JP7366124B2 - Connection method and system applied to power generation/power consumption balance in two-tier market - Google Patents

Description

This application claims priority based on the Chinese patent application whose Chinese patent application number is 202011448562.4, which was filed with the Chinese Patent Office on December 9, 2020, and all contents of this application are cited. Incorporated into this application by.

The present application relates to the technical field of power balance, for example, to a connection method and system applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market.

Regarding the two-tier electricity market linkage, research results and practical experiences mainly focus on the two-tier market linkage of the power grid. For example, research on the European two-tier market mainly focuses on the coupling mode between the European multinational electricity market and the European unified electricity market, while research on the US two-tier market mainly focuses on the coupling mode between multiple independent system operators/regional transmission Refers to the electrical energy trading market or energy balance market (EBM) between institutions that are operators (Independent System Operators/Regional Transmission Operators, ISO/RTOs), and China's two-tier market is mainly an interprovincial market and Refers to the intra-provincial market. For example, in the book “Analysis Report on Domestic and Overseas Electricity Market Reform (2015-2020)” published by Ma Li, Fan Menghua et al. The results were organized, summarized, and analyzed. Therefore, research on the two-tier market focuses on the power market on the power transmission network layer, and does not involve the decentralized market on the low-voltage power distribution side.

In the distributed power market and distributed power generation transactions, we focus on the decentralized market transaction mechanism and policy itself, including analysis of the characteristics of distributed power sources in the decentralized market, research on the decentralized market transaction mechanism and market entity competition policy, etc. There are often For example, in January 2020, Xiao Qian, Chen Zheng, et al. submitted a discussion on Decentralized Electricity Market for Distributed Generation Tr that was submitted in the periodical “Power System Automation”. answers) There is a document called. However, these literatures do not study how the decentralized market, mainly low-voltage distribution networks or microgrids, connects with the power market of the transmission grid, and in fact, in the decentralized market, the generated power is connected to the demand for consumed power. Perfect matching is difficult, and the decentralized market also needs to buy and sell power from the grid market, and there is no mechanism for how the two-tier market will link transactions. Due to the lack of design, it is difficult to solve the problem of unbalanced demand for power generation and consumption in a decentralized market.

This application proposes a connection method and system applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market.

Determining a predicted value of the unbalanced net power amount of the lower market based on the amount of power generation and power consumption on a long-term scale of a plurality of trading entities in the operating entity of the lower market, and based on the predicted value, Clearing the supply and demand of concentrated transactions in the upper market and the lower market, respectively, and forming medium- and long-term trading contracts corresponding to the upper market and the lower market, respectively, and breaking down the medium- and long-term trading contracts to perform short-term trading. obtaining a viable amount of power generation and consumption on a scale, and engaging in intensive trading on a short time scale in the upper market based on said viable amount of power generation and consumption on a short time scale; Provided is a linkage method applied to the power generation/power consumption balance of a two-tier market, including forming a short-term transaction contract for the power generation/power consumption balance of the upper market and the lower market.

It includes a net power amount module, a medium- and long-term trading module, a contract disassembly module, and a short-term trading module, and the net power amount module calculates the amount of power generation and consumption on a long-term scale of multiple trading entities in the operating entity of the lower market. The medium-to-long term trading module is configured to determine a predicted value of the unbalanced net power amount in the lower market based on the predicted value, and the medium-to-long term trading module balances the supply and demand of concentrated trading in the upper market and the lower market, respectively, based on the predicted value. , the upper market and the lower market are configured to form corresponding medium- to long-term transaction contracts, and the contract disassembly module disassembles the medium-to-long-term transaction contracts to create a viable power generation system on a short-term scale. the short-term trading module is configured to obtain an energy consumption amount, and the short-term trading module engages in intensive trading on a short-time scale of the upper market based on the viable electricity generation and consumption amount on a short-time scale; The present invention further provides a linking system adapted to a two-tier market power generation/power consumption balance, configured to form a short-term transaction contract for the power generation/power consumption balance between an upper market and said lower market.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a connection method applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the connection of concentrated transactions in the upper and lower two-tier markets according to the embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of curve decomposition of contracted electric energy for some distributed entities according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 3 is a schematic comparison diagram of curve decomposition between market entities and transaction organizations according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of connection mode A of a two-tier market on a medium- to long-term scale according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of connection mode B of a two-tier market on a medium- to long-term scale according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a connection system applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of another connection system applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market according to an embodiment of the present application.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.

In a decentralized market, power generation and consumption cannot be self-balanced in the medium to long term or short term, and it is necessary to buy and sell electricity from the large power grid market in order to meet the demand for power generation and consumption in the decentralized market. be. This application provides a marketing method to solve such demands, and connects the upper and lower two tier markets with centralized trading. In this application, the upper market is a centralized trading market in a large power grid market, also simply referred to as a large power grid market, and the lower market is a centralized trading market in a decentralized market, also simply referred to as a decentralized market.

Example 1
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a connection method applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market according to an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes the following steps S1 to S4.
S1: Determine the predicted value of the unbalanced net power amount of the lower market based on the power generation and power consumption on a long-term scale of a plurality of trading entities in the lower market operating entity.
S2: Based on the predicted values, balance the supply and demand of intensive trading in the upper market and lower market, respectively, and form a corresponding medium- to long-term trading contract.
S3: Decompose medium- to long-term transaction contracts to obtain feasible power generation and consumption amounts on a short-term scale.
S4: Engage in intensive trading on a short-time scale in the upper market based on the amount of power generation and consumption that is feasible on a short-time scale, and form a short-term trading contract for the balance between power generation and consumption in the upper and lower markets. do.

The embodiment of the present application achieves a balance between demand and demand for power generation and power consumption in a decentralized market by connecting the upper and lower two-tier markets.

In this embodiment, the connection method applied to the power generation/power consumption balance in the two-tier market is simply called the connection method for the upper and lower two-tier markets, and Figure 2 shows the connection of concentrated transactions in the upper and lower two-tier markets according to the embodiment of the present application. This is an overall flow diagram that can be summarized into the following two steps.
Step 1: On a medium- to long-term scale, the upper market and the lower market synchronize and sequentially carry out intensive trading and form a trading contract with each other. Quantity. Step 1 includes the aforementioned S1 and S2.
In step 1, there are two selectable modes for connecting the concentrated trading of the upper and lower two-tier markets on a medium- to long-term scale.

Mode A: First, the lower market management organization estimates the net amount of electricity, which is a shortage or surplus amount of electricity, based on the status of power generation and consumption of decentralized entities within its market range, and uses it as a declared amount for the upper layer. Bid in a centralized market transaction. If there is a shortage in the predicted power amount (in the lower market, predicted power generation < predicted power consumption), the shortage is declared in the upper market as power purchase demand to balance supply and demand, and the predicted power amount is calculated. If there is a surplus in the lower market (predicted power generation > predicted power consumption), the surplus power is declared as demand for electricity sales in the upper market to balance supply and demand. After balancing supply and demand in the upper market, a contract result is obtained, and the operating organization of the lower market uses the contract result as a boundary condition for concentrated trading in the lower market to balance supply and demand in concentrated trading in the lower market. See FIG. 5.

Mode B: First, the lower market operating organization estimates the amount of electricity shortage or surplus based on the status of power generation and consumption of decentralized entities within its market range, and declares it as the amount in centralized transactions in the lower market. Make a bid. If there is a shortage in the predicted amount of electricity (in a decentralized market, predicted electricity generation < predicted electricity consumption), the shortage is declared in the lower market as demand for electricity purchase to balance supply and demand, and the predicted electricity amount is calculated. If there is a surplus (in a decentralized market, predicted power generation > predicted power consumption), the surplus power is declared as demand for electricity sales in the lower market to balance supply and demand. After balancing the supply and demand in the lower market, the contract results are obtained, and as a declaration of the concentrated transactions in the upper market, the supply and demand of the concentrated transactions in the upper market are balanced. See FIG. 6.

The distinction between mode A and mode B is as follows. In Mode A, the operating organization of the lower market declares the predicted net demand for power generation and consumption in the lower market in the upper market, and after obtaining the actual contract results, determines this as the boundary of the supply and demand equilibrium in the lower market. Therefore, the upper market performs intensive trading before the lower market. In Mode B, the operating organization of the lower market declares the predicted net demand for power generation and consumption in the lower market as the declaration for the upper market after obtaining the actual contract results. The lower market performs intensive trading before the upper market. In step 1, the lower market management organization balances the medium- to long-term imbalance in power generation and consumption in the lower market by participating in medium- to long-term transactions in the upper market.

Step 2: The lower market management agency and the decentralized market entity perform curve decomposition for each transaction contract to form viable power generation and consumption amounts on a short time scale. On a short-time scale, the governing body of the lower market declares the demand for power generation and consumption on a short-time scale in the lower market, and by engaging in intensive trading on a short-time scale in the upper market, the operating institution in the lower market Balance the imbalance between power generation and power consumption on a short-term scale. Step 2 includes the above-mentioned S3 and S4.

The connection method for concentrated trading in the two-tier market on a short time scale is as follows.
After balancing the supply and demand of medium- and long-term scale concentrated transactions in the upper and lower markets, let Q be the amount of electricity purchased or sold from the upper market in the lower market, and at the same time form the supply and demand balance of concentrated transactions in the decentralized market.The result is as follows. That's right.

In equation (1), G and L represent the set of transaction contracts formed in the concentrated market by all power generating entities and all power consuming entities in the lower market, respectively, and among them, _g It is a concluded contract, l _i is a contract concluded by the i-th power consuming entity, and the numbers of power generation and power consuming entities are m and n, respectively.

There is a need to break down medium- and long-term trading contracts into shorter timescales. Both the amount of electricity Q purchased and sold by the lower market from the upper market and the transaction contracts g _i and l _i of the entities in the lower market need to be decomposed.

In Equation (2), C_Q, C_G, C_L, C_g _i , and C_l _j are the curve decomposition of Q, the set of decompositions of the transaction contracts of the power generators in the lower market, and the power consumers who are the power consumers in the lower market, respectively. A set of decompositions of transaction contracts, a decomposition of the transaction contract of the i-th power generation entity, and a decomposition of the transaction contract of the j-th power consumption entity are shown.

Assuming that monthly medium- to long-term trading contracts are decomposed into daily units, the curve decomposition of trading contracts can be expressed in the following format.

In equation (3), Q ^t , g ^t , and l ^t are the amount of electricity traded in the lower market and the upper market Q, the amount of electricity contracted by a power generation entity in the lower market g, and the amount of electricity contracted by a certain electricity consumer in the lower market, respectively. It refers to the electric energy value on the tth day of the month after the curve decomposition of the contracted electric energy l.

For any day t within a month, the following relationship exists between each type of transaction and its curve decomposition.

In equation (4), Δ ^t _C denotes the first deviation in period t, Q ^t denotes the decomposed value of the amount of electricity purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale in period t, and g ^t _i indicates the amount of electricity traded in period t by power generating entity i, l ^t _j indicates the amount of electricity traded in period t by electricity consumer j, which is an electricity consumer, and formula (4) shows that the lower market is The decomposition value on day t of the trading results formed by intensive trading in the upper market, and the total power on day t of the trading results of multiple entities formed by intensive trading in the lower market in a month This means that the deviation that exists between the quantity values is expressed as Δ ^t _C.

In addition to the existence of a deviation Δ ^t _C in the decomposed values of the traded electricity amount formed by concentrated trading in the two-tier market, there is a difference between the short-term predicted daily electricity demand for each decentralized entity and the monthly There is also a deviation in the decomposed values of the trading results, and this deviation is expressed as Δ ^t _F.

Organizing institutions in decentralized markets conduct centralized trading (in-kind market), namely:

In equation (5), Q ^t _d refers to the contract volume that the lower market operator needs to achieve in concentrated trading (spot market) in the upper market on day t within the month.

There may be a deviation between the actual daily power consumption in the decentralized market and the daily power demand forecasted by multiple decentralized entities in the short term, but the deviation is determined according to certain rules. settled and does not fall within the scope of this application.

As a result, the operator of the lower market takes the deviation Q ^t _d (i.e., Δ ^t _C + Δ ^t _F ) of the actual demand for power generation and consumption in the lower market every day as the declared amount of spot transactions in the upper market, and Concentrate trading in the upper market and form short-term trading contracts for the balance of power generation and consumption between the upper and lower markets, thereby forming an indirect connection between the two markets, and reducing the short-term scale of the lower market. Balance the imbalance between power generation and power consumption.

Example 2
Below is a calculation example of the connection method applied to the power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market.

1. Parameter Setting In a certain low-voltage power distribution/power consumption area, a total of five decentralized market entities form one decentralized market, and one decentralized market management organization is responsible for the organization of transactions and connects with the upper market. The five decentralized market entities include electricity consumers, distributed generation, and energy storage.

By communicating with the five market entities, the operating organization of the decentralized market predicted that the total monthly demand for power generation and consumption would be +100MWh (considering power consumption as plus and power generation as minus), of which , the operating organization of the decentralized market assumes that Entity 1's monthly demand for power generation and consumption is -30MWh, Entity 2's monthly demand for electricity generation and consumption is -40MWh, and Entity 3's monthly demand for electricity generation and consumption is -30MWh. It is predicted that the demand for power consumption is 120MWh, the monthly demand for power generation and consumption of entity 4 is 25MWh, and the demand for monthly power generation and consumption of entity 5 is 25MWh.

The market management organization organizes and participates in long-term intensive trading in the upper and lower two-tier markets (mode A is adopted in this example).

2. Connection results of intensive trading in the second-tier market (1) The results of monthly intensive trading in the upper-tier market are as follows. The decentralized market management organization sets the demand for power purchase at +100MWh, bids in monthly centralized transactions in the upper market, and the final result of supply and demand balance is +100MWh as the contracted power purchase amount (Note: The market management organization By declaring low-cost power generation or high-price power purchase, it is possible to guarantee the predicted demand for power generation and consumption. Even if the actual power purchase amount ≠ the predicted power amount + 100MWh, this example will result in a subsequent contract for +100MWh. (Does not affect explanation according to quantity). In other words, for the upper market, the decentralized market corresponds to a large consumer who has concluded a monthly power purchase contract of 100 MWh, and for the lower market, by purchasing power from the upper market, the upper market can purchase 100 MWh of electricity within a month. This corresponds to the power generation entity provided.

(2) The results of monthly intensive trading in the lower market are as follows. The operating organization of the decentralized market sets the result of the contract for 100 MWh of electricity formed from the upper market as a boundary condition for monthly centralized transactions in the lower market (distributed market) (i.e., as a constraint in the optimized supply-demand balance mode, or engage in the market by declaring low prices), organize monthly centralized trading in the decentralized market and form trading results in various aspects, such as: The contract result for entity 1's monthly power generation and consumption demand is -30MWh, the contract result for entity 2's monthly power generation and consumption demand is -40MWh, and the contract result for entity 3's monthly power generation and consumption demand. The contract result for demand is 120MWh, the contract result for entity 4's monthly power generation and consumption demand is 5MWh, and the contract result for entity 5's monthly power generation and consumption demand is 25MWh (Note: here , the closing results for each diversifier match the predictions, but are likely not to match in the actual situation, but this does not affect the subsequent explanation of this example).

(3) The curve decomposition of the contract result of the entity in the lower market is as follows. Each of the plurality of decentralized entities determines an execution curve according to the result of monthly centralized trading in the lower market, and the daily execution power consumption plan for each entity is as shown in Table 1. Taking entity 3 and entity 4 as an example, the curve decomposition of the monthly transaction contract of their decentralized market is as shown in Figure 3. (load aggregator, etc.), and since it only demands power consumption, the daily resolution values of the curves resulting from the contract are all greater than 0. Entity 4 is a collection of electricity users with distributed power generation facilities, and has both power consumption demand and power generation capacity, so the daily resolution value of the curve resulting from the contract has both parts greater than 0 and parts less than 0. be.

(4) The curve decomposition of the upper market trading results is as follows. According to (1), for the results obtained in the upper concentrated market, the trading management organization in the lower market can form a monthly decomposition curve based on the historical experience of power generation and consumption within the area. As shown in Figure 4, the above figure shows the curve (indicated by the dotted line) of the monthly contracted power amount in the upper market broken down by the lower market transaction management institution, and the curve of the contracted power amount in the lower market of multiple decentralized entities. The sum of the decomposition curves (shown as solid lines) was compared.

(5) The relationship of curve decomposition of contract results in a two-tier concentrated market is as follows. As shown in Figure 4, there is a deviation between the two curves, for example on the 23rd day, the decomposition value represented by the solid line is 7MWh, and the decomposition value represented by the dotted line is 1MWh, and their curves The difference value of the decomposition is 6 MWh, which corresponds to:

であれば、２３日目の全体の偏差は次のようになる。

According to the above formula, the amount of power that a decentralized market organization needs to conclude a contract with the upper concentrated market on a daily basis is not only ^ΔtC , but also the daily actual predicted/actual values of multiple decentralized entities and their decomposed values _. further including the deviation Δ ^t _F from
(Outside 1)

Then, the total deviation on the 23rd day is as follows.

That is, on the 23rd day, the distributed market organization needs to conclude the power consumption amount of 4MWh in the current transaction in the upper large power grid through the current market to meet the actual demand of the area.

Example 3
Embodiments of the present application further provide a connection system that is applied to power generation and power consumption balance in a two-tier market.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the basic configuration of a connection system applied to the power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market according to an embodiment of the present application. includes a trading module, and the net energy module determines the expected value of the unbalanced net energy of the lower market based on the electricity generation and consumption on a long-term scale of multiple trading entities in the lower market operating entity. The medium- and long-term trading module is configured to balance the supply and demand of concentrated trading in the upper market and the lower market, respectively, based on the forecast value, and form a corresponding medium- and long-term trading contract, and the contract disassembly module is configured to break down medium- and long-term trading contracts to obtain the amount of power generation and consumption that is feasible on a short-term scale, and the short-term trading module is configured to obtain the amount of power generation and consumption that is feasible on a short-term scale. It is configured to form short-term trading contracts for upper market and lower market power generation/consumption balances based on engaging in intensive trading on short-term scales of the market.

FIG. 8 is a detailed schematic diagram of another connection system applied to power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market according to an embodiment of the present application.

The medium-to-long-term trading module includes a first mode unit and a second mode unit, wherein the first mode unit takes the predicted value as an upper market declaration and participates in concentrated trading to create a medium-to-long-term trading contract for the upper market. The second mode unit is configured to perform intensive trading in the lower market based on the mid- to long-term trading contract in the upper market to form a mid- to long-term trading contract in the lower market; and form a mid-to-long-term trading contract in the lower market through concentrated trading, and then engage in concentrated trading in the upper market based on the mid-to-long-term trading contract in the lower market to form a mid-to-long-term trading contract in the upper market. It is configured as follows.

The first mode unit includes a first reporting subunit, a first upper trading subunit, a boundary condition subunit, and a first lower trading subunit, the first reporting subunit transmitting the predicted value to the upper trading subunit. The first upper-tier trading subunit is configured to form contracts for mid- to long-term trading in the upper-tier market by engaging in concentrated trading in the upper-tier market, and the boundary condition sub-unit is configured to , the first lower-layer trading sub-unit is configured to take the result of the supply-demand balance of medium- to long-term transactions in the upper market as a boundary condition for the supply-demand balance in the lower-layer market, and the first lower-layer trading sub-unit conducts intensive trading in the lower-layer market based on the boundary condition. It is structured to go and form medium- to long-term trading contracts in the lower market.

The second mode unit includes a second reporting subunit, a second lower trading subunit, a difference calculation subunit, and a second upper trading subunit, the second reporting subunit transmitting the predicted value to the lower trading subunit. The second lower-tier trading subunit is configured to perform intensive trading in the lower-tier market to form medium- to long-term trading contracts in the lower-tier market, and the difference calculation sub-unit is configured to perform centralized trading in the lower-tier market to form medium- to long-term trading contracts in the lower-tier market. The second upper-tier trading sub-unit is configured to report the difference in the result of supply and demand balance of long-term transactions to the upper market, and the second upper-tier trading sub-unit engages in concentrated trading in the upper market to report the upper market. Structured to form medium- to long-term trading contracts.

The contract disaggregation module includes an upper market disaggregation unit, a lower market disassembly unit, and an executable power generation/consumption unit, and the upper market disassembly unit disassembles contracts for medium and long-term transactions in the upper market and analyzes them on a short-time scale. The lower market is configured to obtain the disaggregated value of the amount of electricity purchased or sold by the upper market from the upper market, and the lower market disaggregation unit disaggregates the medium and long term trading contracts of the lower market to calculate the consumption on a short time scale in the lower market. Constructed to obtain a disaggregated value of power-based energy consumption and/or generation-based power generation, viable power generation and consumption units can be purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale. The decomposition value of the generated power amount and the power consumption amount mainly for power consumption and/or the generated power amount mainly for power generation is configured to be the amount of power generation and power consumption that is executable on a short time scale.

Embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Additionally, the present application describes one or more computer-usable storage media (magnetic disk memory, compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), optical memory, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. This may take the form of a computer program product embodied in a computer program product, including, but not limited to.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to example embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or lock diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart diagrams and/or lock diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce equipment, thereby causing the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device to The executed instructions cause an apparatus to be configured to implement the functionality specified in a flow or flows in a flowchart and/or a block or blocks in a block diagram.

These computer program instructions may be stored in a computer readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, thereby causing the computer readable memory to causes the instructions stored in to produce an article of manufacture that includes a command device that implements the functions specified in a flow or flows in a flowchart and/or a block or blocks in a block diagram.

These computer program instructions may be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause the computer or other programmable data processing device to perform a series of operational steps to produce a process by the computer. , instructions executed by a computer or other programmable data processing device may execute steps for implementing the functions specified in a flow or flows in a flowchart and/or a block or blocks in a block diagram. provide.

Claims (10)

Determining a predicted value of the unbalanced net power amount of the lower market based on the amount of power generation and power consumption on a long-term scale of multiple trading entities in the operating entity of the lower market;
Based on the predicted value, balancing the supply and demand of intensive trading in the upper market and the lower market, respectively, and forming medium- to long-term trading contracts corresponding to the upper market and the lower market, respectively;
Decomposing the medium- to long-term transaction contract to obtain a viable amount of power generation and consumption on a short-term scale;
Engage in intensive trading on a short-time scale in the upper market based on the viable power generation and consumption amount on a short-time scale, and establish a short-term trading contract for the balance of power generation and consumption between the upper market and the lower market. including forming;
A connection method applied to the power generation/power consumption balance in a two-tier market. Balancing the supply and demand of intensive trading in the upper market and the lower market, respectively, based on the predicted value, and forming medium- to long-term trading contracts corresponding to the upper market and the lower market, respectively,
After declaring the predicted value in the upper market and participating in intensive trading to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the upper market, conducting intensive trading in the lower market based on the medium- to long-term trading contract in the upper market. to form medium- to long-term trading contracts in the lower market; or
After declaring the predicted value in the lower market and conducting intensive trading to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market, engage in concentrated trading in the upper market based on the medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market. including forming medium- to long-term transaction contracts in the upper market;
The method according to claim 1. After declaring the predicted value in the upper market and participating in intensive trading to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the upper market, conducting intensive trading in the lower market based on the medium- to long-term trading contract in the upper market. Forming medium- to long-term trading contracts in the lower market is
making the predicted value a declaration of the upper market;
forming medium- to long-term trading contracts in the upper market by engaging in concentrated trading in the upper market;
setting the result of the supply and demand balance of medium- to long-term transactions in the upper market as a boundary condition for the supply and demand balance in the lower market;
conducting intensive trading in the lower market based on the boundary condition to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market;
The method according to claim 2. After declaring the predicted value in the lower market and conducting intensive trading to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market, engage in concentrated trading in the upper market based on the medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market. Forming medium- to long-term transaction contracts in the upper market is based on
declaring the predicted value in the underlying market;
conducting concentrated trading in the lower market to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market;
reporting the difference in the result of supply and demand balance of mid- to long-term transactions in the lower market to the upper market;
and forming a medium- to long-term trading contract in the upper market by engaging in intensive trading in the upper market in response to a declaration from the upper market;
The method according to claim 2. Decomposing the medium- and long-term transaction contracts to obtain viable power generation and consumption amounts on a short-term scale,
decomposing the mid-to-long term transaction contract of the upper market to obtain a decomposed value of the amount of electricity purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale;
decomposing the medium-to-long-term transaction contract in the lower tier market, and obtaining a decomposed value of at least one of the amount of power consumed by the power consumer and the amount of power generated by the power generator on a short time scale in the lower tier market;
The amount of electricity purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale, and the decomposed value of at least one of the amount of power consumed by the power consumer and the amount of power generated by the power generator, on a short time scale. including setting the amount of power generation and consumption to be feasible;
The method according to claim 1. Engage in intensive trading on a short-time scale in the upper market based on the viable power generation and consumption amount on a short-time scale, and establish a short-term trading contract for the balance of power generation and consumption between the upper market and the lower market. To form is
between the decomposition value of the amount of electricity purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale and the decomposition value of at least one of the amount of power consumed by the power consumer and the amount of power generated by the power generator; Calculating the difference value of as the first deviation;
A predicted value of at least one of the amount of power consumed by the power consumer and the amount of power generated by the power generator on a short time scale, and at least one of the amount of power consumed by the power consumer and the amount of power generated by the power generator. Calculating a difference value between the decomposition value of and the decomposition value as a second deviation;
The first deviation and the second deviation are declared by the upper market, and short-term trading of the power generation/power consumption balance between the upper market and the lower market is performed by participating in concentrated trading on a short-time scale in the upper market. including forming a contract;
The method according to claim 5. The formula for calculating the first deviation is:

and
In this equation, Δ ^t _C denotes the first deviation in period t, and Q ^t denotes the decomposition value of the amount of electricity purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale in the period t. , g ^t _i indicates a decomposed value of the amount of power generated by power generating entity i in the period t, and l ^t _j represents a decomposed value of the amount of power consumed by power consuming entity j in the period t.
The method according to claim 6 . Including net electricity consumption module, medium- and long-term trading module, contract disassembly module and short-term trading module,
The net power amount module is configured to determine a predicted value of the unbalanced net power amount of the lower market based on the power generation amount and the power consumption amount on a long-term scale of a plurality of trading entities in the lower market operating entity. is,
The medium-to-long-term trading module balances the supply and demand of intensive trading in the upper market and the lower market, respectively, based on the predicted value, and forms medium- to long-term trading contracts corresponding to the upper market and the lower market, respectively. configured,
The contract decomposition module is configured to decompose the medium- to long-term transaction contract to obtain a viable amount of power generation and consumption on a short time scale,
The short-term trading module engages in intensive trading on a short-time scale of the upper market based on the viable power generation/consumption amount on a short-time scale, and the short-term trading module engages in intensive trading on a short-time scale of the upper market and the power generation/consumption of the upper market and the lower market. configured to form a power balance short-term trading contract;
A connection system applied to the power generation/power consumption balance in the two-tier market. The medium- to long-term trading module includes a first mode unit and a second mode unit,
The first mode unit reports the predicted value to the upper market and engages in intensive trading to form a medium- to long-term trading contract for the upper market, and then executes the forecast value based on the mid- to long-term trading contract for the upper market. configured to perform concentrated trading in the lower market to form medium- to long-term trading contracts in the lower market;
The second mode unit reports the predicted value to the lower market and performs intensive trading to form a medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market, and then converts the predicted value to the upper market based on the medium- to long-term trading contract in the lower market. configured to engage in centralized trading and form medium- to long-term trading contracts in the upper market;
The system according to claim 8. The contract disaggregation module includes an upper market disaggregation unit, a lower market disaggregation unit, and an executable power generation and consumption unit;
The upper market decomposition unit is configured to decompose the medium and long-term trading contracts of the upper market to obtain a decomposed value of the amount of electricity purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale;
The lower market disassembly unit disassembles the mid- to long-term transaction contracts of the lower market, and obtains a decomposed value of at least one of the amount of power consumed by power consumers and the amount of power generated by power generators on a short time scale in the lower market. is configured to obtain
The viable power generation/power consumption unit is the amount of power purchased or sold by the lower market from the upper market on a short time scale, and the amount of power consumed by the power consumer and the amount of power generated by the power generator. configured so that at least one decomposition value of is the feasible amount of power generation and consumption on a short time scale,
The system according to claim 8.

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