JP7390836B2 - Grinding equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pulverizer for crushing and pulverizing plastic materials, and more specifically, to making the particle size of the pulverized material uniform and suppressing the generation of pulverized powder.

During molding of plastic products, the channel for injecting molten resin material into the mold is also solidified and taken out, and separated from the product. The solidified part of this path is called a sprue runner, and after being crushed using a crusher, it is mixed into virgin pellets and reused as recycled material. The material crushed by the crusher is called crushed material. As shown in Patent Document 1 below, many of these crushing devices include a main body casing forming a crushing tank, and a main body casing that is rotatably supported substantially horizontally within the crushing tank and has crushing claws on the surface. a rotating shaft on which a crushing blade is formed, a bearing for supporting the rotating shaft, a fixed blade having a cutout blade portion through which the claw and the crushing blade can pass, and a guide for preventing objects to be crushed from falling. A plate is provided, and when the crushing blade passes through the fixed blade, the object to be crushed is crushed.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-122798

By the way, there is a certain clearance (gap) between the crushing blade and the fixed blade. FIG. 8 shows this situation, and there are clearances CLA and CLB between the crushing blade 900 and the fixed blade 902. For this reason, especially when cutting soft resin, the resin pieces (pulverized material) SRL may be connected due to miscuts, as shown in FIG. 3(B). In addition, unless the resin pieces pass through the recessed part of the fixed blade 902, the resin pieces will not fall into the collection container below, so when the resin pieces remaining on the convex part of the fixed blade 902 pass through the recessed part of the fixed blade 902, Furthermore, the resin pieces may be cut by the crushing blade 900, and the number of times the resin pieces are cut increases, resulting in variations in the size of the resin pieces (particle size of the crushed material) and the generation of crushed powder.

In general, when reusing sprue runners, it is important to accurately and smoothly supply, measure, or mix the material to the injection molding machine, so cut particles (pulverized material) Particle size quality is required, such as having uniform grains with no difference in size. Furthermore, in consideration of the finish of the molded product, the less pulverized powder is generated, the better. Thus, in order to reuse the sprue runner, it is desirable that the particle size of the crushed resin pieces (pulverized material) be uniform and that the amount of crushed powder be small.

The present invention has focused on the above points, and aims to improve the particle size quality of pulverized material and reduce the generation of pulverized powder.

The crushing device of the present invention has a crushing roller provided with a large number of crushing blades in the circumferential direction, and a crushing roller having crushing blades and grooves alternately provided in the direction of the rotation axis, and facing the crushing blades of this crushing roller. and a fixed blade with a linear cutting edge provided in the direction of the rotation axis, and the crushing device crushes an object between the crushing roller and the fixed blade by rotationally driving the crushing roller. It is equipped with a plurality of cutting blades that cut the object by entering each of the grooves between the blades , and the fixed blade is arranged on the input side of the object, and the cutting blade is arranged below the fixed blade. By arranging this, the object crushed by the crushing roller and the fixed blade is cut by the cutting blade .

According to one of the main aspects, a cutting roller is provided with a plurality of cutting blade plates on which the cutting blades are formed in an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis of the crushing blade. According to another embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting blade contacts the bottom of the groove of the crushing roller. Alternatively, a clearance may be provided between the cutting edge of the cutting blade and the bottom of the groove of the crushing roller. Furthermore, the clearance is adjusted according to the hardness of the object.

According to another embodiment, the crushing blades are arranged in a spiral shape with respect to the rotation axis direction of the crushing roller. Alternatively, the cutting edge of the crushing blade is inclined along the direction of the spiral. According to still another embodiment, a crushing blade for crushing the object is provided above the crushing roller. Alternatively, a crushing blade for crushing the object is provided in the crushing roller. Furthermore, it is characterized in that the cutting edge of the fixed blade is rounded. These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

According to the present invention, since the object that has been crushed by the crushing roller and the fixed blade and has entered the groove between the crushing blades is further cut by the cutting blade , the object can be cut well by the cutting blade. The particle size of the pulverized material becomes uniform, and the generation of pulverized powder is also reduced.

(A) is a perspective view showing the main parts of the crushing device of Example 1 of the present invention, and (B) is a perspective view showing the crushing roller. (A) is a side view of the crushing device of Example 1, and (B) is a top view. It is a figure which shows the state of crushing and cutting in the said Example. (A) is a diagram showing the main parts of Example 2 of the present invention, and (B) is a diagram seen from the direction of arrow F4. (A) is a diagram showing the main parts of Example 3 of the present invention, and (B) is a diagram seen from the direction of arrow F5. It is a figure which shows the main part of Example 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the main part of Example 5 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state of the conventional crushing blade and fixed blade, and the example of the resin piece after crushing.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

First, Example 1, which is the most basic form of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1(A) is a perspective view showing the main parts, and FIG. 1(B) is a perspective view showing a crushing roller. Further, FIG. 2(A) corresponds to a view of FIG. 1(A) seen from the direction of arrow F2A, and is a side view of the main part of the crushing device, and FIG. 2(B) corresponds to the view of FIG. ) as seen from arrow F2B.

In these figures, the crushing device 10 of this embodiment is housed in a rectangular main body casing 12. The upper side of the main casing 12 is an opening 14 into which a sprue runner is inserted. The lower side of the main body casing 12 also has an opening 16 through which the crushed material falls into the collection container.

The main casing 12 is provided with a cylindrical crushing roller 100 . A rotating shaft 110 of the crushing roller 100 supports the crushing roller 100 rotatably in a substantially horizontal direction by a bearing (not shown) provided on the side surface of the main casing 12. The crushing roller 100 has a configuration in which a plurality of crushing blade plates 120 are provided in the direction of the rotating shaft 110, and a large number of crushing blades 122 are provided on the surface (periphery) of each crushing blade plate 120. is formed. A groove plate 123 is sandwiched between the crushing blade plates 120. That is, in the crushing roller 100, crushing blade plates 120 and groove plates 123 are alternately stacked in the direction of the rotating shaft 110. As a result, the crushing blades 122 have a comb-teeth shape, and grooves 124 are formed between the crushing blades 122 adjacent to each other in the direction of the rotating shaft 110. Note that the groove 124 is narrower compared to the background art shown in FIG. Note that the groove 124 is set to have the same depth as the bottom of the crushing blade 122 or deeper than the bottom of the blade.

Next, above the crushing roller 100, as shown in FIG. 2, a partition plate 300 and a fixed blade 400 are arranged so as to form an inclined surface like a hopper. Of these, the partition plate 300 is for preventing the input sprue runner from falling below the crushing roller 100 and directing it toward the fixed blade 400. The fixed blade 400 has a straight cutting edge, and the above-mentioned crushing blade 122 passes under the fixed blade 400 to cut the sprue runner. In addition, in the background art of FIG. 8 described above, both the partition plate 300 and the fixed blade 400 are comb-shaped, but in this embodiment, since the interval between the grooves 124 between the crushing blades 122 is narrow, both of them are comb-shaped. It is in a straight line. The partition plate 300 and fixed blade 400 are fixed to fixed plates 20 and 22 extending from the main body casing 12 by means of bolts and nuts.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 7(C-1), R processing 400B is performed on the cutting edge 400A of the fixed blade 400. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a sharper cutting edge and improve cutting performance.

Next, a cutting roller 500 is provided below the fixed blade 400. The cutting roller 500 has a structure in which a plurality of cutting blades 510 are provided at equal intervals on a support shaft 502. The support shaft 502 is parallel to the rotating shaft 110 of the above-mentioned crushing roller 100, and is supported by a bearing (not shown) provided on the side surface of the main body casing 12.

The cutting roller 500 may be fixed or may be rotated.
a. As the crushing roller 100 rotates, the cutting roller 500 also rotates.
b. The cutting roller 500 is actively rotated by the drive source. The rotational direction is the direction in which the resin pieces are rolled up between the crushing roller 100 and the crushing roller 100 .
c. Fix the cutting roller 500 without rotating it. In this case, a clearance is provided between the cutting blade 510 and the groove 124 of the crushing roller 100.

Similarly to the above-mentioned crushing roller 100, the cutting roller 500 has a structure in which cutting blade plates 508 and groove plates 514 (see FIG. 7(B-1)) are alternately stacked in the direction of the rotation axis. The plurality of cutting blades 510 are inserted into the grooves 124 between the crushing blades 122 described above. That is, the pitch of the cutting blades 510 in the direction of the rotation axis is equal to the pitch of the crushing blades 122. Thereby, the resin pieces spread over the plurality of crushing blades 122 are cut by the cutting blade 510. When viewed from the side, the degree of overlap between the crushing blade 122 and the cutting blade 510 is as shown in FIG. 2(A). Although there may be some clearance (gap) between the bottom of the groove 124 and the tip of the cutting blade 510, the tip of the cutting blade 510 may contact the bottom of the groove 124. The resin size after pulverization is determined by the pitch of the pulverizing blades 122 and the pitch of the cutting blades 510. A guide plate 30 is provided diagonally below the cutting roller 500 to guide the crushed resin pieces (pulverized material) toward the opening 16 side.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1(B), the cutting edge 122A of the crushing blade 122 is oblique with respect to the rotation axis direction, and the cutting edge 122A of the adjacent crushing blade 122 is , are aligned in the direction of the cutting edge line 122LR shown in FIG. 1(B). That is, when the rotating shaft 110 rotates in the direction of the arrow F1, the crushing blades 122L come to face the fixed blades 400 in order starting from the leftmost crushing blade 122L in the figure. The same applies to the intersection between the crushing blade 122 and the cutting blade 510. In this way, since the cutting edge 122A of the crushing blade 122 is formed in a spiral direction with respect to the direction of the rotation axis of the crushing roller 100, when the blade edge is arranged in a straight line that coincides with the direction of the rotation axis 110. Compared to previous models, the number of simultaneous cuts is reduced, and the load on the motor, which is the drive source, is distributed.

A motor as a drive source for rotationally driving the crushing roller 100 and a gear mechanism for adjusting the rotation speed are appropriately provided on the side surface of the main body casing 12 (none of which are shown). Note that in this embodiment, the cutting roller 500 is rotatable, but is not rotationally driven by a motor.

Next, the overall operation of this embodiment will be explained. The sprue runner to be crushed is introduced into the main casing 12 from the upper opening 14 of the main casing 12 as shown by arrow F2B in FIG. 2(A). The input sprue runner is moved in the direction of the fixed blade 400 by the rotation of the crushing roller 100 in the direction of arrow F1. Then, it is cut and crushed by being sandwiched between the crushing blade 122 of the crushing roller 100 and the fixed blade 400. The cut resin piece moves further as the crushing roller 100 rotates, but if the cut resin piece straddles a plurality of crushing blades 122, it is further cut by the cutting blade 510.

This situation is shown in FIG. 3, and as the crushing roller 100 rotates, the resin piece SR sandwiched between the crushing blades 122 is crushed as shown in FIG. It is cut and crushed by the blade 122 and the fixed blade 400. Furthermore, as the crushing roller 100 rotates, the resin piece SR spread across the plurality of crushing blades 122 is cut by the cutting blade 510 as shown in FIGS. . That is, according to this embodiment, the resin piece SR is cut as shown in FIG. 8(C). In the case of this embodiment, since the fixed blade 400 is not uneven as shown in FIG. 4A, the resin piece SR is also free of unevenness. Since this is cut by the cutting blade 510, the result is as shown in FIG. 5(C). In this case, since the crushing blade 122 is spirally formed as shown in FIG. 1(B), the load is distributed. The resin pieces SR thus cut and crushed are collected into a collection container through the lower opening 16 of the main body casing 12.

As described above, the first embodiment has the following effects.
a. All the resin pieces (crushed material) crushed into a predetermined size by the fixed blade 400, crushing blade 122, and cutting blade 510 fall without remaining on the upper surface of the fixed blade, so that the resin pieces (crushed material) after crushing do not remain on the upper surface of the fixed blade. It is possible to make the particle size of the material (material) uniform and suppress the generation of pulverized powder.
b. By arranging the crushing blades 122 in a spiral, the number of places where resin pieces are simultaneously cut is reduced, the load can be distributed, and the driving torque of the crushing roller 100 can be reduced to save power. can.
c. By changing the pitch of the crushing blades 122 and the pitch of the cutting blades 510, the particle size of the crushed resin pieces (crushed material) can be made to a required size. Note that the pitch can be changed in any way, but for example, it can be done by changing the thickness of the crushing blade plate 120 and the groove plate 514.
d. The clearance between the bottom of the groove 124 between the crushing blades 122 and the tip of the cutting blade 510 (corresponding to CLA in FIG. 8(A)) can be adjusted depending on the hardness of the resin to be crushed. For example, if the clearance is set to 0 mm, no miscuts will occur even when cutting soft resin. Also, for example, if the clearance is set to 0.5 mm, excessive load on the blade can be suppressed even when cutting hard resin.
e. The fixed blade 400 allows the cutting blade 510 to cut even thick or long resin.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Figure (A) is a side view, and Figure (B) is a view of this as seen from the direction of arrow F4. As shown in these figures, this embodiment has a structure in which a crushing roller 600 is provided above the above-mentioned crushing roller 100 for coarsely crushing the sprue runner that has been introduced. The coarse crushing roller 600 is similar to the background art described above, and has a substantially S-shape as a whole, and has a rotating shaft 602 with coarse crushing blades 604 provided at appropriate intervals. The cutting edges of the coarse crushing blades 604 are provided to face each other with the rotating shaft 602 interposed therebetween. Moreover, the rotating shaft 602 is parallel to the rotating shaft 110 of the above-mentioned crushing roller 100. On the other hand, on the main body casing 12 side, a fixed blade 610 that engages with the coarse crushing blade 604 is provided so as to form a tapered surface. One of the fixed blades 610 may be a partition plate as in the previous embodiment.

According to this embodiment, the input sprue runner is first crushed by being sandwiched between the crushing blade 604 and the fixed blade 610 by the rotation of the crushing roller 600. Then, the resin pieces after the coarse crushing are further crushed according to the above-described embodiment.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Figure (A) is a side view, and Figure (B) is a view of this as seen from the direction of arrow F5. As shown in these figures, this embodiment has a configuration in which the above-described crushing roller 100 is provided with crushing blades 604 at appropriate intervals for coarsely crushing the sprue runner that has been introduced.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. When the above-mentioned crushing blade 122 is enlarged, it is shown in FIG. The crushing blade 122P in the same figure (A-2) has a substantially U-shape when viewed from the arrow F62. The crushing blade 122Q in the same figure (A-3) has a substantially U-shape when viewed from the arrow F63. As shown in these figures, the shape of the crushing blade may be various.

The same figure (B-1) shows the cross section of the crushing blade 122 seen in the direction of the arrow along the #6-#6 line in the same figure (A-1), and the thickness is the same from the blade tip to the blade bottom. There is. On the other hand, the crushing blade 122R shown in FIG. 2 (B-2) has a tapered shape in which the thickness decreases from the bottom of the blade toward the tip. In this example, the groove 124R becomes enlarged. In these examples, the outer periphery of the groove plate 123 is flat, but in the example shown in FIG. As shown in these figures, the cross-sectional shape of the crushing blade and the outer circumferential shape of the grooved plate may have various shapes.

Next, Example 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1(B), the cutting edge 122A of the grinding blade 122 is oblique and the grinding blade 122 is arranged in a spiral shape along the cutting edge line 122LR. In the crushing roller 100W shown in FIG. 7(A), the cutting edge of the crushing blade 122W is not oblique and coincides with the direction of the rotating shaft 110. Further, the cutting edges of the adjacent crushing blades 122W are aligned with the cutting edge line 122WLR. The cutting edge line 122WRL is sequentially shifted in the circumferential direction and has a spiral shape when viewed as a whole. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the number of parts where the resin pieces are simultaneously cut and to distribute the load, as in the above-described embodiment.

Next, in the embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 7(B-1), the cutting roller 500 has a structure in which a cutting blade plate 508 provided with a cutting blade 510 and a groove plate 514 are alternately stacked. However, as shown in FIG. 2 (B-2), a cutting blade unit 510A that serves both the cutting blade plate 508 and the groove plate 514 may be stacked. The same applies to the crushing roller 100, and the crushing blade plate 120 and the groove plate 123 may be configured integrally and overlapped. Note that when the cutting blade 510 is used while being fixed to the crushing blade 122, as shown in FIG. Alternatively, the cutting blade 510 may be provided in a fan shape. Furthermore, when the cutting blade is used in a fixed manner, it may be rotated when wear occurs, and the portion facing the crushing blade 122 may be shifted.

Next, in the above embodiment, the fixed blade 400 has R-processed 400B on the cutting edge 400A as shown in the same figure (C-1). As in the example above, the upper side of the cutting edge 402A may be made flat.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Examples include:
(1) The shapes and dimensions shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and may be changed as necessary.
(2) In the above embodiments, the cutting blade is a thin disk-shaped blade, but saw-blade-shaped irregularities or slits may be provided on the outer peripheral cutting edge. Further, in the example of FIG. 7(B-3), the shape is fan-shaped, but various shapes such as an ellipse or a polygon may be used.
(3) In the coarse crushing roller 600 of the embodiment described above, two coarse crushing blades 604 were provided at an angle of 180 degrees, but a larger number of coarse crushing blades may be provided. Furthermore, the position of the coarse crushing blade 604 may be shifted in the angular direction between adjacent coarse crushing rollers 600. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 4(A), the rotating shaft 110 of the crushing roller 100 and the rotating shaft 602 of the crushing roller 600 are parallel and in the same direction, but the resin pieces crushed by the crushing roller 600 As long as it is possible to send the powder to the crushing roller 100, the relationship between the rotation axes may be set as appropriate. For example, the arrangement may be such that the rotation axis 110 of the crushing roller 100 and the rotation axis 602 of the coarse crushing roller 600 are perpendicular to each other.
(4) In the above embodiment, the cutting edge 122A of the crushing blade 122 is formed in a spiral direction with respect to the rotation axis direction of the crushing roller 100, so that the blade edge is arranged in a straight line that coincides with the direction of the rotation axis 110. The number of simultaneous cutting points is reduced and the load during crushing and cutting is distributed compared to when the spiral is cut at the same time. By setting this, cutting will always be performed facing only one crushing blade, further reducing the load.

According to the present invention, since the object that has been crushed by the crushing roller and the fixed blade and has entered the groove between the crushing blades is further cut by the cutting blade , the object can be cut well by the cutting blade. Since the particle size of the pulverized material becomes uniform and the generation of pulverized powder is reduced, it is suitable for pulverizing sprues and runners.

10: Grinding device 12: Main body casing 14: Opening 16: Openings 20, 22: Fixed plate 30: Guide plate 100, 100W: Grinding roller 110: Rotating shaft 120: Grinding blade plate 122, 122L, 122P, 122Q, 122R, 122W : Grinding blade 122A: Blade edge 122LR: Blade edge line 122WLR: Blade edge line 123, 123S: Groove plate 124, 124R, 124S: Groove 300: Partition plate 400, 402: Fixed blade 400A, 402A: Blade edge 400B: R processing 500: Cutting roller 502: Support shaft 508: Cutting blade plate 510: Cutting blade 510A: Cutting blade unit 514: Groove plate 600: Crushing roller 602: Rotating shaft 604: Crushing blade 610: Fixed blade 900: Crushing blade 902: Fixed blade SR: resin piece

Claims (10)

A large number of crushing blades are provided in the circumferential direction, and a crushing roller is provided with crushing blades and grooves alternately in the direction of the rotation axis, and a crushing roller is provided in the direction of the rotation axis opposite to the crushing blades of this crushing roller. A crushing device comprising a fixed blade with a linear cutting edge , and crushing an object between the crushing roller and the fixed blade by rotationally driving the crushing roller,
A plurality of cutting blades are provided that cut the object by entering each of the grooves between the crushing blades,
By arranging the fixed blade on the input side of the object and arranging the cutting blade below the fixed blade, the object crushed by the crushing roller and the fixed blade can be removed by the cutting blade. A crushing device characterized by cutting by . 2. The crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising a cutting roller having a plurality of cutting blade plates each having the cutting blade formed thereon in an axial direction parallel to the rotation axis of the crushing blade. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge of the cutting blade hits the bottom of the groove of the crushing roller. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a clearance is provided between the cutting edge of the cutting blade and the bottom of the groove of the crushing roller. 5. The crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the clearance is adjusted according to the hardness of the object. The crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushing blades are arranged in a spiral shape with respect to the rotation axis direction of the crushing roller. 7. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the cutting edge of the crushing blade is oblique along the direction of the spiral. The crushing device according to claim 1, further comprising a crushing blade for crushing the object above the crushing roller. The crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the crushing roller is provided with a crushing blade for crushing the object. The crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cutting edge of the fixed blade is rounded.

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