JP7367326B2 - Combustion catalyst molded body - Google Patents
Combustion catalyst molded body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7367326B2 JP7367326B2 JP2019067136A JP2019067136A JP7367326B2 JP 7367326 B2 JP7367326 B2 JP 7367326B2 JP 2019067136 A JP2019067136 A JP 2019067136A JP 2019067136 A JP2019067136 A JP 2019067136A JP 7367326 B2 JP7367326 B2 JP 7367326B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion catalyst
- molded body
- concentration
- catalyst molded
- iron oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 83
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 81
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 31
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 23
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 -FeO(OH)) Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910021519 iron(III) oxide-hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
本発明は、燃焼触媒成形体に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、触媒活性が高いだけでなく、取扱い性にも優れ、しかも取扱い時の粉塵発生を抑制することが可能な燃焼触媒成形体に関する。 The present invention relates to a combustion catalyst molded article. More specifically, the present invention relates to a combustion catalyst molded article that not only has high catalytic activity but also has excellent handling properties and can suppress dust generation during handling.
各種プラスチック製品等を含むごみは、通常、埋立て処理されるか又は焼却処理されるが、処理場不足の問題から、近年では、大半が焼却処理されている。 Garbage including various plastic products and the like is usually disposed of in landfills or incinerated, but in recent years most of it has been incinerated due to the problem of a shortage of disposal facilities.
前記焼却処理の際には、被焼却物を燃焼させるために燃料となる重油と酸化性ガスとして空気とを供給している。焼却処理の低コスト化のため、燃焼効率を高めて、重油を減らす等の検討がなされている。被焼却物の燃焼効率を向上させるために、被焼却物の燃焼を促進する効果を発揮する燃焼触媒の利用が試みられており、このような燃焼触媒として酸化鉄粒子が用いられてきている。 During the incineration process, heavy oil as a fuel and air as an oxidizing gas are supplied to burn the material to be incinerated. In order to reduce the cost of incineration, efforts are being made to improve combustion efficiency and reduce the amount of heavy oil used. In order to improve the combustion efficiency of materials to be incinerated, attempts have been made to utilize combustion catalysts that promote the combustion of materials to be incinerated, and iron oxide particles have been used as such combustion catalysts.
しかしながら、前記酸化鉄粒子は取扱いが容易ではなく、焼却処理の際に燃焼触媒として用いるには、専用の大型供給機や設備の導入が必要であり、イニシアルコストが上昇してしまう。また、供給時をはじめとして、酸化鉄粒子の取扱い時には、その粉塵の発生が著しく、現場の汚染の原因にもなる。 However, the iron oxide particles are not easy to handle, and in order to be used as a combustion catalyst during incineration, it is necessary to introduce a dedicated large-scale feeder and equipment, which increases the initial cost. In addition, when iron oxide particles are handled, including during supply, a significant amount of dust is generated, which can cause contamination at the site.
一方、前記酸化鉄粒子の一種を顔料粉体として配合して圧縮造粒物を製造し、セメント等の建築材のための着色用材料を得る技術が提案されている(特許文献1、2)。このような着色用材料は、顔料粉体である酸化鉄と、界面活性剤(特許文献1)や加工性を促進する補助物質(特許文献2)との混合物を圧縮、造粒して得られるものである。 On the other hand, a technique has been proposed in which a type of iron oxide particles is blended as a pigment powder to produce a compressed granule to obtain a coloring material for building materials such as cement (Patent Documents 1 and 2). . Such coloring materials are obtained by compressing and granulating a mixture of iron oxide, which is pigment powder, and surfactants (Patent Document 1) and auxiliary substances that promote processability (Patent Document 2). It is something.
前記着色用材料は、セメント等の建築材に対する分散性が良好で、取扱いも比較的良好であり、該建築材の着色に有用である。しかしながら、該着色用材料は、建築材用の着色剤としては有用であるものの、圧密されており、本用途では被焼却物への分散が難しい。触媒としての被焼却物との効率的な接触が適わないので、焼却処理における燃焼触媒として用い、適用させることは非常に困難である。 The coloring material has good dispersibility in building materials such as cement, is relatively easy to handle, and is useful for coloring building materials. However, although this coloring material is useful as a coloring agent for construction materials, it is compacted and difficult to disperse into materials to be incinerated for this purpose. Since it is not suitable for efficient contact with the material to be incinerated as a catalyst, it is very difficult to use and apply it as a combustion catalyst in incineration treatment.
このように、被焼却物の燃焼効率を向上させることが可能なうえに、取扱いが容易であり、しかも取扱い時の粉塵発生を抑制することが可能な、被焼却物の焼却処理に有用な燃焼触媒は、未だ見出されていない。 In this way, it is possible to improve the combustion efficiency of incinerated materials, and it is also easy to handle, and moreover, it is possible to suppress the generation of dust during handling. No catalyst has yet been discovered.
本発明に係る燃焼触媒成形体は、
酸化鉄粉末を含む組成物が成形されたものであり、JIS Z8841の規定に準拠した平均圧壊強度が0.5N~40.0Nである
ことを特徴とする。
The combustion catalyst molded article according to the present invention is
It is a molded composition containing iron oxide powder, and is characterized by an average crushing strength of 0.5N to 40.0N in accordance with the regulations of JIS Z8841.
前記燃焼触媒成形体は、好ましくは、
反応圧力:0.01MPa、反応温度:300℃、及び空間速度:100000h-1の条件下で、CO濃度:5.0%、O2濃度:2.5%、及びN2濃度:92.5%のCOと空気とを流通させた際の、下記式(1):
転化率(%)=[CO
2 濃度/(CO濃度+CO2濃度)]×100 (1)
より求められるCOからCO2への転化率が70%以上である。
The combustion catalyst molded body preferably includes:
Under the conditions of reaction pressure: 0.01 MPa, reaction temperature: 300 °C, and space velocity: 100000 h -1 , CO concentration: 5.0%, O 2 concentration: 2.5%, and N 2 concentration: 92.5. The following formula (1) when circulating % CO and air:
Conversion rate (%) = [ CO 2 concentration / (CO concentration + CO 2 concentration)] × 100 (1)
The conversion rate from CO to CO 2 is 70% or more.
前記燃焼触媒成形体は、好ましくは、
前記組成物中の前記酸化鉄粉末の含有量が85重量%以上である。
The combustion catalyst molded body preferably includes:
The content of the iron oxide powder in the composition is 85% by weight or more.
前記燃焼触媒成形体は、好ましくは、
成形体が、結合剤及び分散剤からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の炭素含有添加剤をさらに含む組成物が成形されたものであり、該成形体中の該炭素含有添加剤に由来の残存炭素量が1.2重量%以下である。
The combustion catalyst molded body preferably includes:
The molded article is a composition that further contains at least one carbon-containing additive selected from the group consisting of a binder and a dispersant, and the composition further contains at least one carbon-containing additive selected from the group consisting of a binder and a dispersant. The amount of residual carbon is 1.2% by weight or less.
本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、触媒活性が高いことから被焼却物の燃焼を促進する効果が大きいだけでなく、取扱い性にも優れ、例えばごみピットやごみホッパーへの直接供給が可能であることから、大型供給機や設備の導入が不要で、しかも、供給時等の取扱い時の粉塵発生を抑制することが可能である。 The combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention has a high catalytic activity, so it not only has a great effect of promoting the combustion of materials to be incinerated, but also has excellent handling properties, and can be directly supplied to a garbage pit or garbage hopper, for example. Therefore, it is not necessary to introduce a large-sized feeder or equipment, and moreover, it is possible to suppress the generation of dust during handling such as during feeding.
本発明の一実施態様に係る燃焼触媒成形体は、酸化鉄粉末を含む組成物が成形されたものである。酸化鉄は、3Fe2O3+CO→2Fe3O4+CO2等の化学反応式に表されるように、接触する相手物質を酸化(燃焼)させる触媒活性を有し、燃焼を促進する効果を発揮する。その結果、焼却処理時の重油、ガス、灯油等の助燃エネルギー削減に繋がり、コストを低減することができる。 A combustion catalyst molded body according to one embodiment of the present invention is a molded body of a composition containing iron oxide powder. Iron oxide has a catalytic activity that oxidizes (combusts) the other substance it comes into contact with, as expressed in the chemical reaction formula 3Fe 2 O 3 +CO → 2Fe 3 O 4 +CO 2 , and has the effect of promoting combustion. Demonstrate. As a result, it is possible to reduce auxiliary combustion energy such as heavy oil, gas, kerosene, etc. during incineration processing, and to reduce costs.
本発明に用いる酸化鉄粉末の原料となる、前記触媒活性を有する酸化鉄としては、例えば、ゲーサイト(α-FeO(OH))、アカゲナイト(β-FeO(OH))、レピドクロサイト(γ-FeO(OH))等の含水酸化鉄(FeO(OH))や、ヘマタイト(α-Fe2O3)、マグネタイト(Fe3O4)、マグヘマイト(γ-Fe2O3)等の酸化鉄が挙げられる。これらのうち、含水酸化鉄(FeO(OH))は、脱水反応を起してFe2O3に変化する際に、無数の細孔が生じ、その比表面積が著しく増大する。このように比表面積が増大することにより、相手物質との接触確率が上昇し、触媒活性が向上する傾向が大きい点から、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体に用いられる組成物には、前記ゲーサイト、アカゲナイト、レピドクロサイト等の含水酸化鉄が含まれることが好ましく、これらゲーサイト、アカゲナイト、及びレピドクロサイトを、単独で又は2種以上を混合して用いることが好ましい。 Examples of the iron oxide having catalytic activity, which is a raw material for the iron oxide powder used in the present invention, include goethite (α-FeO(OH)), achagenite (β-FeO(OH)), lepidocrocite (γ Hydrous iron oxides (FeO(OH)) such as -FeO(OH)), iron oxides such as hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), and maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) can be mentioned. Among these, when hydrated iron oxide (FeO(OH)) undergoes a dehydration reaction and changes to Fe 2 O 3 , countless pores are generated and its specific surface area increases significantly. The increase in the specific surface area increases the probability of contact with the other substance and tends to improve the catalytic activity. It is preferable that hydrated iron oxides such as , achagenite, and lepidocrocite are included, and it is preferable to use these goethite, achagenite, and lepidocrocite alone or in a mixture of two or more types.
前記酸化鉄に対して、例えば、アトマイザー、ピンミル、ヘンシェルミキサー等の一般的な粉砕装置を用いて粉砕処理を施すことにより、酸化鉄粉末を得ることができる。 Iron oxide powder can be obtained by subjecting the iron oxide to pulverization using a general pulverizer such as an atomizer, pin mill, or Henschel mixer.
本発明に用いられる酸化鉄粉末は、例えば、試料を酸で溶解し、プラズマ発光分光分析装置(SPS4000、セイコー電子工業(株)製)を用い分析して求められる酸化鉄の純度が、約75%~95%、さらには約80%~95%であることが好ましく、その他に、水分や原料由来の無機酸化物が含まれていてもよい。 The iron oxide powder used in the present invention has an iron oxide purity of about 75%, which is determined by dissolving a sample in acid and analyzing it using a plasma emission spectrometer (SPS4000, manufactured by Seiko Electronics Co., Ltd.). % to 95%, more preferably about 80% to 95%, and may also contain moisture and inorganic oxides derived from raw materials.
また、本発明に用いられる酸化鉄粉末は、
窒素によるB.E.T.法により測定したBET比表面積が、約3m2/g~320m2/g、さらには約5m2/g~320m2/g、であること、
レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定装置(SKレーザーマイクロンサイザーLMS-2000e、(株)セイシン企業製)により測定した粒子径(メジアン径D50)が、約0.5μm~22.0μm、さらには約1.0μm~20.0μmであること、
JIS K5101-12-1に準拠して測定したかさ密度が、約0.2g/cm3~1.2g/cm3、さらには約0.3g/cm3~1.0g/cm3であること、並びに
電子顕微鏡を用いて写真撮影を行い、そこに示された粒子80個の長軸径及び短軸径をそれぞれ測定し、その平均値で示したアスペクト比が、約1.0~5.2、さらには約1.0~5.0であること
が好ましい。なお、用いる酸化鉄の粒子形状には特に限定がなく、例えば、針状、板状、紡錘状等であればよい。
In addition, the iron oxide powder used in the present invention is
B. with nitrogen. E. T. The BET specific surface area measured by the method is about 3 m 2 /g to 320 m 2 /g, more preferably about 5 m 2 /g to 320 m 2 /g,
The particle diameter (median diameter D50) measured by a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution analyzer (SK Laser Micronsizer LMS-2000e, manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd.) is approximately 0.5 μm to 22.0 μm, and more preferably approximately 1.0 μm. Must be 0 μm to 20.0 μm,
The bulk density measured in accordance with JIS K5101-12-1 is approximately 0.2 g/cm 3 to 1.2 g/cm 3 , more preferably approximately 0.3 g/cm 3 to 1.0 g/cm 3 , and a photograph was taken using an electron microscope, and the major axis diameter and minor axis diameter of the 80 particles shown therein were measured, and the average aspect ratio was approximately 1.0 to 5. 2, more preferably about 1.0 to 5.0. Note that the shape of the iron oxide particles used is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, needle-like, plate-like, spindle-like, or the like.
通常、酸化鉱物粉末を用いて成形体を得る際には、成形体の形状を維持するために、酸化鉱物粉末に相当量の結合剤が添加される場合が多い。しかしながら、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、ごみ等の被焼却物を焼却する際の燃焼触媒であるので、後述するように、被焼却物と接触するまでは、成形体としての形状が維持され、かつ、被焼却物と接触する際には、容易に粉化されることが好ましい。粉化することで被焼却物と燃焼触媒成形体の酸化鉄とが効率よく接触し、効率的な触媒活性が発揮される。このような成形体としての形状維持と容易な粉化とのバランスを考慮すると、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、適切な強度を有することが必要とされる。よって、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体に適切な強度が付与されるようにするためには、前記組成物中の前記酸化鉄粉末の含有量は、好ましくは85重量%以上、より好ましくは90重量%以上、さらに好ましくは95重量%以上、特に好ましくは99重量%以上であり、該組成物が該酸化鉄粉末以外の結合剤等の添加剤を含まない、すなわち、該組成物中の該酸化鉄粉末の含有量が100重量%であってもよい。 Normally, when obtaining a molded body using mineral oxide powder, a considerable amount of a binder is often added to the mineral oxide powder in order to maintain the shape of the molded body. However, since the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention is a combustion catalyst for incinerating materials to be incinerated such as garbage, the shape as a molded object is maintained until it comes into contact with the material to be incinerated, as will be described later. , and it is preferable that the material be easily powdered when it comes into contact with the material to be incinerated. By pulverizing, the material to be incinerated and the iron oxide of the combustion catalyst molded body come into contact with each other efficiently, and efficient catalytic activity is exhibited. Considering the balance between maintaining the shape of the molded article and easy powdering, the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention is required to have appropriate strength. Therefore, in order to impart appropriate strength to the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention, the content of the iron oxide powder in the composition is preferably 85% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight. % or more, more preferably 95% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more by weight, and the composition does not contain additives such as a binder other than the iron oxide powder, that is, the oxidized The content of iron powder may be 100% by weight.
前記のとおり、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体を得るための組成物は、前記酸化鉄粉末のみで構成されていてもよいが、該酸化鉄粉末以外の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。該添加剤としては、例えば結合剤、分散剤等の炭素含有添加剤や、成形助剤等のその他の添加剤が挙げられる。 As described above, the composition for obtaining the combustion catalyst molded body of the present invention may be composed only of the iron oxide powder, but may also contain additives other than the iron oxide powder. Examples of such additives include carbon-containing additives such as binders and dispersants, and other additives such as forming aids.
前記結合剤としては、例えば、脂肪酸、セルロース、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、でんぷん、メチルセルロース、マルトース、カルボキシメチルセルロース等が好適に用いられる。前記分散剤としては、例えば、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、ラウリル酸、ロジンアミン、ラウリルアミン、オレイルアミン等が好適に用いられる。前記成形助剤としては、例えば、水和性のないアルミナ、α-アルミナ、アルミニウム塩、シリカ、粘土、タルク、ベントナイト、ゼオライト、コージェライト、チタニアアルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、希土類金属塩、ジルコニア、ムライト、セピオライト、モンモリロナイト、ハロサイト、サポライト、スチブンサイト、ヘクトライト、シリカアルミナ等が好適に用いられる。これらの分散剤は単独で又は2種以上を混合して用いることができる。 As the binder, for example, fatty acids, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, starch, methylcellulose, maltose, carboxymethylcellulose, etc. are preferably used. As the dispersant, for example, stearic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, rosin amine, lauryl amine, oleyl amine, etc. are preferably used. Examples of the forming aid include non-hydratable alumina, α-alumina, aluminum salt, silica, clay, talc, bentonite, zeolite, cordierite, titania alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt, rare earth metal salt. , zirconia, mullite, sepiolite, montmorillonite, hallosite, saporite, stevensite, hectorite, silica alumina, etc. are preferably used. These dispersants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
前記添加剤を用いる場合、組成物中の該添加剤の含有量は、前記酸化鉄粉末の残量の範囲内で、各添加剤の効果が発揮されるように適宜調整すればよく、例えば、酸化鉄粉末100重量部に対して、添加剤は約1.3重量部以下、さらには約1.2重量部以下であることが好ましい。なお、添加剤の中でも、特に前記炭素含有添加剤を酸化鉄粉末と共に用いる場合には、前記のとおり、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体に適切な強度が付与されるように、またコストが上昇してしまわないように考慮することが好ましい。例えば、炭素含有添加剤として結合剤を用いた成形体の場合、該成形体中の該結合剤に由来の残存炭素量は、1.2重量%以下、さらには1.1重量%以下、特に0.7重量%以下であることが好ましい。例えば、炭素含有添加剤として分散剤を用いた成形体の場合、該成形体中の該分散剤に由来の残存炭素量は、1.2重量%以下、さらには1.1重量%以下であることが好ましい。なお、成形体が、結合剤及び分散剤からなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の炭素含有添加剤をさらに含む組成物が成形されたものである場合は、該成形体中の該炭素含有添加剤に由来の残存炭素量は、1.2重量%以下、さらには1.1重量%以下であることが好ましい。 When using the additives, the content of the additives in the composition may be adjusted as appropriate within the remaining amount of the iron oxide powder so that the effects of each additive are exhibited, for example: The amount of the additive is preferably about 1.3 parts by weight or less, more preferably about 1.2 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the iron oxide powder. Among the additives, especially when using the above-mentioned carbon-containing additive together with iron oxide powder, as described above, it is necessary to impart appropriate strength to the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention and to avoid an increase in cost. It is preferable to take this into consideration so that it does not occur. For example, in the case of a molded body using a binder as a carbon-containing additive, the amount of residual carbon derived from the binder in the molded body is 1.2% by weight or less, further 1.1% by weight or less, particularly It is preferably 0.7% by weight or less. For example, in the case of a molded body using a dispersant as a carbon-containing additive, the amount of residual carbon derived from the dispersant in the molded body is 1.2% by weight or less, further 1.1% by weight or less. It is preferable. In addition, when the molded object is molded from a composition that further contains at least one carbon-containing additive selected from the group consisting of a binder and a dispersant, the carbon-containing additive in the molded object The amount of residual carbon derived from the agent is preferably 1.2% by weight or less, more preferably 1.1% by weight or less.
前記残存炭素量は、各炭素含有添加剤の炭素量、分子量、及び添加量(組成物中の含有量(重量%))を用い、下記式(2)より求めた。
残存炭素量(重量%)=(炭素量/分子量)×添加量 (2)
また、前記残存炭素量は、カーボンアナライザー等を用いても求めることができる。
The residual carbon amount was determined from the following formula (2) using the carbon amount, molecular weight, and addition amount (content in the composition (weight %)) of each carbon-containing additive.
Amount of residual carbon (weight%) = (amount of carbon/molecular weight) x amount added (2)
Further, the amount of residual carbon can also be determined using a carbon analyzer or the like.
前記組成物は、前記酸化鉄粉末及び必要に応じて前記添加剤を、組成物中の各々の含有量が例えば前記範囲内となるように調整して配合し、回転式混合機、攪拌式混合機、ハイスピードミキサー等で乾式混合することによって調製することができる。 The composition is prepared by adjusting and blending the iron oxide powder and, if necessary, the additives so that the content of each in the composition is, for example, within the above range, and then mixing using a rotary mixer or an agitating mixer. It can be prepared by dry mixing using a machine, high-speed mixer, etc.
本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、前記のごとく調製した組成物を成形することによって得られるが、該組成物に、分散媒体として、例えば水及び/又はアルコール類を添加し、粘土状混練物としたのちに成形することもできる。このような分散媒体を用いる場合には、組成物100重量部に対して約20重量部~50重量部の分散媒体を配合し、粘土状混練物とすることが好ましい。 The combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention is obtained by molding the composition prepared as described above, and by adding, for example, water and/or alcohol as a dispersion medium to the composition, a clay-like kneaded product is formed. It can also be shaped afterwards. When using such a dispersion medium, it is preferable to mix about 20 to 50 parts by weight of the dispersion medium to 100 parts by weight of the composition to form a clay-like kneaded product.
成形方法には特に限定がなく、例えば、圧縮成形、プレス成形、打錠成形等の方法を採用することができる。また、各成形方法における成形条件にも特に限定がなく、所望の成形体が製造されるように適宜調整することが好ましい。 There are no particular limitations on the molding method, and for example, methods such as compression molding, press molding, and tablet molding can be employed. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the molding conditions for each molding method, and it is preferable to adjust them as appropriate so that a desired molded article can be produced.
例えば前記成形方法によって得られる成形物を、必要に応じて、規定の目開きを有するふるいにかけた後、例えば、自然乾燥、熱風乾燥、真空乾燥等の方法にて乾燥させることにより、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体を製造することができる。また、乾燥前後での収縮率は5%以下であり、成形物の形状と燃焼触媒成形体の形状とはほぼ一致する。前記ふるいを用いる場合、ふるいの目開きは、所望する燃焼触媒成形体のサイズを考慮して適宜選択すればよい。また、これらの乾燥方法における乾燥条件も、所望の燃焼触媒成形体が製造される限り特に限定がない。なお、例えばこのような乾燥方法にて乾燥させた燃焼触媒成形体に、さらに熱処理を施すことも可能であるが、成形体の細孔が潰れて触媒活性が低下する恐れがあるほか、製造コストが上昇する傾向があるので、通常はこのような熱処理は行わなくてもよい。 For example, the molded product obtained by the above-mentioned molding method may be passed through a sieve having a specified opening, if necessary, and then dried by a method such as natural drying, hot air drying, or vacuum drying. A combustion catalyst molded body can be manufactured. Moreover, the shrinkage rate before and after drying is 5% or less, and the shape of the molded article and the shape of the combustion catalyst molded article almost match. When using the sieve, the opening of the sieve may be appropriately selected in consideration of the desired size of the combustion catalyst molded body. Furthermore, the drying conditions in these drying methods are not particularly limited as long as the desired combustion catalyst molded body is produced. Note that, for example, it is possible to further heat-treat the combustion catalyst molded body dried by such a drying method, but there is a risk that the pores of the molded body will be crushed and the catalytic activity will decrease, and the manufacturing cost will be increased. Since this tends to increase the temperature, such heat treatment is usually not necessary.
かくして製造される本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、JIS Z8841の規定に準拠した平均圧壊強度が0.5N~40.0Nである。前記のとおり、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、ごみ等の被焼却物を焼却する際の燃焼触媒であるので、被焼却物と接触するまでは、取扱い性の向上及び粉塵発生の抑制の点から、成形体としての形状が維持され、かつ、被焼却物と接触する際には、その接触面積の増大による触媒活性の向上の点から、容易に粉化されることが好ましい。このような成形体としての形状維持と容易な粉化とのバランスを考慮すると、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、適切な強度を有することが必要とされる。よって、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、JIS Z8841の規定に準拠した平均圧壊強度が、0.5N以上、好ましくは1.0N以上、より好ましくは1.5N以上であり、40.0N以下、好ましくは39.5N以下、より好ましくは39.0N以下である。平均圧壊強度が0.5N未満の場合には、所望の触媒活性が得られるものの、粉塵の発生を充分に抑制することができない。また平均圧壊強度が40.0Nを超える場合には、粉塵の発生を充分に抑制することができるものの、所望の触媒活性を得ることができない。 The combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention thus produced has an average crushing strength of 0.5N to 40.0N in accordance with the regulations of JIS Z8841. As mentioned above, the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention is a combustion catalyst for incinerating materials to be incinerated such as garbage, and therefore, until it comes into contact with materials to be incinerated, it is difficult to improve handleability and suppress dust generation. Therefore, it is preferable that the shape of the molded body is maintained and that when it comes into contact with the material to be incinerated, it is easily pulverized from the viewpoint of improving the catalytic activity by increasing the contact area. Considering the balance between maintaining the shape of the molded article and easy powdering, the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention is required to have appropriate strength. Therefore, the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention has an average crushing strength of 0.5N or more, preferably 1.0N or more, more preferably 1.5N or more, and 40.0N or less, according to the regulations of JIS Z8841. Preferably it is 39.5N or less, more preferably 39.0N or less. If the average crushing strength is less than 0.5N, the desired catalytic activity can be obtained, but the generation of dust cannot be sufficiently suppressed. Moreover, when the average crushing strength exceeds 40.0 N, although the generation of dust can be sufficiently suppressed, the desired catalytic activity cannot be obtained.
なお、本明細書において、成形体の平均圧壊強度とは、引張・圧縮型ロードセルを用いて測定した値を、JIS Z8841に規定の方法に準拠して評価した、100個の値の平均値をいう。 In addition, in this specification, the average crushing strength of a molded object is the average value of 100 values measured using a tension/compression type load cell and evaluated in accordance with the method specified in JIS Z8841. say.
また、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、反応圧力:0.01MPa、反応温度:300℃、及び空間速度:100000h-1の条件下で、CO濃度:5.0%、O2濃度:2.5%、及びN2濃度:92.5%のCOと空気とを流通させた際の、COからCO2への転化率が、好ましくは70%以上、より好ましくは72%以上、特に好ましくは75%以上である。転化率が70%未満の場合には、燃焼触媒成形体の触媒活性が不充分で、ごみ等の被焼却物を焼却する際に、被焼却物の燃焼を促進する効果が充分に発揮されない恐れがある。また、高い触媒活性を得るという点から、該転化率は高いほど好ましいが、前記条件に基づく転化率は、通常約90%以下である。 Further, the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention was produced under the conditions of reaction pressure: 0.01 MPa, reaction temperature: 300°C, and space velocity: 100000 h -1 , CO concentration: 5.0%, O 2 concentration: 2. 5% and N2 concentration: 92.5% when CO and air are circulated, the conversion rate from CO to CO2 is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 72% or more, particularly preferably It is 75% or more. If the conversion rate is less than 70%, the catalytic activity of the combustion catalyst molded body is insufficient, and there is a risk that the effect of promoting the combustion of incineration materials such as garbage may not be sufficiently exhibited when incinerating materials to be incinerated such as garbage. There is. Further, from the viewpoint of obtaining high catalytic activity, the higher the conversion rate, the better, but the conversion rate based on the above conditions is usually about 90% or less.
なお、燃焼触媒成形体の触媒活性は、COからCO2への転化率を算出することで判断している。触媒活性評価は、反応管に成形体を充填した触媒管に対して、前記条件下で前記組成のCOと空気とを流通させて実施した。COからCO2への転化率は、反応後のガス中のCO濃度及びCO2濃度の測定を行い、下記式(1)より求めた。
転化率(%)=[CO
2 濃度/(CO濃度+CO2濃度)]×100 (1)
Note that the catalytic activity of the combustion catalyst molded body is determined by calculating the conversion rate from CO to CO 2 . Catalytic activity evaluation was carried out by flowing CO and air having the above composition under the above conditions through a catalyst tube filled with molded bodies. The conversion rate from CO to CO 2 was determined from the following formula (1) by measuring the CO concentration and CO 2 concentration in the gas after the reaction.
Conversion rate (%) = [ CO 2 concentration / (CO concentration + CO 2 concentration)] × 100 (1)
燃焼触媒成形体の形状には特に限定がなく、通常の燃焼触媒に採用され得る形状であればよい。該形状としては、例えば、球状、円柱状、中空円柱状、ペレット状等が挙げられる。 There is no particular limitation on the shape of the combustion catalyst molded body, and any shape that can be adopted as a normal combustion catalyst may be used. Examples of the shape include a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a hollow cylindrical shape, a pellet shape, and the like.
燃焼触媒成形体のサイズにも特に限定がなく、やはり通常の燃焼触媒に採用され得るサイズであればよい。例えば、球状の燃焼触媒成形体の場合には、通常、径が好ましくは0.5mm~10mm、より好ましくは0.5mm~5mmである。例えば、円柱状の燃焼触媒成形体の場合には、通常、高さ(長軸)が好ましくは1mm~10mm、より好ましくは1mm~8mmであり、直径(短軸)が好ましくは1mm~2mm、より好ましくは1mm~1.8mmである。 There is no particular limitation on the size of the combustion catalyst molded body, and it may be any size that can be adopted as a normal combustion catalyst. For example, in the case of a spherical combustion catalyst molded body, the diameter is usually preferably 0.5 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm. For example, in the case of a cylindrical combustion catalyst molded body, the height (long axis) is usually preferably 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 1 mm to 8 mm, and the diameter (short axis) is preferably 1 mm to 2 mm, More preferably, it is 1 mm to 1.8 mm.
本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、触媒活性が高いことから、ごみ等の被焼却物の燃焼を促進する効果が大きいのは勿論のこと、従来の粉末の燃焼触媒とは異なり、成形体であるので、取扱い性にも優れ、例えばごみピットやごみホッパーへの直接供給が可能であることから、特別な大型供給機や設備の導入が不要で、イニシアルコストを大幅に削減することができる。しかも、供給時等の取扱い時の粉塵発生を抑制することが可能であることから、汚染対策設備の導入も不要であり、作業性が向上するだけでなく、やはりコストを大幅に削減することができる。 Since the combustion catalyst molded body of the present invention has high catalytic activity, it is of course highly effective in promoting the combustion of incinerated materials such as garbage, and unlike conventional powder combustion catalysts, it is a molded body. Therefore, it has excellent handling properties, and can be directly supplied to a garbage pit or garbage hopper, for example, so there is no need to introduce a special large-scale feeder or equipment, and the initial cost can be significantly reduced. Moreover, since it is possible to suppress the generation of dust during handling such as during supply, there is no need to introduce pollution control equipment, which not only improves work efficiency but also significantly reduces costs. can.
以下に、実施例及び比較例を挙げて、本発明の燃焼触媒成形体をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Below, the combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
まず、以下の実施例1~6及び比較例1~3において、燃焼触媒成形体を製造した。 First, combustion catalyst molded bodies were produced in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 below.
<実施例1>
以下の特性及び形状を有するゲーサイト(α-FeO(OH))を準備した。
FeO(OH)純度:87.0%
BET比表面積:73.5m2/g
粒子径(メジアン径D50):14.3μm
かさ密度:0.52g/cm3
アスペクト比:3.5
粒子形状:紡錘状
<Example 1>
Goethite (α-FeO(OH)) having the following properties and shape was prepared.
FeO(OH) purity: 87.0%
BET specific surface area: 73.5m 2 /g
Particle size (median diameter D50): 14.3 μm
Bulk density: 0.52g/ cm3
Aspect ratio: 3.5
Particle shape: spindle shape
前記ゲーサイト528gをアトマイザーにて粉砕し、ゲーサイト粉末を得た。このゲーサイト粉末に水147gを配合して混練し、粘土状混練物とした。得られた粘土状混練物675gから、製丸機(PT-6015A、フロイント・ターボ社製)を用いてΦ1.0~1.5mm程度の成形物を得た。得られた成形物を、JIS Z8801にて規定の標準ふるい(目開き:1.41mm)にかけた後、80℃にて360分間に亘って乾燥させ、球状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。 528 g of the goethite was pulverized using an atomizer to obtain goethite powder. This goethite powder was mixed with 147 g of water and kneaded to obtain a clay-like kneaded product. From 675 g of the obtained clay-like kneaded material, a molded product with a diameter of about 1.0 to 1.5 mm was obtained using a round making machine (PT-6015A, manufactured by Freund Turbo). The obtained molded product was passed through a standard sieve (mesh opening: 1.41 mm) specified in JIS Z8801, and then dried at 80° C. for 360 minutes to obtain a spherical combustion catalyst molded product.
<実施例2>
実施例1において、実施例1と同じ製丸機を用いてΦ2.4~2.8mm程度の成形物を得た後、この成形物をJIS Z8801にて規定の標準ふるい(目開き:2.83mm)にかけたほかは、実施例1と同様にして球状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Example 2>
In Example 1, a molded product with a diameter of approximately 2.4 to 2.8 mm was obtained using the same round-making machine as in Example 1, and then the molded product was passed through a standard sieve (mesh opening: 2.8 mm) specified in JIS Z8801. A spherical combustion catalyst molded body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the molded body was heated to a diameter of 83 mm).
<実施例3>
前記ゲーサイト724gをアトマイザーにて粉砕し、ゲーサイト粉末を得た。このゲーサイト粉末に水212g及びメチルセルロース8.4g(ゲーサイト粉末100重量部に対して約1.16重量部)を配合して混練し、粘土状混練物とした。得られた粘土状混練物944.4gから、実施例1と同じ製丸機を用いてΦ3.4~4.2mm程度の成形物を得た。得られた成形物を、JIS Z8801にて規定の標準ふるい(目開き:4.00mm)にかけた後、60℃にて720分間に亘って乾燥させ、球状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Example 3>
724 g of the goethite was pulverized using an atomizer to obtain goethite powder. This goethite powder was mixed with 212 g of water and 8.4 g of methylcellulose (approximately 1.16 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the goethite powder) and kneaded to obtain a clay-like kneaded product. From 944.4 g of the obtained clay-like kneaded material, a molded product with a diameter of about 3.4 to 4.2 mm was obtained using the same round machine as in Example 1. The obtained molded product was passed through a standard sieve (mesh opening: 4.00 mm) specified in JIS Z8801, and then dried at 60° C. for 720 minutes to obtain a spherical combustion catalyst molded product.
<実施例4>
実施例1で用いたものと同じゲーサイト粉末1000gと水270gとを、HBN-10D型双腕型バッチニーダー(本田鐵工(株)製)を用いて混練し、粘土状混練物とした。得られた粘土状混練物1270gを、PV-5S/11-200型ファインディスクペレッター(ダルトン社製、目開き:1mm)を用いて成形及び乾燥し、円柱状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Example 4>
1000 g of the same goethite powder used in Example 1 and 270 g of water were kneaded using an HBN-10D double-arm batch kneader (manufactured by Honda Iron Works Co., Ltd.) to obtain a clay-like kneaded product. 1270 g of the obtained clay-like kneaded material was molded and dried using a PV-5S/11-200 type fine disc pelleter (manufactured by Dalton, opening: 1 mm) to obtain a cylindrical combustion catalyst molded body. .
<実施例5>
実施例4において、分散媒体である水の量を330gに変更し、粘土状混練物1330gを用いたほかは、実施例4と同様にして円柱状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Example 5>
A cylindrical combustion catalyst molded body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the amount of water as a dispersion medium was changed to 330 g and 1330 g of clay-like kneaded material was used.
<実施例6>
実施例4において、分散媒体である水の量を500gに変更し、粘土状混練物1500gを用いたほかは、実施例4と同様にして円柱状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Example 6>
A cylindrical combustion catalyst molded body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the amount of water as a dispersion medium was changed to 500 g, and 1500 g of clay-like kneaded material was used.
<比較例1>
実施例1で用いたものと同じゲーサイト粉末25gを、粉末成形機(HANDTAB-200、市橋精機(株)製)を用いて5.2kNの成形荷重で加圧して成形し、成形物を得た。得られた成形物を、JIS Z8801にて規定の標準ふるい(目開き:3.36mm)にかけた後、室温にて60分間に亘って自然乾燥させ、球状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Comparative example 1>
25 g of the same goethite powder used in Example 1 was pressurized and molded using a powder molding machine (HANDTAB-200, manufactured by Ichihashi Seiki Co., Ltd.) under a molding load of 5.2 kN to obtain a molded product. Ta. The obtained molded product was passed through a standard sieve (mesh opening: 3.36 mm) specified in JIS Z8801, and then air-dried at room temperature for 60 minutes to obtain a spherical combustion catalyst molded product.
<比較例2>
実施例1で用いたものと同じゲーサイト粉末845gとカルボキシメチルセルロース65g(ゲーサイト粉末100重量部に対して約7.69重量部)とを、ハイスピードミキサーで乾式混合した。これに水211gを配合して混練し、粘土状混練物とした。実施例1において、前記得られた粘土状混練物1121gを用いたほかは、実施例1と同様にして球状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Comparative example 2>
845 g of the same goethite powder used in Example 1 and 65 g of carboxymethyl cellulose (approximately 7.69 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the goethite powder) were dry mixed using a high-speed mixer. This was mixed with 211 g of water and kneaded to obtain a clay-like kneaded product. A spherical combustion catalyst molded body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1121 g of the obtained clay-like kneaded material was used.
<比較例3>
実施例1で用いたものと同じゲーサイト粉末1000gと、予め水330gにポリビニルアルコール15g(ゲーサイト粉末100重量部に対して1.5重量部)を溶解したものとを、実施例4と同じバッチニーダーを用いて混練し、粘土状混練物とした。得られた粘土状混練物1345gを、実施例4と同じファインディスクペレッターを用いて成形及び乾燥し、円柱状の燃焼触媒成形体を得た。
<Comparative example 3>
1000 g of the same goethite powder used in Example 1 and 15 g of polyvinyl alcohol (1.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of goethite powder) dissolved in 330 g of water in advance were added to the same powder as in Example 4. The mixture was kneaded using a batch kneader to obtain a clay-like kneaded product. 1345 g of the obtained clay-like kneaded material was molded and dried using the same fine disc pelleter as in Example 4 to obtain a cylindrical combustion catalyst molded body.
次に、以下の試験例1~3において、実施例1~6及び比較例1~3にて製造した燃焼触媒成形体の評価を行った。これらの結果を、燃焼触媒成形体を構成する組成物中のゲーサイト粉末の含有量、並びに燃焼触媒成形体中の結合剤に由来の残存炭素量、成形体の形状及びサイズと共に後の表1に示す。 Next, in Test Examples 1 to 3 below, the combustion catalyst molded bodies produced in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were evaluated. These results are shown in Table 1 below, along with the content of goethite powder in the composition constituting the combustion catalyst molded body, the amount of residual carbon derived from the binder in the combustion catalyst molded body, and the shape and size of the molded body. Shown below.
<試験例1:平均圧壊強度の測定>
引張・圧縮型ロードセルDPU-500N及び縦型電動計測スタンドEMX-1000N((株)イマダ製)を用いて測定した値を、JIS Z8841に規定の方法に準拠して評価した。得られた100個の値から平均値を求め、平均圧壊強度(N)とした。
<Test Example 1: Measurement of average crushing strength>
Values measured using a tension/compression type load cell DPU-500N and a vertical electric measuring stand EMX-1000N (manufactured by Imada Co., Ltd.) were evaluated in accordance with the method specified in JIS Z8841. The average value was determined from the 100 values obtained and was defined as the average crushing strength (N).
<試験例2:触媒活性の評価>
直径10mmのステンレススチール製反応管に、燃焼触媒成形体を1g~20g充填して触媒管を作製した。この触媒管に、反応圧力:0.01MPa、反応温度:300℃、及び空間速度:100000h-1の条件下で、CO濃度:5.0%、O2濃度:2.5%、及びN2濃度:92.5%のCOと空気とを流通させ、CO酸化反応を実施した。得られたCO濃度及びCO2濃度の値を用い、下記式(1)よりCOからCO2への転化率(%)を求めた。
転化率(%)=[CO
2 濃度/(CO濃度+CO2濃度)]×100 (1)
<Test Example 2: Evaluation of catalyst activity>
A catalyst tube was prepared by filling a stainless steel reaction tube with a diameter of 10 mm with 1 g to 20 g of the combustion catalyst molded body. In this catalyst tube, CO concentration: 5.0%, O 2 concentration: 2.5%, and N 2 were added under the conditions of reaction pressure: 0.01 MPa, reaction temperature: 300°C, and space velocity: 100000 h -1 . CO oxidation reaction was carried out by circulating CO with a concentration of 92.5% and air. Using the values of the obtained CO concentration and CO 2 concentration, the conversion rate (%) from CO to CO 2 was determined from the following formula (1).
Conversion rate (%) = [ CO 2 concentration / (CO concentration + CO 2 concentration)] × 100 (1)
<試験例3:粉塵発生の抑制の評価>
外径が約80mm、深さが約15mmの円型シャーレを用意し、このシャーレの底面から高さ50cmの位置に試験台を設けた。30gの燃焼触媒成形体を、無風状態においてこの試験台からシャーレの底面に向かって垂直に自然落下させ、シャーレ内に収まった燃焼触媒成形体の量を測定した。この自然落下試験を5回行って測定値の平均値を求め、以下の評価基準に基づいて評価した。
(評価基準)
〇:29.4g(98%)以上の燃焼触媒成形体がシャーレ内に収まった。
△:27.9g(93%)以上、29.4g(98%)未満の燃焼触媒成形体がシャーレ内に収まった。
×:27.9g(93%)未満の燃焼触媒成形体しかシャーレ内に収まらなかった。
<Test Example 3: Evaluation of suppression of dust generation>
A circular Petri dish with an outer diameter of approximately 80 mm and a depth of approximately 15 mm was prepared, and a test stand was provided at a height of 50 cm from the bottom of the Petri dish. A 30 g combustion catalyst molded body was allowed to naturally fall vertically from this test stand toward the bottom of the Petri dish in a windless state, and the amount of the combustion catalyst molded body that fell into the Petri dish was measured. This natural fall test was performed five times, the average value of the measured values was determined, and the evaluation was made based on the following evaluation criteria.
(Evaluation criteria)
Good: 29.4 g (98%) or more of the combustion catalyst molded body was accommodated in the petri dish.
Δ: 27.9 g (93%) or more but less than 29.4 g (98%) of the combustion catalyst molded body was accommodated in the petri dish.
×: Only less than 27.9 g (93%) of the combustion catalyst molded body was accommodated in the petri dish.
表1に示すように、比較例1で得られた燃焼触媒成形体は、平均圧壊強度が0.5N未満と低い。よって、この比較例1で得られた燃焼触媒成形体は、反応温度が300℃のときのCOからCO2への転化率は80%を超えており、高い触媒活性を有しているものの、50cmの高さから自然落下させると、落下の衝撃により粉化することで7%以上の未回収が生じ、取扱い時の粉塵の発生が著しい。 As shown in Table 1, the combustion catalyst molded body obtained in Comparative Example 1 had a low average crushing strength of less than 0.5N. Therefore, the combustion catalyst molded body obtained in Comparative Example 1 has a conversion rate of CO to CO 2 of over 80% when the reaction temperature is 300°C, and has high catalytic activity. When it is allowed to fall naturally from a height of 50 cm, the impact of the fall causes it to turn into powder, resulting in more than 7% of the material being unrecovered, and a significant amount of dust is generated during handling.
また、比較例2~3で得られた燃焼触媒成形体は、いずれも平均圧壊強度が40.0Nを超えて高い。よって、これら比較例2~3で得られた燃焼触媒成形体は、50cmの高さから自然落下させても、いずれも100%に近い量の成形体を回収することができ、取扱い時に粉塵の発生が抑制されるものの、成形時に圧密されていることから触媒用面の有効面積が減少するため、反応温度が300℃のときのCOからCO2への転化率がいずれも60%にも到達しておらず、触媒活性が非常に低い。 Furthermore, the combustion catalyst molded bodies obtained in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 all had high average crushing strengths exceeding 40.0N. Therefore, even when the combustion catalyst molded bodies obtained in Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are allowed to fall naturally from a height of 50 cm, close to 100% of the molded bodies can be recovered, and there is no dust during handling. Although generation is suppressed, the effective area of the catalyst surface is reduced due to compaction during molding, so the conversion rate from CO to CO 2 reaches 60% when the reaction temperature is 300°C. catalytic activity is very low.
これに対して、実施例1~6で得られた燃焼触媒成形体は、いずれも平均圧壊強度が0.5N~40.0Nの範囲の成形体である。よって、これら実施例1~6で得られた燃焼触媒成形体は、反応温度が300℃のときのCOからCO2への転化率がいずれも80%を超えており、非常に高い触媒活性を有している。また、これら実施例1~6で得られた燃焼触媒成形体を、50cmの高さから自然落下させても、いずれも100%に近い量の成形体を回収することができ、取扱い時に粉塵の発生が充分に抑制され得る。 On the other hand, the combustion catalyst molded bodies obtained in Examples 1 to 6 all have an average crushing strength in the range of 0.5N to 40.0N. Therefore, the combustion catalyst molded bodies obtained in Examples 1 to 6 all have a conversion rate of CO to CO 2 of over 80% when the reaction temperature is 300°C, and exhibit extremely high catalytic activity. have. Furthermore, even when the combustion catalyst molded bodies obtained in Examples 1 to 6 are allowed to fall naturally from a height of 50 cm, nearly 100% of the molded bodies can be recovered, and dust is removed during handling. The occurrence can be sufficiently suppressed.
本発明の燃焼触媒成形体は、各種プラスチック製品等を含むごみ等の被焼却物の焼却処理における燃焼触媒として非常に有用である。 The combustion catalyst molded article of the present invention is very useful as a combustion catalyst in the incineration treatment of materials to be incinerated such as garbage including various plastic products.
Claims (3)
前記組成物中の前記酸化鉄粉末の含有量が90重量%以上であることを特徴とする、燃焼触媒成形体。 A composition containing iron oxide powder is molded, and has an average crushing strength of 0.5N to 40.0N in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z8841,
A combustion catalyst molded article, wherein the content of the iron oxide powder in the composition is 90% by weight or more .
転化率(%)=[CO2濃度/(CO濃度+CO2濃度)]×100 (1)
より求められるCOからCO2への転化率が70%以上である、請求項1に記載の燃焼触媒成形体。 Under the conditions of reaction pressure: 0.01 MPa, reaction temperature: 300 °C, and space velocity: 100000 h -1 , CO concentration: 5.0%, O 2 concentration: 2.5%, and N 2 concentration: 92.5. The following formula (1) when circulating % CO and air:
Conversion rate (%) = [CO 2 concentration / (CO concentration + CO 2 concentration)] × 100 (1)
The combustion catalyst molded article according to claim 1, which has a conversion rate of CO to CO2 of 70% or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019067136A JP7367326B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Combustion catalyst molded body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019067136A JP7367326B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Combustion catalyst molded body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2020163313A JP2020163313A (en) | 2020-10-08 |
| JP7367326B2 true JP7367326B2 (en) | 2023-10-24 |
Family
ID=72716795
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019067136A Active JP7367326B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Combustion catalyst molded body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7367326B2 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000297911A (en) | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-24 | Toda Kogyo Corp | Method for incinerating refuse |
| JP2002085974A (en) | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-26 | Okura Ind Co Ltd | Hydrous iron oxide combustion catalyst, method for producing the same, and thermoplastic resin molded article containing the same |
| JP2003154234A (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-27 | Tetsugen Corp | Porous hydrated oxide for adsorbing and decomposing dioxins from combustion waste gas, and method for removing or reducing dioxin using the same |
| JP2009125651A (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2009-06-11 | Mino Ceramic Co Ltd | Decomposition-removing method of hydrogen sulfide gas, and decomposition treatment device of hydrogen sulfide gas |
| JP2009233662A (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-10-15 | Toda Kogyo Corp | Porous catalytic body decomposing hydrocarbon, and its manufacturing method, method of manufacturing mixed reformed gas containing hydrogen, and fuel cell system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6193836A (en) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-05-12 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | Preparation of catalyst |
| JP2696733B2 (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1998-01-14 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Method for producing crystalline silicon nitride powder |
| JP3340290B2 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 2002-11-05 | 大倉工業株式会社 | Incineration method |
| JP4144931B2 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2008-09-03 | 戸田工業株式会社 | Iron compound catalyst for dioxin suppression and method for incineration of garbage using the iron compound catalyst |
-
2019
- 2019-03-29 JP JP2019067136A patent/JP7367326B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000297911A (en) | 1999-04-14 | 2000-10-24 | Toda Kogyo Corp | Method for incinerating refuse |
| JP2002085974A (en) | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-26 | Okura Ind Co Ltd | Hydrous iron oxide combustion catalyst, method for producing the same, and thermoplastic resin molded article containing the same |
| JP2003154234A (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-27 | Tetsugen Corp | Porous hydrated oxide for adsorbing and decomposing dioxins from combustion waste gas, and method for removing or reducing dioxin using the same |
| JP2009125651A (en) | 2007-11-22 | 2009-06-11 | Mino Ceramic Co Ltd | Decomposition-removing method of hydrogen sulfide gas, and decomposition treatment device of hydrogen sulfide gas |
| JP2009233662A (en) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-10-15 | Toda Kogyo Corp | Porous catalytic body decomposing hydrocarbon, and its manufacturing method, method of manufacturing mixed reformed gas containing hydrogen, and fuel cell system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2020163313A (en) | 2020-10-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Cheng et al. | Mitigation of ultrafine particulate matter emission from agricultural biomass pellet combustion by the additive of phosphoric acid modified kaolin | |
| CA2238281C (en) | Metal powder granulates, method for their production and use of the same | |
| US20100209965A1 (en) | Catalytic pyrolysis of fine particulate biomass, and method for reducing the particle size of solid biomass particles | |
| KR102941296B1 (en) | Aluminum nitride powder and manufacturing method | |
| Dang et al. | A promising tritium breeding material: Nanostructured 2Li2TiO3-Li4SiO4 biphasic ceramic pebbles | |
| Yang et al. | Nanophase and superfine cemented carbides processed by powder injection molding | |
| US5002917A (en) | Molded articles based on pyrogenically produced titanium dioxide method for their manufacturing and uses | |
| JP2018516750A (en) | Method for producing multielement oxide containing bismuth and tungsten by coprecipitation | |
| JP6540359B2 (en) | Modified carbon material for producing sintered ore and method for producing sintered ore using the same | |
| JP7367326B2 (en) | Combustion catalyst molded body | |
| JP3706176B2 (en) | Aluminum nitride granules and method for producing the same | |
| Trinh et al. | Morphological characteristics of silica nanoparticles derived from rice husk for expected agricultural application | |
| CN107324796A (en) | A kind of carbon/magnesium aluminate spinel composite powder | |
| AU664334B2 (en) | High surface purity heat transfer solids for high temperature fluidized bed reactions | |
| US9283637B2 (en) | Friction stir weld tools having fine grain structure | |
| JP2989126B2 (en) | Pressed product based on oxide produced by pyrolysis and method for producing the same | |
| Nakamura et al. | Low temperature sintered Ni-Zn-Cu ferrite | |
| Abe et al. | Mechanochemically assisted preparation process of barium hexaferrite powders | |
| JP4378160B2 (en) | Porous granular basic magnesium carbonate and method for producing the same | |
| EP4642744A1 (en) | Mechanochemical activation of clays | |
| US4789659A (en) | Catalyst of a sintered iron oxide-containing article | |
| DE2517543A1 (en) | Agglomeration of steel plant waste dusts - by hydrothermal treatment of an aged wet mixt of dust, bonding agent and silica | |
| JP2008280217A (en) | Aluminum nitride powder for injection molding, aluminum nitride composition for injection molding, aluminum nitride sintered body, and method for producing aluminum nitride sintered body | |
| US6620763B1 (en) | Process for the manufacture of an attrition resistant sorbent used for gas desulfurization | |
| Bafrooei et al. | A comparative study of ZnNb2O6 nanoceramics synthesized by high energy ball milling and subsequent conventional and microwave annealing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20220302 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20221024 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20221101 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20221221 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20230130 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20230425 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20230608 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20230912 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20230925 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7367326 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |