JP7438490B2 - machining system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention uses machining water, mainly water, instead of machining fluids such as water-insoluble cutting fluids and water-soluble cutting fluids containing chemicals such as oil agents such as mineral oil, and cuts the workpiece by interposing the machining water. The present invention relates to a machining system that performs machining, and particularly relates to a machining system that has a function that allows machining to be performed while performing electrical rust prevention.

In machining such as cutting, a workpiece such as metal is cut and processed using a tool such as a drill. During machining, chips are generated from the workpiece, and heat is also generated between the rotating tool and the workpiece. Machining fluids are used because it is necessary to remove chips and cool tools and workpieces that become hot.

However, in addition to cleaning properties to wash away chips, machining fluids include machining oils based on oils such as mineral oil and preventive oils for purposes such as reducing friction between tools and workpieces and improving cooling effects. Chemicals such as anti-corrosion agents are used, and consideration must be given to the environment, including factory odors and dirt, worker health, and waste liquid treatment. Furthermore, the chips discharged during machining are disposed of, but since the machining fluid is attached to the chips, it is necessary to remove the machining fluid from the chips and dispose of the waste fluid, which is time-consuming.

Therefore, as a machining system that takes the environment into consideration, a technique previously proposed by the present inventors and described in, for example, Patent Document 1 is known.

Roughly speaking, the machining system of Patent Document 1 mainly uses water instead of machining fluids such as water-insoluble cutting fluids based on oils such as mineral oil, and water-soluble cutting fluids containing chemicals such as oils. Use processed water. A machining system includes a processing device that holds a workpiece that can be energized by a holder, processes it using a tool held on a spindle, and inserts machining water between the workpiece and the tool when machining the workpiece. An anode section that conducts electricity to the processing water, and a cathode section that is a conductive member including the workpiece and holder that comes into contact with the processing water at the same time as the anode section when processing the workpiece, and a current is passed from the anode section to the cathode section through the processing water. It is equipped with a circuit section that flows.

By the way, when machining water is used for machining, the rust prevention performance is generally lower than when machining fluids that contain chemicals such as mineral oil or rust preventive agents are used. There is concern that this may occur. In addition, when machining water is used for machining, there has been concern that machining performance may deteriorate due to lower lubricity compared to when machining fluid containing chemicals such as mineral oil or other oils is used.

Patent No. 5598841

In view of the above points, an object of the present invention is to provide a machining system that can improve the rust prevention performance and machining performance of a workpiece while using machining water.

[1] A processing device that holds a workpiece that can be energized by a holder, processes it with a tool held on a spindle, and interposes processing water between the workpiece and the tool when processing the workpiece, and The apparatus includes an anode section that energizes the processing water, and a conductive member including the workpiece and the holder that comes into contact with the processing water at the same time when processing the workpiece as a cathode section, and the anode section. In a machining system comprising a circuit section for passing a current through machining water to the cathode section,
The machining device includes a machining water tank that stores the machining water, a machining water jetting nozzle section that is disposed in the machining water tank and spouting the machining water to wash away chips discharged from the workpiece during machining, and The present invention is characterized in that it includes an ultrasonic horn that is placed close to the workpiece and vibrates the machining water around the machining part using ultrasonic waves.

According to this configuration, since processing water is used, environmental friendliness is improved compared to the case where processing fluids (cutting fluids, water-soluble cutting fluids, etc.) containing chemicals such as mineral oil are used. can be done. Furthermore, the machining device includes a machining water tank that stores machining water, a machining water jetting nozzle section that is placed in the machining water tank and that spouts machining water to wash away chips that are discharged from the workpiece during machining, and a machining water jet nozzle that is placed in the machining water tank and that blows away chips that are discharged from the workpiece during machining. and an ultrasonic horn that vibrates the machining water around the machining part using ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic vibration from the ultrasonic horn removes chips from the workpiece and vibrates the area around the workpiece, and the machining water jetted from the machining water jet nozzle sweeps away the chips from the workpiece, removing chips from the workpiece and improving machining. Machining performance can be improved by vibrating the area around the part. Furthermore, electric rust prevention is performed by passing a current from the anode to the cathode through machining water, and by working in combination, it is possible to improve the machinability of the machined surface and improve rust prevention performance. can. In this way, by using machining water, the rust prevention performance and machining performance of the workpiece can be improved.

[ 1 ] Preferably, the distance from the tip of the ultrasonic horn to the processed portion is smaller than the distance from the main shaft to the processed portion.

According to this configuration, since the ultrasonic horn can be brought close to the processed portion, the ultrasonic waves can be efficiently applied to the periphery of the processed portion.

[ 2 ] Preferably, the machining water spouting nozzle section includes a machining point nozzle that is disposed beside the tool and spouts the machining water toward the machining portion.

According to this configuration, the machining water spouting nozzle section includes the machining point nozzle beside the tool, so that machining water can be spouted toward the machining part, blowing off chips, and removing the chips efficiently.

[ 3 ] Preferably, the machining water spouting nozzle part is a chip sink disposed beside the edge of the machining water tank and spouting the machining water so as to generate a flow of the machining water from the inside to the outside of the machining water tank. Equipped with a nozzle for

According to this configuration, the machining water spouting nozzle section is provided with a chip flushing nozzle beside the edge of the machining water tank, so that it generates a flow of machining water from the inside of the machining water tank to the outside, and flows from the vicinity of the workpiece. Chips can be swept away.

[ 4 ] Preferably, the anode section includes an inner electrode arranged along the workpiece.

According to this configuration, the inner electrode is arranged along the workpiece, so that electricity can be efficiently passed and the rust prevention performance of electrical rust prevention can be improved.

[ 5 ] Preferably, the anode section includes a pool electrode arranged at the edge of the processing water tank.

According to this configuration, electricity can easily flow throughout the processing water tank, and the rust prevention performance of the processing equipment as a whole as well as the workpiece can be improved.

[ 6 ] Preferably, an outer water tank is provided outside the processing tank so as to receive the processing water overflowing from the edge of the processing tank.

According to this configuration, the amount of water in the processing water tank can be kept constant, processing water can be collected in the external water tank, and the entire apparatus can have a simple structure.

By using processing water, the rust prevention performance and processing performance of the workpiece can be improved.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a machining system according to the present invention. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a machining system according to another embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a machining system according to still another embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the machining system of FIG. 2; FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a processing water tank according to the present invention. It is a top view of the workpiece of a comparative example. It is a front view of the workpiece of a comparative example. It is a top view of the workpiece of an Example. It is a front view of the workpiece of an Example. 4 is a photographic perspective view of the machining system 10 of this experiment shown in FIG. 3. FIG. It is a top view of the workpiece of a comparative example. It is a front view of the workpiece of a comparative example. It is a left side view of the workpiece of a comparative example. FIG. 3 is a rear view of a workpiece of a comparative example. It is a right view of the workpiece of a comparative example. It is a bottom view of the workpiece of a comparative example. It is a top view of the workpiece of an Example. It is a front view of the workpiece of an Example. It is a left side view of the workpiece of an Example. It is a rear view of the workpiece of an Example. It is a right view of the workpiece of an example. It is a bottom view of the workpiece of an Example. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a workpiece after hole machining in an example.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings. Note that the drawings conceptually (schematically) show the schematic configuration of the machining system.

As shown in FIG. 1, the machining system 10 holds a workpiece M that can be energized by a holder 31, processes it with a tool 22 held on a spindle 21, and when machining the workpiece M, the workpiece M and the tool A processing device 20 is provided in which processing water W is interposed between 22 and 22.

The machining system 10 includes a machining device 20, an anode part 40 that energizes machining water W, and a conductive material including a workpiece M and a holder 31 that come into contact with the machining water W at the same time as the anode part 40 when machining the workpiece M. A circuit section 11 is provided which uses a cathode section 30 as a member and allows current to flow from an anode section 40 to the cathode section 30 through processing water W. Note that electrical wiring and the like constituting the circuit section 11 are not shown.

The processing device 20 is, for example, a so-called NC processing machine, and includes a base 23 made of stainless steel, and a holder 31 that is provided on the base 23 and is a conductive chuck that holds a conductive metal workpiece M. , and a main body portion 24 that movably and rotatably holds a main shaft 21, and is cut by a tool 22 such as a drill, an end mill, a milling cutter, or the like. The upper surface of the holder 31 is formed into a planar shape, and holds the workpiece M by magnetic attachment, a clamp, a bolt, or the like.

The machining device 20 includes a machining water tank 50 that stores machining water W, a machining water jetting nozzle section 60 disposed in the machining water tank 50 that spouts machining water W to wash away chips discharged from the workpiece M during machining, and a machining water tank 50 that stores machining water W. An ultrasonic horn 70 that is placed near the workpiece M and vibrates the machining water W around the machining part with ultrasonic waves; ), and a control unit (not shown) that controls the ultrasonic waves of the ultrasonic horn 70, the voltage and current of the anode section 40 and the cathode section 30, the amount of processing water W from the processing water jetting nozzle section 60, etc. We are prepared.

Further, the distance from the tip of the ultrasonic horn 70 to the processing portion is set to be smaller than the distance from the main shaft 21 to the processing portion. With such a configuration, the ultrasonic horn 70 can be brought close to the processed portion, so that ultrasonic waves can be efficiently applied to the periphery of the processed portion.

The machining water spouting nozzle part 60 includes a machining point nozzle 61 that is disposed beside (near) the tool 22 and spouts machining water W toward the machining part, and a machining point nozzle 61 that is disposed beside (near) the edge of the machining water tank 50 and a machining water tank. It is provided with a chip flushing nozzle 62 that spouts machining water W so as to generate a flow of machining water W from the inside to the outside of 50.

As described above, since the machining water jetting nozzle section 60 includes the machining point nozzle 61 beside the tool 22, the machining water W can be spouted toward the machining part, blowing off the chips, and removing the chips efficiently. . Further, since the machining water spouting nozzle section 60 is equipped with a chip flushing nozzle 62 beside the edge of the machining water tank 50, it generates a flow of the machining water W from the inside to the outside of the machining water tank 50 to prevent the workpiece M. Chips can be swept away from nearby areas.

Further, an outer water tank 51 is provided outside the processing water tank 50 so as to receive processing water W overflowing from the edge of the processing water tank 50. With this configuration, the amount of water in the machining water tank 50 can be kept constant, and the machining water W can be collected in the outer water tank 51, making it possible to simplify the overall configuration of the apparatus.

A first drain port 52 is formed in the processing water tank 50 . A second drain port 53 is formed in the outer water tank 51 . The processed water tank 50 has a substantially rectangular side wall 55 rising from a bottom 54, and is box-shaped with an open top.

Further, the anode section 40 includes an inner electrode 41 arranged along the workpiece M and a pool electrode 42 arranged at the edge of the processing water tank 50. Specifically, the processing water tank 50 is provided with a support member 43, and the support member 43 is provided with the inner electrode 41. The height of the inner electrode 41 from the bottom of the processing water tank 50 is approximately the same as the height of the processing portion. The pool electrode 42 is provided inside the edge of a side wall 55 rising from the bottom 54 of the processing water tank 50.

In this way, since the inner electrode 41 is arranged along the workpiece M, it is possible to efficiently flow electricity and improve the rust prevention performance of electrical rust prevention. Furthermore, since the pool electrode 42 is arranged at the edge of the processing water tank 50, electricity can easily flow throughout the processing water tank 50, and it is expected that the rust prevention performance of the workpiece M will be further improved.

Further, the machining system 10 may be used together with a water circulation regeneration system that filters and circulates the machining water W that is discharged. In the general prior art, chips are normally discharged by a flow of machining fluid. The machining fluid is filtered using a paper filter or a magnetic separator to remove chips and reused. On the other hand, when using processing water W whose main component is water as in the present invention, it is cheap and harmless, so it is one thing to use it directly, but if it is recycled to save resources, corrosion of chips ( Since the processing water W becomes contaminated with rust (iron ionization and fine particles), ions and fine particles are usually difficult to remove using conventional filtration systems. In this regard, it is possible to recycle the processed water W by using a water circulation regeneration system developed by the inventor (the water circulation regeneration system utilizes the technology described in Japanese Patent No. 5598841).

Next, the operation of the machining system 10 described above will be explained.
In the machining system 10, a workpiece M is held in a holder 31 of a processing device 20. The main shaft 21 is driven, and the workpiece M is drilled, for example, by the tool 22. During machining, machining water is ejected from the machining point nozzle 61 (machining water jet nozzle part 60) toward the machining part as shown by the arrow (1), and from the chip flow nozzle 62 (machining water jet nozzle part 60) as shown by the arrow (1). Spout processing water as shown in (2).

The machining water flows as shown by arrow (3) and washes away the chips, some of it is discharged from the first drain 52 as shown by arrow (4), and the rest flows around the edge of the machining water tank 50 as shown by arrow (5). It flows over the water into the outside water tank 51 and is discharged from the second drain port 53 as shown by arrow (6). Note that the discharged processing water may be recycled and used by a water circulation regeneration system.

As the machining water W is jetted and swept away, ultrasonic waves are generated from the ultrasonic horn 70 toward the machining part.

The following effects can be obtained by electrical antirust processing using such processing water W.

Since the machining water W is used, environmental friendliness can be improved compared to the case where a machining fluid containing a chemical such as an oil such as mineral oil is used. Furthermore, the machining system 10 includes a machining water tank 50 that stores machining water W, and a machining water jetting nozzle section 60 that is disposed in the machining water tank 50 and spouts machining water W to wash away chips discharged from the workpiece M during machining. , an ultrasonic horn 70 disposed in the processing water tank 50 and brought close to the workpiece M to vibrate the processing water W around the processing part by ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic vibration by the ultrasonic horn 70 peels off chips from the workpiece M and vibrates the area around the workpiece M, and the machining water W jetted from the machining water jet nozzle part 60 sweeps away the chips from the workpiece M, so the chips are removed from the workpiece M. It is possible to improve the machining performance by removing the vibration and vibrating the area around the machining part.

Furthermore, electric rust prevention is performed by passing a current from the anode part 40 to the cathode part 30 through machining water W, and by making these functions work in combination, the machinability of the machined surface is improved and the rust prevention performance is improved. can be done. In this way, by using the machining water W, the rust prevention performance and machining performance of the workpiece M can be improved.

Next, a machining system 10 according to another embodiment will be described. Note that components common to those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by reference numerals and detailed explanations are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the machining system 10, the anode section 40 is equipped with an inner electrode 41, and the machining water jetting nozzle section 60 is equipped with a chip flushing nozzle 62.

Next, the effect will be explained.
In the machining system 10, a workpiece M is held in a holder 31 of a processing device 20. The main shaft 21 is driven, and the workpiece M is drilled, for example, by the tool 22. During machining, machining water is spouted from the chip flushing nozzle 62 (machining water spouting nozzle section 60) as shown by arrow (7). The machining water flows as shown by the arrow (8), washes away the chips, crosses the edge of the machining water tank 50 as shown by the arrow (9), and flows into the outer water tank 51. Processing water W accumulated in the outer water tank 51 as shown by the arrow (10) is discharged to the outside as shown by the arrow (11) by a drainage pump (not shown). Note that the discharged processing water may be recycled and used using a water circulation regeneration system or the like.

As the machining water W is jetted and swept away, ultrasonic waves are generated from the ultrasonic horn 70 toward the machining part.

Next, a machining system 10 according to yet another aspect will be described. Note that components common to those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by reference numerals and detailed explanations are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the machining system 10, the anode section 40 is equipped with an inner electrode 41, and the machining water jetting nozzle section 60 is equipped with a machining point nozzle 61.

Next, the effect will be explained.
In the machining system 10, a workpiece M is held in a holder 31 of a processing device 20. The main shaft 21 is driven, and the workpiece M is drilled, for example, by the tool 22. During machining, machining water is ejected from the machining point nozzle 61 (machining water spouting nozzle section 60) as shown by the arrow (12). The machining water flows as shown by the arrow (13), washes away the chips, crosses the edge of the machining water tank 50 as shown by the arrow (14), and flows into the outside water tank 51. Processing water W accumulated in the outer water tank 51 as shown by the arrow (15) is discharged to the outside as shown by the arrow (16) by a drainage pump (not shown). Note that the discharged processing water may be recycled and used using a water circulation regeneration system or the like.

As the machining water W is jetted and swept away, ultrasonic waves are generated from the ultrasonic horn 70 toward the machining part.

Next, the machining system 10 conceptually shown in FIG. 2 will be explained using an example of the configuration of an actual machine. Note that components common to those shown in FIG. 2 are designated by reference numerals and detailed explanations are omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the machining system 10 includes a machining device 20, a cathode section 30, an anode section 40, a machining water tank 50, a machining water jetting nozzle section 60, an ultrasonic horn 70, It includes a power source (not shown) and a control section (not shown).

In the processing device 20, a processing water tank 50 is provided on the base 23, and a drill serving as a tool 22 is provided on the main shaft 21 of the main body portion 24. The main body portion 24 is provided with a support frame 12, and the support frame 12 is provided with an ultrasonic horn 70. With this configuration, the ultrasonic horn 70 can be moved together with the main shaft 21, and the ultrasonic horn 70 can always be placed near the processed part to apply ultrasonic waves to the processed part.

The processing water tank 50 is provided on the base 23, and the workpiece M is set in the processing water tank 50 via a holder 31. An inner electrode 41 provided on a support member 43 is arranged so as to surround the workpiece M. The inner electrode 41 is connected to a power source (not shown) by a wiring 44. Note that the holder 31 and the workpiece M become the cathode part 30, the inner electrode 41 becomes the anode part 40, and the circuit part 11 (see FIG. 2) is formed through the processing water W (see FIG. 2) in the processing water tank 50. Ru.

An outer water tank 51 is provided outside the processing water tank 50, forming a double tank. A drainage pump 56 is arranged in the outside water tank 51. This drain pump 56 allows the processing water W flowing into the outside water tank 51 to be discharged. Furthermore, a chip flushing nozzle 62 serving as a machining water spouting section 60 that spouts machining water W is arranged near the edge of the machining water tank 50 .

Note that the machining system 10 may also include a water circulation regeneration system that filters and circulates the machining water W that is discharged. Furthermore, in the experiment of the present invention, a plurality of holes M2 are cut in the surface M1 of the workpiece M using the tool 22 during machining.

Next, an experiment based on an example of the present invention will be explained.

The machining system 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 was used for the experiment, and a hole machining experiment was performed in which a hole was cut in the workpiece M using a tool (drill) 22, and the workpiece M was left in machining water W for 3 hours. A rust prevention experiment was conducted to observe the surface condition under these conditions.

In the hole drilling experiment, the amount of water in the water tank was approximately Q = 12.5 L/min, the workpiece M was SS400 steel, the water depth of the processing water tank 50 (from the water surface to the top surface of the workpiece M) was 40 mm, and the electrical rust prevention was The constant DC current l was set to 150 mA. Note that the distance from the bottom of the processing water tank 50 to the water surface is 110 mm, the height of the holder 31 is 40 mm, and the height of the workpiece M is 30 mm. The main shaft 21 and the ultrasonic horn 70 operate in conjunction with each other, and during the rust prevention experiment, the tool (drill) 22 was removed and only machining water W was flowed in, and the workpiece M was kept in the water for 3 hours. The conditions were the same as those for the hole drilling experiment. The ultrasonic horn 70 uses an ultrasonic transducer "SONAC-200" (28kHz, 200W) manufactured by Honda Electronics, the power supply uses "GS610" manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation, and the processing device 20 uses Hamai "MAC New-55P-3A" manufactured by Sangyo Co., Ltd. was used.

Next, the results of a rust prevention experiment using the machining system 10 shown in FIG. 2 will be shown.

6 and 7 are comparative examples, and show the experimental results of a workpiece M subjected to a rust prevention experiment under the conditions of no electrical rust prevention and with ultrasonic waves. 6 is a plan view of the workpiece M, and FIG. 7 is a front view of the workpiece M. Without electric rust prevention and with ultrasonic waves, a plurality of spots of rust were generated in some places on the workpiece M in the processing water.

FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are examples, and show the experimental results of a workpiece M subjected to a rust prevention experiment under the conditions of electric rust prevention and ultrasonic wave. 8 is a plan view of the workpiece M, and FIG. 9 is a front view of the workpiece M. No rust occurred on the workpiece M with electric rust prevention and with ultrasonic waves.

Next, the experimental equipment is shown in photos. FIG. 10 is a photographic perspective view of the machining system 10 of this experiment shown in FIG. The machining water jetting nozzle section 60 was a machining point nozzle 61 (see FIG. 3).

Next, the results of a rust prevention experiment using the machining system 10 shown in FIG. 3 will be shown.

11 to 16 are comparative examples, and show the experimental results of a workpiece M subjected to a rust prevention experiment under the conditions of no electrical rust prevention and with ultrasonic waves. 11 is a plan view of the workpiece M, FIG. 12 is a front view of the workpiece M, FIG. 13 is a left side view of the workpiece M, FIG. 14 is a back view of the workpiece M, and FIG. 15 is a right side view of the workpiece M, and FIG. 16 is a bottom view of the workpiece M. Without electric rust prevention and with ultrasonic waves, a plurality of spots of rust were generated in some places on the workpiece M in the processing water.

FIGS. 17 to 22 are examples, and show the experimental results of a workpiece M subjected to a rust prevention experiment under the conditions of electrical rust prevention and ultrasonic wave. 17 is a plan view of the workpiece M, FIG. 18 is a front view of the workpiece M, FIG. 19 is a left side view of the workpiece M, FIG. 20 is a rear view of the workpiece M, and FIG. 21 is a right side view of the workpiece M, and FIG. 22 is a bottom view of the workpiece M. With electric rust prevention and ultrasonic waves, no rust occurred on the workpiece M in the processing water. In addition, in the machining system 10 shown in FIG. 3, since the water flow hits the workpiece M, the conditions are considered to be more severe than in the machining system 10 shown in FIG. 2, but the rust prevention was successful.

Next, the results of a hole machining experiment using the machining system 10 shown in FIG. 2 will be shown.

FIG. 23 shows the experimental results of a workpiece M subjected to hole machining experiments with electric rust prevention and ultrasonic waves. Tool 22 (see FIG. 2) was used as a drill to perform hole processing, and 200 holes were cut. As the drill for the tool 22, a cobalt high-speed steel drill made of non-coated HSS-CO (high-speed steel) and manufactured by Fujikoshi Co., Ltd. "NACHI (registered trademark)" COLSD 3.0×100 was used. Each dimension was shank diameter 3 mm, total length 100 mm, shank grip 30 mm, groove length (cutting edge length) 50 mm, blade diameter 3 mm, and hole depth 15.621 mm. In addition, in the hole machining experiment, the rotation speed of the tool 22 was 1250 rpm, the feed rate was 60 mm/min, the step was 1.0 mm, and the electric rust prevention was set to a DC constant current of 48 mA. The voltage was 4.67V.

With electric rust prevention and ultrasonic waves, no rust occurred on the workpiece M immediately after processing. Successfully drilled 200 holes. The chips are relatively long.

Next, as a comparative example, the results of a hole machining experiment using a conventional machining system will be explained for comparison. The tool 22 used was the same as the drill described above, the rotation speed of the tool 22 was 1250 rpm, the feed rate was 60 mm/min, the step was 1.0 mm, the hole depth was 15.621 mm, and the workpiece M was made of SS400 steel. The conditions were the same.

(1) Comparative example, machining using a general machining fluid (water-soluble cutting fluid) containing oil such as mineral oil. The machining conditions were: no ultrasonic waves, machining fluid spouted from the machining point nozzle 61 to the machining part; The flow rate of the liquid was 8.25 L/min, and no electrical rust protection was used. As the processing fluid, TRUSCO (registered trademark) Metal Cut Emulsion High Pressure Compatible Oil Type MC-16E manufactured by Trusco Nakayama Co., Ltd. (manufactured by Taille Co., Ltd.), which is equivalent to JIS A1 class, was used at a concentration of 20 times diluted. More than 200 holes were drilled. The chips are long. However, since it is a general processing fluid and contains oils such as mineral oil and various chemicals, consideration must be given to the environment.

(2) Comparative example, dry processing (in-air processing)
The machining conditions were: no ultrasonic waves, no supply of machining fluid or machining water, and no electrical rust prevention. Up to 46 holes were machined, and the tool 22 broke when the 47th hole was machined. Chips are short. In this way, dry machining reduces machining performance.

(3) Comparative example, machining only in machining water (using chip flushing nozzle)
The machining conditions are: no ultrasonic waves, no machining water jetted from the machining point nozzle 61 to the machining part, machining water jetted from the chip flushing nozzle 62, machining water flow rate 12.5 L/min, and electric rust prevention using direct current. The constant current was set to 150 mA. The voltage was 14V. Up to 134 holes were machined, and the tool 22 broke when the 135th hole was machined. The chips are long. As described above, machining performance is degraded if the material is machined only in machining water without ultrasonic waves.

(4) Comparative example, machining only in machining water (using machining point nozzle)
The machining conditions are: no ultrasonic waves, machining water spouted from the machining point nozzle 61 to the machining part, no machining water spouted from the chip flushing nozzle 62, machining water flow rate 12.5 L/min, and electrical rust prevention using direct current. The constant current was set to 150 mA. The voltage was 14V. During machining, rust did not occur in the machining water, but up to 100 holes could be machined, and the tool 22 broke when machining the 101st hole. The chips are long. As described above, machining performance is degraded if the material is machined only in machining water without ultrasonic waves.

From the above, it can be seen that drilling holes using machining water, electrical rust prevention, and ultrasonic waves, as in the machining system 10 shown in the embodiment of the present invention, is environmentally friendly and It is possible to improve the rust prevention performance and processing performance of objects.

Next, what has been stated above will be summarized and explained.
Conventionally, techniques for reducing the use of machining fluid in cutting drill machining include dry machining that does not use machining fluid, and MQL machining that uses a small amount of oil, but due to problems such as short tool life and cooling problems, In many cases, they were inferior to conventional machining fluids (cutting fluids, water-soluble cutting fluids, etc.) in terms of accuracy and machining efficiency. The following points were raised as concerns:

1. When water is used as a machining fluid, it is safe and environmentally friendly, is inexpensive, saves resources, and provides great cooling performance. I had no choice but to use the processing fluid that contained it. As a social trend, production plants are now using diluted machining fluids in an attempt to reduce the amount of machining fluid used, but there are concerns that this will reduce rust prevention and machining performance. Therefore, there was a concern in cutting drill processing whether it would be possible to prevent rust using only water, which is even more corrosive. 2. As an attempt to use water as a machining fluid, diluted machining fluid (corrosion preventive agent) and alkaline water are used to prevent deterioration of fluid components due to decomposition, etc., and to prevent liquid quality such as pH from being controlled during constant machining operation. Rust cannot be achieved and waste liquid treatment is also required. 3. With water, there is a concern that machining efficiency and tool life will be reduced compared to conventional machining fluids, as water does not contain oil, emulsifiers, extreme pressure additives, etc.

Therefore, the present invention includes the following configuration.
1. Equipped with an electric rust prevention processing system for cutting drill processing.
The cutting machine is equipped with a nozzle and a water tank as necessary, and a rust prevention anode part (inner electrode, pool electrode) is installed there, and the workpiece is used as a cathode part and connected to an external power supply to protect the workpiece. Provides voltage and current for rusting. At that time, simple current supply methods include constant voltage control (supplying current at a constant voltage), constant current control (supplying current at a constant voltage), and constant current control (supplying current at a constant voltage) to prevent electrode short circuits, prevent rust, and suppress current fluctuations due to water splashing and changes in water surface. The power supply automatically adjusts the voltage to keep the current constant. This makes it possible to perform anti-rust treatment on the workpiece using only water. In addition, if it is desired to prevent the tool from rusting, it is also possible to prevent the tool from rusting by supplying power in the same way using the tool as a cathode.

2. Equipped with an ultrasonic vibration system for cutting drill processing.
Ultrasonic horns, vibrators, vibration plates, etc. are installed in processing equipment (cutting machines) to transmit ultrasonic waves, suppressing corrosion (rust) and transmitting ultrasonic waves in the presence of processing water (water). Improving machining performance and efficiency through combination. For example, while implementing electrical rust prevention processing, water is filled between the workpiece and an ultrasonic horn so that it does not interfere with those tools, and ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted underwater to improve cutting performance and drill holes. To improve the evacuation of chips from the In addition, a water tank (single or double tank, etc.) is installed on the processing equipment, and an ultrasonic horn is placed. The ultrasonic horn should be installed pointing in an appropriate direction underwater.

By doing so, the embodiment of the present invention can rust-proof (prevent corrosion) the workpiece etc. by using water as the machining fluid, and can improve the machining performance and efficiency by using ultrasonic waves together. Furthermore, by combining the electric rust prevention processing method (water processing) with the use of ultrasonic waves, it is possible to prevent rust during processing, and further improve processing performance and efficiency. This makes it possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect the environment, protect resources, and meet safety and environmental concerns. Furthermore, it can be processed at low cost using abundant water, and in clean production, even water-only processing can gain a competitive edge in terms of efficiency.

Note that the ultrasonic horn may be installed toward the upper surface of the workpiece (for evacuation of chips and concentration of the ultrasonic beam on the workpiece surface). The ultrasonic beam line of the ultrasonic horn may be directed to a processing point (processing portion) where a drill (tool) enters the workpiece, and the ultrasonic horn may move up and down following the drill. At this time, the ultrasonic beam will shift from the processing point in accordance with the tip of the drill to be followed, but this may be implemented simply, or the ultrasonic horn may stop tracking at the processing point (a lower end stopper may be provided to prevent the ultrasonic beam from following the processing point). mechanically controlled). The distance from the tip of the ultrasonic horn to the machining point is smaller than the distance from the main shaft of the drill to the machining point, thereby increasing the chip evacuation effect. Furthermore, while implementing electric rust prevention processing, ultrasonic vibrations may be directly applied to the workpiece from an ultrasonic water tank or a vibrator so as not to interfere with those instruments. Furthermore, while implementing electric rust prevention processing, ultrasonic vibrations are applied to the tool (such as built into the drill shaft) so as not to interfere with those tools, and the ultrasonic vibration is applied to the workpiece in contact or non-contact. Alternatively, the voltage may be applied. Furthermore, while implementing electric rust prevention processing, ultrasonic vibrations are applied to the nozzle so as not to interfere with those instruments (by mounting a vibrator inside the nozzle or applying ultrasonic waves to the liquid in advance (Mega)). (using a sonic coolant in combination), ultrasonic waves may be applied to the workpiece with or without contact.

Further, in the embodiment, the base is made of stainless steel, but it may be insulated by changing the material to a resin material or by coating with a resin. As for the housing of the processing equipment, if necessary, it may be changed to a non-rust material (stainless steel, resin, ceramic, etc.), or it may be coated with resin as shown in the example, and the machine housing may be coated with electrical rust prevention. It can also be used as a composite anti-corrosion agent. Further, in the embodiment, the processing device is an NC processing machine, but other general cutting machine tools such as a drilling machine and a milling machine, which are not so-called NC processing machines, may be used.

In addition, as for how to store the workpiece, if the workpiece is not subjected to electrical rust prevention after processing, rust will occur if the workpiece is wet, so immediately after processing, remove moisture with air etc. and dry it. Store it in a dry state, or apply a rust preventive agent as in the conventional method. Alternatively, after processing, a so-called electric anti-corrosion underwater storage method may be applied, and the anti-rust storage may be carried out under water until required. Furthermore, regarding the rust prevention of the workpiece after processing, it is possible to utilize Japanese Patent No. 5,598,841 to form a film to improve the corrosion resistance. In addition, since the anode part is arranged in the processing water tank, electricity can easily flow throughout the processing water tank, and when the processing equipment is connected to the cathode part, the rust prevention performance of the entire processing equipment can also be improved. Further, the discharged processing water may be recycled and used by a water circulation regeneration system or the like.

In addition, in the machining system using the electric rust prevention processing method of the embodiment, the anode portion is used as the inner electrode or pool electrode as the rust prevention electrode, but the electrode is not limited to this, and the nozzle that spouts machining water can be used as the electrode. It may also be a nozzle type electrode. In addition, in the embodiment, an ultrasonic horn was used as the ultrasonic source, but the source is not limited to this, but it can also be used with plates, diaphragms, vibrators, etc., mounting a vibrating body on a workpiece, or mounting a vibrating body on a tool. For example, a vibrating body may be used as an ultrasonic wave in a nozzle that spouts machining water, or machining water may be applied with ultrasonic waves.

That is, the present invention is not limited to the examples as long as the functions and effects of the present invention are achieved.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is suitable for a machining system that performs hole machining with a drill while performing electrical rust prevention using machining water.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Machining system, 11... Circuit part, 20... Processing device, 21... Spindle, 22... Tool (drill, end mill, milling cutter), 30... Cathode part, 31... Holder (cathode part), 40... Anode part, 41... Inner electrode (anode part), 42... Pool electrode (anode part), 50... Processing water tank, 51... Outside water tank, 60... Processing water spout nozzle part, 60, 61... Processing point nozzle, 60, 62... Chip flow 70... Ultrasonic horn, M... Workpiece (cathode part), W... Processing water.

Claims (6)

A processing device that holds a workpiece that can be energized by a holder, processes it with a tool held on a spindle, and interposes processing water between the workpiece and the tool when processing the workpiece, the processing device comprising: An anode part that conducts electricity to the machining water, and a conductive member including the workpiece and the holder that simultaneously contact the anode part and the machining water during machining of the workpiece as a cathode part, and the machining water flows from the anode part. In a machining system comprising a circuit section that allows current to flow through the cathode section,
The machining device includes a machining water tank that stores the machining water, a machining water jetting nozzle portion that is disposed in the machining water tank and that spouts the machining water and sweeps away chips discharged from the workpiece during machining, and a machining water jetting nozzle portion that is disposed in the machining water tank. an ultrasonic horn that is brought close to the workpiece and vibrates the machining water around the machining part using ultrasonic waves ;
A machining system characterized in that a distance from a tip of the ultrasonic horn to the machining portion is smaller than a distance from the main shaft to the machining portion . The machining system according to claim 1 ,
The machining system is characterized in that the machining water spouting nozzle section includes a machining point nozzle disposed beside the tool and spouting the machining water toward the machining part. The machining system according to claim 1 or claim 2 ,
The machining water spouting nozzle section includes a chip flushing nozzle that is disposed beside the edge of the machining water tank and spouting the machining water so as to generate a flow of the machining water from the inside to the outside of the machining water tank. A machining system characterized by: The machining system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The machining system, wherein the anode section includes an inner electrode disposed along the workpiece. The machining system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The machining system characterized in that the anode section includes a pool electrode arranged at the edge of the machining tank. The machining system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A machining system characterized in that an outer water tank is provided outside the processing water tank so as to receive the processing water overflowing from the edge of the processing water tank.

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