JP7374512B2 - Fixed jig for linear friction welding and linear friction welding method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a linear friction welding fixture used for fixing materials to be joined in linear friction welding, and a linear friction welding method using the linear friction welding fixture.

As the strength of metal materials such as steel and aluminum alloys increases, a decrease in strength at joints, which determines the mechanical properties of jointed structures, has become a serious problem. In contrast, in recent years, solid-phase joining methods have attracted attention and are rapidly being put into practical use, as the maximum temperature during welding does not reach the melting point of the materials to be joined, and the decrease in strength at the joint is smaller than that of conventional fusion welding. It's progressing.

In particular, linear friction welding (LFW), in which metal members slide along a linear trajectory, does not require the use of tools like friction stir welding (FSW), so it is suitable for high-melting point metals. It can also be easily applied and is expected to be put to practical use in various industries.

Furthermore, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2018-122343) describes a first step of bringing one member into contact with another member to form a bonded interface, and a process of applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the bonded interface. A second step is to repeatedly slide one member and the other member on the same trajectory while applying pressure to remove burrs from the interface to be joined, and a third step is to stop sliding and form a joining surface. and at least one of the one member and the other member is a thin plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less, and the pressure is set to be higher than the yield stress of the thin plate at the bonding temperature to discharge burrs. A characteristic linear friction welding method is disclosed, which makes it possible to form good joints even with thin plates.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-122343

However, in the conventional linear friction welding method, a simple and reliable method for fixing the materials to be welded to the linear friction welding device has not been established. Since this is done only by simple pressing with Non-uniform temperature rise occurred and there were problems with reproducibility.

In addition, due to the above-mentioned poor fixation of the welded materials, the welded materials may shake (move or tilt), making it impossible to efficiently convert the welding pressure and sliding force into welding temperature, and the welding conditions set There was a problem in that the joining results obtained from the method varied. This problem becomes particularly noticeable when the materials to be joined are thin plates. That is, it is difficult to apply linear friction welding industrially in situations where the materials to be welded cannot be reliably fixed.

Here, focusing on the fixing mechanism for the welded materials that a general linear friction welding device has, there is a substantially rectangular fixing hole provided in a direction substantially perpendicular to the side surface of the vibrating part, and a fixing hole in the fixing hole. A fixing mechanism that includes a pressing part that is movable in one direction inside is common. The fixing mechanism changes the dimensions inside the fixing hole by moving the pressing part, and presses and fixes the material to be welded inserted into the fixing hole. Therefore, in the method of fixing the materials to be welded using this fixing mechanism, Only the pressing force applied from the pressing part and the reaction force applied from the side surface of the fixing hole facing the pressing part act on fixing the materials to be joined.

In addition, since the fixing hole is formed with a large size to allow insertion of materials to be welded of various sizes, there is no part that comes into contact with the materials to be welded in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the pressing part. It is clear that not only is it difficult to position the material to be joined within the fixing hole, but also that it induces wobbling during joining, and there is still room for improvement.

In view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional technology, the present invention makes it possible to simply and reliably fix materials to be welded to a linear friction welding device, and to perform linear friction welding with high reproducibility in accordance with welding conditions. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixing jig for linear friction welding and linear friction welding.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
A first member comprising a pressed surface that receives a pressing force from a welding material fixing part of a linear friction welding device, and a valley formed by arranging two inclined surfaces facing each other on the opposite side of the pressed surface. and,
a second member having contact surfaces at both ends that contact the inclined surface;
consisting of two said first members and two said second members;
A fixing jig for linear friction welding is provided.

Furthermore, in the linear friction welding fixing jig of the present invention,
When the first member and the second member are combined, it is desirable that the inclined surface of the first member and the contact surface of the second member be substantially parallel.

In the fixing jig for linear friction welding of the present invention having such a configuration, the pressing force applied from the fixing mechanism of the linear friction welding device is also converted in a substantially vertical direction, so that the materials to be welded can be uniquely and It allows for accurate positioning and secure fixing in a short time. In addition, since the materials to be joined are held in contact with the second member on one side and the second member on the other side over a wide area, vibrations in the height direction (sliding direction) due to sliding during joining occur. can be effectively suppressed.

Since the materials to be joined are positioned and securely fixed, one material to be joined can be accurately brought into contact with the other material without any positional deviation or angular deviation before joining, and the gap can be maintained over the entire area. A good bonding interface can be formed. That is, when both materials to be joined are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory by a linear friction welding device, a substantially uniform temperature rise occurs over the entire joining interface, so that the joining temperature can be accurately controlled.

Furthermore, even during welding, in which sliding is repeated on the same trajectory while applying welding pressure, wobbling (movement and tilting) of the welded materials due to poor fixation is suppressed, and welding pressure and sliding force can be effectively used to join. Can be converted to temperature. Therefore, variations in the set bonding conditions and bonding results can be reduced.

Furthermore, in the linear friction welding fixing jig of the present invention,
It is desirable that the second member has a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid shape.

In the linear friction welding fixing jig of the present invention having such a configuration, the contact surface of the second member and the slope of the first member have the same angle, and the vertical dimension and the horizontal dimension are different. By forming it in such a manner, it can be used for materials to be joined of a certain size range. In addition, by using the second member while appropriately changing the direction, the life of the linear friction welding fixing jig can be extended without repeatedly applying heat effects during welding to only one part.

Further, in the fixing jig for linear friction welding of the present invention, it is preferable that the area of the second member that comes into contact with the material to be welded is larger than the surface to be pressed. By using the fixing jig for linear friction welding of the present invention, the pressing force from the linear friction welding device is converted approximately 90 degrees, so the area of the second member that contacts the material to be welded is made larger than the surface to be pressed. By doing so, the materials to be joined can be fixed more reliably and efficiently. In particular, when the materials to be joined are thin plates, the pressing force from the direction of the thickness of the plate is also converted into the pressing force from the direction of the surface of the plate, making it possible to fix the materials extremely efficiently. Here, the area of the second member is preferably twice or more the area of the pressed surface, more preferably three times or more, and most preferably four times or more.

Furthermore, in the fixing jig for linear friction welding of the present invention, the first member and/or the second member are made of tool steel, heat-resistant steel, cemented carbide, cermet, nickel-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy, and titanium alloy. It is preferable to use one of these materials. By using these materials for the first and/or second members, it is possible to suppress wear and shape changes due to repeated use, and ensure sufficient strength and dimensional accuracy even against temperature rises during welding. can do. Note that when the bonding temperature is set high, it is preferable that the first member and/or the second member be made of ceramics.

Moreover, the present invention
A method for joining one material to be joined and another material to be joined, the method comprising:
fixing the one welded material and/or the other welded material to a linear friction welding device using the linear friction welding fixing jig according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
A linear friction welding method is also provided.

In the linear friction welding method of the present invention, one of the materials to be welded and/or the other material to be welded is fixed to the linear friction welding device using the fixture for linear friction welding of the present invention, so the positioning of the materials to be welded is determined. It is easy to do this, and the materials to be joined can be securely fixed. As a result, the stress applied from the linear friction welding device can be transmitted to the welded materials without waste, and linear friction welding can be performed according to the set welding conditions (pressing force and excitation force on the welded materials). Can be done.

In the linear friction welding of the present invention,
a first step of bringing the one material to be joined into contact with the other material to be joined to form a joining interface;
While applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be joined, the one material to be joined and the other material to be joined are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to expel burrs from the interface to be joined. A second step,
a third step of stopping the sliding to form a bonding interface;
It is preferable that the pressure is set to be higher than the yield stress and lower than the tensile strength of the one material to be joined and/or the other material to be joined at a desired joining temperature.

As a result of intensive studies by the present inventor, the joining temperature can be controlled by setting the pressure during linear friction welding to a value higher than the yield stress and lower than the tensile strength of one member and/or the other member at the desired joining temperature. It is clear that it can be done. Here, ejection of burrs from the interface to be welded is started by increasing the pressure during linear friction welding to greater than the yield stress of the welded materials, and when the pressure is increased until the tensile strength is reached, ejection of burrs begins. It will be accelerated. Like the yield stress, the tensile strength at a specific temperature is also approximately constant depending on the materials to be joined, so it is possible to realize a joining temperature that corresponds to a set pressure.

In the linear friction welding method of the present invention, the pressure during linear friction welding is preferably set to the yield stress of one member and/or the other member at a desired welding temperature. In linear friction welding, burr ejection begins at the moment the pressure reaches the yield stress, and the desired value can be more precisely determined than if the pressure were set to a higher value (up to the tensile strength). The junction temperature can be achieved.

Further, in the linear friction welding method of the present invention, it is preferable that the one material to be joined and/or the other material to be joined be thin plates having a thickness of 3 mm or less. In the linear friction welding method of the present invention, by setting the applied pressure during linear friction welding to a value higher than the yield stress of the thin plate (material to be joined) at the desired welding temperature, the heated and softened region is quickly discharged as burr. , it is possible to suppress the softened part (high temperature part) from expanding more than necessary due to the thermal conduction of frictional heat. In this case, the temperature at a position away from the interface to be joined is lower than the temperature near the interface to be joined (joining temperature), and the applied pressure will not cause plastic deformation. As a result, even a thin plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less can maintain its shape during linear friction welding.

According to the present invention, a fixing jig for linear friction welding that can simply and reliably fix materials to be welded to a linear friction welding apparatus and perform linear friction welding with high reproducibility corresponding to welding conditions; A linear friction bond can be provided.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the situation during linear friction welding. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3(a) is a side view of the first member 3 when the end face of the first member 3 is viewed from the front, and FIG. 3(b) is a diagram showing the structure of the first member 3. FIG. 3(c) is a front view of the first member 3 taken in cross section as a part of the arrow A in FIG. 3(a), and FIG. 3(c) is a bottom view of the first member 3 showing the arrow B in FIG. . 4(a) is a front view of the second member 5, and FIG. 4(b) is a diagram showing the structure of the second member 5. FIG. 5 is a side view of member 5. FIG. 5(a) is a perspective view and FIG. 5(b) is a side view. FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view, and FIG. 6(b) is a side view. FIG. . 7(a) is a perspective view, and FIG. 7(b) is a side view. FIG. 8(a) is a schematic diagram showing how the fixing preparation body 101 is inserted into the fixing hole 52, and FIG. 8(b) 1 is a schematic diagram showing the pressing of a material to be welded 53 by the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding. 9(a) is a perspective view, and FIG. 9(b) is a side view. FIG. It is an external photograph of the linear friction welding device used in Examples and Comparative Examples. It is a graph showing the deformation stress (yield stress) of carbon steel at each temperature. This is a photograph of the appearance of the assembled assembly. It is an external photograph of the fixing jig for linear friction welding used in Examples. It is an external photograph showing the fixed state of the materials to be joined in Examples. This is a cross-sectional macro photograph of the area near the bonded interface of the actual bonded body. It is an external photograph showing the fixed state of the materials to be joined in a comparative example. This is a cross-sectional macro photograph of the vicinity of the joint interface of a comparative joint.

Hereinafter, typical embodiments of a linear friction welding fixture and a linear friction welding method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these. In addition, in the following description, the same or corresponding parts may be given the same reference numerals, and overlapping description may be omitted. Further, since the drawings are for conceptually explaining the present invention, the dimensions of the illustrated components and their ratios may differ from the actual ones.

1. Outline of fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding The outline of the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding according to the present embodiment will be explained using FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a situation during linear friction welding, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding according to the present embodiment. In this embodiment, for ease of understanding, the direction in which bonding pressure is applied is defined as X, the direction substantially perpendicular to X and the sliding direction is defined as Y, and the sliding direction is defined as Z.

As shown in Figure 1, in linear friction welding, the materials to be joined are brought into contact with each other and rubbed together in a linear motion while applying a predetermined joining pressure from opposite directions, and the frictional heat generated at this time is used as the main heat source. It is a solid phase bonding method. The main methods used for linear friction welding include a preliminary process in which one material to be welded and another material to be joined are fixed to a linear friction welding device while facing each other, and a step in which both materials to be joined are brought into contact. The first step is to form a bonding interface using the bonding interface, the second step is to repeatedly slide both materials to be bonded on the same trajectory on the formed bonding interface, and the sliding is stopped at a predetermined timing to form a bonded part. The method is composed of a third step.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding of this embodiment includes two second members 5 (one second member 5a and the other second member 5b) that directly contact the welded materials 53. , two first members 3 (one first member 3a and the other first member 3b) sandwiching the second member 5, and the jig is configured to perform linear friction welding with the welded material 53. These members are placed between the device 51 and the device 51 for use.

By performing linear friction welding using the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding, the workability of the preliminary process described above can be improved, the workpieces 53 to be welded can be reliably and firmly fixed, and accurate positioning can be performed. Therefore, a good bonding interface can be formed even in the first step.

Furthermore, by improving the welding preparation described above, it is possible to prevent the welded materials 53 from wobbling due to poor fixing, making it easier to control the welding temperature during the second step, and to prevent the welded materials 53 from wobbling when the sliding stops in the third step. It is possible to prevent tilting or the like from occurring between the members 53. That is, the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding according to this embodiment provides a plurality of favorable effects for linear friction welding.

The linear friction welding device 51 used in this embodiment has a fixing hole 52 into which the end of the welded material 53 opposite to the bonding surface 61 is inserted into the vibrating part, and a lower end (or upper end) of the fixing hole 52. ) and a pressing part 54 that moves up and down in the Z direction. It has an aspect of The pressing direction for fixing the material to be joined 53 is not limited to the above, and the direction Y may be adopted, for example.

2. Structure of Fixing Jig 1 for Linear Friction Welding Next, the structure of the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding according to the present embodiment will be described in detail using FIGS. 3 and 4. 3(a), (b), and (c) are diagrams showing the structure of the first member 3, and FIG. 3(a) is a side view of the first member 3 when the end surface of the first member 3 is viewed from the front. FIG. 3(b) is a front view of the first member 3 in a cross-sectional view of a part of the arrow A in FIG. 3(a), and FIG. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the first member 3 showing view B. FIG. 4(a) and (b) are diagrams showing the structure of the second member 5, in which FIG. 4(a) is a front view of the second member 5, and FIG. 4(b) is a diagram showing the structure of the second member 5. FIG. 4(a) is a side view of the second member 5 taken in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4(a).

<Structure of first member 3>
As shown in FIGS. 3(a), (b), and (c), the first member 3 has a pressed surface 9 that receives a pressing force from a linear friction welding device 51, and a valley formed by arranging two inclined surfaces 11 facing each other. 7, and the trough 7 is formed on the opposite side of the pressed surface 9, facing the direction in which the pressing force is applied (downward in the direction Z in FIG. 3(a)). .

More specifically, regarding the structure of the first member 3 used in this embodiment, a substantially smooth pressed surface that comes into contact with the pressing part 9 of the linear friction welding device 51 or the upper side surface of the fixing hole 52 facing the pressing part 9 9, a trough 7 formed by two inclined surfaces 11 that are downwardly inclined from approximately the center of the pressed surface 9 downward in the direction Z and toward both sides of the direction Y, and It has a side surface shape composed of both ends and a vertical surface connecting the ends of both of the two inclined surfaces 11 in the direction Y in the direction Z (see especially FIG. 3(a)), and this side surface shape in the direction X. It is a substantially columnar body extruded to a predetermined size (see especially FIGS. 3(b) and 3(c)).

The vicinity of the apex (the bottom of the valley portion 7) formed by the two inclined surfaces 11 may be formed into an arc in the range of 2.5R to 5R to improve cleaning and maintenance. Further, in this embodiment, the side surfaces at both ends of the first member 3 are formed parallel to the direction Z and smooth, but depending on the aspect of the linear friction welding device 51 and the shape and size of the welded materials 53. A different shape may be adopted as appropriate.

The angle θ1 of the inclined surface 11 with respect to the direction Z (vertical plane) is preferably set in the range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees in order to ensure good sliding between the first member 3 and the second member 5, which will be described later. Further, for the same reason, it is preferable that the inclined surface 11 has no irregularities and has a surface roughness that suppresses the generation of frictional resistance. Note that although the present embodiment employs a substantially linear inclined surface 11 without distortion, it may also be, for example, a circular arc with a gentle curvature.

<Structure of second member 5>
As shown in FIGS. 4(a), 4(b), and 4(c), the second member 5 is formed with contact surfaces 13 at both ends that come into contact with the inclined surface 11 provided on the first member 3, and the second member 5 It is characterized in that when combined with the slanted surface 11 and the abutting surface 13 that are in contact with each other are substantially parallel.

More specifically, regarding the structure of the second member 5 used in this embodiment, a substantially rectangular fixing surface 15 facing in the direction Y and directly abutting the workpiece 53, and at least both ends of the fixing surface 15 in the direction Z. The abutment surface 13 is inclined from above to below or from below to above and in the opposite direction of the fixed surface 15 in the direction Y, and from the right side to the left side or from the left side to the right side in the direction Y at both ends of the fixed surface 15 in the direction X. This member is made up of a slope 19 that slopes in the opposite direction to the fixed surface 15 and a parallel surface 21 that is parallel to and faces the fixed surface 15 in the opposite direction.

The angle θ2 of the abutment surface 13 with respect to the fixed surface 15 is within the range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees and is the same as the angle θ1 of the inclined surface 11 with respect to the above-mentioned direction Z (vertical plane), to ensure good contact with the above-mentioned first member 3. It is desirable to ensure a smooth slide. Further, like the surface of the inclined surface 11, it is preferable that the contact surface 13 has no irregularities and has a surface roughness that suppresses the generation of frictional resistance.

It is desirable that the second member 5 has a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid shape. As described above, the second member 5 of this embodiment has slopes 19 at both ends in the direction X, and is formed into a generally truncated quadrangular pyramid shape as a whole. If the second member 5 has such a structure, the material to be joined 53 can be fixed up to the vicinity of the joining surface 61, and more stable joining can be performed.

Further, if the angle of the slope 19 with respect to the fixed surface 15 is made the same as the angle θ2 of the slope 13 with respect to the fixed surface 15, the slope 19 can be freely slidably engaged with the slope 11 of the first member 3 in the same manner as the contact surface 13. It can be stopped. Therefore, for example, if the second member 5 is formed with different dimensions in the Z direction and the dimension in the can be used by selecting a direction suitable for fixing, and one linear friction welding fixing jig 1 can accommodate welded materials 53 of a certain size range.

The first member 3 and/or the second member 5 are desirably formed of any one of tool steel, heat-resistant steel, cemented carbide, cermet, nickel-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy, and titanium alloy. The above-mentioned first member 3 and second member 5 are not only required to have high strength and wear resistance, but also to be used for joining materials 53 made of various metal materials, so it is necessary to prevent heat influence from near the joining surface 61. likely to receive it. Further, as described above, since the inclined surface 11, the contact surface 13, the inclined surface 19, etc. are configured to be slidably engaged with each other, it is necessary to process the surfaces to have a suitable surface roughness. Therefore, if the first member 3 and/or the second member 5 are formed of tool steel, cemented carbide, cermet, nickel-based alloy, or cobalt-based alloy, mechanical properties will be sufficiently ensured and the bonding process will be improved. It can also withstand the effects of heat. In addition, precision machining is relatively easy.

3. How to use the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding <Abutment of the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding and the material to be welded 53>
Next, a method of using the linear friction welding fixing jig 1 according to this embodiment will be explained in detail using FIGS. 5 to 7. 5(a) and (b) are diagrams showing a method of bringing the second member 5 into contact with the material to be joined 53, in which FIG. 5(a) is a perspective view and FIG. 5(b) is a side view. It is. 6(a) and (b) are diagrams showing a method of bringing the first member 3 into contact with the second member 5 which is in contact with the material to be joined 53, and FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view, FIG. 6(b) is a side view. Moreover, FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) are views showing the linear friction welding fixing jig 1 and the welded material 53 after contact, and FIG. 7(a) is a perspective view, and FIG. 7(a) is a perspective view. b) is a side view.

As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, first, the second member 5 of the linear friction welding fixture 1 is brought into contact with the workpiece 53. Here, two surfaces of the welded material 53 facing in the direction Y are referred to as a first surface 57 and a second surface 59, and a member that contacts this first surface 57 is one second member 5a that contacts the second surface. The member is referred to as the other second member 5b. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the welded materials 53 and the linear friction welding fixing jig 1 maintain the illustrated directions (direction X, direction Y, and direction Z) unless otherwise specified in the text.

One of the second members 5a is brought into contact with the workpiece 53 while the fixing surface 15a is opposed to the first surface 57 of the workpiece 53, and the other is brought into contact with the fixation surface 15b facing the second surface 59. The second member 5b is brought into contact with the material to be joined 53. At this time, the joining surface 61 of the material to be joined 53 is made to protrude in the direction Y by a predetermined amount from the slopes 19a and 19b. The amount of protrusion may be appropriately determined depending on the size of the materials 53 to be welded, the welding conditions, and the like.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), the first member 3 is brought into contact with the material to be joined 53 and the second member 5 brought into contact in the above procedure. Here, the member brought into contact with the upper side of the welded material 53 and the second member 5 in the direction Z is called one first member 5a, and the member brought into contact with the lower side is called the other second member 5b.

The trough portion 7a of one first member 3a is opposed to the abutment surface 13a of one second member 5a and the abutment surface 13b of the other second member 5b facing upward in the direction Z, and the trough portion 7a of the first member 3a is An abutment surface 13a and an abutment surface 13b are brought into contact with each of the two inclined surfaces 11a constituting the structure 7a. Further, the valley portion 7b of the other first member 3b is opposed to the contact surface 13a of one second member 5a and the contact surface 13b of the other second member 5b facing downward in the direction Z, and this The abutting surfaces 13a and 13b are brought into contact with and locked to the two inclined surfaces 11b constituting the valley portion 7b, respectively.

By completing the above procedure, the welded material 53 is supported by one second member 5a and the other second member 5b in contact with each other in the direction Y, and furthermore, the one second member 5a and the other second member A substantially integral fixing preparation body 101 consisting of the material to be joined 53, the first member 3, and the second member 5 is locked by one first member 3a and the other first member 3b above and below in direction Z of 5b. is configured (see especially FIGS. 7(a) and (b)).

<Method for fixing the fixing preparation body 101 using the linear friction welding device 51>
Next, a method for fixing the fixing preparation body 101 using the linear friction welding device 51 will be described in detail using FIG. 8. 8(a) and (b) are diagrams showing a method of fixing the fixing preparation body 101 using the linear friction welding device 51, and FIG. 8(a) shows how the fixing preparation body 101 is inserted into the fixing hole 52. FIG. 8(b) is a schematic diagram showing the pressing of the welded material 53 by the linear friction welding fixing jig 1.

Note that in order to perform linear friction welding, it is necessary to respectively fix the two welded materials 53 to the linear friction welding device 51 while facing each other, but since the fixing method follows the same procedure, here we will focus on one of the welded materials 53. Only the procedure for fixing the material 53 will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 8(a), the fixing preparation body 101 configured in the above procedure is inserted into the fixing hole 52 of the fixing mechanism 55 provided in the linear friction welding device 51. More specifically, the fixing preparation body 101 is inserted into the fixing hole 52 with the opposite side of the joining surface 61 facing the fixing hole 52, and the pressed surface 9a of one first member 3a is placed in the fixing hole 52. abuts against the upper end of direction Z.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8(b), the pressing part 54 included in the fixing mechanism 55 is moved from the bottom to the top in the direction Z to press the fixing preparation body 101 inserted into the fixing hole 52. By moving the pressing part 54 upward, the fixing preparation body 101 is pressed between the upper end of the fixing hole 52 and the pressing part 54, and the pressed surface 9a of one first member 3a and the other first member 3b are pressed. The pressed surface 9b of receives the pressing force P1 acting in the Z direction.

The pressing force P1 is applied to the inclined surface 11a of one first member 3a and the inclined surface 11b of the other first member 3b while pressing one first member 3a and the other first member 3b toward the workpiece 53 side. It is transmitted to the contact surface 13a of one second member 5a and the contact surface 13b of the other second member 5b via. At the time of the transmission, a part of the pressing force P1 changes its direction of action and generates a pressing force P2 that acts on the material to be joined 53 in a substantially oblique direction.

As described above, the first member 3 and the second member 5 are locked to each other by abutting the inclined surface 11 and the contact surface 13, so that one of the first members 3a located above and the other first member 3b located below are pressed in the direction Z toward the welded material 53 side by receiving opposing pressing forces P1 and P2, respectively, so that one second member 5a The other second member 5b is substantially compressed, and the contact surfaces 13a and 13b that are in contact with the two inclined surfaces 11a forming the valley portion 7a move upward and in the direction Z along their own inclination. The abutment surfaces 13a and 13b that are in contact with the two inclined surfaces 11b forming the trough portion 7b move downward in the direction Z along their own inclinations. They each slide toward the welded material 53 side in the direction Y, and a pressing force P3 acting in the direction Y acts on the welded material 53.

That is, by using the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding of this embodiment, the forces applied from the fixing mechanism 55 to the fixing preparation body 101 in the direction Z from above to below and from below to above are applied in the same direction. The pressing force P1 that acts on the welded materials 53 (in two directions, up and down in direction Z), and the pressing force P2 that acts in a substantially oblique direction when transmitting the pressing force P1 from the first member 3 to the second member 5 (the (four diagonal directions with respect to the joining material 53), and a pressing force P3 that acts in the direction Y due to the sliding of the second member 5 due to the action of the pressing forces P1 and P2 (in the direction Y with respect to the joining materials 53). The force is converted into forces in a total of eight directions, consisting of two directions (left and right).

The workpiece 53 pressed by the force in the eight directions is automatically and accurately positioned approximately at the center in the direction Y by the action of the pressing force P3, and furthermore, by the action of all the pressing forces P1 to P3, the workpieces 53 are moved in the directions X, Y, and It is fixed very firmly against Z. Note that although the upper and lower end surfaces of the welded material 53 in the direction Z are not in contact with either the first member 3 or the second member 5, the first surface 57 and the second surface 59 of the welded material 53 are in contact with one of the The fixing surface 15a of the second member 5a and the fixing surface 15b of the other second member 5b should be in contact with each other over a wide area, and the end surface of the welded material 53 on the opposite side to the bonding surface 61 should be in contact with the fixing surface 15a of the second member 5a in the direction X inside the fixing hole 52. By making contact with the side surface of the bonding member 53, it is possible to suitably prevent the occurrence of deterioration of the fixing condition, such as unintentional movement of the material 53 to be welded during welding.

4. Effect of linear friction welding fixing jig 1 on linear friction welding <Improvement of welding preparation>
As described above, by using the fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding, the materials to be welded 53 can be reliably and firmly fixed to the linear friction welding device 51 with a simple operation. More specifically, the pressing force applied from the fixing mechanism 55 of the linear friction welding device 51 is converted into eight directions by the linear friction welding fixture 1, and is isotropically applied to the materials 53 to be welded. This makes it possible to perform positioning particularly in direction Y uniquely and accurately, and to securely fix it in a short time. In addition to the pressure from the eight directions described above, the material to be joined 53 is held between the second member 5a on one side and the second member 5b on the other side over a wide area, so that the material 53 is held between the second members 5a and 5b over a wide area. It is possible to suitably prevent wobbling in the Z direction.

In addition, by forming the contact surface 13 and the slope 19 of the second member 5 at the same angle and with different dimensions in the Z direction and the dimension in the In addition, by changing the direction of the second member 5 as needed, the linear friction welding fixing jig 1 can be used without repeatedly applying heat to only one part. The lifespan can be suitably extended.

<Improvement of bonding process>
The linear friction welding fixing jig 1 positions and reliably fixes the welded materials 53 (hereinafter, the reference numerals of the welded materials will be omitted for convenience of explanation), so that one of the welded materials and the other It is possible to accurately abut the materials to be joined without any displacement or distortion, and to form a good joint interface without any gaps over the entire area. That is, when both materials to be welded are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory by the linear friction welding device 51, a substantially uniform temperature rise occurs over the entire welding interface, so that the welding temperature can be accurately controlled.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, one of the welded materials and the other welded material are securely and firmly fixed by the linear friction welding fixing jig 1, so that they repeatedly slide on the same trajectory while applying welding pressure. Even during bonding, there is no wobbling (movement or tilting) of the materials to be bonded due to poor fixation, and bonding pressure and sliding force can be efficiently converted into bonding temperature. Therefore, it is possible to suitably reduce variations in joining conditions and joining results due to the fixing condition of the materials to be joined.

5. Other fixtures for linear friction welding The basic structure and usage method of the fixture 1 for linear friction welding according to the present embodiment have been explained above, but the structure of the fixture for linear friction welding is as follows. The present invention is not limited to this, and various embodiments can be adopted depending on the shape of the material to be joined 53. Hereinafter, a modified example of the fixing jig for linear friction welding will be described in detail using FIG. 9. 9(a) and 9(b) are views showing the structure of another fixing jig 1001 for linear friction welding, in which FIG. 9(a) is a perspective view and FIG. 9(b) is a side view. be.

As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the other linear friction welding fixing jig 1001 has an optimized shape so that it can be used for fixing a substantially cylindrical member to be welded 1053. The fixing jig 1001 for linear friction welding is also a jig composed of two first members 1003 and two second members 1005, like the above-mentioned fixing jig 1 for linear friction welding. A concave portion 1007 having a substantially curved surface matching the side surface shape of the material to be joined 1053 is formed in the fixing surface 1015 of the bonding member 1005 .

The radius of the recess 1007 is approximately the same as the radius of the material to be welded 1053, and may be formed in the second member 1005 with a depth such that both fixing surfaces 1015 do not come into contact when the material to be welded 1053 is fixed. preferable. Further, it is desirable that the recessed portion 1007 be formed so that there is no positional deviation from each other at approximately the center of both second members 1005 in the direction Z.

By using another fixing jig 1001 for linear friction welding, pressing force is applied in eight directions to the substantially cylindrical material 1053 to be welded, and it is possible to firmly fix the material while performing unique and reliable positioning. Can be done. Although the description here is representative of a modification that can be applied to the approximately cylindrical shaped workpiece 1053, by appropriately changing the shape of the fixing surface in the same way as above, workpieces of a wide variety of shapes can be applied. Needless to say, it is possible to respond to

Although typical embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and does not depart from the spirit and teachings of the claims. There are other improvements and variations within the scope. All such improvements and modifications are included within the technical scope of the present invention.

≪Example≫
A medium carbon steel (JIS-S45C: 0.48%C-0.77%Mn-0.23%Si-0.08%Cr) thin plate with a thickness of 2.6 mm was used as the material to be joined, and linear friction welding was performed. provided. Figure 10 shows an external photograph of the linear friction welding device.

The yield stress of medium carbon steel (JIS-S45C) at each temperature can be referred to the C=0.53wt% line in Figure 11. For example, if the welding temperature is set to approximately 950°C, the yield stress is approximately 150MPa. becomes. In this example, the pressure applied during linear friction welding was 250 MPa, which is higher than 150 MPa, and the vibration frequency was 15 Hz and the amplitude was 2 mm to obtain a joined body. A photograph of the appearance of the assembled assembly is shown in FIG.

Here, the joined body was firmly fixed to the linear friction welding apparatus using the fixing jig for linear friction welding of the present invention shown in FIG. 13, and no deformation or the like due to the joining process was observed. FIG. 14 shows a state in which the materials to be welded are fixed to a linear friction welding device. The stress of a linear friction welding device is applied only from above the welded device, but the stress is transmitted from the first member placed above and below the welded material to the second member, and the welded material is strong from both sides. is fixed.

FIG. 15 shows a macro cross-sectional photograph of the area near the bonding interface of the resulting joined body. No defects were observed at the joint interface, indicating that a good joint was obtained.

≪Comparative example≫
A comparative joined body was obtained in the same manner as in the example except that the materials to be joined were fixed to a linear friction welding device using a general fixing method. FIG. 16 shows a state in which the materials to be welded are fixed to a linear friction welding device. Backing members are arranged on the left and right sides of the materials to be joined, and the pressing force from the device is applied only from above the materials to be joined.

FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional macro photograph of the vicinity of the bonding interface of the obtained comparative bonded body. Although the bonding conditions were the same as in the example, defects were formed at the bonding interface. This result suggests that the pressure and excitation force applied during linear friction welding were not directly transmitted to the welded materials.

1 Fixed jig for linear friction welding 3 First member 3a One first member
3b Other first member 5 Second member 5a One second member 5b Other second member 7 Valley portion 9 Pressed surfaces 11, 11a, 11b Inclined surfaces 13, 13a, 13b Contact surfaces 15, 15a, 15b Fixed Surfaces 19, 19a, 19b Slope 21 Parallel surface 51 Linear friction welding device 52 Fixing hole 53 Material to be welded 54 Pressing part 55 Fixing mechanism 57 First surface 59 Second surface 61 Joining surface 101 Fixing preparation body 1001 Fixing jig for linear friction welding Tool 1003 First member 1005 Second member 1007 Recess 1015 Fixing surface 1053 Material to be joined P1 Pressing force P2 Pressing force P3 Pressing force θ1 Angle θ2 Angle

Claims (8)

A first member comprising a pressed surface that receives a pressing force from a welding material fixing part of a linear friction welding device, and a valley formed by arranging two inclined surfaces facing each other on the opposite side of the pressed surface. and,
a second member having contact surfaces at both ends that contact the inclined surface;
consisting of two said first members and two said second members;
Fixing jig for linear friction welding featuring: When the first member and the second member are combined, the inclined surface of the first member and the contact surface of the second member are substantially parallel;
The fixing jig for linear friction welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second member has a substantially truncated quadrangular pyramid shape;
The fixing jig for linear friction welding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: an area of the second member that contacts the material to be joined is larger than an area of the pressed surface;
The fixing jig for linear friction welding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first member and/or the second member are formed of any material selected from tool steel, heat-resistant steel, cemented carbide, cermet, nickel-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy, and titanium alloy;
The fixing jig for linear friction welding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A method for joining one material to be joined and another material to be joined, the method comprising:
fixing the one welded material and/or the other welded material to a linear friction welding device using the linear friction welding fixing jig according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
A linear friction welding method featuring: a first step of bringing the one material to be joined into contact with the other material to be joined to form a joining interface;
While applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be joined, the one material to be joined and the other material to be joined are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to expel burrs from the interface to be joined. A second step,
a third step of stopping the sliding to form a bonding interface;
setting the pressure at a value not less than the yield stress and not more than the tensile strength of the one material to be joined and/or the other material to be joined at a desired joining temperature;
The linear friction welding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The one material to be joined and/or the other material to be joined is a thin plate with a thickness of 3 mm or less;
The linear friction welding method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: