JP7465087B2 - Pest repellent composition - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pest repellent composition.

Pests, for example, flying pests such as mosquitoes and flies, are a cause of infectious diseases and dermatitis by transmitting pathogens to animals such as humans. In particular, some mosquitoes are insects that are extremely harmful from the viewpoint of hygiene because they transmit pathogens such as dengue fever, Zika fever, yellow fever, encephalitis, and malaria.
Conventionally, methods of spraying insecticides or applying repellents to the skin surface have been widely used to protect against such flying pests, and DEET (N,N-diethyltoluamide) is a typical example of such a repellent.

Pests such as mosquitoes have chemical receptor systems, such as thermoreceptors that detect the body temperature of animals, olfactory receptors that detect volatile substances such as body odor, and carbon dioxide receptors that detect carbon dioxide, which enable them to detect animals. DEET repels such pests by modulating the chemical receptor systems possessed by such pests and neutralizing their cognitive senses.
However, DEET has an unpleasant odor, and in order to achieve a sufficient and sustained repellent effect, it is necessary to mix it in at a certain amount or more.Furthermore, it is known to cause allergies and rough skin in some people, so there is a problem that the amount and frequency of use is limited for young children and people with sensitive skin.

The use of natural essential oils as repellent ingredients is therefore being considered. Natural essential oils such as citronella oil, lemon eucalyptus oil, lemongrass oil, orange oil, and cassia oil are also used in candles and aroma lotions, and are highly safe for humans. However, their repellent effect against pests is insufficient, raising questions about their practicality.

Various other proposals have been made so far regarding repellents and repellent compositions for pests.
For example, Patent Document 1 describes the incorporation of an insect repellent such as DEET into a skin protective agent containing a fluorine-polyether co-modified silicone and an ultraviolet protection component.
Patent Document 2 discloses an insect repellent containing caran-3,4-diol and a silicone oil having a viscosity of 5000 cSt or less at 25° C., and Patent Document 3 discloses an insect repellent characterized by containing a silicone compound as an active ingredient.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-59447 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-81307 JP 2006-36759 A

Among pest repellents, those that are applied to the skin are desired to have not only an initial pest repellent effect but also excellent durability of the repellent effect, to be safe for the human body, and furthermore, to be water resistant so that they are not easily washed away by moisture such as sweat. However, the current situation is that the major pest repellents that are available do not fully meet these requirements.
As mentioned above, existing pest repellents such as DEET described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known to cause allergies and rough skin in some people, and some countries have restrictions on the amount of pest repellent that can be used by young children. In this situation, there is a demand for repellents that are safer for the human body and can be used safely by young children and people with sensitive skin.
Furthermore, in a repellent composition of the type that is applied to human skin, unlike the insect repellent described in Patent Document 3, it is desirable for the composition to have not only an initial pest repellent effect but also excellent durability of the repellent effect, and to have water resistance to such an extent that the pest repellent effect is sustained even if the composition comes into contact with water after being applied to the skin.
However, at present, no composition has been found that combines a sustained pest repellent effect with the above-mentioned water resistance and is suitable for application to the skin.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a pest repellent composition that has excellent long-lasting repellent effects against pests, particularly flying pests, is safe, has excellent water resistance, and is suitable for application to the skin.

As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by a pest repellent composition containing a non-volatile liquid oily component having a specific surface tension and viscosity, and a film-forming polymer.
That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [8].
[1] A pest repellent composition or a pest retention and inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) and (B):
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less; (B) a film-forming polymer: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less. [2] A water-in-oil mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention control composition comprising the following components (A) to (C), with the content of pest repellents other than component (A) being 15% by mass or less:
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) a film-forming polymer: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less. [3] A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) to (C), in which the content of a pest repellent other than component (A) is 15% by mass or less:
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C as measured by a Brookfield type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less. [4] A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention control composition comprising the following components (A) to (C), in which the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 15 to 60, and the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15% by mass or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, and hydrocarbon oils, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 50% by mass to 80% by mass (B) silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymer, and poly(alkyl ester (meth)acrylate) a polymer selected from the group consisting of ethyl ethers: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less; [5] A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention control composition comprising the following components (A) to (D), in which the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 15 or more and 60 or less, the mass ratio of component (A) to component (C) [(A)/(C)] is 0.2 or more and 15 or less, and the content of any pest repellent other than component (A) is 15% by mass or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, and hydrocarbon oils, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a Brookfield type rotational viscometer: 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less; (D) surfactant: 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less. [6] The composition of [5], wherein component (D) is a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 8 or less.
[7] A method for repelling pests, comprising applying the composition according to any one of [1] to [6] to a human skin surface.
[8] A method for inhibiting the retention of pests, comprising attaching the composition according to any one of [1] to [6] to the legs of a pest to prevent the pest from retaining on human skin.

The present invention can provide a pest repellent composition, a pest retention suppression composition, a pest repellent method, and a pest retention suppression method that are excellent in long-lasting repellent effect against pests, particularly flying pests, are safe, have excellent water resistance, and are suitable for application to the skin.

[Pest repellent composition, pest retention and suppression composition]
The pest repellent composition and pest retention/inhibition composition of the present invention (hereinafter, these are also collectively referred to as "the composition of the present invention") are compositions containing the following components (A) and (B).
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less (B) a film-forming polymer: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less

The composition of the present invention contains specific amounts of components (A) and (B), has excellent long-lasting repellent effects against pests, particularly flying pests, is safe, has excellent water resistance, and is suitable for application to the skin.

In the present invention, "repellent effect against pests" means that even if a pest comes into contact with an object, it does not stay there but immediately leaves, and the composition of the present invention corresponds to a contact repellent composition. That is, the pest repellent effect in the present invention is different from repellents or insect repellents that repel pests without contacting the object, such as those that keep pests away from the object or those that prevent pests from approaching the object, and insecticides that have an insecticidal effect against pests and exterminate them.
The composition of the present invention has an effect of repelling pests, because even if pests such as mosquitoes land on the object to which it is applied or attached, the pests do not remain there but immediately leave. Specifically, it has a retention suppression effect of preventing pests such as mosquitoes from remaining in a specified area on the skin surface for a time to insert their stingers, specifically 1 second or more, after landing on the skin of an animal such as a human. Such an effect is based on a pest repellent principle that has not been seen in the past, and is safe without side effects such as rough skin. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can be used as a pest retention suppression composition.
In the present invention, the "long-lasting repellent effect against pests" means that the repellent effect continues even after the composition of the present invention is applied to an object.
In the following description, the persistent repellent effect, particularly against flying pests, will be referred to simply as the "persistent repellent effect," and the persistence of the repellent effect after the composition is applied to the skin and then comes into contact with moisture such as water or sweat will be referred to simply as "water resistance."

The composition of the present invention contains, as component (A), one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of (a) silicone oil, (b) ester oil, (c) ether oil, (d) hydrocarbon oil, (e) aliphatic alcohol, and (f) polyhydric alcohol, each of which has a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer. By containing component (A), the composition has an excellent repellent effect against pests, particularly flying pests. The reason for this is unclear, but is thought to be as follows.
The present inventors have found that flying pests such as mosquitoes have the property of avoiding staying on a surface where their legs become wet in order to avoid the attractive force generated from the landing surface when their legs become wet. Since the legs of flying pests such as mosquitoes are hydrophobic, a liquid oily component with a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C has a high affinity with the legs of flying pests, and a liquid oily component with a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less will have a sufficiently large contact area between the legs of the flying pest and the liquid oily component in a short time when the legs of the flying pest come into contact with the liquid oily component. Therefore, when a flying pest lands on a surface to which component (A) is applied or attached, the legs become wet, and it is considered that the flying pest flies away without staying at the landing point in order to avoid the attractive force generated from the landing surface.
In the present invention, landing refers to a flying pest such as a mosquito contacting an object for less than one second, while stationary refers to a flying pest such as a mosquito remaining in contact with an object for one second or more.

The composition of the present invention contains component (B) in addition to component (A), which in combination with component (A) enables the component (A) to form a film on the skin surface for a long period of time, which is believed to improve the sustained repellent effect while also improving water resistance.

<Component (A): Non-volatile Liquid Oily Component>
Component (A) contained in the composition of the present invention is one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of (a) silicone oils, (b) ester oils, (c) ether oils, (d) hydrocarbon oils, (e) aliphatic alcohols, and (f) polyhydric alcohols, each of which has a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer.

From the viewpoints of facilitating application to the skin and improving the sustained repellent effect, component (A) is preferably a non-volatile oil that is liquid at 20°C, more preferably liquid at 15°C, and even more preferably liquid at 10°C.
In addition, the "liquid" in the liquid oily ingredient means that it is determined to be liquid in the liquid-solid determination test according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standard "ASTM D 4359-90: Standard Test Method for Determining Whether a Material is a Liquid or Solid."
From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect, component (A) is preferably a water-insoluble or slightly water-soluble component, and specifically, the amount of solubility in 100 g of water at 20° C. is preferably 1 g or less, more preferably 0.5 g or less, even more preferably 0.1 g or less, and even more preferably essentially 0 g.

The liquid oily component of component (A) used in the present invention is a non-volatile liquid oily component from the viewpoint of improving the repellency duration effect. Here, the non-volatile liquid oily component in the present invention refers to a liquid oily component whose volatilization rate after drying at 25°C for 60 minutes under 1 atmosphere is 50% or less, and preferably refers to a liquid oily component whose volatilization rate after drying at 25°C for 120 minutes under 1 atmosphere is 50% or less. The volatilization rate is evaluated according to the German test standard DIN53249, and specifically, is performed according to the following steps 1 to 4.
1. Measure the weight (P(g)) of a round filter paper with a diameter of 150 mm.
2. Using a pipette, a 0.3 g sample of component (A) is dropped onto a round filter paper, and immediately thereafter the weight (W ₀ (g)) of the filter paper is measured.
3. In a ventilated environment, measure the weight of the filter paper at 25° C. at 5-minute intervals using a gravimetric measurement accurate to about 0.001 g. The weight of the filter paper measured 60 minutes after the measurement in 2 is defined as W ₆₀ (g).
4. The value calculated using the formula {((W ₀ - P) - (W ₆₀ - P))/(W ₀ - P)} x 100 is the volatility rate (%).
The lower the volatility rate, the longer the liquid oily component will remain on the skin when applied, resulting in a longer lasting repellent effect.
When two or more kinds of liquid oily components are used, the volatility of the liquid oily components means the volatility of the mixture of two or more kinds of liquid oily components. Therefore, as long as the volatility of the mixture is within the above range, liquid oily components having a volatility of more than 50% after drying at 25°C for 60 minutes under 1 atmospheric pressure may be used in combination.

From the viewpoint of availability, the surface tension of component (A) at 25° C. is preferably 15 mN/m or more, more preferably 17 mN/m or more, and from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, it is 40 mN/m or less, preferably 30 mN/m or less, more preferably 28 mN/m or less, even more preferably 25 mN/m or less, still more preferably 23 mN/m or less, and still more preferably 21 mN/m or less. Even if the surface tension of the component (A) itself at 25° C. exceeds 40 mN/m, it will exhibit a sustained repellent effect if the surface tension is lowered by mixing it with another liquid oily component.
The viscosity of component (A) at 23°C as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer is preferably 1 mPa·s or more from the viewpoint of suppressing volatility and improving the sustained repellent effect, and from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance when applied to the skin, it is 400 mPa·s or less, preferably 300 mPa·s or less, more preferably 210 mPa·s or less, even more preferably 100 mPa·s or less, still more preferably 60 mPa·s or less, still more preferably 40 mPa·s or less, and even more preferably 30 mPa·s or less. When two or more liquid oily components with different viscosities are used, the viscosity means the viscosity of a mixture of these liquid oily components.
The surface tension and viscosity of component (A) are measured by the method described in the examples.

(a) Silicone Oil As the silicone oil, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect, one or more types selected from the group consisting of dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethiconol (dimethylpolysiloxane having a hydroxy group at the terminal), methylphenylpolysiloxane, and modified silicone are preferable.
Examples of modified silicones include amino-modified silicones (dimethylpolysiloxanes having an amino group), polyether-modified silicones, glyceryl-modified silicones, amino derivative silicones, carboxy-modified silicones, fatty acid-modified silicones, alcohol-modified silicones, aliphatic alcohol-modified silicones, epoxy-modified silicones, fluorine-modified silicones, and alkyl-modified silicones.

Among the silicone oils, from the viewpoint of improving the duration of the repellent effect and improving water resistance, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethiconol, methylphenylpolysiloxane, and modified silicone are preferred, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethiconol, and polyether modified silicone are more preferred, and dimethylpolysiloxane is even more preferred.

The dimethylpolysiloxane may be one or more selected from the group consisting of linear dimethylpolysiloxane and cyclic dimethylpolysiloxane. Of these, linear dimethylpolysiloxane is more preferred from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance.
Commercially available examples of linear dimethylpolysiloxanes include the KF-96 series from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., the SH200C series from Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd., "2-1184 Fluid," and "Silsoft DML,""Element14 PDMS 5-JC,""Element14 PDMS 10-JC," and "Element14 PDMS 20-JC" from Momentive Performance Materials.

(b) Ester Oil As the ester oil, from the viewpoint of improving the repellent effect and improving water resistance, an ester oil represented by any one of the following general formulas (1) to (3) and a dialkyl carbonate compound represented by the following general formula (4) are preferred.

R ¹ -COO-R ² (1)
In general formula (1), ^R1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having from 7 to 23 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having from 6 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, and ^R2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or an alkenyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
When R ¹ is an alkyl group, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, the carbon number is preferably 7 or more, more preferably 9 or more, and from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin, the carbon number is preferably 21 or less, more preferably 17 or less. When R ¹ is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, the carbon number is preferably 8 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin, the carbon number is preferably 22 or less, more preferably 20 or less.
From the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin, ^R2 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having a carbon number of 20 or less, more preferably 18 or less. From the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin, it is preferable that at least one of ^R1 and ^R2 is a branched alkyl group.

Examples of ester oils represented by general formula (1) include myristyl 2-ethylhexanoate, cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate, stearyl 2-ethylhexanoate, isodecyl octanoate, isocetyl octanoate, isononyl isononanoate, isotridecyl isononanoate, cetearyl isononanoate, octyl propylheptanoate, methyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, octyldodecyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isocetyl palmitate, and stearin. Examples of the hydroxystearate include 2-ethylhexyl stearate, isocetyl stearate, isotridecyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, octyl isostearate, isocetyl isostearate, isostearyl isostearate, 2-ethylhexyl hydroxystearate, methyl oleate, oleyl oleate, isobutyl oleate, oleyl erucate, alkyl benzoate (alkyl carbon number 12 to 15), and diethylhexyl naphthalenedicarboxylate.

( ^R3O ) _-CH2CH ( ^OR4 ) _-CH2 ( ^OR5 ) (2)
In formula (2), R ³ , R ⁴ and R ⁵ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the following formula (2-1), provided that all of them are not hydrogen atoms.
-CO-R ⁶ (2-1)
(In the formula, ^R6 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having 7 to 23 carbon atoms, preferably 17 or less, which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group.)
The ester oil represented by the general formula (2) may be one or more selected from the group consisting of glyceryl tri-2-ethylhexanoate and glyceryl tricaprylate. These may also be plant-derived ester oils such as jojoba oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, almond oil, palm oil, coconut oil, castor oil, wheat germ oil, grape seed oil, thistle oil, evening primrose oil, macadamia nut oil, corn germ oil, and avocado oil.

R ⁷ O-(AO)m-COR ⁸ (3)
In formula (3), ^R7 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, ^R8 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, AO represents an alkyleneoxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m represents the average number of moles added of 1 to 50.
R7 preferably has an average carbon number of 6 or more from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, and from the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin, ^R7 is preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group having an average carbon number of 12 or less, more preferably 10 or less, and more preferably a benzyl group.
From the viewpoint of improving the repellent effect and improving water resistance, ^R8 is preferably an alkyl group having an average carbon number of preferably 7 or more, more preferably 11 or more, and preferably 21 or less, more preferably 15 or less.
From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, the AO group is preferably a propyleneoxy group, and m is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 5 or less.
Examples of the ester oil represented by the general formula (3) include one or more selected from the group consisting of an ester of a 3-mol propylene oxide adduct of benzyl alcohol and myristic acid ("Croda" Crodamol STS) and an ester of a 3-mol propylene oxide adduct of benzyl alcohol and 2-ethylhexanoic acid ("Croda" Crodamol SFX).

R ⁹ —O—(CH ₂ CH ₂ O) v —CO—(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) w —OR ¹⁰ (4)
In formula (4), R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ each independently represent an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, and v and w each independently represent 0 or the average number of moles added of 1 to 50.
^R9 and ^R10 each preferably have 8 or more carbon atoms from the viewpoint of improving the repellent effect and improving water resistance, and each preferably represents an alkyl group having 18 or less, more preferably 12 or less, from the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin.
From the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin, v and w are preferably 0 or a number between 1 and 5, and more preferably 0.
Examples of the dialkyl carbonate compound represented by the general formula (4) include dioctyl carbonate ("Cetyolic Acid CC" manufactured by Cognis).

Examples of ester oils other than those mentioned above include esters of polyvalent carboxylic acids and alcohols, and esters of polyhydric alcohols other than glycerin and fatty acids.
Specific examples thereof include one or more selected from the group consisting of diisopropyl dimerate, diisopropyl adipate, diethoxyethyl succinate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, propanediol dicaprate, neopentyl glycol dicaprate, neopentyl glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, etc. Among these, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, esters of neopentyl glycol and fatty acids are preferred, and one or more selected from the group consisting of neopentyl glycol dicaprate and neopentyl glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate are more preferred.
Of the above (b) ester oils, at least one selected from the group consisting of ester oils represented by general formula (1) and esters of neopentyl glycol and fatty acids is preferred.

(c) Ether Oil As the ether oil, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, a dialkyl ether compound represented by the following general formula (5) or a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether compound represented by the following general formula (6) is preferred.

R ¹¹ -O-R ¹² (5)
In formula (5), R ¹¹ and R ¹² each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms.
R ¹¹ and R ¹² are preferably an alkyl group from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, and the number of carbon atoms therein is preferably 8 or more from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, and is preferably 18 or less, more preferably 16 or less, and even more preferably 12 or less, from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin.
Examples of the dialkyl ether compound represented by the general formula (5) include dihexyl ether, dioctyl ether ("Cetyl OE" manufactured by Cognis), dicaprylyl ether, and cetyl-1,3-dimethylbutyl ether ("ASE-166K" manufactured by Kao Corporation).

R ¹³ —O—(PO)r(EO)s-H (6)
In the general formula (6), ^R13 represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, PO represents a propyleneoxy group, and EO represents an ethyleneoxy group. r represents an average number of moles added of 0.1 to 15, and s represents an average number of moles added of 0 to 10. When s is not 0, the addition form of PO and EO may be random or block.
R ¹³ preferably has 8 or more carbon atoms and 20 or less, more preferably 18 or less, and further preferably 12 or less carbon atoms.
From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, the average number of added moles r is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, and even more preferably 3 or more, and from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin, it is preferably 13 or less, more preferably 10 or less, and the average number of added moles s is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 1 or less, and even more preferably 0.
The polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether compound represented by the general formula (6) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene glycol, polyoxypropylene octyl ether, polyoxypropylene decyl ether, and polyoxypropylene lauryl ether, each of which has an average added mole number r of propyleneoxy groups of 3 or more and 10 or less.
Among the above (c) ether oils, the ether oil represented by the general formula (5) is preferred from the viewpoints of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance.

(d) Hydrocarbon Oils Examples of the hydrocarbon oils include liquid paraffin, liquid isoparaffin, squalane, isohexadecane, isoeicosane, hydrogenated polyisobutene, light liquid isoparaffin, heavy liquid isoparaffin, α-olefin oligomers, and cycloparaffin.
Among these, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving the water resistance when applied to the skin, one or more selected from the group consisting of liquid paraffin, liquid isoparaffin, and squalane are preferred.

(e) Aliphatic Alcohols Examples of the aliphatic alcohol include monohydric chain or cyclic aliphatic alcohols, and from the viewpoint of improving the repellent duration effect, monohydric chain aliphatic alcohols are preferred. From the viewpoint of improving the repellent duration effect, the carbon number of the aliphatic alcohol is preferably 14 or more, more preferably 18 or more, and from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin, it is preferably 28 or less, more preferably 24 or less, and even more preferably 22 or less.
The aliphatic alcohol may be either linear or branched, and may be either saturated or unsaturated, but linear or branched saturated aliphatic alcohols are preferred.
Examples of the linear aliphatic alcohol include oleyl alcohol, and examples of the branched aliphatic saturated alcohol include butyl octanol, butyl decanol, hexyl decanol, and octyldodecanol.
Among these, from the viewpoints of improving the sustained repellent effect, improving water resistance, and providing a good feel when applied to the skin, branched-chain aliphatic saturated alcohols are preferred, and one or more selected from the group consisting of hexyldecanol and octyldodecanol are preferred.

(f) Polyhydric Alcohols Examples of polyhydric alcohols include aliphatic alcohols having 2 or more carbon atoms, aromatic alcohols, and sugar alcohols having 4 or more carbon atoms, and may be either saturated or unsaturated. From the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin, one or more types selected from the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aromatic alcohols, and sugar alcohols having 4 to 10 carbon atoms are preferred.
Among the polyhydric alcohols, examples of aliphatic alcohols having 2 or more carbon atoms include dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and hexylene glycol.
Examples of the sugar alcohol include sorbitol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, xylitol, and mannitol.

Among the non-volatile liquid oily components, from the viewpoint of improving the repellency duration effect and improving water resistance, one or more selected from the group consisting of (a) silicone oil, (b) ester oil, (c) ether oil, and (d) hydrocarbon oil are preferred, one or more selected from the group consisting of (a) silicone oil, (b) ester oil, and (c) ether oil are more preferred, one or more selected from the group consisting of (a) silicone oil and (b) ester oil are even more preferred, and from the viewpoint of improving the long-term storage stability of the composition, (a) silicone oil is even more preferred. Of the (a) silicone oil, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethiconol, methylphenylpolysiloxane, and modified silicone are preferred, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethylpolysiloxane, dimethiconol, and polyether modified silicone are more preferred, dimethylpolysiloxane is even more preferred, and linear dimethylpolysiloxane is even more preferred.

(Content of component (A))
The content of component (A) in the composition of the present invention is 40% by mass or more, preferably 45% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more, and even more preferably 55% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving the repellent duration effect and improving water resistance, and is 99.5% by mass or less, preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, and even more preferably 70% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of improving the repellent duration effect, suppressing the odor derived from component (A), and improving the feel when applied to the skin. The content of component (A) in the composition of the present invention is 40 to 99.5% by mass, preferably 45 to 90% by mass, more preferably 50 to 80% by mass, and even more preferably 55 to 70% by mass.

<Component (B): Film-forming polymer>
The composition of the present invention contains a film-forming polymer as component (B). The film-forming polymer is not particularly limited as long as it has a film-forming ability when the composition is applied and dried, and disperses in water, a mixture of water and a water-soluble solvent, or component (A). The film-forming polymer may also be mixed with water, water, and a water-soluble solvent to form a solution.

Examples of the component (B) include silicone structure-containing polymers, vinyl polymers, urethane polymers, polysaccharide polymers, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
(Polymer containing silicone structure)
The silicone structure-containing polymer as component (B) is a polymer that has a silicone structure at least in a portion thereof and has a film-forming ability. The "silicone structure" in the silicone structure-containing polymer refers to a structure represented by the following general formula (I).

In general formula (I), R ²¹ are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and p is an integer of 1 or more. From the viewpoint of improving the feel when the composition is applied to the skin, R ²¹ is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group or phenyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, still more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and still more preferably a methyl group.

The silicone structure may be present in the polymer, either in the main chain or in the side chain. When the silicone structure is present in the polymer main chain, there is no particular restriction on the bonding form. For example, the silicone structure may be present at the end of the polymer main chain, or it may be a copolymer in which the silicone structure is bonded in a block or random manner in the polymer main chain. In addition, a polymer graft-modified with a compound having a silicone structure can also be used.

Specific examples of preferred silicone structure-containing polymers used as component (B) from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance include silicone-modified alicyclic structure-containing polymers; silicone-modified pullulan; silicone structure-containing silicic acid compounds such as trialkylsiloxysilicate, fluorine-modified alkylsiloxysilicate, and phenyl-modified alkylsiloxysilicate; and silicone structure-containing vinyl polymers.

[Silicone-modified alicyclic structure-containing polymer]
Examples of the silicone-modified alicyclic structure-containing polymer include silicone-modified cyclic polyolefins, and a preferred example is silicone-modified polynorbornene represented by the following general formula (7).

In the formula, ^R22 is independently an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and X is a group represented by the following formula (i): a is an integer of 1 to 3. b and c are the number of repeating units, and are each independently an integer of 1 or more.

In the formula, R ²¹ is the same as defined above, and d is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less.
In the general formula (7), from the viewpoints of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving the water resistance of the composition, R ²² is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, a butyl group, or a pentyl group, and from the viewpoint of improving the feel when the composition is applied to the skin, a methyl group is more preferable.
X is a group represented by the formula (i), and in formula (i), R ²¹ is each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. From the viewpoint of improving the repellency duration effect and improving water resistance, R ^{21 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, and from the viewpoint of improving the feel when the composition is applied to the skin, R 21} is more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a methyl group. d is an integer of 1 to 5, and from the viewpoint of versatility, d=1 is preferable. That is, X is preferably a trimethylsiloxy group.
a is an integer of 1 to 3, and may be, for example, a polymer containing a mixture of repeating units where a = 2 and repeating units where a = 3. From the viewpoint of versatility, a is preferably 3.
From the viewpoint of improving the water resistance of the composition, the ratio of b to c in the general formula (7) is preferably b/c=20/80 to 90/10 (mol/mol), more preferably 30/70 to 80/20 (mol/mol), and even more preferably 50/50 to 70/30 (mol/mol). The ratio of b to c can be determined by ^1H -NMR measurement.

The silicone-modified polynorbornene is more preferably a silicone-modified polynorbornene represented by the following formula (8).

In the formula, b and c are the same as defined above.

Examples of the silicone-modified polynorbornene represented by formula (8) include norbornene/tris(trimethylsiloxy)silylnorbornene copolymer, which is a compound represented by the INCI name (International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 16th Edition, Vol. 2, 2016, p. 2274): NORBORNENE/TRIS(TRIMETHYLSILOXY)SILYLNORBORNENE COPOLYMER.
An example of a commercially available silicone-modified polynorbornene is "NBN-30-ID" (a solution of norbornene/tris(trimethylsiloxy)silylnorbornene) copolymer in isododecane) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.

[Silicone modified pullulan]
Examples of silicone-modified pullulan include pullulan having a silicone structure in the side chain. Specifically, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, silicone-modified pullulan in which at least a portion of the hydrogen atoms of the OH groups in pullulan are substituted with a group represented by the following general formula (9) is preferred.

In the formula, Z ¹ is a single bond or a divalent organic group. R ²² , X, and a are the same as above, and from the viewpoint of versatility, X is preferably a trimethylsiloxy group, and a is preferably 3.

In general formula (9), from the viewpoint of improving the repellent effect and improving water resistance, ^Z1 is preferably a divalent organic group, more preferably a divalent group represented by the following general formula (10) or (11), and more preferably a divalent group represented by the following general formula (11).

In the formula, R ³¹ is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, etc. From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, among these, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, and a propylene group are preferred, and a trimethylene group or a propylene group is more preferred.

Commercially available silicone-modified pullulan includes Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.'s "TSPL-30-ID" (a solution of tri(trimethylsiloxy)silylpropylcarbamic acid pullulan in isododecane) and "TSPL-30-D5" (a solution of tri(trimethylsiloxy)silylpropylcarbamic acid pullulan in cyclopentasiloxane).

[Silicone structure-containing silicic acid compound]
Examples of the silicone structure-containing silicic acid compound include silicate compounds having a silicone structure at the end, such as trialkylsiloxysilicic acid, fluorine-modified alkylsiloxysilicic acid, and phenyl-modified alkylsiloxysilicic acid.
From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, the alkyl group in the trialkylsiloxysilicate preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and further preferably is a methyl group. A specific example of the trialkylsiloxysilicate is trimethylsiloxysilicate.
The fluorine-modified alkylsiloxysilicate may be a compound in which at least some of the hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group of a trialkylsiloxysilicate are substituted with fluorine atoms, specific examples of which include trifluoropropyldimethylsiloxysilicate and trifluoropropyldimethyl/trimethylsiloxysilicate.
Examples of phenyl-modified alkylsiloxysilicates include phenylpropyldimethylsiloxysilicate, phenylpropyldimethyl/trimethylsiloxysilicate, and the like.
Among the silicone structure-containing silicate compounds, trialkylsiloxysilicic acid is preferred, and trimethylsiloxysilicic acid is more preferred, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance.

Commercially available silicone structure-containing silicate compounds include Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.'s "KF-7312J" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in cyclopentasiloxane), "KF-7312K" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in dimethicone), "KF-7312L" (a volatile dimethicone solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate), "X-21-5249" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in cyclopentasiloxane), "X-21-5249L" (a volatile dimethicone solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate), "X-21-5250" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in cyclopentasiloxane), "X-21-5250L" (a volatile dimethicone solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate), and "KF-9021" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in cyclopentasiloxane). Examples that can be used include "siloxysilicate in cyclopentasiloxane," "KF-9021L" (a volatile dimethicone solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate), "X-21-5595" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in isododecane), "X-21-5616" (a solution of trimethylsiloxysilicate in isododecane), Momentive Performance Materials Japan LLC's "XS66-B8226" (a solution of trifluoropropyldimethyl/trimethylsiloxysilicate in cyclopentasiloxane), "XS66-B8636" (a solution of trifluoropropyldimethyl/trimethylsiloxysilicate in dimethicone), and "SilShine151" (phenylpropyldimethylsiloxysilicate).

[Silicone Structure-Containing Vinyl Polymer]
The silicone structure-containing vinyl polymer is a vinyl polymer having a silicone structure in the main chain or side chain other than the silicone-modified alicyclic structure-containing polymer.
From the viewpoint of improving the repellency duration effect and improving water resistance, a silicone structure-containing acrylic polymer is preferred. The silicone structure-containing acrylic polymer may be a polymer having at least a silicone structure and a constituent unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer such as a (meth)acrylic acid ester.
Specific examples of silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers include acrylic polymers having a siloxane dendrimer structure in the side chain (hereinafter also referred to as "acrylic silicone dendrimer") and graft copolymers of acrylic polymers and dimethylpolysiloxane.

From the viewpoints of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, the siloxane dendrimer structure in the acrylic silicone dendrimer is preferably a group represented by the following general formula (12).

In the formula, ^R21 is the same as above. ^Z2 is a single bond or a divalent organic group. ^X1 is a group represented by the following general formula (13) when i=1, and i is an integer of 1 to 10 indicating the hierarchy of the group.

In the formula, ^R21 is the same as above, ^R32 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, ^Z3 is an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ^Xi+1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group, or a group represented by general formula (13), and ^ai is an integer of 0 to 3.

Examples of the acrylic polymer having a siloxane dendrimer structure in the side chain include polymers having a constituent unit derived from a monomer represented by the following general formula (14).

In the formula, ^R21 and ^X1 are the same as defined above, and Y is a (meth)acryloyl group.
The acrylic silicone dendrimer may further contain a constituent unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer other than the monomer represented by general formula (14).

Commercially available acrylic silicone dendrimers include "FA 4001 CM Silicone Acrylate" (a solution of (acrylates/polytrimethylsiloxy methacrylate) copolymer in cyclopentasiloxane) and "FA 4002 ID Silicone Acrylate" (a solution of (acrylates/polytrimethylsiloxy methacrylate) copolymer in isododecane) manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.

Commercially available graft copolymers of acrylic polymers and dimethylpolysiloxane include Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.'s "KP-543" (acrylates/dimethicone copolymer solution in butyl acetate), "KP-545" (acrylates/dimethicone copolymer solution in cyclopentasiloxane), "KP-545L" (acrylates/dimethicone copolymer solution in dimethicone), and "KP-550" (acrylates/dimethicone copolymer solution in isododecane).

Among the silicone structure-containing polymers, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, one or more selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, and silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers are preferred.

(Vinyl polymer)
Examples of the vinyl polymer include anionic vinyl polymers, cationic vinyl polymers, nonionic vinyl polymers, and amphoteric vinyl polymers other than the silicone structure-containing polymers.

[Anionic vinyl polymer]
The anionic vinyl polymer may be a vinyl polymer having a carboxy group or a sulfonic acid group as an anionic group. From the viewpoint of versatility, a vinyl polymer having a carboxy group is preferred, and examples thereof include a vinyl polymer containing a structural unit derived from crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic acid monoester, itaconic acid, or (meth)acrylic acid.
As the vinyl polymer containing a structural unit derived from any one of crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic acid monoester, and itaconic acid, it is preferable to use one copolymerized with at least one selected from the group consisting of vinyl ethers, vinyl esters, and vinyl alcohols, such as at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl vinyl ether/alkyl maleate copolymer, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymer, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl propionate copolymer, and vinyl alcohol/itaconic acid copolymer. Among these, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellency effect and improving water resistance, it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of methyl vinyl ether/alkyl maleate copolymer, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid copolymer, vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl neodecanoate copolymer, and vinyl acetate/crotonic acid/vinyl propionate copolymer.

Examples of the anionic vinyl polymer containing a structural unit derived from (meth)acrylic acid include copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid with one or more members selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters and N-alkyl(meth)acrylamides, such as acrylic acid/ethyl acrylate/N-t-butylacrylamide copolymers, octylacrylamide/acrylic acid copolymers, acrylates/methacrylate/acrylic acid/methacrylic acid copolymers, acrylates/diacetoneacrylamide copolymers, and acrylates/C1-18 alkyl acrylates/C1-8 alkyl acrylamide copolymers.
Among these, from the viewpoint of providing a good feel when the composition is applied to the skin, vinyl polymers containing structural units derived from (meth)acrylic acid are preferred.

[Cationic vinyl polymer]
Examples of the cationic vinyl polymer include vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer diethyl sulfate, vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide/lauryldimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide copolymer, vinylpyrrolidone/N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/alkyl acrylate/tripropylene glycol diacrylate copolymer, polydimethylmethylene piperidinium chloride, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer, trimethylammoniopropylacrylamide chloride/dimethylacrylamide copolymer, alkylacrylamide/acrylate/alkylaminoalkylacrylamide/polyethylene glycol methacrylate copolymer, t-butylacrylamide/dimethylacrylamide/dimethylaminopropylacrylamide/methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate copolymer, and the like.

[Nonionic vinyl polymer]
As the nonionic vinyl polymer, the nonionic polymer containing one or more constituent units selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester, styrene, and vinylpyrrolidone is preferred, and examples thereof include poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester, styrene/(meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamide/vinylimidazole copolymer, polyvinylcaprolactam, etc. Among these, poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester is preferred from the viewpoint of improving the feel when the composition is applied to the skin. The constituent units derived from (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester constituting poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester may be only one type, or may be two or more types.

[Amphoteric vinyl polymer]
Examples of amphoteric vinyl polymers include vinyl polymers containing both cationic and anionic groups, such as (meth)acrylate polymers having phosphobetaine or sulfobetaine groups on the side chain, and (meth)acrylic amphoteric polymers.

[Urethane-based polymer]
Examples of urethane-based polymers include polyurethane and polyacrylic urethane, and examples of commercially available products include "DynamX" manufactured by Akzo Nobel Co., Ltd.

[Polysaccharide-based polymers]
Examples of polysaccharide polymers include gum arabic, glucan, succinoglycan, carrageenan, karaya gum, tragacanth gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, galactomannan gum, xanthan gum, starch, carob gum, quince seed, casein, dextrin, gelatin, sodium pectinate, sodium alaginate, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, crystalline cellulose, etc. Polymers in which a cationic group, an anionic group, or both have been introduced into these polymers can also be used.

Component (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among component (B), from the viewpoint of improving the repellent effect and improving water resistance, one or more selected from the group consisting of silicone structure-containing polymers and vinyl polymers are preferred, one or more selected from the group consisting of silicone structure-containing polymers and nonionic vinyl polymers are more preferred, one or more selected from the group consisting of silicone modified polynorbornene, silicone modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters are even more preferred, and one or more selected from the group consisting of silicone modified polynorbornene, silicone modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, and silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers are even more preferred.

(Content of component (B))
The content of component (B) in the composition of the present invention is 0.5% by mass or more, preferably 0.7% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, and even more preferably 2% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving the repellent duration effect and improving water resistance, and is 15% by mass or less, preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 4% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of improving the repellent duration effect and improving water resistance. The content of component (B) in the composition of the present invention is 0.5 to 15% by mass, preferably 0.7 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 4% by mass, and even more preferably 2 to 4% by mass.

In the composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 4 or more, even more preferably 6 or more, and even more preferably 15 or more, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance, and is preferably 120 or less, more preferably 85 or less, even more preferably 60 or less, and even more preferably 30 or less, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving water resistance. In the composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is preferably 1 to 120, more preferably 4 to 120, even more preferably 6 to 85, even more preferably 15 to 60, and even more preferably 15 to 30.

<Component (C): Water>
The composition of the present invention may further contain water as component (C) from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and from the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin.
When the composition of the present invention contains water, the content of component (C) in the composition is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin. Also, from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect, it is preferably 85% by mass or less, preferably 80% by mass or less, and more preferably 75% by mass or less. The content of component (C) in the composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 85% by mass or less, more preferably 10 to 80% by mass, and even more preferably 15 to 75% by mass.
From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and from the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin, the composition of the present invention is preferably a water-in-oil composition. When the composition is a water-in-oil composition, the content of component (C) in the composition is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and even more preferably 15% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of providing a good feel when applied to the skin.
From the viewpoints of improving the sustained repellent effect, improving water resistance, and ensuring long-term storage stability, the content of component (C) in the water-in-oil composition is preferably 45% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and even more preferably 25% by mass or less. The content of component (C) in the water-in-oil composition is preferably 5 to 45% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass, and even more preferably 15 to 25% by mass.

When the composition of the present invention contains component (C), the mass ratio of component (A) to component (C) [(A)/(C)] is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more, even more preferably 0.5 or more, even more preferably 1 or more, even more preferably 2 or more, from the viewpoints of improving the repellent effect, improving water resistance, and ensuring long-term storage stability, when the composition is a water-in-oil type composition, and from the same viewpoints, it is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less, even more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5 or less, and even more preferably 3.5 or less. In the composition of the present invention, the mass ratio of component (A) to component (C) [(A)/(C)] is preferably 0.1 to 20, more preferably 0.2 to 15, even more preferably 0.5 to 10, even more preferably 1 to 5, and even more preferably 2 to 3.5.

(Component (D): Surfactant)
It is preferable that the composition of the present invention further contains a surfactant as component (D), from the viewpoint of being able to disperse or dissolve each component well to ensure excellent application properties to the skin, and from the viewpoint of ensuring long-term storage stability of the composition.
The surfactant is preferably one having a suitable emulsifying ability, and when the composition of the present invention is a water-in-oil type composition, it is particularly preferable to contain a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 8 or less.
Here, HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) indicates the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group portion in the total molecular weight of a surfactant, and is calculated by Griffin's formula.
From the viewpoint of emulsifying ability, the HLB of the nonionic surfactant is more preferably 6 or less, further preferably 5.5 or less, and preferably 3 or more.

Nonionic surfactants having an HLB of 8 or less include polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene glyceryl triisostearate and polyoxyethylene glyceryl trioleate; polyglycerin fatty acid esters such as tetraglyceryl monostearate and tetraglyceryl monooleate; sorbitan fatty acid esters such as sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan sesquioleate, and sorbitan sesquiisostearate; polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil; propylene glycol fatty acid esters such as propylene glycol monostearate; polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene behenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene stearyl ether; polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-decyl ether; alkyl alkanolamides; fatty acid alkanolamides; polyoxyethylene alkylamines; polyether-modified silicones; and glycerin-modified silicones. Among these, polyether-modified silicones are preferred from the viewpoint of improving the emulsion stability of water-in-oil compositions.

The silicone chain of the polyether-modified silicone may be either a straight chain or a branched chain, and examples thereof include straight-chain polyoxyethylene-methylpolysiloxane copolymers, straight-chain poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene)methylpolysiloxane copolymers, silicone chain branched polyoxyethylenemethylpolysiloxane copolymers, alkyl chain-silicone chain branched polyoxyethylenemethylpolysiloxane copolymers, etc. The straight-chain polyoxyethylene-methylpolysiloxane copolymers and straight-chain poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene)methylpolysiloxane copolymers may be modified products that have been further alkyl-modified or the like.
Among these, from the viewpoint of improving emulsion stability, one or more selected from the group consisting of linear polyoxyethylene-methylpolysiloxane copolymers, linear poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene)methylpolysiloxane copolymers, and modified products thereof are preferred.

Commercially available linear polyoxyethylene-methylpolysiloxane copolymers or modified products thereof used as component (D) include "KF-6015" (PEG-3 dimethicone, HLB 4.5), "KF-6016" (PEG-9 methyl ether dimethicone, HLB 4.5), and "KF-6017" (PEG-10 dimethicone, HLB 4.5) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., and "SS-2910" (PEG-10 dimethicone, HLB 4.0), "SH3772M", "SH3773M" (PEG-12 dimethicone, HLB 8.0), and "SH3775M" (PEG-12 dimethicone, HLB 5.0) manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.
Commercially available linear poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene) methylpolysiloxane copolymers or modified products thereof used as component (D) include "KF-6012" (PEG/PPG-20/22 butyl ether dimethicone, HLB 7.0) and "KF-6026" (PEG/PPG-10/3 oleyl ether dimethicone, HLB 5.0) from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. "KF-6048" (cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone, HLB 3.5) from Etsu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., "SH3749" (PEG/PPG-20/20 dimethicone, HLB 7.5) from Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd., "BY22-008M", "BY11-030", "BY25-337" (PEG/PPG-19/19 dimethicone, HLB 3.0), "5200 Formulation Aid (lauryl PEG/PPG-18/18 methicone, HLB 2.0), Momentive Performance Materials Japan's SF1528 and SF1540 (both PEG/PPG-20/15 dimethicone, HLB 4.0), and Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH's ABIL EM 97 S (Bis-PEG/PPG-14/14 dimethicone, HLB 5.0).
Commercially available silicone-chain branched polyoxyethylene methylpolysiloxane copolymers for use as component (D) include "KF-6028" (PEG-9 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone, HLB 4.0) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Examples of alkyl chain-silicone chain branched polyoxyethylene methylpolysiloxane copolymers include "KF-6038" (lauryl PEG-9 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone, HLB 3.0) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Other commercially available polyether-modified silicones that can be used include "FZ-2222,""FZ-2233," and "FZ-2231" (all linear polyether-modified silicones) manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd.

When component (D) is used in the composition of the present invention, its content in the composition is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, from the viewpoints of improving the sustained repellent effect by adjusting the fluidity after application to the skin, ensuring excellent application to the skin by well dispersing or dissolving each component, and improving the long-term storage stability of the composition, and from the same viewpoints, it is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 3% by mass or less.

(Component (E): Volatile Oil)
When the composition of the present invention is a water-in-oil type composition, it is preferred that the composition further contains a volatile oil as component (E) in order to ensure the long-term storage stability of the composition.
In this specification, the term "volatile oil" refers to an oil having a volatilization rate of more than 50% after drying at 25°C under 1 atmosphere for 60 minutes, as measured by the above method. As component (E), any liquid oily component having a volatilization rate of more than 50% as specified above can be used without any particular limitation, but from the viewpoint of ensuring the long-term storage stability of the composition, it is preferable to use one or more selected from the group consisting of isododecane, hexamethyldisiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, methyltrimethicone, and dimethylpolysiloxane having a kinetic viscosity of 2 cSt or less at 25°C. The kinetic viscosity can be measured using an Ubbelohde viscometer.

When component (E) is used in the composition of the present invention, its content in the composition is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 10% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of ensuring the long-term storage stability of the composition, and from the same viewpoint, it is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 25% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or less.

<Other ingredients>
The composition of the present invention may contain other ingredients, such as thickeners, preservatives, colorants, moisturizers, fragrances, pH adjusters, etc., as appropriate, within the scope of not impairing the effects of the invention. It may also contain medicinal or physiologically active ingredients, such as vitamins, blood circulation promoters, active oxygen scavengers, anti-inflammatory agents, whitening agents, and bactericides. It may also be used for other purposes, such as using fragrances as bactericides.

It is preferable that the composition of the present invention contains component (A) as an active ingredient for pest repellency and does not contain any other effective amount of pest repellent, from the viewpoint of preventing allergies and rough skin in the user.
The composition of the present invention has a sustained pest repellent effect even if it does not contain an effective amount of an existing pest repellent described below. In other words, even if the composition of the present invention contains a pest repellent other than component (A) in an amount less than the lower limit of the effective amount, if the pest does not remain in place even after landing, the retention suppression effect of the present invention is expressed. In other words, the composition of the present invention does not need to substantially contain a pest repellent other than component (A).

Here, "not containing an effective amount of" a pest repellent other than component (A) generally means that the content of existing pest repellents other than component (A) in the composition of the present invention is preferably 15 mass% or less, more preferably 10 mass% or less, even more preferably 5 mass% or less, still more preferably 4 mass% or less, still more preferably 3 mass% or less, and even more preferably 1 mass% or less.
The effective amount of an existing pest repellent can be determined by referring to, for example, the minimum effective amount published by the manufacturer of each repellent product.
More specifically, the effective amount of DEET: N,N-diethyltoluamide, which is an existing pest repellent described later, is 4% by mass or more, preferably 10% by mass or more, the effective amount of icaridin: 1-methylpropyl-2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidinecarboxylate is 4% by mass or more, the effective amount of IR3535: 3-(acetylbutyl)aminopropionic acid ethyl ester is 4% by mass or more, and the effective amount of citronella oil is 10% by mass or more.

The effective amount of an existing pest repellent can also be measured by the repellency evaluation test described below.
(Repellency evaluation test)
One hundred mated female mosquitoes (Aedes albopictus) are placed in a plastic cage (30 x 30 x 30 cm: BugDorm-1 cage) surrounded by mesh. A rectangular cut of 5 cm length x 4 cm width is made about 15 cm from the wrist toward the elbow of a Qualatech super long glove (50 cm) (AS ONE Corporation, Catalog number: 3-6432-02), and the arm is inserted into the glove. Without applying anything to the exposed part from the cut, the arm is inserted into the cage, and within 2 minutes, it is confirmed that the mosquitoes land on two exposed parts of the skin and remain there for at least 1 second. If the mosquito does not remain there for at least 1 second, a new mosquito is prepared. Hereinafter, a stay of at least 1 second will be referred to simply as a stay.
The test of the evaluation sample, which is a solution of the pest repellent, is carried out by adjusting the concentration with ethanol so that the evaluation sample can be applied to exposed skin (5 cm x 4 cm) at 2 mg/ ^cm2 .
Using a pipette, apply the adjusted concentration solution to the exposed area so that it is evenly distributed over the entire exposed area (amount of solution required: 40-50 μl). Leave the area for 3 minutes and then start the test.
The test is performed by inserting the arm coated with the evaluation sample into the cage for 2 minutes and counting the number of times the arm stays there. The test is terminated when the arm stays there twice in total, and the arm is inserted for 2 minutes every 30 minutes until the end of the test. If the second stay occurs at 30 minutes, the duration of the repellent effect is determined to be 0 minutes, and if the second stay occurs at 60 minutes, the duration of the repellent effect is determined to be 30 minutes. The test is performed on three subjects, and the average duration of the repellent effect is calculated.
In this test, the concentration of a pest repellent that shows an average duration of repellent effect of 2 hours or more can be regarded as the effective concentration (effective amount) of that pest repellent.
In addition, since the composition of the present invention has a sustained repellent effect even without containing an effective amount of an existing pest repellent, it is preferable that the composition of the present invention does not substantially contain any pest repellent other than component (A). The content of pest repellent other than component (A) in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.5 mass% or less, more preferably 0.1 mass% or less, even more preferably 0.01 mass% or less, and even more preferably substantially 0 mass%.

Examples of existing pest repellents other than component (A) include known pest repellent compounds such as DEET, icaridin, dimethyl phthalate, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, p-menthane-3,8-diol, carane-3,4-diol, di-n-butyl succinate, hydroxyanisole, rotenone, 3-(acetylbutyl)aminopropionic acid ethyl ester, citronellol, eucalyptol, α-pinene, geraniol, citronellal, camphor, linalool, and 2-undecanone, as well as repellent essential oils such as citronella oil and lemongrass oil. "Repellent essential oil" refers to essential oils (essential oils) that have a pest repellent effect and are obtained by extracting, distilling, or squeezing components contained in plants.

The present invention can be applied to various composition forms, for example, non-aqueous compositions that do not contain water, water-in-oil compositions that contain water, or oil-in-water compositions. From the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect and improving the water resistance when the composition is applied to the skin, it is preferable to use a non-aqueous composition or a water-in-oil composition, and furthermore from the viewpoint of improving the feel when applied to the skin, it is more preferable to use a water-in-oil composition.

The composition of the present invention can be produced by a conventional method. For example, it can be produced by mixing components (A) and (B) and, if necessary, other components, and stirring them using a known device.

There are no particular limitations on the pests that the composition of the present invention can repel, but it is more effective against flying pests.
"Flying pests" refer to pests that approach humans and other animals while flying and suck blood from their skin, pests that transmit pathogenic bacteria while flying without sucking blood, and pests that cause discomfort to humans by flying themselves.
Specific examples of flying pests include mosquitoes such as Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex pipiens molestus, and Culex quinquefasciatus; mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles sinensis, Aedes togoi, Anopheles gambiae, and Anopheles stephensis; midges such as Chironomidae and Chironomidae akamusi; black flies such as Juniperus quinquefasciatus, Juniperus quinquefasciatus, and Juniperus acutus; house flies, Musca domestica, and Musca domestica. Flies such as house flies, little house flies, black flies, flesh flies, seed flies, onion flies, fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, moth flies, Chichewa flies, and stable flies; horse flies such as black flies, horse flies, deer flies, and spotted flies; midges such as Tokunaga black midge, Oshima midge, and chicken midge; and bees such as Japanese yellow hornets, Japanese paper wasps, and honeybees.
The composition of the present invention is particularly effective in providing a long-lasting repellent effect against mosquitoes, particularly Culex pipiens pallens, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes albopictus.

[Methods for repelling and suppressing pests]
The method for repelling pests of the present invention is carried out by applying the pest repellent composition of the present invention to the surface of human skin.
The method for inhibiting retention of pests of the present invention is to prevent pests from retaining on human skin by attaching the pest retention inhibiting composition of the present invention to the legs of pests, particularly flying pests. Hereinafter, these methods are collectively referred to as "methods of the present invention".

Here, "applying to the skin surface" includes not only directly applying the composition to the skin surface with the hands or the like, but also attaching the composition to the skin surface by spraying or the like.
The amount of the composition applied to the skin surface is preferably 0.1 mg or more, more preferably 0.2 mg or more, and even more preferably 0.25 mg or more per ¹ cm2 from the viewpoint of improving the sustained repellent effect against pests. The upper limit of the application amount is preferably 10 mg or less, more preferably 7 mg or less, and even more preferably 5 mg or less per ¹ cm2 from the viewpoint of suppressing stickiness and economic efficiency.

From the viewpoint of providing a repellent composition that has an excellent and sustained mosquito repellent effect, is safe, has excellent water resistance, and is also excellent in long-term storage stability, the composition of the present invention preferably is a water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition that contains the following components (A) to (C), with the content of pest repellents other than component (A) being 15 mass % or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) a film-forming polymer: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.

From the viewpoint of providing a repellent composition that has an excellent and sustained mosquito repellent effect, is safe, has excellent water resistance, and is also excellent in long-term storage stability, the composition of the present invention preferably is a water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition that contains the following components (A) to (C) and contains 15 mass % or less of a pest repellent other than component (A).
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.

From the viewpoint of providing a repellent composition that has an excellent long-lasting repellent effect against mosquitoes, is safe, has excellent water resistance, and is also excellent in long-term storage stability, the composition of the present invention is preferably a water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition that contains the following components (A) to (C), in which the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 15 or more and 60 or less, and the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15 mass % or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.

From the viewpoint of providing a repellent composition that has an excellent long-lasting repellent effect against mosquitoes, is safe, has excellent water resistance, and is also excellent in long-term storage stability, the composition of the present invention is preferably a water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition which contains the following components (A) to (D), in which the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 15 or more and 60 or less, the mass ratio of component (A) to component (C) [(A)/(C)] is 0.2 or more and 15 or less, and the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15 mass% or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, and hydrocarbon oils, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less; (D) surfactant: 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less. In the above composition, it is more preferable that component (D) is a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 8 or less.

The pest repelling method of the present invention is a method for repelling pests by preventing pests such as mosquitoes from remaining on the spot even if they land on an object to which the composition of the present invention has been applied or attached. Specifically, the method has a retention suppression effect of preventing pests such as mosquitoes from remaining on the surface of the animal's skin for a period of time after landing on the skin of an animal such as a human, such as for a period of time that allows them to insert their stingers, specifically, for example, for one second or more. This effect is based on a novel pest repelling principle, and is safe without side effects such as rough skin. In addition, since the composition of the present invention has excellent water resistance, according to the method of the present invention, the pest repellent effect and pest retention suppression effect are excellent in duration even after the composition is applied to the skin and then comes into contact with moisture such as water or sweat.

In relation to the above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention further discloses the following embodiments.
<1>
A pest repellent composition or a pest retention/inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) and (B), wherein the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 1 or more and 120 or less:
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less (B) a film-forming polymer: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less <2>
The composition according to <1>, wherein the mass ratio of the component (A) to the component (B) [(A)/(B)] is preferably 4 or more, more preferably 6 or more, even more preferably 15 or more, and is preferably 85 or less, more preferably 60 or less, even more preferably 30 or less.
＜3＞
The composition according to <1> or <2>, wherein the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15% by mass or less, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, even more preferably 4% by mass or less, still more preferably 3% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1% by mass or less.
＜4＞
The composition according to <3>, wherein the pest repellent other than the component (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of DEET, icaridin, 3-(acetylbutyl)aminopropionic acid ethyl ester, and citronella oil.
＜5＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the surface tension of component (A) at 25°C is 15 mN/m or more, preferably 17 mN/m or more, and 30 mN/m or less, preferably 28 mN/m or less, more preferably 25 mN/m or less, even more preferably 23 mN/m or less, and still more preferably 21 mN/m or less.
＜6＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the viscosity of component (A) at 23°C as measured with a B-type rotational viscometer is 1 mPa·s or more and 300 mPa·s or less, preferably 210 mPa·s or less, more preferably 100 mPa·s or less, even more preferably 60 mPa·s or less, still more preferably 40 mPa·s or less, and still more preferably 30 mPa·s or less.
＜７＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <6>, wherein the liquid oily component of component (A) is one or more oils selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, and hydrocarbon oils, preferably one or more oils selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, and ether oils, more preferably one or more oils selected from the group consisting of silicone oils and ester oils, and even more preferably silicone oils.
＜8＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <7>, wherein the content of the component (A) is 45% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 55% by mass or more, and is preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, and even more preferably 70% by mass or less.
＜9＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <8>, wherein component (B) is at least one selected from the group consisting of a silicone structure-containing polymer, a vinyl-based polymer, a urethane-based polymer, and a polysaccharide-based polymer, preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a silicone structure-containing polymer and a vinyl-based polymer, more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a silicone structure-containing polymer and a nonionic vinyl-based polymer, even more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a silicone-modified polynorbornene, a silicone-modified pullulan, a trimethylsiloxysilicate, a silicone structure-containing acrylic polymer, and a poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester, and even more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a silicone-modified polynorbornene, a silicone-modified pullulan, a trimethylsiloxysilicate, and a silicone structure-containing acrylic polymer.
＜10＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <9>, wherein the content of the component (B) is 0.7% by mass or more, preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, and is 10% by mass or less, preferably 4% by mass or less.

<11>
The composition according to any one of <1> to <10>, further comprising water as a component (C).
＜12＞
The composition according to <11>, wherein the content of the component (C) is 5% by mass or more, preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, and is 85% by mass or less, preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or less.
＜13＞
The composition according to <12>, which is a water-in-oil composition, and the content of the component (C) in the composition is 5 mass% or more, preferably 10 mass% or more, more preferably 15 mass% or more, and is 40 mass% or less, preferably 30 mass% or less, more preferably 25 mass% or less.
＜14＞
The composition according to any one of <11> to <13>, wherein the mass ratio of the component (A) to the component (C) [(A)/(C)] is 0.1 or more, preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, even more preferably 1 or more, still more preferably 2 or more, and is 20 or less, preferably 15 or less, more preferably 10 or less, even more preferably 5 or less, and still more preferably 3.5 or less.
＜15＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <14>, further comprising a surfactant as a component (D) in an amount of preferably 0.01 mass% or more, more preferably 0.05 mass% or more, even more preferably 0.1 mass% or more, and preferably 10 mass% or less, more preferably 5 mass% or less, even more preferably 3 mass% or less.
＜16＞
The composition according to <15>, wherein the component (D) is a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 8 or less, preferably 6 or less, more preferably 5.5 or less, and preferably 3 or more.
＜１７＞
The composition according to <16>, wherein the nonionic surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, alkyl alkanolamides, fatty acid alkanolamides, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, polyether-modified silicones, and glycerin-modified silicones, preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of polyether-modified silicones, more preferably linear polyoxyethylene-methylpolysiloxane copolymers, linear poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene)methylpolysiloxane copolymers, and modified products thereof.
＜18＞
The composition according to any one of <1> to <17>, further comprising a volatile oil as a component (E) in an amount of preferably 1 mass% or more, more preferably 5 mass% or more, even more preferably 10 mass% or more, and preferably 30 mass% or less, more preferably 25 mass% or less, even more preferably 20 mass% or less.
＜19＞
A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention and inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) to (C), in which the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15 mass% or less:
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) a film-forming polymer: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less <20>
A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention and inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) to (C), in which the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15 mass% or less:
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less.

＜21＞
A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) to (C), in which the mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 15 or more and 60 or less, and the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15 mass% or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, and hydrocarbon oils, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 5% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less <22>
A water-in-oil type mosquito repellent composition or mosquito retention inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) to (D): a mass ratio of component (A) to component (B) [(A)/(B)] is 15 or more and 60 or less, a mass ratio of component (A) to component (C) [(A)/(C)] is 0.2 or more and 15 or less, and the content of pest repellents other than component (A) is 15 mass% or less.
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, and hydrocarbon oils, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25° C. and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23° C. as measured by a B-type rotational viscometer: 50% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less; (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone-modified polynorbornene, silicone-modified pullulan, trimethylsiloxysilicate, silicone structure-containing acrylic polymers, and poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less; (C) water: 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less; (D) surfactant: 0.05% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less <23>
The composition according to <22>, wherein the component (D) is a nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 8 or less.
＜24＞
A method for repelling pests, comprising applying the composition according to any one of <1> to <23> to a human skin surface.
＜25＞
A method for inhibiting retention of a pest, comprising applying the composition according to any one of <1> to <23> to legs of a pest to prevent the pest from retaining on human skin.

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. In the examples, various measurements and evaluations were performed by the following methods.

(Surface tension of liquid oily component)
The surface tension of the liquid oily component was measured by static surface tension measurement at 25° C. using an automatic surface tensiometer “Tensiometer K100” (KRUSS) by the Wilhelmy method using a platinum plate.

(Viscosity of Liquid Oily Component)
A Viscometer TVB-10 manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd. was used as a B-type rotational viscometer according to JIS K7117-1:1999. The viscosity values of the components to be measured vary greatly for each sample, so it is difficult to accurately measure all of them under one set of measurement conditions. Therefore, measurements were performed using two types of rotors. The viscosity was first measured using rotor M2 at a rotation speed of 12 rpm in a 23°C environment. At this time, components with a viscosity of 2500 mPa·s or more were measured again at a rotation speed of 6 rpm to obtain the viscosity value.
On the other hand, the components having a viscosity of 20 mPa·s or less were measured again using an L adapter, which is a rotor for low viscosity, at a rotation speed of 30 rpm in a 23° C. environment to obtain viscosity values.

(Evaluation of sustained repellent effect against pests)
(I) Preparation of Aedes albopictus The Aedes albopictus mosquitoes used were prepared by rearing Aedes albopictus eggs purchased from Sumitomo Technoservice Co., Ltd. in a cage under conditions of 27° C. and a relative humidity (RH) of 60% and allowing them to grow into adults.
A transparent plastic pan was filled with water to a depth of about 1 cm, and the filter paper on which the purchased eggs were laid was placed in the pan, and the pupae were allowed to hatch. The hatched pupae were then fed tropical fish food (Tetramine) daily as larval food. After one week, the pupae were collected with a dropper, transferred to a 20 mL plastic cup, and transferred to a cage covered with a net. The pupae were fed 10% by mass sucrose in a 25 mL plastic tube as adult food. After emergence, males and females were reared in the same cage for 5 days to allow mating. After 5 days of rearing, the adults were collected using an aspirator, anesthetized on ice for 5 minutes, and then separated into males and females under visual observation, and only the females were collected and used for evaluation.

(II) Measurement of Repellent Effect Duration Approximately 100 female Asian tiger mosquitoes were transferred to a plastic cage (30 x 30 x 30 cm) and the test was carried out under conditions of 27°C and 60% relative humidity (RH). A hole of 4 x 5 cm was made in the forearm part of a rubber glove large enough to cover the subject's arm, and the composition of each example was uniformly applied to give a concentration of 2 mg/ ^cm2 .
Then, to activate the Asian tiger mosquitoes, the breath was blown into the plastic cage for 5 seconds. The test was performed by placing the forearm immediately after applying the composition into the plastic cage, exposing the Asian tiger mosquitoes for 2 minutes, and counting the number of mosquitoes that stayed on the cage.
The test was terminated when the subject stayed on the surface twice in total, and the subject was exposed for 2 minutes every 30 minutes until the end of the test. If the subject stayed on the surface twice during the 30th minute of exposure, the duration of the repellent effect was determined to be 0 minutes, and if the subject stayed on the surface twice during the 60th minute of exposure, the duration of the repellent effect was determined to be 30 minutes. The test was performed on three subjects, and the average duration of the repellent effect was calculated.

(Measurement of duration of repellent effect after exposure to water flow (water resistance evaluation))
The composition of each example was applied evenly to the forearm of each subject (area of 6 x 6 cm) to give a concentration of 2 mg/ ^cm2 .
The forearm is immersed in a water bath (29°C) that can generate water flow with a propeller (150 rpm), and exposed to water flow for 60 minutes.After air drying, the forearm is inserted into a rubber glove with a hole of 4 x 5 cm.Then, in order to activate Aedes albopictus, breath is blown into a plastic cage for 5 seconds.The test is carried out by putting the forearm that has been applied with the composition into a plastic cage, exposing it to Aedes albopictus for 2 minutes, and counting the number of stops.
The test was terminated when the subject had stayed in the room a total of two times, and exposure was continued for 2 minutes every 30 minutes until the end of the test.
If the second stop occurred during the 30th minute of exposure, the duration of the repellent effect was judged to be 0 minutes, and if the second stop occurred during the 60th minute of exposure, the duration of the repellent effect was judged to be 30 minutes. The test was performed on three subjects, and the average duration of the repellent effect was calculated.

(Evaluation of Long-Term Storage Stability)
80 mL of each composition was placed in a 100 mL glass bottle, sealed, and stored at 50° C. for one month. Then, the presence or absence of separation of the oil phase in the composition was visually confirmed and ranked according to the following criteria.
A: No change.
B: Slight separation of the oil phase is observed.
C: Clear separation of the oil phase is observed.

Examples 1 to 31 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 (Production and Evaluation of Compositions)
The components shown in Table 1 were mixed in the amounts shown in Tables 2 to 5, and the mixture was stirred for 2 minutes at 8,000 rpm using a T.K. ROBOMIX (Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) with a T.K. Homomixer MARKII2.5 type mixer instead of the mixing section, to obtain a water-in-oil composition for each example. The designations (A) to (E) in the table correspond to the components (A) to (E) in this specification, respectively, and the designation (a) corresponds to a liquid oily component outside the range of the component (A) in this specification. The amounts listed in Tables 2 to 5 are the amount of active ingredient (mass%) of each component. The obtained compositions were used to carry out various evaluations using the above-mentioned methods. The results are shown in Tables 2 to 5.

From Tables 2 to 5, it can be seen that the composition of the present invention containing the specified amounts of components (A) and (B) has a long-lasting repellent effect, and the repellent effect lasts for a long time even after exposure to a water flow, making it excellent in water resistance. It can also be seen that the composition has good long-term storage stability.

The present invention can provide a pest repellent composition, a pest retention suppression composition, a pest repellent method, and a pest retention suppression method that are excellent in long-lasting repellent effect against pests, particularly flying pests, are safe, have excellent water resistance, and are suitable for application to the skin.

Claims (4)

A pest repellent composition comprising the following components (A) and (B):
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 23°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone structure-containing polymers and vinyl polymers: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less A pest retention and inhibition composition comprising the following components (A) and (B):
(A) one or more non-volatile liquid oily components selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, hydrocarbon oils, aliphatic alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols, each having a surface tension of 40 mN/m or less at 25°C and a viscosity of 400 mPa·s or less at 25°C measured with a B-type rotational viscometer: 40% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less (B) one or more film-forming polymers selected from the group consisting of silicone structure-containing polymers and vinyl polymers: 0.5% by mass or more and 15% by mass or less The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component (A) is one or more oils selected from the group consisting of silicone oils, ester oils, ether oils, and hydrocarbon oils. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising water as component (C).