JP7399489B2 - How to handle center foam and attachments for center foam - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a center foam (hereinafter simply referred to as foam) for forming a center in a center used for forming lining concrete on the inner peripheral surface of a tunnel. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for handling center foam during concrete lining construction and a fixture for center foam.

For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, lining concrete placed on the inner peripheral surface of a tunnel is formed by a center as a concrete formwork device.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the center 11 includes a gantry-shaped support device 12 installed on the ground of the tunnel 100, and a foam unit 13 that is curved into an arch shape as a whole and supported on the support device 12. It is equipped with The foam unit 13 includes, for example, a plurality of top forms 14 located at the top, upper forms 15 and lower forms 16 located on both sides of the top forms 14. The top form 14, the upper form 15, and the lower form 16 each have a hinge portion 18 connected to the end portion by a hinge pin 21 (see FIG. 10). 22 indicates a hinge hole. The top form 14, the upper form 15, and the lower form 16 are arranged in parallel in a connected manner in the circumferential direction and the extension direction of the tunnel 100. The top form 14, the upper form 15, and the lower form 16 have face plates 141, 151, 161 on their curved outer diameter sides for forming the lining concrete 101.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 10, the top form 14 has hinge portions 18 each consisting of two (or one) hinge plates 17 at both ends. A side plate 142 of the top form 14 has a bolt insertion hole 143. The foam unit 13 is constructed by connecting the foams 14, 15, and 16 at the hinge portion 18 and the bolt insertion hole 143.

When constructing the center 11, the support device 12 is assembled on the ground of the tunnel 100, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. A top form 14 is supported on the support device 12, and an upper form 15 and a lower form 16 are connected to both ends of the top form 14 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel 100 by a hinge portion 18 and a hinge pin 21. In the extending direction of the tunnel 100, the side plates 142 of the top form 14, the upper form 15, the lower form 16, etc. are connected by bolts (not shown) passing through bolt insertion holes 143. In this way, the foam unit 13 is formed.

In disassembling the center 11, the lower form 16 and the upper form 15 are folded toward the center of the tunnel 100, and a jack (not shown) supporting the form unit 13 is retracted to lower the form unit 13. Then, the lower form 16 and the upper form 15 are disassembled and removed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, the top form 14 is lifted up by the crane 102, dismantled and removed from the support device 12, and moved to a truck bed (not shown) or the like for transportation.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-125325

As is clear from FIG. 3, when the top form 14 is dismantled and removed, the crane 102 is placed offset from the center of the tunnel 100 to the side in order to secure a turning area for the boom 103 of the crane 102. Ru. The top form 14 is then suspended from the boom 103 via a hanging cable 104. Next, the top form 14 is moved so as to be rotated around a position away from the center of the tunnel 100 and removed. For this reason, there was a risk that the end of the top form 14 would collide with the finished surface, which is the inner circumferential surface of the concrete lining 101 after forming, or rub the finished surface. Therefore, the finished surface is scratched, resulting in a deterioration in the appearance quality of the finished surface. Further, when the end of the top form 14 collides with the formed concrete lining 101, the end may bounce off the finished surface or dig into the finished surface without bouncing back. Then, due to the rebound and digging, the top form 14 may move inadvertently and move in the opposite direction to the direction of removal movement, which may impede movement for removal.

In the center foam handling method of the present invention, in order to form concrete lining for a tunnel, in a center having a foam unit configured by connecting a plurality of center foams made of steel, the center foam is inserted into the center. When the center form is removed from the center, or when the center form is assembled to the center , the end of the center form is brought into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel in a buffered state, and the center form rolls on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel. It is characterized by the fact that a rolling member is attached thereto.

Therefore, even if the edge of the center foam hits the inner peripheral surface of the lining concrete when handling the center foam, the rolling member will act as a buffer, so the inner peripheral surface will be damaged or the center foam will move accidentally. It is possible to avoid hindrances to removal.

The center form attachment of the present invention includes a connecting part that is removably connected to the center form made of steel for forming tunnel lining concrete, and is supported by a bearing included in the connecting part. and a rolling member that is capable of rolling on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel in the circumferential direction .

Therefore, even if the edge of the form hits the inner circumferential surface of the lining concrete, the rolling member of the fixture will roll and act as a buffer, so the inner circumferential surface will be damaged or the form will move unnecessarily, causing removal. You can avoid causing trouble.

According to the present invention, it is possible to avoid damage to the inner circumferential surface of the lining concrete, and the appearance quality of the inner circumferential surface can be improved.

A front sectional view showing the state of placing concrete lining. A side sectional view showing the state before pouring of lining concrete. A sectional view showing the disassembled state of the top form. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the top form with the roller unit attached. FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the top form showing the roller unit. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the roller unit. A partial perspective view of the top form showing a state in which a roller unit is attached. 8 is a partial perspective view of the top form seen from a different direction from FIG. 7, showing a state in which the roller unit is attached. FIG. A partial sectional view of the top form showing a state in which a roller unit is attached. A partial perspective view of the top form showing the hinge part. FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the top form showing a modification example. A front cross-sectional view showing the state of placing concrete lining in a narrow cross-section tunnel. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a disassembled state of a center in a narrow cross-section tunnel. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the upper form showing the state in which the roller unit is attached. FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of the upper form with the roller unit attached. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the first roller unit. FIG. 3 is a front view of the second roller unit. Sectional view showing the initial stage of disassembly of the upper form. Sectional view showing the middle stage of disassembly of the upper form. A sectional view showing the final stage of disassembly of the upper form. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the upper form before being conveyed. The perspective view which shows the example of a change of a roller unit.

[First embodiment]
A first embodiment embodying a center foam handling method and a center foam attachment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS. 1 to 11. The center 11 and foam unit 13 described in this first embodiment are the same as the conventional ones shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and the like.

(Configuration of attachment for center form)
First, the roller unit 31 as a fixture for the center foam used when dismantling the center 11 will be explained. As shown in FIG. 5, this roller unit 31 is detachably attached to the hinge portion 18 on one end side of the top form 14.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, the roller unit 31 is attached between each pair of hinge plates 17 at the hinge portion 18 at at least one end of the upper form 15. As shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 6, the unit frame 34 is provided with an attachment piece 35 as a connecting portion, and stoppers 36 are provided at a plurality of locations on the attachment piece 35. As shown in FIG. The stopper 36 includes a female thread member 37 and a stopper screw 38.

A through hole 45 is formed in the attachment piece 35 .
A bearing 46 made of a pair of plate materials is fixed to the end of the mounting piece 35. A protective portion made of a flexible elastic material such as urethane rubber or silicone rubber, and a roller 48 as a rolling member are rotatably supported on this bearing 46 via a shaft 47 . Therefore, the hardness of the roller 48 is lower than that of the lining concrete 101. The roller 48 is preferably of a light color such as white. The shaft 47 can be attached to and detached from the bearing 46 by removing a retaining pin 49 at its end. Therefore, roller 48 is replaceable.

A connecting pin 51 is removably inserted into the through hole 45 . A flange 52 that contacts the side surface of the attachment piece 35 is formed at one end of the connecting pin 51, and a pin hole 53 is provided between the outer peripheral surfaces of the other end. A lynch pin 54 is removably inserted into the pin hole 53. A ring 55 is rotatably attached to the head of the lynch pin 54. As shown by the solid line in FIG. 8, when the ring 55 is placed in one position, the ring 55 is fitted onto the connecting pin 51 and into the recess 57 of the shaft of the lynch pin 54. . Further, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 8, when the ring 55 is placed at another position, the ring 55 is removed from the externally fitted position around the connecting pin 51.

As shown in FIG. 6, the axis α of the through hole 45 and the connecting pin 51 and the axis β of the shaft 47 of the roller 48 extend in directions different by 90 degrees.
(Action of the first embodiment)
When the center 11 is dismantled, the lower form 16 and the upper form 15 of the form unit 13 are dismantled. Subsequently, the top form 14 located at the top of the form unit 13 is disassembled. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, when the top form 14 is dismantled, the roller unit 31 is attached in advance to the hinge portion 18 at one end of the top form 14 on the support device 12. As shown in FIG. 3, one end to which this roller unit 31 is attached is the side that approaches the lining concrete 101 when the top form 14 is dismantled and moved. Note that, as shown in FIG. 4, the roller units 31 may be attached to both ends of the top form 14.

When installing the roller unit 31, the unit frame 34 is inserted between the hinge plates 17 of the hinge portion 18. Then, the connecting pin 51 is inserted into the through hole 45 of the hinge plate 17 and the through hole 45 of the unit frame 34, and the lynch pin 54 is inserted into the pin hole 53 at the tip of the connecting pin 51. Finally, the ring 55 of the lynch pin 54 is fitted onto the connecting pin 51 and into the recess 57 . Therefore, in this state, the connecting pin 51 is inserted and prevented from coming off by the flange 52 and the lynch pin 54. The stopper screw 38 is brought into contact with the hinge plate 17, and the roller unit 31 is positioned. In this state, the shaft 47 of the roller 48 of the roller unit 31 is oriented in the vertical direction. Therefore, the roller 48 is rotated in a plane along the horizontal direction. Therefore, the rollers 48 can roll in the extending direction of the tunnel 100.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 3, the top form 14 is suspended by the boom 103 of the crane 102 via the suspension cable 104. Then, the top form 14 is removed from above the support device 12 by turning the boom 103 in the lateral direction. In this case, even if the end of the top form 14 contacts the inner circumferential surface of the concrete lining 101, the inner circumferential surface is rolled by the rollers 48 in the lateral direction, which is the direction in which the tunnel 100 extends. The surface will not be damaged.

After disassembly, the roller unit 31 is removed from the hinge portion 18.
(Effects of the first embodiment)
Therefore, this embodiment has the following effects.

(1-1) When the top form 14 is dismantled, the end of the top form 14 may come into contact with the inner peripheral surface, which is the finished surface of the lining concrete 101. In this case, the roller 48, which is more flexible than the concrete lining 101, is in contact with the inner peripheral surface. Therefore, the contact with the inner circumferential surface becomes a buffer state, and the finished surface of the lining concrete 101 can be prevented from being damaged.

(1-2) As mentioned above, since it is the rotatable roller 48 that hits the lining concrete 101, the movement of the top form 14 after hitting the concrete lining 101 is not hindered by the rolling of the roller 48. The boom 103 moves smoothly as the boom 103 turns. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the top form 14 from bouncing back due to a collision with the concrete lining 101, and the removal movement can be carried out efficiently.

(1-3) Since the roller unit 31 having the roller 48 is attached to the hinge portion 18 of the top form 14 by inserting the connecting pin 51, it is easy to attach and detach.
[Second embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings of FIGS. 12 to 22. The center 11 in this embodiment has the same structure as the conventional structure described above, but its overall shape is narrow to match the narrow cross-section of the tunnel 100.

In this embodiment, in order to lower the upper form 15 along the inner circumferential surface of the concrete lining 101, roller units 32 and 33 having a configuration different from that of the first embodiment are attached to the upper form 15. .

(Configuration of center foam attachment)
That is, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, first and second roller units 32 and 33 are used as roller units.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the first roller units 32 are attached to one hinge plate 17 on each side of one end of the upper form 15. As shown in FIGS. That is, one end of the unit frame 34 is provided with a mounting piece 35 made of a pair of plate materials spaced apart from each other. A female screw member 37 constituting the stopper 36 is fixed between these plates. A stopper screw 38 is screwed into the female thread member 37, and its tip abuts against the hinge plate 17 and the reinforcing portion 40 of the upper form 15. Female threaded members 37 constituting a stopper 36 are fixed to both side surfaces of both mounting pieces 35, and a stopper screw 38 is screwed into these female threaded members 37.

A through hole 45 is formed in both attachment pieces 35. A connecting pin 51 having a configuration similar to that of the first embodiment is inserted into the through hole 45. A bearing 46 is fixed to the other end of both attachment pieces 35. Similar to the first embodiment, a roller 48 made of a flexible elastic material such as urethane rubber or silicone rubber is rotatably supported on this bearing 46 via a shaft 47. In this embodiment, the axis α of the through hole 45 and the connecting pin 51 and the axis β of the shaft 47 of the roller 48 extend substantially parallel to each other.

As shown in FIG. 17, the second roller unit 33 has a roller shaft 59 at its center, and a threaded portion 58 is formed at the tip of the roller shaft 59. A nut 60 is screwed into the threaded portion 58 .

(Action of the second embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 13, when the center 11 is dismantled, after the foam unit 13 is demolded, outriggers 61 are connected to the four corners of the support device 12, and the outriggers 61 ensure the upright state of the support device 12. . Next, the lower legs (not shown) of the support device 12 are removed, and the center 11 is supported by the outriggers 61. However, if the legs are located where they will not interfere with the disassembly or removal of the upper form 15, which will be described later, they may be left in place. Then, the lower foam 16 and the upper foam 15 are folded toward the center of the tunnel 100.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, a floor plate 62 is laid on the ground of the tunnel 100 at a position corresponding to the foam unit 13. Then, a guide plate 63 is interposed in an inclined state between both width ends of the floor plate 62 and the lower end of the lining concrete 101. The bottom plate 62 is provided with a protruding holding portion 64 for holding the guide plate 63 in an inclined state.

The lower foam 16 is then separated from the upper foam 15 and removed.
As shown in FIG. 18, a hanging cable 65 made of a chain block is connected between the top form 14 and the upper form 15. Next, by removing the hinge pin 21, the connection between the top form 14 and the upper form 15 is released, and the upper form 15 is suspended by the hanging rope 65. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the first roller units 32 are attached to both hinge plates 17 at both ends of the upper form 15. To attach the first roller unit 32, the hinge plates 17 at both ends of the upper form 15 are inserted into the attachment pieces 35, and the connecting pins 51 are inserted into the hinge holes 22 and the through holes 45. Then, the first roller unit 32 is positioned by applying the stopper 36 to the end surface of the hinge plate 17. In this way, the roller 48 is rotated about a line parallel to the hinge hole 22 at a position on the face plate 151 side of the upper form 15. That is, in this state, the roller 48 is rotated in the vertical direction.

Further, the second roller unit 33 is attached to the bolt insertion holes 143 of the side plates 152 on both sides of the upper form 15 at its roller shaft 47 . The roller 48 of the second roller unit 33 is also rotated about a line parallel to the hinge hole 22 at a position on the face plate 151 side.

In this state, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 20, the suspension cable 65 is let out to lower the upper form 15. Therefore, the rollers 48 of the lower first roller unit 32, the rollers 48 of the second roller unit 33, and the rollers 48 of the upper first roller unit 32 are guided by the guide plate 63 and roll downward toward the bottom plate 62. . Therefore, the upper form 15 moves from the guide plate 63 to the bottom plate 62 side while changing its angle in the direction of collapse. Then, at the center of the bottom plate 62, the upper form 15 removes the hanging rope 65 from the end of the upper form 15.

Next, as shown in FIG. 21, a suspension cable 66 made of another chain block is connected between the center part of the upper form 15 and the construction part 122 of the support device 12. Then, by winding up the hanging rope 66, the upper form 15 is lifted, and the upper form 15 is transferred to the loading platform of the truck 67 that has entered the support device 12. In this way, the upper form 15 is transported outside after being dismantled and removed.

The top form 14 is removed using a method (not shown) different from that of the first embodiment.
(Effects of the second embodiment)
Therefore, this embodiment has the following effects.

(2-1) When dismantling the upper form 15, the rollers 48 run vertically on the inner circumferential surface of the concrete lining 101, so the dismantling can be carried out smoothly along the inner circumferential surface of the concrete lining 101. . At this time, as described above, since the rollers 48 roll and travel downward on the inner peripheral surface of the concrete lining 101, damage to the finished surface of the inner peripheral surface of the concrete lining 101 can be avoided.

(2-2) When the width of the tunnel 100 is narrow, the center 11 also has a narrow cross-sectional shape. In such a case, the gap between the support device 12 of the center 11 and the foam unit 13 becomes narrower. In this state, it is difficult to allow the boom of a crane to lift the upper form 15 to enter between the concrete lining 101 and the support device 12. In this embodiment, since the upper form 15 is simply moved downward without using a crane, there is no problem of difficulty.

(2-3) It is also possible to transport the upper form 15 through the tunnel 100 along the rails, but since the upper form 15 is curved, there is a risk of interference with the outriggers 61 and the like. In this embodiment, as described above, the upper form 15 is simply moved downward, so there is no such fear.

(Example of change)
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be embodied in the following manner. Both of the embodiments described above and the following modification examples can be combined with each other within a range that does not contradict each other.

- As shown in FIG. 11, in the first embodiment, the roller unit 31 is provided in the side plate 142 of the top form 14 using the bolt insertion hole 143 of the side plate 142.
- In the first embodiment, when the hinge part 18 has one hinge plate 17, the mounting piece 35 should be composed of two plates as shown in FIG.

- Instead of the roller 48 as a rolling member, an endless track-shaped endless belt stretched between a plurality of wheels is used.
- In the second embodiment, when the hinge portion 18 has two hinge plates 17, the following changes should be made. That is, as shown in FIG. 22, the through hole 45 of the attachment piece 35 of the first roller unit 32 is made of one plate so that it can be inserted between the two hinge plates 18. In this case, as also shown in FIG. 22, the female thread of the stopper screw 38 of the stopper 36 can be formed in the attachment piece 35.

- A sliding body that slides relative to the form upon contact with the lining concrete 101 is provided as a protective member. This slide body is preferably made of a flexible material such as rubber. Moreover, this slide body is arranged at one end side by the spring force of the spring. Then, it is preferable that it be moved to a position on the other end side against the spring force by contact with the lining concrete 101.

- In the first embodiment, instead of the roller 48, a cushioning material such as a synthetic resin that covers the end of the form is provided as a protective member so that the steel of the form does not come into direct contact with the lining concrete 101. . This buffer material preferably has a small coefficient of friction so that it can easily slide on the concrete lining 101.

- Provide a metal roller as a rolling member. In this case, it is preferable to suspend the metal roller using a spring or rubber so that the metal roller elastically retreats upon contact with the lining concrete 101.

- At the time of assembling the form unit 13 before forming the lining concrete 101, the roller units 31, 32, 33 are attached to the forms 14, 15 as in the first and second embodiments. During this assembly, the rollers 48 of the roller units 31, 32, and 33 roll on the base surface before the lining concrete 101 is placed.

11... Center 13... Form unit 14... Top form 15... Upper side form 16... Lower side top form 31... Roller unit 32... First roller unit 33... Second roller unit 48... Roller 100... Tunnel 101... Lining concrete

Claims (8)

In order to form tunnel lining concrete, a center has a form unit configured by connecting a plurality of center forms made of steel,
When the center form is removed from the center, or when the center form is assembled to the center , the end of the center form is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel in a buffered state, and A method of handling center foam characterized by installing a rolling member that rolls on the inner peripheral surface. The rolling member has a rotatable roller,
2. The method for handling center foam according to claim 1, wherein the roller is made of a material having a lower hardness than the lining concrete. The method for handling center foam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rolling member is attached in a direction in which it rolls along the extending direction of the tunnel. The method for handling center foam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rolling member is attached when the foam unit is disassembled. The method for handling center foam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rolling member is attached to an end of a top foam located at the top of the foam unit. A connecting part that is removably connected to a center form made of steel material for forming tunnel lining concrete, and a bearing that is supported by the connecting part and that extends in the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel. A center foam attachment having a rolling member capable of rolling . 7. A fixture for a center form according to claim 6 , wherein said rolling member is a rotatable roller. 8. The fixture for center foam according to claim 7 , wherein said roller is made of a material having a lower hardness than said lining concrete.