JP7363841B2 - Module block shape measurement method, module block shape measurement system, and furnace construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a module block shape measurement method, a module block shape measurement system, and a furnace construction method.

Metallurgical coke used in steelmaking is produced by carbonizing coal in a room-fired coke oven. A room furnace type coke oven is constructed by arranging carbonization chambers and combustion chambers that supply heat to the carbonization chambers alternately in the width direction of the oven. Heat is supplied from the combustion chamber to the carbonization chamber via the regular refractory. Some indoor furnace coke ovens have more than 100 furnace chambers, and such indoor furnace coke ovens can be said to be huge brick structures with a total length of 100 m or more and a height of 10 m or more.

The standard refractories that make up coke ovens are different from bricks for general buildings, and have complex shapes such as rectangles, trapezoids, and L-shapes when viewed from above. Furthermore, the side, top, and bottom surfaces of these regular refractories are sometimes provided with fitting protrusions called dowels to prevent slippage, and fitting recesses called tenons to prevent slippage. Coke ovens are constructed by combining regular refractories with extremely complex shapes.

Due to the complexity of the shape of such regular refractories, the construction of coke ovens is currently carried out by hand construction work by furnace builders. When building a furnace by hand, it is necessary to repeatedly apply mortar to the position where the regular refractories are to be stacked using tools such as a trowel to achieve the specified joint thickness, and then stack the regular refractories on top of the mortar. There is. This requires an extremely high level of skill, as it is necessary to evenly apply mortar to the surface of a regular refractory with a complex shape, but there is always a shortage of skilled furnace builders with such skills. are doing. Furnace construction work, which involves applying mortar and stacking standard refractories by hand, can be said to be extremely hard work.

For the above reasons, there is a need to develop a method for stacking regular refractories efficiently with less manpower.

For example, in Patent Document 1, a module block is manufactured in advance at a location other than the construction site of a coke oven, in which a plurality of brick layers arranged horizontally are stacked vertically in multiple stages, and then transported to the construction site. A method of installation is proposed.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-191064

In the method proposed in Patent Document 1, the module blocks are manufactured at a different location than the coke oven construction site where space is limited, so a sufficient work space can be secured. As a result, in addition to improving work efficiency, it is also easy to automate the stacking of regular refractories and the application of mortar using a robot or the like.

However, as a result of studies conducted by the present inventors, it has been found that the conventional methods such as those disclosed in Patent Document 1 have room for further improvement as described below.

That is, since the regular refractories used in the construction of coke ovens are manufactured by firing, there are variations in dimensions. For example, commonly used standard refractories have a dimensional error of about 1 to 2 mm in diagonal distance in plan view or side view, and the dimensional error differs for each standard refractory. Therefore, even in module blocks obtained by stacking regular refractories, variations in shape occur from one module block to another.

In particular, in a coke oven, coal is inserted into a carbonization chamber and carbonized, and the obtained coke is extruded from the side and discharged, so that the walls of the carbonization chamber are required to have high flatness. Therefore, when manufacturing module blocks, it is conceivable to adjust the stacking method of regular refractories so that the wall surface of the carbonization chamber has the required flatness, but even in that case, the shape may vary in other parts. cannot be completely eliminated.

Due to this variation in the shape of the module blocks, there is a problem in that the accuracy and work efficiency of coke oven construction are reduced. For example, if the distance between the module blocks becomes too small due to variations in shape, the installation accuracy of the module blocks will decrease, and a sufficient thickness of mortar may not be ensured. In particular, when module blocks interfere with each other, it is not possible to stack the module blocks as they are, so it is necessary to modify the module blocks to prevent interference.

However, since the module block installation work is usually performed while the module block is being held by a transportation jig, it is not possible to modify the module block as it is. Therefore, after removing the jig from the module block, it is necessary to shave off the regular refractories that make up the module block, or to disassemble at least a portion of the module block and reload the regular refractories. Such rework is very time-consuming work, and work efficiency is significantly reduced if the rework is performed at the coke oven construction site. On the other hand, if the distance between the module blocks becomes too large, the installation accuracy may decrease, and the gaps between the module blocks must be filled with a large amount of mortar, so it is still difficult to carry out the work. Efficiency decreases.

Therefore, in order to improve accuracy and efficiency in a coke oven construction method using modular blocks, the present inventors have developed a three-dimensional We considered measuring the shape. If the three-dimensional shape of a module block can be accurately measured, it will be possible to optimize the installation position of the module block and to identify module blocks with defective shapes based on the information on the measured shape.

However, since module blocks are manufactured by stacking a plurality of standard refractories, they are relatively large in size. Therefore, it is difficult to measure the overall shape of a module block with one measuring means (such as a sensor). In addition, in the three-dimensional shape measuring method, in principle, the measurement accuracy decreases as the distance from the center of the measurement range increases, so it is not possible to measure a wide range of shapes with high precision. Furthermore, as described above, since there are irregularities called dowels and tenons on the surface of the module block, there is also the problem that it is not possible to obtain shape data of portions that are shadowed when viewed from the sensor.

One possible way to measure the shape over a wide range is to measure the shape of different parts of the module block using a plurality of measuring means and connect the obtained data. However, in order to connect data with high accuracy, it is necessary to correct changes in the position and angle of each measurement method due to changes in temperature, etc., and to accurately match the coordinate systems of shape data obtained by multiple measurement methods. There is. However, with this method, it is necessary to perform calibration many times to maintain accuracy, which reduces the manufacturing efficiency of module blocks.

For the above reasons, there is a need for a measuring method that can accurately and efficiently measure the three-dimensional shape of a module block. In addition, the construction method using modular blocks described above can be applied to the construction of ovens other than coke ovens, but in that case, it is still necessary to accurately and efficiently measure the three-dimensional shape of the module blocks. There is a need for a measurement method that allows for

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a measuring method and a measuring system that can accurately and efficiently measure the three-dimensional shape of a module block.

As a result of studies conducted by the present inventors to solve the above problems, the following findings were obtained.

(1) In order to measure a wide range of shapes, it is conceivable to measure the shapes of different parts of a module block using a plurality of measuring means and connect the obtained data. However, in order to connect multiple pieces of data with high precision, it is necessary to correct for changes in the position of the measuring means due to changes in temperature, etc., and to accurately match the coordinate systems of the shape data obtained by the multiple measuring means. There is. However, since it is necessary to perform calibration many times for this purpose, the manufacturing efficiency of the module block decreases.

(2) It is also conceivable to perform measurements using a plurality of measuring means so as to include overlapping areas, and to connect the data by fitting the data of the overlapping areas. However, since the measurement data of the three-dimensional shape itself contains errors that cannot be ignored, this method cannot connect the data with high accuracy. Furthermore, in this method, errors accumulate as the number of measuring means, that is, the number of pieces of data to be joined increases, so the accuracy decreases significantly when the number of measuring means is large.

(3) On the other hand, by performing shape measurement and correction by fitting using a reference member whose 3D shape data is known, the above problem can be solved and the 3D shape of the module block can be accurately and efficiently It becomes possible to measure

The present invention has been completed based on the above knowledge, and its gist and structure are as follows.

1. A module block shape measuring method for measuring the shape of a module block manufactured by stacking a plurality of regular refractories, the method comprising:
a placement step of arranging a reference member whose three-dimensional shape data is known near the module block to be measured;
a measuring step of obtaining a plurality of three-dimensional shape data by measuring shapes of different parts of the module block using a plurality of measuring means so that at least a part of the reference member is included;
Each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured in the measurement step is corrected by fitting the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data to the known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member. A method for measuring the shape of a module block, the method comprising: a correction step;

2. The module block shape according to 1 above, wherein the measuring means includes a profile sensor that measures the shape by linearly irradiating a laser, and a moving means that moves the profile sensor relatively to the module block. Measuring method.

3. 3. The method for measuring the shape of a module block according to 1 or 2 above, wherein in the measuring step, the shape of at least an upper surface and a lower surface of the module block is measured.

4. A module block shape measurement system that measures the shape of a module block manufactured by stacking a plurality of standard refractories,
a reference member whose three-dimensional shape data is known;
a plurality of measuring means that measure shapes of different parts of the module block so that at least a part of the reference member is included, and obtain a plurality of three-dimensional shape data;
fitting each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured by the plurality of measuring means to the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data to the known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member; A module block shape measurement system comprising: arithmetic means for correcting the shape of a block;

5. The module block shape according to 4 above, wherein the measuring means includes a profile sensor that measures the shape by linearly irradiating a laser, and a moving means that moves the profile sensor relatively to the module block. measurement system.

6. 6. The module block shape measuring system according to 4 or 5 above, wherein the plurality of measuring means are configured to measure the shape of at least the upper surface and the lower surface of the module block.

7. A furnace construction method for constructing a furnace using a plurality of module blocks,
A module block manufacturing process in which a plurality of regular refractories are piled up to form a module block at a location other than the construction site of the furnace;
A measuring step of measuring the shape of the module block obtained in the module block manufacturing process by the module block shape measuring method according to any one of 1 to 3 above, and obtaining three-dimensional shape data of the module block;
a virtual installation step of performing a virtual installation of virtually installing the module blocks on a computer using the three-dimensional shape data of the module blocks obtained in the measurement step, and selecting a combination of module blocks that fit well; ,
a module block transporting step of transporting the module block to a construction site of the furnace based on the result of the virtual installation step;
a mortar application step of applying mortar to the position where the module block is installed;
A method for constructing a furnace, comprising: installing a module block transported in the module block transporting step at a position where the mortar is applied.

According to the present invention, the rework work at the furnace construction site can be reduced and the furnace can be constructed efficiently with high precision.

FIG. 2 is a top view schematically showing an example of the structure of a module block in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing an example of the structure of a module block in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view schematically showing an example of a dowel and tenon structure between horizontally adjacent standard refractories. FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing an example of a dowel and tenon structure between vertically adjacent standard refractories. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a measuring means in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of the shape of a stacking base. It is a schematic diagram which shows the module block in the state mounted on the stacking base. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of the structure of a stacking pedestal. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a module block shape measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a module block shape measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a module block shape measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Examples of embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below. Note that the following description exemplarily shows embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. In addition, in the following explanation, unless otherwise specified, standard refractories and module blocks manufactured by stacking the standard refractories will be referred to in the upper, lower, and horizontal directions based on the orientation when installed in a furnace. , vertical, and height.

In addition, "construction" of a furnace in the present invention includes not only the construction of a completely new furnace, but also the construction of a new part of an existing furnace (expansion), and the construction of a part of an existing furnace. This also includes the case of constructing a new part to replace it (repair). In other words, "construction" in the present invention includes new construction, expansion, and repair. For example, when repairing a coke oven that is currently in operation, it is recommended to stop using some combustion chambers and carbonization chambers, and repair the remaining combustion chambers and carbonization chambers while they are still in operation (hot repair). This is commonly done. The present invention is also applicable to the hot repair described above.

A module block shape measuring method in one embodiment of the present invention is a module block shape measuring method for measuring the shape of a module block manufactured by stacking a plurality of standard refractories, and includes the following steps.
・Placement process・Measurement process・Correction process

Further, a module block shape measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a module block shape measuring system that measures the shape of a module block manufactured by stacking a plurality of standard refractories, and includes the following components.
・Reference parts・Measurement means・Calculation means

Hereinafter, the module block shape measuring method and the module block shape measuring system will be specifically explained. In the following description, the present invention will be explained using an example in which the shape of a module block used in the construction of a coke oven is measured, but the present invention is also applicable to module blocks used in ovens other than coke ovens. It is.

[Module block]
The module block shape measuring method and module block shape measuring system of the present invention can measure module blocks used in manufacturing any furnace. The module block can be formed by stacking a plurality of regular refractories. It is preferable that the module block is manufactured at a location other than the coke oven construction location, as will be described later.

The module block can be a module block for configuring any part of the coke oven, but if a part with a relatively simple structure or a part with a repeated structure is made into a module block, work efficiency can be improved. Great effect. Therefore, it is preferable that the module block is at least one of a module block constituting a heat storage chamber and a module block constituting a combustion chamber.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams showing examples of module blocks in an embodiment of the present invention, and represent the structure of the module blocks that constitute the combustion chamber of a coke oven. It should be noted that in each of the drawings including FIGS. 1 and 2, the shapes and combinations of the standard refractories are shown in a simplified manner for the purpose of explanation, and do not represent the actual exact structure.

The module block 1 is constructed by stacking a plurality of regular refractories 2, and the individual regular refractories 2 are joined with mortar (not shown) applied to the joints between the regular refractories 2. . As mentioned earlier, the regular refractory 2 for coke ovens has dowels 3, which are fitting convex parts, and tenons 4, which are fitting concave parts, to prevent slippage, etc., as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. is provided, and the dowel 3 and tenon 4 are joined with a mortar 5 interposed therebetween in a fitted state.

The regular refractory for manufacturing the module block is not particularly limited, and any regular refractory such as bricks and precast blocks can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use regular regular refractories that are used when constructing coke ovens by hand. By using ordinary regular refractories, even when constructing a furnace using the method of the present invention, it is possible to design a furnace similar to the conventional one, and as a result, the performance of the furnace is guaranteed to be at least equivalent to that of the conventional one. It becomes possible to do so. In addition, when using large module bricks, if a crack occurs, there is a risk that the crack will spread throughout the entire module, but if regular regular refractories are used, even if the regular refractories crack, However, the propagation of cracks can be stopped within one standard refractory. Note that the regular regular refractories referred to here refer to all standard refractories that are hand-laid, not module bricks, and their dimensions are generally 10 to 15 cm in height and horizontal length. is 20 to 40 cm.

The size of the module block is not particularly limited, and can be any size. However, when manufacturing module blocks by hand, if the height of the module blocks is excessively high, it is necessary to set up a work floor by assembling scaffolding or other methods in order to stack standard refractories at high positions. For example, in Japan, Article 518 of the Industrial Safety and Health Regulations requires that a work floor be provided if work is performed at a height of 2 meters or more and there is a risk of falling. If the height of the module block is less than 2 m, even if the module block is manufactured by hand-laying regular refractories, there is no need to install scaffolding or the like to perform work at heights, resulting in high work efficiency. In addition, when manufacturing module blocks using a robot, if the height of the module block is less than 2 m, the height of the position where the standard refractory is loaded is within the movable range of the arm of a general arm-type robot. It can be done. Therefore, module blocks can be manufactured simply by moving the robot in the horizontal direction, resulting in high work efficiency. Therefore, from the viewpoint of work efficiency, it is preferable that the height of the module block is less than 2 m. On the other hand, the lower limit of the height of the module block is not particularly limited either, but it is preferably two or more stages of regular refractories.

Further, the length in the longitudinal direction of the module block is not limited, but from the viewpoint of work efficiency, it is preferably 1/4 or more and 2/3 or less of the length of the coke oven to be constructed, and 1/4 or more and 1/4 or more. It is more preferable to set it to /2 or less.

Note that the "longitudinal length of the module block" here refers to the length in the longitudinal direction of the module block in the horizontal cross section, and the "height of the module block" refers to the length from the bottom surface to the top surface of the module block. refers to height. Note that the "longitudinal length of the module block" and "height of the module block" do not include irregularities such as dowels provided on the side, top, and bottom surfaces of the module block. Moreover, "the oven length of a coke oven" means the length in the longitudinal direction of each combustion chamber and carbonization chamber that constitute the coke oven. The length of the common coke oven currently in use is approximately 15 to 17 m.

[Stacking pedestal]
In addition, it is preferable that the module block is manufactured by piling up regular refractories on a stacking pedestal that can be handled by a transport machine such as a forklift. After manufacturing the module blocks on the stacking pedestal, the module blocks can be transported together with the stacking pedestal to a location for measurements.

In addition, in the measurement process described later, when measuring the shape of the lower surface of the module block, it is preferable to use a stacking pedestal having an opening. The shape of the lower surface of the module block can be measured through the opening. The number, size, and position of the openings may be determined so that the shape of the desired area can be measured from below the module block. For example, when measuring the shapes of dowels and tenons, the openings may be provided at the positions of the dowels and tenons to be measured.

[Placement process]
First, a reference member whose three-dimensional shape data is known is placed near the module block to be measured (placement step).

The reference member is not particularly limited, and any member whose three-dimensional shape data is known can be used. However, from the viewpoint of strength and dimensional stability, it is preferable that the reference member is made of metal. Further, the shape of the reference member is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture and ease of handling shape data, it is preferably rectangular parallelepiped or cubic. Note that the rectangular parallelepiped or cube-shaped reference member may be referred to as a reference block.

Since the reference member is used as a reference for fitting data in a correction process to be described later, the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member needs to be known. As the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member, for example, design data (three-dimensional CAD data, etc.) of the reference member can be used.

The reference member may be placed near the module block. Here, the vicinity of the module block is defined as a position where at least a portion of the reference member is included in the measurement range of each of the plurality of measurement means in the measurement process described later. Therefore, the distance between the reference member and the module block is not particularly limited. The reference member may be placed so as to be in contact with the module block to be measured, or may be placed so as not to come into contact with the module block to be measured. When the reference member is placed in contact with the module block, the reference member may be in direct contact with the module block or may be in contact with the module block through another member.

Further, from the viewpoint of increasing the accuracy of fitting in the correction process described later, it is preferable that the reference member has a certain size. Specifically, the longitudinal length of the reference member is preferably 1 m or more, more preferably 5 m or more. On the other hand, if the reference member is too large, it may be difficult to install it near the module block. Therefore, the longitudinal length of the reference member is preferably 20 m or less, more preferably 15 m or less.

Moreover, from the viewpoint of further increasing the accuracy of fitting in the correction process described later, it is preferable that the reference member itself has high dimensional accuracy. Specifically, when the reference member has opposing surfaces, the parallelism of the opposing surfaces is preferably 200 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less. For example, when using a rectangular parallelepiped or cubic reference member, the parallelism of all three pairs of opposing surfaces of the reference member is preferably 200 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less. Here, the parallelism is defined by JIS B 0621:1984. For the same reason, the dimensional tolerance of the reference member is preferably ±0.5 mm or less, and preferably ±0.2 mm or less.

The number of reference members is not particularly limited and may be any number of 1 or 2 or more, but from the viewpoint of accurately measuring the shape over a wide range, it is preferable to use a plurality of reference members. In particular, when measuring the shapes of both opposing surfaces of the module block, it is preferable to arrange at least one reference member on each side of both surfaces to be measured. For example, when measuring the shapes of the upper and lower surfaces of a module block, it is preferable to arrange reference members both above and below the module block.

When using a plurality of reference members, the shapes and dimensions of each reference member may be different, but are preferably the same. If the plurality of reference members have the same shape and dimensions, the same data can be used as the three-dimensional shape data of the plurality of reference members, which is more efficient.

The reference member can be arranged in any manner. For example, a module block can be installed at a measurement location where measurements in a measurement process to be described later will be performed, and then a reference member can be installed near the module block. Alternatively, a reference member may be installed in advance at a measurement location where measurements in a measurement process to be described later will be performed, and then a module block may be installed at the measurement location.

[Measurement process]
Next, the shapes of different parts of the module block are measured using a plurality of measuring means to obtain a plurality of three-dimensional shape data (measuring step). When measuring with one measuring means, the measurement is performed by the module block itself, dowels and tenons on the surface of the module block, the stacking pedestal on which the module block is placed, and surrounding structures such as the pillars that support the stacking pedestal. The light emitted from the sensor is blocked and measurement is inhibited. In the present invention, by using a plurality of measurement means, measurement can be performed without being affected by obstructions.

Furthermore, in the present invention, it is important to carry out the measurement so that each of the three-dimensional shape data measured by the plurality of measuring means includes at least a part of the reference member in the measurement step. Thereby, in the next correction step, it becomes possible to correct the measurement results of each measuring means using the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the measured three-dimensional shape data.

Note that measuring the shapes of different parts means that the area measured by one measuring means is not completely the same as the area measured by another measuring means. That is, the present invention includes a case where an area measured by one measuring means overlaps an area measured by another measuring means. Rather, from the viewpoint of further improving measurement accuracy, it is preferable that each of the measuring means included in the plurality of measuring means measures the shape of a region that overlaps with at least one of the other measuring means. As described above, since the surface of the module block has unevenness called dowels and tenons, it is difficult to measure the shape of the portion shadowed by the unevenness. However, when measuring the same area with a plurality of measuring means, the measurements are taken from different angles, which makes it possible to measure the shape more accurately without being affected by unevenness.

In the measurement step, any surface of the module block can be measured without any particular limitation, and usually it is sufficient to measure the shape of at least one surface of the module block. However, as mentioned above, there are irregularities called dowels and tenons on the top and bottom surfaces of module blocks, and if the positions and dimensions of the dowels and tenons are not appropriate, it will be difficult to install the module block at the coke oven construction site. , dowels and tenons may interfere between adjacent module blocks. Therefore, from the perspective of measuring the positions and dimensions of dowels and tenons, it is preferable to measure the shape of at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the module block, and it is preferable to measure the shape of both the top and bottom surfaces of the module block. More preferred.

When measuring the shapes of both the top and bottom surfaces of the module block, it is preferable that the shapes of the top and bottom surfaces be measured using separate measuring means. For example, the shape of the upper surface can be measured using a plurality of measuring means for the upper surface, and the shape of the lower surface can be measured using the plurality of measuring means for the lower surface.

Furthermore, it is also possible to optionally measure the shape of the side surface of the module block. When measuring the shape of a side surface, a plurality of measuring means are arranged so as to face one side surface A of the module block, and a plurality of measuring means are arranged so as to face another side surface B parallel to said side surface A. , it is preferable to measure the shape from both sides of the module block.

However, when performing virtual installation using the three-dimensional shape data of the module block obtained in the measurement process as described later, it is only necessary to have the shape data of the top and bottom surfaces of the module block, but not necessarily the shape data of the entire surface of the module block. is not necessary. Therefore, it is also possible to measure the shapes of both the top and bottom surfaces of the module block, but not to measure the shape of the side surfaces.

[Measurement means]
The measuring means is not particularly limited, and any means can be used as long as it can measure three-dimensional shape data of the module block. As the measuring means, it is preferable to use means capable of acquiring three-dimensional shape data of the module block as three-dimensional point group data.

Note that the dimensional tolerance of the regular refractories constituting the module block is generally about 1 to 2 mm. Further, the stacking accuracy of regular refractories in a coke oven is generally required to be about 1 to 2 mm. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the measurement method used in measuring the contour shape is preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less.

For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, a photogrammetric three-dimensional shape measuring device can be used as the measuring means. In a photogrammetry-based three-dimensional shape measuring device, the three-dimensional coordinates of the same point in a plurality of images taken from different viewpoints can be determined using the principle of triangulation. Therefore, by determining the three-dimensional coordinates of many points in the image, three-dimensional shape data of the module block can be obtained.

Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, a pattern projection type three-dimensional shape measuring device can be used as the measuring means. In a pattern projection type three-dimensional shape measuring device, the three-dimensional shape of the surface is measured by projecting a known pattern onto the surface of the object to be measured and analyzing an image taken of the projected pattern.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional shape measuring device using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) can be used as the measuring means. In a typical LiDAR type three-dimensional shape measuring device, the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the object to be measured is measured by irradiating the surface of the object to be measured with a laser while scanning the object two-dimensionally and measuring the reflected light. . Methods that can be used to measure distance using reflected light include, for example, a TOF (Time of Flight) method and a phase difference detection method, but are not limited to these and any other method can be used.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the measuring means includes a profile sensor that measures the shape by linearly irradiating a laser, and a moving means that moves the profile sensor relative to the module block. A three-dimensional shape measuring device can be used. The profile sensor is a type of distance measurement sensor, and generally measures the distance to the surface of the measurement target by emitting a laser in a line and detecting reflected light. Therefore, by using a profile sensor, it is possible to measure the profile of the height (position in the z-axis direction) in the direction of the laser scanned line (x-axis direction). Such a profile sensor is also called a two-dimensional profile sensor.

As the moving means, any moving means can be used as long as it can move the profile sensor relative to the module block. In order to move the profile sensor relative to the module block, it is sufficient to move one or both of the profile sensor and the module block, but it is best to move the profile sensor, which is smaller and lighter than the module block. is preferred. As the moving means, it is preferable to use a uniaxial actuator that can linearly move the profile sensor.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of a measuring means using two profile sensors. Note that since FIG. 6 is for explaining the measuring means, the reference member is not shown.

Each of the profile sensors 11a and 11b irradiates the surface of the module block 1 with a laser beam in a straight line. Reference numerals 12a and 12b schematically indicate the irradiation ranges of the lasers irradiated from the profile sensors 11a and 11b, and are hereinafter referred to as "measurement planes." The profile sensors 11a and 11b are arranged so that the lines irradiated with the laser are parallel to each other, and here, the direction of the line irradiated with the laser is defined as the x-axis. In other words, the profile sensors 11a and 11b are arranged so that the measurement planes 12a and 12b are parallel.

The profile sensors 11a and 11b are configured to be movable in the y-axis direction by a moving means (not shown), as shown in FIG. 5(b). Here, the y-axis is the normal direction of the measurement planes 12a and 12b.

[Correction process]
In the present invention, as described above, the shapes of different parts of the module block are measured to obtain a plurality of three-dimensional shape data. In order to effectively utilize the obtained multiple 3D shape data, it is necessary to correct the changes in the position and angle of the measurement means due to changes in temperature, etc., and to accurately set the coordinate system of the multiple 3D shape data. need to match.

A conceivable method for synthesizing measurement data obtained by a plurality of measurement means is to perform measurements to include overlapping areas, and then synthesize the data by fitting the data in the overlapping areas. However, since the measurement data of the three-dimensional shape itself contains errors that cannot be ignored, this method cannot connect the data with high accuracy. Furthermore, in this method, errors accumulate as the number of measuring means, that is, the number of pieces of data to be joined increases, so the accuracy decreases significantly when the number of measuring means is large.

It is also conceivable that, prior to measurement, calibration is performed using a reference member whose shape is known to identify the position and orientation of each measuring means in three-dimensional space. However, in an actual measurement environment, the position and orientation of the measurement means change from moment to moment due to changes in temperature and other factors. For example, the position of the sensor may change due to deformation of the frame indicating the measuring means due to thermal expansion due to changes in temperature. Therefore, if an attempt is made to obtain sufficient measurement accuracy using a method in which calibration is performed prior to measurement, it is necessary to perform calibration every time measurement is performed, which reduces the manufacturing efficiency of the module block.

Therefore, in the present invention, each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured in the measurement step is replaced with the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data, and the known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member. (correction process). That is, the measurement is performed so that at least a part of the reference member is included in each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured in the measurement process, and the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data are Correction is performed by fitting to known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member. According to this method, since correction can be performed during each measurement itself, it is possible to accurately align a plurality of measurement data without performing separate calibration. In other words, by performing the above correction, it is possible to correct the shift in the coordinate system of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured in the measurement step and convert it into three-dimensional data of a single coordinate system.

From the viewpoint of improving fitting accuracy in the correction process, it is preferable that the ratio of the area of the reference member to the entire measurement area of one sensor is 10% or more.

[Masking process]
Preferably, the module block shape measuring method in one embodiment of the present invention further includes a masking step of performing a masking process on the three-dimensional shape data corrected in the correction step. In the masking step, for example, portions of the three-dimensional shape data that correspond to structures other than module blocks are masked.

[Noise removal process]
Moreover, it is preferable that the module block shape measuring method in one embodiment of the present invention further includes a noise removal step of removing noise included in the three-dimensional shape data corrected in the correction step. Examples of the noise include edge portion data (flowing noise) that is theoretically unreliable, data floating in the air (floating noise), and the like.

[Synthesis process]
The module block shape measuring method in one embodiment of the present invention may further include a synthesis step of synthesizing the plurality of three-dimensional shape data corrected in the correction step to generate one three-dimensional shape data. . In the present invention, each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data is corrected in the above correction process, so even if they are combined, it will not be possible to combine them simply by using the overlapping parts to connect the plurality of measurement data in order. Errors do not accumulate.

In the synthesis step, a three-dimensional polygon model may be created from the finally obtained three-dimensional point group data. Specifically, in the measurement step, three-dimensional point cloud data is measured as three-dimensional shape data, in the subsequent correction step, the three-dimensional point cloud data is corrected, and in the synthesis step, a plurality of corrected three-dimensional point group data are measured. It is preferable to create a three-dimensional polygon model of the module block using dimensional point cloud data. The obtained three-dimensional polygon model can be used in a virtual installation process, etc., which will be described later.

[Calculation means]
The module block shape measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention converts each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured by the plurality of measuring means into the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data. The apparatus includes calculation means for performing correction by fitting to known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member. In other words, the module block shape measurement system in one embodiment of the present invention includes calculation means for implementing the above correction process. The calculation means is not particularly limited, but for example, a general computer can be used.

The calculation means may further include a function of synthesizing a plurality of corrected three-dimensional shape data to generate one three-dimensional shape data. In other words, the module block shape measuring system in one embodiment of the present invention can be provided with calculation means for implementing the above-mentioned correction step and synthesis step. Preferably, the calculation means is configured to perform one or both of the above-described masking step and noise removal step.

Moreover, it is preferable that the module block shape measuring system in one embodiment of the present invention includes a control means for controlling the measuring means and the like. The calculation means can also serve as the control means. Moreover, the module block shape measurement system in one embodiment of the present invention can also be provided with a programmable logic controller (PLC) as the control means. Preferably, the PLC is connected to the calculation means.

Next, more specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the shape of the stacking base. The stacking pedestal 20 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with a plurality of openings 21 penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface of the stacking pedestal 20 to enable measurement of the lower shape of the module block 1. In order to be able to measure the contour shape of the module block 1, the size of the opening 21 is preferably larger than the contour of the module block.

As shown in FIG. 7, the module block 1 is manufactured by stacking regular refractories on a stacking pedestal 20. Note that, as shown in FIG. 8, there is a dowel 3 projecting downward on the lower surface of the regular refractory material 2 constituting the module block 1. Therefore, in order to prevent the dowels 3 from interfering with the upper surface of the stacking pedestal 20 or the ground, the pedestal 20 preferably includes a support portion 22 that lifts and supports the module block 1 to a predetermined height.

Next, the module blocks 1 manufactured on the stacking pedestal 20 are lifted together with the stacking pedestal 20 using a forklift, transported to a measurement area, and placed at a predetermined position.

9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a module block shape measurement system 100 each having a different arrangement of reference members.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the module block 1 is placed on the support frame 30 together with the stacking base 20. Two profile sensors 11 are installed on the upper side of the module block 1 to measure the top surface shape, and similarly, two profile sensors 11 are installed on the lower side of the module block 1 to measure the bottom surface shape. One is installed. These four profile sensors 11 in total are each configured to be movable in the y-axis direction by a uniaxial actuator 13 as a moving means. The uniaxial actuator 13 is installed on an I-beam 14 to prevent deflection.

Two reference blocks 40 as reference members are installed on the module block 1 with an interval between them. Also, two reference blocks 40 as reference members are installed below the module block 1 with an interval between them.

The module block shape measurement system 100 further includes a PLC (programmable logic controller) (not shown), a PC as a calculation means connected to the PLC, signal wiring for importing data from the profile sensor 11 into the PC, and a scanning distance of the uniaxial actuator 13. It is provided with signal wiring for transmitting a pulse signal generated in accordance with the profile sensor 11 to the profile sensor 11, and power wiring for supplying power to all devices.

When the module block 1 is installed at a predetermined position and preparations for measurement are completed, the measurement worker operates the PC and inputs a measurement start command. The uniaxial actuator 13 starts a scanning operation according to a command programmed in advance in the PLC, and at the same time the profile sensor 11 attached to the uniaxial actuator 13 continuously acquires two-dimensional profile data. Based on the pulse signal generated by the uniaxial actuator 13, coordinate values representing the position of the profile sensor in the y-axis direction are calculated and transmitted to the PC through the signal line. The PC integrates the measured two-dimensional profile and the coordinate values into three-dimensional profile data.

Three-dimensional CAD data, which is the design data of the reference block, is imported into the PC in advance. Then, each of the plurality of measured three-dimensional profile data is corrected by fitting to the three-dimensional CAD data of the reference block in virtual space. In this embodiment, the two pieces of data obtained by measuring the top surface of the module block are aligned using a reference block placed on the top surface of the module block, and the two pieces of data obtained by measuring the bottom surface are aligned using a reference block placed on the bottom surface. After that, redundant data such as peripheral structures included in the aligned data is removed, and contour shape data for the top and bottom surfaces of the module block are extracted.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the reference block 40 is installed at a position away from the module block 1. Further, in this embodiment, three rectangular parallelepiped reference blocks 40 are arranged in combination in an I-shape on each side of the module block 1. With this arrangement, the data measured by the profile sensor on the upper side of the module block and the data measured by the profile sensor on the lower side of the module block include a common reference block, so the data measured by each sensor Data can be transformed into one coordinate system. Note that other points can be the same as the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an example of measuring the shape of the lower surface and side surface of the module block 1. In this example, the reference block 40 is installed on the bottom surface of the module block 1, and a total of four profile sensors 11 installed below and on the sides of the module block 1 ensure that the reference block 40 falls within the measurement range. Measurements are taken. In this case as well, since a common reference block is included in the data measured by the four profile sensors, the data measured by each sensor can be coordinate-transformed into one coordinate system. Note that other points can be the same as the embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, a furnace construction method in one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The furnace construction method of the present invention is a furnace construction method for constructing a furnace using a plurality of module blocks, and includes the following steps.
・Module block manufacturing process ・Measurement process ・Virtual installation process ・Module block transportation process ・Mortar application process ・Module block installation process

[Module block manufacturing process]
In the module block manufacturing process, a plurality of standard refractories are piled up at a location other than the coke oven construction site to manufacture the module block. In the present invention, a coke oven can be constructed by simply transporting and installing the manufactured module blocks at a coke oven construction site as described later. This reduces the work of manually stacking standard refractories one by one, and greatly improves work efficiency at the construction site.

The above-mentioned "place other than the coke oven construction site" is not particularly limited, and may be any place that is different from the coke oven construction site and where modular blocks can be manufactured by stacking regular refractories. can be used. For example, a place adjacent to the coke oven construction site, such as land adjacent to a temporary shed set up at the location where the coke oven will be constructed; The module block manufacturing process can be carried out elsewhere, such as at other locations. Although it is possible to manufacture the blocks at a remote location away from the coke oven construction site, it is preferable to manufacture the blocks at a location adjacent to the coke oven construction site in consideration of transportation time and costs. Although it is desirable for efficiency to perform the modular block manufacturing process centrally at one location, it is also possible to carry out the module block manufacturing process at multiple locations and transport the module blocks manufactured at each location to a single coke oven construction site. It can also be used.

The shape and dimensions of the module block are not particularly limited, but may be as described above.

[[Manufacture of blocks by hand]]
The above module block can be manufactured, for example, by hand-laying. In the present invention, since module blocks are manufactured at a location other than the coke oven construction site, it is possible to secure sufficient work space, unlike when standard refractories are manually loaded at the coke oven construction site. . Therefore, the burden on the worker can be reduced even if the same is done by hand. In addition, when loading standard refractories at a coke oven construction site, it is necessary to construct scaffolding according to the height of the piled standard refractories and work on it, but the standard refractories must be stacked in module blocks. Because the work is carried out by stacking materials, there is no need to use scaffolding for work at heights, and the work can be carried out on the ground with good footing.

[[Block manufacturing by robot]]
Moreover, the manufacturing of the above-mentioned module block can also be performed using a robot. In this case, it is possible to automate part or all of the block manufacturing process, which reduces the number of workers involved in the heavy labor of manually stacking standard refractories, and also It becomes possible to automate part or all of the refractory stacking work using robots.

The robot used for manufacturing module blocks is not particularly limited and any robot can be used, but an arm-type robot with a movable arm that can handle regular refractories can be used. preferable. An example of the arm-type robot is a vertical articulated robot, which is a type of industrial robot. Moreover, a module block can also be manufactured using an arm-type robot for stacking standard refractories and an arm-type robot for applying mortar.

[[Module block production line]]
Note that, regardless of whether the module blocks are stacked manually or by using a robot, the number of manufacturing lines for module blocks may be one or multiple. If module blocks are manufactured on multiple lines, the supply speed of module blocks to the coke oven construction site can be increased, so from the viewpoint of work efficiency, it is preferable to have two or more manufacturing lines for module blocks. , more preferably 3 or more. On the other hand, there is no upper limit to the number of production lines, but even if the number of lines is increased more than necessary, the subsequent module block transportation process, mortar application process and module block installation process performed at the coke oven construction site will be the rate-limiting process. Therefore, it becomes difficult to further improve the construction speed of coke ovens, and cost effectiveness decreases. Therefore, the number of lines may be determined in consideration of the scale of the coke oven, the work speed in each process, and the like.

[Stacking pedestal]
As mentioned above, the module block is preferably manufactured by stacking regular refractories on a stacking platform that can be handled by a transport machine such as a forklift. After manufacturing the module blocks on the stacking pedestal, the module blocks can be transported together with the stacking pedestal to a location for measurements. The dimensions of the opening of the stacking pedestal and the dimensions of the stacking pedestal are adjusted so that the dowel and tenon positions on the bottom of the module block and the outline of the module block fit into the measurement area of the measurement light source that enters from below the module block via the opening of the stacking pedestal. It is desirable to design the thickness, number of sensors and actuators, sensor installation position, reference block shape and arrangement in advance.

[Measurement process]
Next, the shape of the module block obtained in the module block manufacturing process is measured by the module block shape measuring method described above to obtain three-dimensional shape data of the module block (measuring step). Note that when the module block manufacturing process and the measurement process are performed at different locations, the manufactured module block is transported to the location where the measurement process is performed, and then the measurement is performed. It is preferable to use a transport machine such as a forklift to transport the module blocks. In that case, it is preferable to manufacture the module blocks on the stacking pedestal and then transporting the module blocks together with the stacking pedestal.

The specific measuring method in the measuring step can be as already described.

[Virtual installation process]
Next, virtual installation is performed to virtually install the module blocks on a computer using the three-dimensional shape data of the module blocks obtained in the measurement step, and a combination of module blocks that fit well is selected (virtual installation). installation process).

For example, when adjacent module blocks interfere with each other in the step of installing adjacent module blocks, which will be described later, it is not possible to ensure the required joint thickness at the interference portion. Furthermore, the installation position of the module block may shift due to interference. Usually, such interference is discovered when the module block is transported to the construction site and is about to be installed, so it is necessary to modify the module block at the site. In contrast, in the present invention, virtual installation is performed in which the module block is virtually installed on a computer using measured three-dimensional shape data of the module block, and based on the result of the virtual installation, a module with good fit is determined. Select a combination of blocks. By performing the virtual installation, there is no need to modify module blocks at the construction site, and it becomes possible to construct the furnace efficiently and with high precision.

The virtual installation method described above is not particularly limited, and any method can be used. For example, a plurality of module blocks are manufactured in the module block manufacturing process, and the shape of each module block obtained is measured in the measurement process. Virtual installation can then be performed using the obtained three-dimensional shape data of each module block.

Furthermore, in the virtual installation process, the method for selecting a combination of module blocks that fit well is not particularly limited and can be performed using any method.

For example, first, a virtual installation is performed to calculate the joint thickness d between a target module block and an adjacent module block when the module block is installed. This virtual installation is performed for each of the plurality of module blocks to determine the joint thickness d _i when each module block is installed. Then, a module block is used that minimizes the absolute value |Δd _i | of the difference Δd _i (=d _i −d ₀ ) between the obtained joint thickness value d _i and the predetermined target joint thickness d ₀ That's it. In this method, |Δd _i | may be calculated at at least one location, but |Δd _i | is calculated at multiple locations, and module blocks are selected so that the sum of |Δd _i | at each location is the minimum. It is preferable. Further, although |Δd _i | can be calculated at any arbitrary position, it is preferable to include the positions of dowels and tenons, which are particularly affected by variations. Further, for one dowel and tenon combination, |Δd _i | can be evaluated at two or more locations, preferably at three or more locations.

[Module block transportation process]
Next, the module blocks manufactured in the above module block manufacturing process are transported to a coke oven construction site. At that time, the module blocks to be transported are determined based on the results of the virtual installation process.

The method of transporting module blocks in the module block transport process is not particularly limited, and depending on the distance between the module block manufacturing site and the coke oven construction site, trucks, transporters (self-propelled transport carts), cranes, etc. are used. Any method such as the above can be used alone or in combination. For example, if a temporary shed is set up at a coke oven construction site, transporters are used to transport module blocks from the place where they are manufactured or processed to the temporary shed, and an overhead crane and stage jack are installed inside the temporary shed. Can be used together to transport to the construction location. In addition, in the module block transportation process, module blocks can be directly transported from the module block manufacturing site to the construction site of the coke oven construction site, but first, they are transported to the module block storage site and temporarily stored. Depending on the progress of the furnace, the module blocks may be transported from the block storage location to the construction location at the coke oven construction location.

[Mortar application process]
Next, apply mortar to the locations where the module blocks will be installed. The method of applying mortar is not particularly limited, and as with the case of stacking standard refractories, apply mortar to the position where the bottom and side surfaces of the module blocks come into contact, in other words, to the top and side surfaces of the position where the module blocks will be installed. do it.

Spacers can also be installed on the surface coated with mortar that contacts the bottom surface of the module block to be installed, that is, the portion that will serve as a horizontal joint. Due to the load of the module block being applied to this part, it may not be possible to secure the desired joint thickness. Therefore, by installing a spacer and installing a module block from above, it becomes possible to easily ensure the joint thickness. The spacer preferably has the same height as the joint thickness.

[Module block installation process]
A module block is installed at a position where mortar is applied in the mortar application process. The method of installing the module block is not particularly limited, but for example, the module block may be lifted by a crane or the like and installed while adjusting the position on the surface coated with mortar. In this way, by constructing the module block by module block, the burden on the worker is reduced compared to the case where the standard refractories are manually stacked one by one, and the standard refractories can be piled up with high precision.

A coke oven can be constructed by installing module blocks using the above steps. Although the present invention has been explained so far by taking the construction of a coke oven as an example, the present invention is also applicable to the construction of furnaces other than coke ovens, as described above.

In order to confirm the effects of the present invention, a module block was manufactured according to the following procedure, and a coke oven was constructed.

Specifically, first, 39 module blocks were manufactured in which bricks (standard refractories) were stacked in 6 layers horizontally and 7 layers vertically (module block manufacturing process). Next, the three-dimensional shape of the obtained module block is measured using a module block shape measurement system having the structure shown in Fig. 9, and after correction and noise removal, three-dimensional point cloud data of the upper and lower surfaces of the module block is obtained. Obtained each. As the measuring means, a three-dimensional shape measuring device consisting of a two-dimensional profile sensor and a uniaxial actuator was used. The two-dimensional profile sensor used is a triangulation type two-dimensional sensor that measures the distance from the light source to each point on the surface of the module block by scanning and irradiating the module block with a laser and detecting the reflected light. It is a profile sensor. The distance resolution of the sensor was 0.025 mm, and the scanning direction resolution of the uniaxial actuator was 0.5 mm.

Next, virtual installation was performed in which each of the plurality of module blocks was virtually installed on a computer using the obtained three-dimensional point group data. In the state _where the virtual installation is performed, the joint thickness d _i when _each module block is installed is determined, and the difference Δd _i (= The absolute value |Δd _i | of d _i −d ₀ ) was calculated. Here, as the joint thickness, the joint thickness at the engaging part of the dowel and tenon between the target module block and the module block adjacent to the module block is used, and for one set of dowel and tenon, The joint thickness at three locations was determined. In this example, there were 56 engagement areas between the dowel and tenon, so the joint thicknesses at a total of 168 locations (56 x 3) were determined, the integrated value of |Δd _i | was determined, and it was determined that the integrated value was the minimum. (module block selection process).

After completing the above selection, the module block was transported to the coke oven construction site (module block transportation process), mortar was applied to the location where the module block was installed (mortar application process), and it was installed at the site (module block installation process). There was no interference between the module blocks at the tenons of the module blocks, which was expected due to the shape of the module blocks deviating from the standard value, and the installation was able to be carried out efficiently with few modifications on site.

1 Module block 2 Standard refractory 3 Dowel 4 Tenon 5 Mortar 10 Measuring means 11 Profile sensor 12 Measuring plane 13 Uniaxial actuator (moving means)
14 I-shaped steel 20 Stacking pedestal 21 Opening 22 Support part 30 Support frame 40 Reference block (reference member)
100 module block shape measurement system

Claims (7)

A module block shape measuring method for measuring the shape of a module block manufactured by stacking a plurality of regular refractories, the method comprising:
a placement step of arranging a reference member whose three-dimensional shape data is known near the module block to be measured;
a measuring step of obtaining a plurality of three-dimensional shape data by measuring shapes of different parts of the module block using a plurality of measuring means so that at least a part of the reference member is included;
Each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured in the measurement step is corrected by fitting the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data to the known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member. a correction process to
A method for measuring the shape of a module block, including a synthesis step of synthesizing a plurality of three-dimensional shape data corrected in the correction step . The module block according to claim 1, wherein the measuring means includes a profile sensor that measures the shape by linearly irradiating a laser, and a moving means that moves the profile sensor relatively to the module block. Shape measurement method. The module block shape measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the measuring step, the shape of at least an upper surface and a lower surface of the module block is measured. A module block shape measurement system that measures the shape of a module block manufactured by stacking a plurality of standard refractories,
a reference member whose three-dimensional shape data is known;
a plurality of measuring means that measure shapes of different parts of the module block so that at least a part of the reference member is included, and obtain a plurality of three-dimensional shape data;
fitting each of the plurality of three-dimensional shape data measured by the plurality of measuring means to the three-dimensional shape data of the reference member included in the three-dimensional shape data to the known three-dimensional shape data of the reference member; A module block shape measurement system comprising: a calculation means for correcting the plurality of corrected three-dimensional shape data ; The module block according to claim 4, wherein the measuring means includes a profile sensor that measures the shape by linearly irradiating a laser, and a moving means that moves the profile sensor relative to the module block. Shape measurement system. The module block shape measuring system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the plurality of measuring means are configured to measure the shape of at least an upper surface and a lower surface of the module block. A furnace construction method for constructing a furnace using a plurality of module blocks,
A module block manufacturing process in which a plurality of regular refractories are piled up to form a module block at a location other than the construction site of the furnace;
A measuring step of measuring the shape of the module block obtained in the module block manufacturing process by the module block shape measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and obtaining three-dimensional shape data of the module block. ,
a virtual installation step of performing a virtual installation of virtually installing the module blocks on a computer using the three-dimensional shape data of the module blocks obtained in the measurement step, and selecting a combination of module blocks that fit well; ,
a module block transporting step of transporting the module block to a construction site of the furnace based on the result of the virtual installation step;
a mortar application step of applying mortar to the position where the module block is installed;
A method for constructing a furnace, comprising: installing a module block transported in the module block transporting step at a position where the mortar is applied.

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