a weft of 8 threads/cm was woven using a rapier loom.

The obtained plain weave fabric is immersed in hot water of 55°C or higher for 30 minutes (bath ratio 1:30) to dissolve and remove the water-soluble threads of the composite yarn forming the plain weave fabric, and then the plain weave fabric is soaked in water. It was taken out and dried. When the elongation rate in the weft direction of the plain weave fabric obtained was measured using the above method, it was 28% when the number of turns of the weft yarn was 200 turns/m, 35% when the number of turns of the weft yarn was 400 turns/m, and When the number of turns was 600 times/m (S/Z twist), it was 50%. The results showed that the elongation rate of the fabric increased as the number of turns of the covering increased.

(Comparative example)
As a comparative example, a test was conducted regarding the expansion/contraction rate using a common cotton thread for the weft. The specifications of the warp core yarn and sheath yarn were the same as those used in Examples 1 to 4, and the number of twists was 760 times/m, and the spun yarn (sheath yarn) in the S direction and the Z direction was used.

The water-soluble yarns are used as core yarns for the warp yarns, and the spun yarns (sheath yarns) with the first twist in the S direction and the Z direction are supplied to a covering machine, and the number of turns is 400 turns/m, and the first twist is in the S direction. The sheath yarn is covered in the S direction (additional twist direction), and the spun yarn whose first twist is in the Z direction is covered in the Z direction (additional twist direction), and the number of twists is 1160 times/m. was manufactured.

A plain weave fabric with a warp of 11 threads/cm and a weft of 8 threads/cm was woven using a rapier loom using the obtained composite yarn as the warp and a 20 count double cotton thread as the weft. The fabric was immersed in hot water at a temperature of 0.degree. C. or higher for 30 minutes (bath ratio 1:30) to dissolve and remove the water-soluble yarns of the composite yarn forming the plain weave fabric, and then the fabric was taken out of the water and dried. The elongation rate of the fabric thus obtained in the weft direction was measured using the method described above, and the elongation rate was 5%. The elongation rate was found to be low for fabrics using common cotton threads.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a device for producing a composite yarn of the present invention. The water-soluble yarn is used as a core yarn, the sheath yarn is wound around it in the Z direction (counterclockwise), and the sheath yarn B is wound in the S direction (clockwise), thereby forming the composite yarn of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the strength of the twist produced in the sheath yarn depending on the direction of the first twist and covering of the sheath yarn. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the difference in elongation depending on the number of coverings (number of turns) of covering the core yarn with the sheath yarn. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change in yarn length of a composite yarn depending on a combination of the twisting (first twisting) direction and the winding direction (first twisting direction: covering direction) of the sheath yarn 110. It is a figure showing the characteristics of a fabric woven using a composite yarn in which the core yarn is additionally twisted with the sheath yarn A and the sheath yarn B is also covered with additional twist as the weft yarn. It is a diagram showing the characteristics of a fabric woven using a composite yarn in which sheath yarn A is untwisted as a core yarn and sheath yarn B is also covered by untwisting as a weft yarn. It is a diagram showing the characteristics of a fabric woven using a composite yarn in which the sheath yarn A is added to the core yarn and the sheath yarn B is covered by untwisting as the weft yarn.

10 Water-soluble yarn feeding bobbin 11 Yarn feeding bobbin 12 for sheath yarn A (covering yarn) Yarn feeding bobbin 13 for sheath yarn B (covering yarn) Winding bobbin 100 Water-soluble yarn A
110 Sheath thread B
120 Sheath thread C

Claims (2)

A water-soluble yarn is used as a core yarn, the direction and number of times of winding the sheath yarn A, which becomes a sheath of the core yarn, around the core yarn is selected, and the sheath yarn B, which becomes a sheath of the core yarn, is placed on top of the sheath yarn A. The direction and number of times of winding around the core yarn are selected, and the sheath yarn A is twisted or untwisted by winding it around the core yarn, and the sheath yarn A is twisted or untwisted by winding it around the core yarn. A composite yarn in the form of a covering yarn is formed with additionally twisted or untwisted sheath yarn B, a woven or knitted fabric is produced by processing the composite yarn into a woven or knitted fabric, and the core yarn is dissolved and removed. A method for producing a woven or knitted fabric having an elongation rate obtained by twisting,
The sheath yarn A, which has been first twisted 760 times/m, is wound in the untwisting direction at 400 times/m, and the sheath yarn B, which has been first twisted 760 times/m, is wound in the untwisted direction at 400 times/m. The elongation rate in the machine direction of the woven or knitted material due to the composite yarn formed by spinning is 12% and the elongation rate in the weft direction is 11%,
The sheath yarn A with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction at 400 times/m, and the sheath yarn B with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction with 400 times/m. A method for producing a woven or knitted article, characterized in that the elongation rate in the warp direction of the woven or knitted article is increased to 40% and the elongation rate in the weft direction is increased to 35% by the composite yarn formed by spinning. A water-soluble yarn is used as a core yarn, the direction and number of times of winding the sheath yarn A, which becomes a sheath of the core yarn, around the core yarn is selected, and the sheath yarn B, which becomes a sheath of the core yarn, is placed on top of the sheath yarn A. The direction and number of times of winding around the core yarn are selected, and the sheath yarn A is additionally twisted by winding it around the core yarn, and the sheath yarn B is twisted by winding the sheath yarn B over the sheath yarn A. A composite yarn in the form of a covering yarn is formed with the additionally twisted sheath yarn B, and the composite yarn is processed to produce a woven or knitted fabric, and the core yarn is dissolved and removed. A method for producing a woven or knitted fabric having an elongation rate obtained,
The sheath yarn A with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction at 400 times/m, and the sheath yarn B with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction with 400 times/m. turning to form a first composite yarn;
The sheath yarn A with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction at 200 times/m, and the sheath yarn B with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction with 200 times/m. turning to form a second composite yarn;
The sheath yarn A with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction at 600 times/m, and the sheath yarn B with the number of first twists of 760 times/m is wound in the additional twist direction with 600 times/m. turn to form a third composite thread;
The elongation rate in the weft direction of the woven or knitted fabric obtained by using the first composite yarn as the warp yarn and the second composite yarn as the weft yarn is 28%,
A method for producing a woven or knitted article, characterized in that the elongation of the woven or knitted article obtained by using the first composite yarn as a warp and using the third composite yarn as a weft increases to 50%.

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