JP7427749B2 - Filter system, filter element and method with short range wireless feature tracking - Google Patents

Description

PRIORITY CLAIM This application is filed by US domestic corporation DONALDSON COMPANY, INC., applicant for all national designations. and U.S. citizen Danny William Miller and U.S. citizen Daniel E., inventors for all national designations. Adamek, filed as PCT International Patent Application No. 16/2018 on August 16, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. No. 102,277 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/546,246 filed August 16, 2017.

Embodiments herein relate to filter systems that include short range wireless feature tracking. More specifically, embodiments herein provide a filter that includes short-range wireless tracking features that can detect actions on the filter system, such as uncovering, latching, insertion, and/or removal of a filter element from the filter system. Regarding the system.

Fluid streams often carry particulate material within them. It is often desirable to remove some or all particulate material from a fluid stream. For example, the intake air flow to the engine of an electric vehicle or power generation device, the gas flow directed to a gas turbine, and the air flow to various combustion furnaces often contain particulate material therein. Once the particulate material reaches the inner workings of the various mechanisms involved, it can cause considerable damage to it. Accordingly, such systems preferably remove particulate material from fluid streams upstream of engines, turbines, combustion furnaces, or other involved equipment. A variety of air or gas filter arrangements have been developed for particle removal. Beyond particle removal, the filter system can also be used as a gas or liquid phase contaminant removal system.

Many filter systems include filter elements that must be replaced and/or serviced from time to time to ensure proper operation.

Embodiments include a filter system that includes a short range wireless tracking feature that can detect insertion and/or removal of a filter element from the filter system. One embodiment includes a filtration system having a housing. The housing may include a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The housing may define an interior volume. The first filter element may be configured to be removably disposed within the housing. A short range wireless tag may be associated with the first filter element. A short-range wireless reader associated with or external to the housing wirelessly transmits data to the short-range wireless tag when the short-range wireless reader and the short-range wireless tag are at a distance that is less than or equal to a maximum communication range. and configured to receive data from the short-range wireless tag. Removal of the first filter element from the housing includes moving the short-range wireless tag away from the short-range wireless reader by an amount that causes the distance between the short-range wireless tag and the short-range wireless reader to exceed the maximum communication range. can cause

One embodiment includes a filtration system having a housing. The housing may include a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The housing may define an interior volume. The first filter element may be configured to be removably disposed within the housing. A short range wireless communication tag may be associated with the first filter element. The short range wireless communication reader may be associated with or outside the housing. The reader may be configured to wirelessly transmit data to and receive data from the tag when the reader and the tag are at a distance that is less than or equal to a maximum communication range. Removal of the first filter element from the housing may cause movement of the short range wireless tag away from the reader by an amount that causes a distance between the tag and the reader to exceed a maximum communication range.

In one embodiment, a method of detecting a filter element removal event within a filtration system is included. The method may include inductively transmitting power from a short range wireless communication reader associated with or outside the filter housing to a short range wireless communication tag. The filter housing may include a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The filter housing may define an interior volume. A short range wireless communication tag may be associated with the first filter element. The first filter element may be configured to be removably disposed within the housing. The method may include receiving a wireless signal generated by the tag by the reader. The method may also include detecting an occurrence of no communication between the reader and the tag, where the occurrence of no communication following a previous stage communication is indicative of a filter element removal event.

In one embodiment, a filtration system is included. The filtration system may include a spin-on canister filter, a short-range wireless communication tag associated with the spin-on canister filter, a filter head configured to receive the spin-on canister filter, and a short-range wireless communication reader associated with the filter head. . The short-range wireless communication reader transmits data wirelessly to the short-range wireless communication tag when the short-range wireless communication reader and the short-range wireless communication tag are at a distance that is less than or equal to the maximum communication distance. The communication tag may be configured to receive from a communication tag. Removal of the spin-on canister filter from the filter head causes the short-range wireless communication tag to move away from the short-range wireless communication reader by an amount that causes the distance between the short-range wireless communication tag and the short-range wireless communication reader to exceed the maximum communication range. May cause displacement.

This summary is an overview of some of the teachings of the present application and is not intended to be an exclusive or exhaustive treatment of the subject matter. Further details are found in the detailed description and appended claims. Other aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the following detailed description and upon viewing the accompanying drawings, each of which is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and which forms a part thereof. The scope herein is defined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

Aspects may be more fully understood with reference to the accompanying drawings below.

1 is a schematic diagram of a filter system data communication environment 100. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system in which a filter system according to the present disclosure is used; FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system having a primary filter element installed therein according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system with a primary filter element removed according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system having a primary filter element and a secondary filter element installed therein in accordance with various embodiments herein; FIG. A schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system having a primary filter element and a secondary filter element installed therein according to various embodiments herein is shown. An exploded perspective view of a filter system including a housing and filter element constructed in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure is shown. 8 illustrates an end elevational view of the filter system of FIG. 7 in an assembled orientation according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 8 is an end elevational view of the filter system of FIG. 7 in an assembled orientation according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the filter system of FIG. 7 in an assembled orientation according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a filter system having a filter element therein according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a filter system including a housing having a first housing portion and a second housing portion; FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a filter assembly including a filter head and a spin-on canister filter according to various embodiments herein; FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system with a primary filter element removed according to various embodiments herein; FIG.

While the embodiments are subject to various modifications and alternative forms, each of which is shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings and will hereinafter be described in detail. However, it should be understood that the scope of the specification is not limited to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the invention covers modifications, equivalents, and alternative embodiments falling within the spirit and scope of the specification.

Embodiments herein may include the use of short range wireless communication components such as tags and readers placed on the filter elements and on the housing in which they fit. The tag and reader may be arranged such that removal of the filter element separates the tag and associated reader by a distance that exceeds their operational wireless communication range. Accordingly, removal of filter elements from the housing in which they fit may be determined based on sensing a lack of communication between the wireless tag and the associated wireless reader.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of a filter system data communication environment 100 is shown. A machine 102, such as a vehicle, may include an engine control unit (ECU) 104 and a filter system 106. Filter system 106 may be for a variety of purposes including, but not limited to, filtering fluids such as incoming air, fuel, lubricating oil, or exhaust gas. In some embodiments, machine 102 includes multiple filter systems. An exemplary filter system is described in further detail below.

In some embodiments, filter system 106 may be in electronic communication with ECU 104 in either a wired or wireless manner. In some embodiments, filter system 106 connects wireless signals to components external to machine 102 or the vehicle, either by bypassing ECU 104 or in parallel with wired or wireless signals that are exchanged with ECU 104. may be emitted and/or received to or from.

Machine 102 may reside within a work environment 116. Work environment 116 may represent the geographic area in which machine 102 primarily works. Depending on the nature of the machine 102, the work environment 116 can be very large (10-1000 per square mile) or relatively small (less than 10 or even less than 1 per square mile). Work environment 116 may be, for example, a mining facility, a construction site, a shipping or distribution center, a production facility, or the like. In some embodiments, a gateway or repeater unit 110 may be located within the work environment 116. Gateway or repeater unit 110, in some embodiments, communicates wirelessly with machine 102 and/or its components, such as filter system 106 and/or ECU 104. In some embodiments, gateway or repeater unit 110 may be connected to an external data network 122, such as the Internet or various private networks. In some embodiments, data network 122 may be a packet switched network. In some embodiments, gateway or repeater 110 may also include data network router functionality.

In some embodiments, server 112 may also be located within work environment 116. Server 112 may receive data from gateway or repeater unit 110 . However, it will be appreciated that in many embodiments, server 112 may not be within work environment 116.

In some embodiments, the wireless signal from one or more of the components, such as the machine 102, the ECU 104, the filter system 106, the gateway or repeater unit 110, may be a cellular tower or other wireless communication tower. may be replaced with a wireless communication tower 120 (or antenna array). Wireless communication tower 120 may be connected (packet switched or otherwise) to a data network 122, such as the Internet or another type of public or private data network.

The data network may provide one-way or two-way communication with other components outside of work environment 116. For example, server 124 or other processing device may receive electronic signals containing data from one or more components such as machine 102, ECU 104, filter system 106, gateway or repeater unit 110, etc. Server 124 may interface with database 126 to store data. In some embodiments, server 124 (or a particular device that is part of a server system) may interface with a user device 128 that may allow a user to query data stored within database 126.

The data generated by filter system 106 can be of various types. In some embodiments, the data generated by the filter system 106 includes data regarding pressure drop, pressure drop changes over time, primary filter removal events and/or number thereof, secondary filter removal events and/or number thereof, It may include primary filter usage time, secondary filter usage time, primary filter installation date and time and/or number of installation events, secondary filter installation date and time and/or number of installation events, etc.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system in which a filter system according to the present disclosure is used is shown. In FIG. 2, equipment 232 (such as a vehicle) having an engine 233 with a regulation rated airflow demand (e.g., at least 1,400 liters/minute (50 cubic feet/minute) up to 51,000 liters/minute (1800 cubic feet/minute)) is shown. ) is schematically shown. The equipment 232 can be a marine application such as a bus, highway truck, off-road vehicle, tractor, light or medium-duty truck or motorboat. The engine 233 is powered through the use of an air/fuel mixture. Power is provided to equipment 232. In FIG. 2, airflow is shown drawn into engine 233 at intake region 235. An optional turbo 236 is hypothetically shown as optionally augmenting the intake air into engine 233. A filter system 240 having a filter construction 242 is upstream of engine 233 and turbo 236. Generally, during operation, air is drawn into filter system 240, as shown by arrow 244, and It passes through filter construction 242 where particles and contaminants are removed from the air. The purified air flows downstream into intake region 235 as shown by arrow 246. From there, the air enters engine 233. flows to power equipment 232.

Referring now to FIG. 3, a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system 300 having a primary filter element 320 installed therein according to various embodiments herein is shown. Filter system 300 may include a housing 302 that includes a fluid inlet 310 and a fluid outlet 312 and defines an interior volume 314 . The primary filter element 320 may be disposed within the interior volume 314 of the housing 302 and may be configured to be removably disposed therein. In the view shown in FIG. 3, primary filter element 320 is inserted far enough into housing 302 such that primary filter element 320 is in a position near or in contact with distal end 328 of interior volume 314. On the opposite side of the interior volume 314 is a proximal end 330 of the interior volume 314 . A proximal end 330 of the interior volume 314 is configured to engage a removable cover 304 that fits adjacent the proximal end 330 to seal the proximal end of the housing from fluid flow therethrough. be done. The removable cover 304 can engage the proximal end 330 and remain attached thereto via various devices or structures, including screws, friction fit mechanisms, latches, buckles, snap-on mechanisms, and the like. obtain.

A short-range wireless communication tag, such as a near-field communication (NFC) tag 322, may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) the primary filter element 320. A short-range wireless communication reader, such as a near-field communication (NFC) reader 324, may be disposed within or on the housing 302. The NFC reader 324 wirelessly transmits data to and receives data from the NFC tag 322 when the NFC reader 324 and the NFC tag 322 are at a distance 326 that is less than or equal to the maximum communication distance 346 between the NFC reader 324 and the NFC tag 322. may be configured to do so.

In various embodiments herein, removal of the primary filter element from the housing causes movement of the tag away from the reader by an amount that causes the distance between the tag and the reader to exceed a maximum communication range. Referring now to FIG. 4, a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system 300 with a primary filter element 320 removed according to various embodiments herein is shown. In this view, cover 304 has been removed from proximal end 330 of interior volume 314. Additionally, primary filter element 320 has been spaced apart from distal end 328 of interior volume 314. Therefore, NFC reader 324 and NFC tag 322 are now located at a distance 326 that is greater than or equal to the maximum communication distance 346 between NFC reader 324 and NFC tag 322 .

It will be appreciated that embodiments of filter systems herein may include more than one filter element. For example, in some embodiments herein, a filter system may be configured to include a primary filter element and a secondary filter element. The primary filter element may perform most or all of its filtration activity during normal operation. However, if the primary filter fails, a secondary filter element (or backup filter element) may protect the machine in which the filter system is placed by filtering fluid for a period of time. In some embodiments, the primary and secondary filters are replaced with the same frequency. However, in other embodiments, the primary filter is replaced more frequently than the secondary filter is changed.

Referring now to FIG. 5, a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system 300 having a primary filter element 320 and a secondary filter element 321 installed therein according to various embodiments herein is shown. Filter system 300 may include a housing 302 that includes a fluid inlet 310 and a fluid outlet 312 and defines an interior volume 314 . The primary filter element 320 may be disposed within the interior volume 314 of the housing 302 and may be configured to be removably disposed therein. Secondary filter element 321 may be disposed within interior volume 314 of housing 302 and may be configured to be removably disposed therein with or without simultaneous removal of primary filter element 320.

In the view shown in FIG. 5, the primary filter element 320 and the secondary filter element 321 are arranged in a housing such that the primary and secondary filter elements 320, 321 are near or in contact with the distal end 328 of the interior volume 314. fully inserted into body 302 . On the opposite side of the interior volume 314 is a proximal end 330 of the interior volume 314 . A proximal end 330 of the internal volume 314 is configured to engage a cover 304 that fits adjacent the proximal end 330 to seal the proximal end of the housing from fluid flow therethrough. .

A first NFC tag 322 may be associated with the primary filter element 320 (e.g., disposed on or in the primary filter element 320), and a second NFC tag 323 may be associated with the secondary filter element 321 (e.g., secondary filter element 321). An NFC reader 324 may be disposed within or on the housing 302. The NFC reader 324 transfers data to the first NFC tag 322 and the second NFC when the NFC reader 324 and the NFC tags 322, 323 are located at a distance less than or equal to the maximum communication distance between the NFC reader 324 and the NFC tags 322, 323. It may be configured to wirelessly transmit to and receive data from tags 323 .

It will be appreciated that the filter systems herein can take on many different shapes and configurations. Referring now to FIG. 6, a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system 600 having a primary filter element 620 and a secondary filter element 621 installed therein according to various embodiments herein is shown. Filter system 600 may include a housing 602 that includes a fluid inlet 610 and a fluid outlet 612. The housing may define an interior volume 614. The primary filter element 620 may be disposed within the interior volume 614 of the housing 602 and may be configured to be removably disposed therein. Secondary filter element 621 may be disposed within interior volume 614 of housing 602 and may be configured to be removably disposed therein. In this embodiment, primary filter element 620 may be removed with or without removing secondary filter element 621.

In the view shown in FIG. 6, both the primary filter element 620 and the secondary filter element 621 are fully inserted within the housing 602, but based on the design of the housing 602, the distal end 628 of the internal volume 614 Not equally close. On the opposite side of the interior volume 614 is a proximal end 630 of the interior volume 614. A proximal end 630 of the interior volume 614 is configured to engage a removable cover 604 that fits adjacent the proximal end 630 to seal the proximal end of the housing from fluid flow therethrough. be done.

A first near field communication tag 622 may be associated with (e.g., disposed on or within) the primary filter element 620 and a second near field communication tag 623 may be associated with the primary filter element 620 . (e.g., disposed on or within secondary filter element 621). A first short range wireless communication reader 624 and a second short range wireless communication reader 626 may be disposed within or on the housing 602. The readers 624 and 626 transmit data to the first tag 622 and the second tag when the readers 624 and 626 and the tags 622 and 623 are located at a distance that is less than or equal to the maximum communication distance between the readers 624 and 626 and the tags 622 and 623. 623 and may be configured to wirelessly transmit to and receive data from them.

With reference to the above, many different shapes and configurations of filter systems are contemplated herein. Referring now to FIG. 7, an exploded perspective view of a filter system 710 including a housing and filter element constructed in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure is shown. The depicted filter system 710 includes a housing 712 and a removable and replaceable primary filter element 714. As shown, the housing 712 includes a housing body 716 and a removable servicing cover 718. Cover 718 provides service access to the interior of housing body 716 for service. With respect to the general type of filter system 710 depicted in FIG. 7, service typically involves removing and removing at least one filter element (such as filter element 714 depicted) from the housing 712 for either refurbishment or replacement. Involved.

The depicted enclosure 712 includes an outer wall 720 having an end 721, an air inlet 722, and an air outlet 724. For the depicted embodiment, inlet 722 and outlet 724 are both within housing body 716. In other embodiments, at least one of inlet 722 or outlet 724 may be part of cover 718. In typical use, ambient or unfiltered air enters filter system 710 through inlet 722. Within filter system 710, this air is passed through filter element 714 to obtain the desired level of particle removal. This filtered air then passes outwardly from filter system 710 through outlet 724 and is directed by appropriate conduit work or conduit to the intake inlet of an associated engine or compressor or other system.

Although FIG. 7 illustrates a filter element for particle removal, it is understood that embodiments herein also include filter systems and/or filter elements for the removal of gas phase and/or liquid phase contaminants. will be done.

The particular filter system 710 depicted has an outer wall 720 that defines a barrel-shaped or generally cylindrical configuration. In this particular configuration, outlet 724 may be described as an axial outlet because it generally extends in the direction of and surrounds the central longitudinal axis defined by filter element 714 . Service cover 718 typically fits over open end 726 of housing body 716. In the particular arrangement shown, cover 718 is secured in place over end 726 by latch 728.

FIG. 7 also shows a tag 762 disposed on the first end cap 754 of the filter element 714. Reader 764 may be mounted on or within end 721 of housing 712. Once filter element 714 is fully inserted within housing 712, tag 762 may be in sufficient proximity with reader 764 to exchange wireless communications. In some embodiments, reader 764 may be in electrical communication with system controller 765. System controller 765 may include various circuitry (including RAM/ROM and/or data registers) for data telemetry, storage and/or processing, power storage and/or modulation, and/or the like. In some embodiments, system controller 765 may include a microprocessor, microcontroller, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or the like. However, in some embodiments, the elements described above with respect to system controller 765 may be incorporated into reader 764.

Referring now to FIG. 8, an end elevation view of the filter system of FIG. 7 in an assembled orientation is shown. Referring to the above, the tag may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) the first end cap of the filter element. Reader 764 may be mounted on or within the end 721 of the housing. Once the filter element is fully inserted into the housing, the tag on the filter element may be in close enough proximity with the reader 764 to exchange wireless communications. In some embodiments, reader 764 may be in electrical communication with system controller 765.

Many different physical configurations of readers and/or tags are contemplated herein. In various embodiments, the reader and/or tag may include a loop formed by a conductor that may act as an antenna. In some embodiments, the shape of the reader and/or tag can be oval, circular, polygonal, irregular, etc. In some embodiments, the reader and/or tag may define a loop with a central opening. In some embodiments, the reader and/or tag includes multiple antennas of various sizes with a switching device to selectively use one of the multiple antennas depending on the desired maximum communication range. obtain. However, in other embodiments, the reader or tag does not define any aperture.

Referring now to FIG. 9, there is shown an end elevational view of the filter system of FIG. 7 in an assembled orientation, but including a reader having a different physical configuration. Referring to the above, the tag may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) the first end cap of the filter element. Reader 764 may be mounted on or within the end 721 of the housing. Once the filter element is fully inserted into the housing, the tag on the filter element may be in close enough proximity with the reader 764 to exchange wireless communications. In some embodiments, reader 764 may be in electrical communication with system controller 765.

However, unlike the leader 764 shown in FIG. 8, the leader 764 of FIG. 9 forms a loop that is placed adjacent the outer periphery of the end 721 of the housing. In this configuration, the cross-sectional area surrounded by the leader 764 is relatively large compared to the total cross-sectional area of the end 721 of the housing.

Referring now to FIG. 10, a partial cross-sectional view of filter system 710 is depicted. Referring to FIG. 10, it can be seen that the body 716 defines an interior 730 of the filter system 710. Disposed within the interior 730 of the particular filter system 710 depicted is a filter element 714 through which air is directed during use. An optional secondary or safety filter element 732 is also depicted in this embodiment.

As used herein, the term "filter element" or "element" refers to a removable and replaceable component that includes a filter media through which air is filtered as it is directed from inlet 722 through interior 730 to outlet 724. refers to Filter element 714 performs an air filtration (or dust removal) function. Unless otherwise specified, the terms "element," "filter element," and "filter" are intended to refer to removable and replaceable components within filter system 710. Preferably, the filter element is configured so that it can be manually removed and replaced at appropriate service intervals.

As used herein, the term "primary element" or "primary filter element" generally refers to the filter element where the majority of the dust load is generated during use of the filter system. In a typical system with two elements, the primary element is located upstream of the safety element during typical assembly. By "upstream" in this context is meant "Due to the filter element location in use, the filter system configuration, and the location of the seals, air or other fluid typically flows from the inlet 722 to the outlet." 724, the air must pass through the primary element before passing through the safety element.

As used herein, the term "secondary element" or "safety element" refers to an element downstream of the primary element. Usually, very small dust loads occur on the safety element. Negligible dust loads typically occur only as a result of failure of a portion of the primary element or failure of a seal, or inadvertent dust movement during service of the primary element, or any of several other mishaps.

The safety element 732 depicted in FIG. 10 includes a cylindrical extension of filter media 734 that defines an open filter interior 736. Filter media 734 extends between open end cap 738 and closed end cap 740. The filter media 734 used within the safety element 732 may be pleated media, deep media, felt, or any type of media deemed appropriate by the designer of the filter system 710.

Safety element 732 is operably installed within housing 712 such that it is permitted to be sealed, removed from time to time, and replaced with a new safety element 732. A seal 742 is depicted between safety element 732 and housing 712. Although many different types of seals may be used, in the embodiment shown, the depicted seal 742 is a radial seal 744: specifically, between the open end cap 738 and the inner wall 746 of the body 716. In between are radial seals directed outward.

In the embodiment shown, the closed end cap 740 of the safety element 732 is typically a flat disc 748. In some embodiments, closed end cap 740 may include a protrusion that engages a portion of primary element 714. An example of an engagement between safety element 732 and primary element 714 is shown in US Pat. No. 6,652,614, which is incorporated herein by reference.

A tubular extension of filter media may extend between the first end cap 54 and the second end cap 56. In the embodiment shown, the tubular extension of the filter media is cylindrical in shape and may be conical or elliptical in other embodiments, for example. The tubular extension of the filter media defines an open filter interior. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the open filter interior accommodates a safety element. Many different types of filter media may be used. In some embodiments, the filter media can be pleated media. The pleated medium may be pleated paper or fiber.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the extension between the first end cap 54 and the second end cap 56 may also be an inner media support or inner liner. The inner liner helps support the media through operating pressures and other conditions. The inner liner may be non-metallic or metallic, such as expanded metal.

Filter element 714 is releasably sealed to housing 712 at seal 768 . A variety of techniques exist for releasably sealing filter element 714 to housing 712. In the embodiment shown, a radial seal 770 is formed between element 714 and housing 712. Specifically, an inwardly directed radial seal 770 is formed between the first end cap 754 and the inner wall 746 of the housing body 716.

The second section 792 is part of the pre-cleaner of the filter system 710. Specifically, referring now to FIG. 10, filter system 710 has a dust ejector 794 as part of housing 712 (particularly as part of cover 718). Air to be filtered enters the housing 712 through the inlet 722 and the pre-cleaner 796 helps precipitate large dust particles and removes them before they reach the primary element 714. It is discharged via the discharger 794. Specifically, the second portion 792 allows the intake air to rotate and pivot circumferentially about the second portion 792. This rotation of the air about the second portion 792 creates a centrifugal force that causes dust particles to fall to the bottom 798 of the housing 712. At the bottom 798 of the housing 712, these dust particles flow through the ejector outlet 703 in the cover 718 and then through the exhaust valve 702.

In the embodiment shown, the cover 718 mates with the second end cap 756 to help laterally hold the filter element 714 in place in an operative position within the housing 712 with a radial seal 770. Contains structure. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, cover 718 includes a protrusion 776 that projects into closed recess 708 of second end cap 756. In the embodiment shown in FIG. Preferably, the cover 718 also defines a recess 778 oriented to receive the protrusion of the second end cap 756. As seen in FIG. 10, when the protrusion is received within the closed recess 708 and when the protrusion is received by the recess 778, this causes the filter element to be mounted in place on the wall 746 by the radial seal 770. It will help keep the 714 in place.

Although many of the filter elements and housings shown heretofore depict cylindrical-shaped filter elements and housings configured to fit them, filter elements having many different shapes may be used herein. It will be understood that this is contemplated in the specification. Additionally, while the embodiments referenced above that include a secondary or safety filter element show such a secondary or safety filter element fitting just within the primary filter element, many others including primary and secondary filter elements can be used. A filter system having the following configuration is contemplated herein. Reference to a "first filter element" may refer to either a primary filter element or a secondary filter element mentioned herein, depending on the context. Similarly, reference to a "second filter element" may refer to either the primary filter element or the secondary filter element described herein, depending on the context.

In some embodiments, a lock sensor 788 may be associated with latch 728. Lock sensor 788 may detect that latch 728 has been actuated (eg, in the process of removing cover 718). Lock sensor 788 may communicate with other components of the system in either a wired or wireless manner. In some embodiments, lock sensor 788 may be in electronic communication with controller 765. A variety of components may be used to form locking sensor 788, including but not limited to piezoelectric sensors, switching sensors, capacitive sensors, and the like.

Referring now to FIG. 11, a schematic exploded perspective view of a filter system 1060 having a filter element 1000 is depicted. Filter system 1060 may include a housing 1061 having housing portions 1062, 1063. Between the housing portions 1062, 1063, an axial housing sealing device 1002 will be placed and tightened during installation. One of the housing portions 1063 will typically serve as a filter element housing and will include a housing groove 1065 therein. During installation, the sealing device 1002 is fitted into the receiving groove 1065. Second housing portion 1063 will typically include a pressure flange 1064 oriented to apply pressure to surface 1014 during installation. Pressure flange 1064 helps ensure that sealing surface 1015 is pressurized to properly clamp sealing member 1012 against the shelf or sealing surface portion of groove 1065 for sealing. Various retention mechanisms may be used to apply and retain the force, such as bolts or over center latches.

Still referring to FIG. 11, the housing portion 1063 includes a sealing area peripheral rim 1070 that surrounds the sealing device 1002 during installation and that may protrude therefrom in the same direction as the optional handle members 1030, 1031. Filter element 1000 may be recessed within rim 1070.

Still referring to FIG. 11, the housing portion 1063 also includes a sealing area inner circumferential rim 1071 surrounded by a rim 1070 and spaced from the rim 1070 by a groove 1072 containing a seal engagement surface. including. Although rim 1071 is optional, rim 1071 is preferred. Rim 1071 will typically be positioned such that a portion of sealing device or member 1012 is located between rim 1071 and rim 1070 when filter element 1000 is properly installed.

A tag 1092 may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) filter element 1000. In particular, tag 1092 may be disposed on or in sidewall 1003 of filter element 1000 or on or in another component of filter element 1000. A reader 1094 may be associated with (eg, mounted on or within) the housing 1061. When the filter element 1000 is fully inserted into the housing 1061, the tag 1092 on the filter element 1000 may be in close enough proximity with the reader 1094 to exchange wireless communications. In some embodiments, reader 1094 may be in electrical communication with contact pads 1095 that include electrical contacts 1096. Contact pads 1095 may facilitate connecting reader 1094 to other equipment. In some embodiments, in addition to or instead of contact pads, reader 1094 can be in electrical communication with an electrical plug to facilitate connecting reader 1094 to other equipment.

It should be noted that the housing 1062 in FIG. 11 is schematic. The housing may also have additional features related to its installation, air inlets, air outlets, etc. Additionally, the tag 1092 can be in many different specific locations (eg, on the interior of the filter element 1000 or within or among other components of the filter element 1000 or filter system).

Another embodiment of a filter system 1060 is shown schematically in FIG. 12, including a housing 1061 having a first housing part 1062 and a second housing part 1063. The housing 1061 includes an air inlet 1069 and an air outlet 1059. Bolts 1067 secure housing portions 1062, 1063 together and provide a tightening force to sealing device 1002.

It should be noted that in the depiction of FIG. 12, inlet 1069 is in section 1062 and outlet 1059 is in section 1063. In some embodiments, both inlet 1069 and outlet 1059 may be located within a single housing section (e.g., section 1063), with the other section 1062 acting as a separable access cover and providing sealing pressure. Contoured as follows.

Referring to the above, reader 1094 may be mounted on or within housing 1061. Once the filter element is fully inserted into the housing, the tag on the filter element may be in close enough proximity with the reader 1094 to exchange wireless communications. In some embodiments, reader 1094 may be in electrical communication with contact pads 1095 that include electrical contacts 1096.

Referring now to FIG. 13, an exploded perspective view of a filter assembly 1340 including a filter head 1344 and a spin-on canister filter 1346 is shown. Filter head 1344 can operably house both a spin-on canister filter 1346 and a bowl cartridge filter (not shown). By ``operably containing'' we mean ``the filter head 1344 engages the spin-on canister filter 1346 so that the fluid to be purified is directed through the appropriate channels to purify the fluid as desired. "contains appropriate structure." Referring to FIG. 13, spin-on canister filter 1346 includes a disposable housing 1350 and a baffle plate 1352. Housing 1350 defines a filter interior that permanently holds a non-replaceable cartridge filter (filter element). In some embodiments, filter head 1344 includes an end surface 1345.

Baffle plate 1352 includes a plurality of apertures 1342 for allowing fluid flow from filter head 1344 into the interior volume of spin-on canister filter 1346.

Filter head 1344 includes a block 1358 that includes a continuous outer wall member 1360 forming an outer tube surrounding an interior volume. The filter head block 1358 may define a first port that is an inlet port in a forward flow system, a second port that is an outlet port in a forward flow system, and an inner or central tube within the interior volume and surrounded by an outer tube. .

In some embodiments, the outer surface 1372 can have a first mechanical connection structure 1374. First mechanical connection structure 1374 includes many types of arrangements. Among those possible arrangements, examples include threaded, bayonet connections, bead and groove connections, and the like. In the particular embodiment shown, first connection structure 1374 includes a first plurality of threads 1376. In this particular embodiment, a first plurality of threads 1376 are disposed on an outer surface 1372 of wall member 1360. However, in other embodiments, the first plurality of threads may be disposed along the inner surface of the wall member 1360.

Spin-on canister filter 1346 may include a second mechanical connection structure 1325 (in this case depicted as threads 1326). Threads 1326 engage threads 1374.

Short-range wireless communication tag 1322 may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) spin-on canister filter 1346. Short-range wireless communication reader 1324 may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) a component such as filter head 1344 or wall member 1360 thereof. Reader 1324 may be configured to wirelessly transmit data to and receive data from tag 1322 when reader 1324 and tag 1322 are at a distance that is less than or equal to a maximum communication range between reader 1324 and tag 1322.

The maximum communication distance between reader 1324 and tag 1322 is such that when spin-on canister filter 1346 is removed from filter head 1344, the maximum distance is exceeded and communication between reader 1324 and tag 1322 ceases. obtain. In some embodiments, the tag 1322 may be located away from the center of rotation of the spin-on canister. In such embodiments, the distance between the tag 1322 and the reader 1324 is such that not only is the spin-on canister filter 1346 separated during the canister removal process, but the distance is also periodically spaced with each revolution of the spin-on canister. It can increase and decrease, so it can increase. In such embodiments, the rotational position of the spin-on canister filter 1346 relative to the filter head 1344 affects the distance between the tag 1322 and the reader 1324 such that the communication, or lack thereof, between the tag 1322 and the reader 1324 It can be used to evaluate the rotational position of spin-on canister filter 1346 relative to filter head 1344. In some embodiments, if the spin-on canister filter 1346 is not sufficiently screwed onto the filter head 1344, the distance between the tag 1322 and the reader 1324 exceeds the maximum communication distance between the two. In some embodiments, the tag 1322 and the reader 1324 are rotated 30 degrees, 25 degrees, of a full rotation of the spin-on canister filter 1346 onto the filter head 1344 for communication to occur between the tag 1322 and the spin-on canister filter 1346. degrees, 20 degrees, 15 degrees, 10 degrees, 5 degrees, 3 degrees, 2 degrees, or 1 degree. Another aspect of a spin-on canister filter is described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0079693, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In some embodiments, one or more short-range wireless communication tags and readers are arranged to enable detection of removal and/or reinstallation of the cover from the housing of the filtration system herein. obtain. Referring now to FIG. 14, a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter system 1400 with the primary filter element 320 removed is shown according to various embodiments herein. Filter system 1400 may include a housing 302 that includes a fluid inlet 310 and a fluid outlet 312 and defines an interior volume 314 . Primary filter element 320 may be configured to be disposed within interior volume 314 of housing 302. A proximal end 330 of the interior volume 314 is configured to engage a removable cover 304 that fits adjacent the proximal end 330 to seal the proximal end of the housing from fluid flow therethrough. be done. The removable cover 304 can engage the proximal end 330 and remain attached thereto via various devices or structures, including screws, friction fit mechanisms, latches, buckles, snap-on mechanisms, and the like. obtain.

A short-range wireless communication tag 1492 may be associated with (eg, disposed on or within) the cover 304. Short-range wireless communication reader 1494 may be disposed within or on housing 302 (eg, on, within, or near proximal end 330 of housing 302). Reader 1494 may be configured to wirelessly transmit data to and receive data from tag 1492 when reader 1494 and tag 1492 are at a distance that is less than or equal to a maximum communication range between reader 1494 and tag 1492. Removal of cover 304 from the housing may cause the distance between reader 1494 and tag 1492 to exceed the maximum communication range, ceasing communication between the reader and the tag. Accordingly, communication, or lack thereof, between tag 1492 and reader 1494 can be used to assess whether cover 304 has been snapped onto or removed from housing 302. Events such as cover removal and/or reinstallation may be detected and recorded by the system.

Short-Range Wireless Communications With reference to the above, embodiments herein include short-range wireless communication components such as tags and readers that are placed on (over) the filter element and on (over) the housing in which they fit. may include the use of. The tag and reader may be arranged such that removal of the filter element therefrom separates the tag and associated reader by a distance that exceeds their operational wireless communication range. Accordingly, removal of filter elements from the housing in which they fit may be determined based on sensing a lack of communication between the wireless tag and the associated wireless reader.

Short-range wireless communication components may use different communication standards/protocols and different specific component configurations. However, in various embodiments herein, power is provided to the tag wirelessly. Wireless power transmission technology uses time-varying electrical, magnetic or electromagnetic fields. Wireless power transmission technologies fall into two main categories: non-radioactive and radioactive. In near-field or non-radiative techniques, power is transferred by magnetic fields using inductive coupling between coils of wire or by electric fields using capacitive coupling between metal electrodes. In various embodiments herein, inductive coupling is used to wirelessly transmit power to the tag.

In some embodiments, the short range wireless communication components herein are specifically near field communication (NFC) components. Near-field wireless communication employs electromagnetic induction between two loop antennas when NFC-enabled devices or components exchange information with each other. Typically, NFC devices operate within the 13.56 MHz globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band of an ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface at speeds ranging from 106 to 424 Kbit/s. .

NFC devices may operate in various modes including NFC card emulation, NFC reader/writer, and NFC peer-to-peer. In various embodiments, the NFC devices herein operate in a reader/writer mode. The NFC-enabled device reads information stored on an NFC tag embedded or placed on the filter element.

According to various embodiments herein, a tag can be a passive data storage device that can be read and, under some circumstances, written to, by a device such as a reader device. Tags typically contain data (96 to 8,192 bytes in some cases). In some embodiments the tag is read-only, but in some embodiments it may be rewritable. In some embodiments, tags according to embodiments herein may include an antenna consisting of a coil of wire and an integrated circuit (IC) that may include memory circuitry for data storage. In various embodiments, the tag may also include a capacitor. The reader typically has its own antenna that can transmit short-range wireless communication frequency fields either continuously or intermittently.

When the tag is placed within range of the reader, the antenna coil and capacitor forming the tuned circuit absorb and store energy from this field, causing it to resonate like an electrical version of a tuning fork. This energy can be rectified into direct current to power the integrated circuit. The integrated circuit may transmit the data to the antenna coil, which transmits it via a radio frequency signal to the reader unit. However, it will be appreciated that return signals from the tag to the reader, such as optical signals (including but not limited to infrared light), electromagnetic signals other than radio frequency signals, may also return in a variety of other ways. Become. In some embodiments, the reader may check whether the received information (such as an ID number) is correct and then perform various functions. In some embodiments, the reader may cause data to be written to the tag's memory. All the energy to power the tag comes from the reader unit, so the tag must be close to the reader in order to function. Therefore, communication between the tag and the reader has only a limited range.

The distance of short range wireless communication in embodiments herein may vary. In some embodiments, steps are employed to intentionally limit the range of short-range wireless communications, including but not limited to changing the size of the antenna coil, limiting the power associated with emitting the radio frequency field, etc. can be done. In some embodiments, the maximum short range wireless communication range is 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, or 2 inches (30, 25, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 6 centimeters). In some embodiments, the maximum short range wireless communication range is within a range where any of the foregoing may act as an upper or lower range constraint. In some embodiments, the maximum short range wireless communication range is less than 30, 25, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8 or 6 centimeters.

Wireless Communications Proximity Sensing With reference to the above, processes including, but not limited to, changing the size of antenna coils, limiting the power associated with emitting radio frequency or other electromagnetic fields, etc., increase the range of short-range wireless communications. May be employed to intentionally limit. In some embodiments, the proximity of the tag to the reader may be determined by adjusting the maximum distance of short-range wireless communication downward until communication is lost. For example, in some embodiments, a reader may include two or more antenna coils, with the coils of each antenna coil having a different size from each other, thus providing different maximum short-range radio communication ranges. In some embodiments, various antenna coils of the reader may be energized sequentially, and then the distance between the reader and the tag may be approximated by determining the antenna coil that fails to communicate with the tag. For example, if it is known that a first antenna coil provides wireless communication up to 10 cm and a second antenna coil provides wireless communication up to 8 cm. , and if the communication using the second antenna fails, but the communication using the coil of the first antenna is successful, the distance between the tag and the reader including the coil is 8-10 cm. It can be estimated that In other embodiments, the amplitude of the wireless signal coming from the tag can be quantified and the distance can then be determined empirically for the particular type of filter housing and filter element(s) used using standard tables. It can be estimated as follows. In some embodiments, two or more tags may be used on the same element. Tags may be placed at various locations such that distances may be approximated by seeing which tags or tags are active and which tags are not.

Communication Patterns In various embodiments herein, the system may identify filter element modification or removal events by detecting particular patterns of communication. For example, a filter element containing a short-range wireless tag is properly installed within the filter system, and the short-range wireless tag is within communication range of a compatible short-range wireless reader disposed on or within the filter system housing. If so, communication may occur between the two parts and the existence of successful communication may be recorded by the reader (in some cases with a timestamp). When the filter element is removed from the enclosure for replacement and/or service, the distance between the tag and the corresponding reader may exceed the maximum communication range, causing the tag to lose power and causing the tag and the corresponding reader to communication between them may be terminated. Once the filter element is reinstalled within the filter housing, the distance between the tag and the corresponding reader is sufficient to allow the tag to be powered back on and communication between the tag and the corresponding reader to resume. may be less than the maximum communication distance that may be sufficient.

Therefore, the pattern of communication in this filter removal and replacement sequence is a first stage of active communication, followed by a stage of no communication, followed by a second stage of active communication (e.g., an "on-off-on" pattern). ) can be characterized by The processing unit (as part of the system controller, reader, associated components, external server, etc.) may monitor the communication to identify this pattern ("on-off-on") and, once detected, identify the Increment a counter corresponding to the filter removal/change event as well as recording the date and time stamp associated with the pattern that was removed. The counter may reside in the memory of the reader, tag, system controller, or another component that is part of the filtration system or separate and/or remote therefrom.

In some embodiments, the processing unit determines whether the period of no communication is less than a threshold to ensure that noise or spurious short-term interruptions in communication are not interpreted as periods of no communication associated with actual filter removal. It may require a long time. For example, in some embodiments, the no-communication phase must exceed 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, or 10 seconds in length.

It will be appreciated that according to various embodiments herein, patterns other than the "on-off-on" pattern described above may also be identified.

In some embodiments, patterns may be detected including, but not limited to, "on off," "off on," and simply "off."

In some embodiments, after the system controller identifies an "off-on" pattern in the electrical signal received from the short-range wireless communication reader, the information is written to a storage circuit that is part of the short-range wireless communication tag. obtain. Here, the off phase of the pattern corresponds to a period of no communication between the short range wireless communication tag and the short range wireless communication reader, and the on phase of the pattern corresponds to a period of no communication between the short range wireless communication tag and the short range wireless communication reader. corresponds to the period of communication.

In some embodiments, a cover opening or removal event may be detected and recorded in memory, and/or data regarding the same may be transmitted over a data network and stored remotely. In some embodiments, a latch actuation event may be detected and recorded in memory, and/or data regarding the same may be transmitted over a data network and stored remotely.

In some embodiments, data regarding detected events such as filter removal and/or modification events or detection of any of the patterns described herein is stored in the memory of a tag associated with the filter element. can be written within. In this manner, a filter element can be analyzed after removal from the system to determine how many events (such as removal and/or installation events) it has experienced. In some embodiments, processing steps such as analyzing the pattern data and then determining the occurrence of an event based thereon are part of or separate from the reader, system controller, or filtration system. and/or may occur at the level of another component at a distance, the output therefrom, such as counting the number of filter element removal and/or reinstallation events, may be written into the memory of the tag.

In some embodiments, one or more components of the system may be interrogated to collect information stored by them. For example, as mentioned above, in some embodiments data such as the aspects described above may be stored in memory of a tag, reader, controller, etc. A tag, reader or controller can be interrogated to retrieve data from it. In some embodiments, a tag with data stored thereon may be interrogated (and energized) by a dedicated reading device to retrieve data therefrom. In some embodiments, the system may be queried locally or remotely to retrieve information therefrom. However, in some embodiments, the system may be configured to push data, such as the aspects described above, through the data network without first receiving a query. Such data may be pushed out substantially continuously or periodically.

Aspects have been expressed with reference to various specific and preferred embodiments and techniques. However, it should be understood that many variations and modifications can be made while remaining within the spirit and scope of this specification. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form set forth in the detailed description below. Rather, the embodiments were chosen and described to enable those skilled in the art to appreciate and understand the principles and implementation of the invention.

It is noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular and indefinite articles include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composition containing "compounds" includes mixtures of two or more compounds. It should also be noted that the term "or" is generally used to include "and/or" unless the content clearly specifies otherwise.

As used herein and in the appended claims, the phrase "configured" refers to a system, device, or other structure constructed or configured to perform a particular task or adopt a particular configuration. You should also be careful about what you write. The phrase "configured" may be used interchangeably with other similar phrases such as arranged and configured, constructed and arranged, constructed, manufactured and arranged.

All publications and patent applications in the specification are indicative of the level of those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. All publications and patent applications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated by reference.

Claims (10)

a housing including a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and defining an internal volume;
a first filter element configured to be removably mounted within the housing;
a short-range wireless communication tag disposed on or within the first filter element;
a short-range wireless communication reader disposed on or in the housing, the short-range wireless communication reader and the short-range wireless communication tag transmitting data when the short-range wireless communication reader and the short-range wireless communication tag are located at a distance that is less than or equal to a maximum communication distance; a short-range wireless communication reader configured to wirelessly transmit to and receive data from the short-range wireless communication tag;
Removal of the first filter element from the housing reduces the short range wireless communication by an amount that causes the distance between the short range wireless communication tag and the short range wireless communication reader to exceed the maximum communication range. causing movement of the short range wireless communication tag away from a communication reader;
further comprising a system controller configured to receive electrical signals from the short range wireless communication reader;
The system controller is configured to identify and record an on-off pattern in the electrical signal received from the short-range wireless communication reader, and the off-phase of the on-off pattern is connected to the short-range wireless communication tag. and the short-range wireless communication reader, and the on phase of the on-off pattern corresponds to a period of communication between the short-range wireless communication tag and the short-range wireless communication reader. , filtration system. The filtration system of claim 1, wherein the internal volume is configured to receive a first filter element including a cylindrical profile. the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are positioned adjacent a first end of the housing, the housing defines a removable cover connected to a second end of the housing, and the fluid outlet defines a removable cover connected to a second end of the housing; is opposite the first end of the housing, and removal of the removable cover provides access to an opening on the housing that is large enough for the first filter element to pass through. Claims 1 and 2 enabling, the filtration system further comprising a short range wireless communication tag disposed on or within the removable cover to detect a cover removal event. The filtration system according to any one of the above. the short-range wireless communication tag is a near-field communication (NFC) tag;
and/or The filtration system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the short range wireless communication reader is a near field communication (NFC) reader. The filtration system is configured to increment and store a count of detected cover removal or reinstallation events, and the count of detected filter element removal or reinstallation events is configured to increment and store a count of detected cover removal or reinstallation events on the first filter element. 5. A filtration system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, configured to be stored in a storage circuit that is or is part of the short-range wireless communication tag disposed therein . The fluid inlet is located adjacent the first end of the housing, the fluid outlet is located adjacent the second end of the housing, and the first end is located adjacent the first end of the housing. 3. A filtration system according to any one of claims 1 and 2, located opposite the second end . A filtration system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the maximum communication distance is 20 centimeters or less. A filtration system according to any preceding claim, wherein the off-phase has a duration of more than 0.5 seconds. 9. The filtration system of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the filtration system further includes a latch actuation sensor configured to increment and store a count of latch actuation events. 10. A filtration system according to any preceding claim, wherein the housing includes side walls and end walls, the length of the side walls exceeding the maximum communication distance.