JP7471986B2 - Slag melting burner device, gasification furnace, combined gasification power generation facility, and method for controlling the slag melting burner device - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a slag melting burner device, a gasification furnace and integrated gasification power generation facility, and a method for controlling the slag melting burner device.

Conventionally, a carbon-containing fuel gasification facility (coal gasification facility) has been known as a gasification furnace, in which a carbon-containing solid fuel such as coal is supplied into the gasification furnace and partially combusted to gasify the carbon-containing solid fuel, thereby producing a combustible gas.

In gasifiers that use coal (pulverized coal) as a carbon-containing solid fuel, the pulverized coal is burned at high temperatures to produce a combustible gas, and the high-temperature flame melts the ash in the pulverized coal to produce slag, which flows down and is discharged from the slag hole into the slag hopper. When the slag running along the furnace wall near the slag hole is cooled by the heat transfer tubes that make up the furnace wall and have cooling water flowing through them, and the temperature drops, depending on the properties of the coal and the atmosphere inside the gasifier, the molten slag may solidify and block the slag hole. In this case, it may become difficult to continue operating the gasifier.

For this reason, in order to heat and melt the slag that has solidified near the slag hole, a slag melting burner that sprays a flame toward the slag hole side is sometimes provided in the gasification furnace.
This slag melting burner, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, is configured to be movable back and forth horizontally, and when heating the solidified slag, the tip of the slag melting burner can be moved from the furnace wall side toward the central axis side of the slag hole (injection position).

However, when the slag melted by the high-temperature flame flows down the furnace wall and hangs down from the slag hole, forming a solidified icicle-like slag lump, the slag lump may be located opposite the tip of the slag melting burner at the injection position (specifically, right in front of the tip of the burner in the direction of the flame injection). If a flame is injected in this state, the flame injected from the slag melting burner will be repelled by the slag lump, and the tip of the slag melting burner may heat up excessively due to its own flame, resulting in damage.

For this reason, in the slag melting burner of Patent Document 1, the distance between the tip of the slag melting burner and the slag lump is grasped and adjusted before the slag melting burner is ignited.

Japanese Patent No. 6202524

However, when the configuration of Patent Document 1 is adopted, depending on the direction of the flame injection and the position of the slag melting burner, the flame may reach not only the slag lump but also the furnace wall (heat transfer tube) that constitutes the slag hole, causing damage to the heat transfer tube.

The present disclosure has been made in consideration of these circumstances, and aims to provide a slag melting burner device, a gasification furnace and gasification combined cycle power generation facility, and a method for controlling a slag melting burner device that can reduce the possibility of the tip being damaged by its own flame without adjusting the position of the slag melting burner based on its position relative to the slag lump.

In order to solve the above problems, the slag melting burner device, gasification furnace and gasification combined cycle power generation facility, and control method for the slag melting burner device disclosed herein employ the following means.
In other words, a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a slag melting burner device used in a gasification furnace which partially burns and gasifies carbon-containing solid fuel, and is equipped with a slag melting burner that sprays a flame from its tip toward the slag solidified in the gasification furnace, a heat reception calculation unit that calculates the amount of heat received by the tip, and a combustion amount determination unit that determines the amount of combustion of the flame based on information from the heat reception calculation unit.

In addition, a gasification furnace according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is equipped with the above-mentioned slag melting burner device.

In addition, a gasification combined cycle power generation facility according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is equipped with the above-mentioned gasification furnace.

In addition, a control method for a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a control method for a slag melting burner device equipped with a slag melting burner that sprays a flame from a tip toward slag solidified in a gasification furnace, and determines the amount of combustion of the flame based on the amount of heat received by the tip.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a slag melting burner device, a gasification furnace and gasification combined cycle power generation facility, and a control method for a slag melting burner device that can reduce the possibility of the tip being damaged by its own flame without adjusting the position of the slag melting burner based on its position relative to the slag lump.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the gasification furnace shown in FIG. 1. This is an enlarged partial view of the vicinity of the slag melting burner when no slag lumps have been formed. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the slag melting burner in the state where slag lumps have been formed (when not ignited). FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the slag melting burner when slag lumps have been formed (at ignition). FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the burner tip of a slag melting burner. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the control flow of a slag melting burner device. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the slag melting burner in the state where slag lumps have been formed (when not ignited). FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the slag melting burner when slag lumps have been formed (at ignition). 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the operating load of a slag melting burner and the temperature of the burner tip.

[About the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility]
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility (gasification combined cycle power generation facility) 10 to which a gasification furnace 101 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the gasification furnace 101 shown in Fig. 1.
In the following explanation, "upper" refers to the vertically upper direction, and "upper" in terms such as upper part and upper surface refers to the vertically upper part. Similarly, "lower" refers to the vertically lower part, and the vertical direction is not precise and may include errors.

The integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) 10 to which the gasifier 101 according to this embodiment is applied uses air as the main oxidizing agent, and employs an air combustion method in which the gasifier 101 produces combustible gas (produced gas) from fuel. The integrated coal gasification combined cycle 10 refines the produced gas produced in the gasifier 101 in the gas refinery 16 to produce fuel gas, which is then supplied to the gas turbine 17 to generate power. That is, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle 10 according to embodiment 1 is an air combustion type (air-blown) power generation facility. Note that, although the air combustion type is described in this embodiment, the oxygen combustion type (oxygen-blown) may also be used. For example, a carbon-containing solid fuel such as coal is used as the fuel supplied to the gasifier 101.

As shown in FIG. 1, the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power plant (integrated gasification combined cycle power plant) 10 includes a coal supply system 11, a gasifier 101, a char recovery system 15, a gas purification system 16, a gas turbine 17, a steam turbine 18, a generator 19, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 20.

The coal supply facility 11 is supplied with coal, a carbon-containing solid fuel, as raw coal, and produces pulverized coal by pulverizing the coal using a coal mill (not shown) or the like. The pulverized coal produced by the coal supply facility 11 is pressurized at the outlet of the coal supply line 11a with nitrogen gas as a transport inert gas supplied from the air separation facility 42 described below, and is supplied to the gasification furnace 101. An inert gas is an inert gas with an oxygen content of about 5% by volume or less, and typical examples include nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and argon gas, but is not necessarily limited to about 5% by volume or less.

The gasifier 101 is supplied with pulverized coal produced by the coal supply facility 11, and also with char (unreacted coal and ash) recovered by the char recovery facility 15 for the purpose of reusing it as energy.

In addition, the gasification furnace 101 is connected to a compressed air supply line 41 from the gas turbine 17 (compressor 61), and a portion of the compressed air compressed by the gas turbine 17 is boosted to a predetermined pressure by a booster 68 and can be supplied to the gasification furnace 101. The air separation equipment 42 separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from air in the atmosphere, and after the air separation equipment 42 and the coal supply line 11a from the coal supply equipment 11 are connected by a first nitrogen supply line 43, they are connected to the gasification furnace 101 as a fuel supply line 12. In addition, the second nitrogen supply line 45 branching from the first nitrogen supply line 43 is also connected to the gasification furnace 101 as a char supply line 13 after the char return line 46 from the char recovery equipment 15 is connected. Furthermore, the air separation equipment 42 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41 by an oxygen supply line 47. The nitrogen separated by the air separation equipment 42 is used as a carrier gas for coal and char by circulating through the first nitrogen supply line 43 and the second nitrogen supply line 45. In addition, the oxygen separated by the air separation equipment 42 is used as an oxidizing agent (air, oxygen) in the gasification furnace 101 by circulating through the oxygen supply line 47 and the compressed air supply line 41.

The gasifier 101 is, for example, configured as a two-stage entrained bed type, and the coal (pulverized coal) and char supplied inside are partially burned with an oxidizing agent (air, oxygen) to gasify them into generated gas. The gasifier 101 is provided with a foreign matter removal facility 48 that discharges coal, ash (coal ash), and the like to the outside. A first generated gas line 49 that supplies generated gas toward the char recovery facility 15 is connected to the gasifier 101, and the generated gas containing char can be discharged. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, a syngas cooler 102 (gas cooler) may be provided in the first generated gas line 49 to cool the generated gas to a predetermined temperature before supplying it to the char recovery facility 15.

The char recovery facility 15 includes a dust collector 51 and a supply hopper 52. In this case, the dust collector 51 is composed of one or more cyclones or porous filters, and can separate the char contained in the generated gas generated in the gasifier 101. The generated gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification facility 16 through a second generated gas line 53. The supply hopper 52 stores the char separated from the generated gas by the dust collector 51. Note that a bin may be disposed between the dust collector 51 and the supply hopper 52, and multiple supply hoppers 52 may be connected to this bin. The char return line 46 from the supply hopper 52 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45.

The gas purification equipment 16 purifies the generated gas from which char has been separated by the char recovery equipment 15 by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds. The gas purification equipment 16 then purifies the generated gas to produce fuel gas, which is supplied to a gas turbine 17. Since the generated gas from which char has been separated contains sulfur compounds (such as _H2S ), the gas purification equipment 16 removes and recovers the sulfur compounds using an amine absorption liquid or the like, and effectively utilizes the sulfur compounds as gypsum or the like.

The gas turbine 17 includes a compressor 61, a combustor 62, and a turbine 63, and the compressor 61 and the turbine 63 are connected by a rotating shaft 64. The combustor 62 is connected to a compressed air supply line 65 from the compressor 61, a fuel gas supply line 66 from the gas purification equipment 16, and a combustion gas supply line 67 extending toward the turbine 63. The gas turbine 17 is also provided with a compressed air supply line 41 extending from the compressor 61 to the gasification furnace 101, and a booster 68 is provided in the middle. Therefore, in the combustor 62, a part of the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and at least a part of the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification equipment 16 are mixed and combusted to generate combustion gas, and the generated combustion gas is supplied to the turbine 63. The turbine 63 rotates the rotating shaft 64 with the supplied combustion gas, thereby rotating the generator 19.

The steam turbine 18 has a turbine 69 connected to the rotating shaft 64 of the gas turbine 17, and the generator 19 is connected to the base end of this rotating shaft 64. Note that the steam turbine 18 and the gas turbine 17 do not have to be on the same shaft to rotate and drive one generator 19, but may be on different shafts to rotate and drive multiple generators. The exhaust gas boiler 20 is connected to an exhaust gas line 70 from the gas turbine 17 (turbine 63), and generates steam by exchanging heat between the water supplied to the exhaust gas boiler 20 and the exhaust gas from the turbine 63.

The heat recovery boiler 20 is provided with a steam supply line 71 between it and the turbine 69 of the steam turbine 18, and a water supply line 72, and a condenser 73 is provided on the water supply line 72. The steam generated in the heat recovery boiler 20 may include steam generated by heat exchange with the generated gas in the syngas cooler 102 of the gasifier 101. Therefore, in the steam turbine 18, the turbine 69 is driven to rotate by the steam supplied from the heat recovery boiler 20, which rotates the rotating shaft 64 to drive the generator 19. An exhaust gas purification system 74 is provided from the outlet of the heat recovery boiler 20 to the chimney 75.

Here, the operation of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10 of this embodiment will be described.
In the integrated coal gasification combined cycle power generation facility 10 of this embodiment, when raw coal (coal) is supplied to the coal feeding facility 11, the coal is pulverized into fine particles in the coal feeding facility 11 to become pulverized coal. The pulverized coal produced in the coal feeding facility 11 is supplied to the gasifier 101 through the fuel supply line 12 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation facility 42 through a first nitrogen supply line 43.

The char recovered in the char recovery facility 15 (described later) is supplied to the gasifier 101 through the char supply line 13 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation facility 42 through the second nitrogen supply line 45. The compressed air extracted from the gas turbine 17 (described later) is boosted by the booster 68 and then supplied to the gasifier 101 through the compressed air supply line 41 together with oxygen supplied from the air separation facility 42.

In the gasifier 101, the supplied pulverized coal and char are combusted with compressed air (oxygen), and the pulverized coal and char are gasified to generate generated gas. This generated gas is then discharged from the gasifier 101 through the first generated gas line 49 and sent to the char recovery facility 15.

In this char recovery facility 15, the generated gas is first supplied to a dust collector 51, which separates the fine char contained in the generated gas. The generated gas from which the char has been separated is then sent to the gas purification facility 16 via a second generated gas line 53. Meanwhile, the fine char separated from the generated gas is piled up in a supply hopper 52 and returned to the gasifier 101 via a char return line 46 for recycling.

The generated gas from which the char has been separated by the char recovery equipment 15 is refined in the gas purification equipment 16 to remove impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds, and fuel gas is produced. The compressor 61 generates compressed air and supplies it to the combustor 62. The combustor 62 generates combustion gas by combusting the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification equipment 16. The combustion gas rotates the turbine 63, which then rotates the compressor 61 and the generator 19 via the rotating shaft 64. In this way, the gas turbine 17 can generate electricity.

The heat recovery boiler 20 generates steam by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 63 in the gas turbine 17 and the water supplied to the heat recovery boiler 20, and supplies this generated steam to the steam turbine 18. In the steam turbine 18, the steam supplied from the heat recovery boiler 20 drives the turbine 69 to rotate, thereby driving the generator 19 via the rotating shaft 64, thereby generating electricity. Note that the gas turbine 17 and the steam turbine 18 do not have to be on the same shaft to drive a single generator 19, and may be on separate shafts to drive multiple generators.

Then, in the exhaust gas purification equipment 74, harmful substances are removed from the exhaust gas discharged from the heat recovery boiler 20, and the purified exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere through the chimney 75.

[About the gasification furnace]
Next, the gasification furnace 101 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The gasifier 101 is formed to extend in the vertical direction, and pulverized coal and oxygen are supplied to the lower side in the vertical direction, and the generated gas that is partially combusted and gasified flows from the lower side to the upper side in the vertical direction. The gasifier 101 has a pressure vessel 110 and a gasifier wall (furnace wall) 111 provided inside the pressure vessel 110.

The gasifier 101 forms an annulus section 115 in the space between the pressure vessel 110 and the gasifier wall 111. The gasifier 101 also forms a combustor section 116, a diffuser section 117, and a reductor section 118 in the internal space 154 of the gasifier wall 111, in that order from the lower side in the vertical direction (i.e., the upstream side in the flow direction of the generated gas).

The pressure vessel 110 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a hollow space inside, with a gas exhaust port 121 formed at the upper end and a slag hopper 122 formed at the lower end (bottom). The gasification furnace wall 111 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a hollow space inside, with its outer wall surface facing the inner wall surface of the pressure vessel 110.

The gasification furnace wall 111 separates the inside of the pressure vessel 110 into an internal space 154 and an external space (annulus section 115). The cross-sectional shape of the gasification furnace wall 111 changes at the diffuser section 117 between the combustor section 116 and the reductor section 118. The upper end of the gasification furnace wall 111, which is the vertically upper side, is connected to the gas exhaust port 121 of the pressure vessel 110, and the lower end, which is the vertically lower side, is provided with a gap between it and the bottom of the pressure vessel 110. The slag hopper 122 formed at the bottom of the pressure vessel 110 stores stored water, and the lower end of the gasification furnace wall 111 is submerged in the stored water, sealing the inside and outside of the gasification furnace wall 111. Various burners are inserted into the gasification furnace wall 111, and a syngas cooler 102 is arranged in the internal space 154.

The annulus 115 is a space formed inside the pressure vessel 110 and outside the gasification furnace wall 111, and nitrogen, an inert gas separated by the air separation equipment 42, is supplied through a nitrogen supply line (not shown). Therefore, the annulus 115 becomes a space filled with nitrogen. In addition, an in-furnace pressure equalizing pipe (not shown) for equalizing the pressure inside the gasification furnace 101 is provided near the vertical upper part of the annulus 115. The in-furnace pressure equalizing pipe is provided to communicate the inside and outside of the gasification furnace wall 111, and approximately equalizes the pressure difference between the internal space 154 (combustor section 116, diffuser section 117, and reductor section 118) of the pressure vessel 110 and the external space (annulus section 115) so that it is within a predetermined pressure range.

In this embodiment, the combustor section 116 is provided with, for example, a plurality of char burners 125 and a plurality of combustor-based pulverized coal burners (burners) 126 arranged in order from the upper side of the furnace on the gasification furnace wall 111 in the combustor section 116, and a combustion device consisting of a plurality of slag melting burners 210, an ignition torch 129, and a light oil burner 130 is arranged in the startup combustion chamber 119 below the combustor. The slag melting burner 210 is for melting the generated solidified slag (slag S) (see FIG. 4). The tip of the slag melting burner 210 is used to melt and remove the solidified slag S. The configuration and control method of the slag melting burner 210 and the slag melting burner device equipped with it will be described later. The plurality of ignition torches 129 and the light oil burner 130 are used to start up the gasification furnace 101. The high-temperature combustion gas produced by burning a portion of the pulverized coal and char in the combustor section 116 passes through the diffuser section 117 and flows into the reductor section 118. The high-temperature combustion gas produced by burning a portion of the pulverized coal and char in the combustor section 116 passes through the diffuser section 117 and flows into the reductor section 118.

The reductor section 118 is a space that is maintained at a high temperature required for the gasification reaction, where pulverized coal is supplied to the combustion gas from the combustor section 116 and partially oxidized and burned, gasifying and decomposing the pulverized coal to produce a product gas that is a volatile matter (carbon monoxide, hydrogen, low hydrocarbons, etc.), and a combustion device consisting of multiple reductor-based pulverized coal burners (burners) 127 is arranged on the gasification furnace wall 111 in the reductor section 118.

The syngas cooler 102 is provided inside the gasifier wall 111 and is provided vertically above the burner 127 of the reductor section 118. The syngas cooler 102 is a heat exchanger, and an evaporator 131, a superheater 132, and a coal economizer 134 are arranged in this order from the vertically lower side of the gasifier wall 111 (upstream side in the flow direction of the generated gas). These syngas coolers 102 cool the generated gas by exchanging heat with the generated gas generated in the reductor section 118. In addition, the evaporator 131, the superheater 132, and the coal economizer 134 are not limited to the numbers shown in the figure.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned gasification furnace 101 will be described.
The gasifier 101 is ignited by supplying an oxidizer and fuel from a plurality of ignition torches 129 and a diesel burner 130. Then, high-temperature combustion gas is generated in the startup combustion chamber (not shown), and the combustor section 116 is heated to a predetermined temperature at which pulverized coal and char can be combusted.

In the gasifier 101, nitrogen and pulverized coal are fed and ignited by the burner 127 of the reductor section 118, and pulverized coal, char, and compressed air (oxygen) are fed and ignited by the char burner 125 and burner 126 of the combustor section 116. Then, in the combustor section 116, high-temperature combustion gas is generated by the combustion of the pulverized coal and char. In the combustor section 116, ash is melted in the high-temperature gas by the combustion of the pulverized coal and char, and slag is generated. The slag flows down the gasifier wall 111, passes through the slag hole H provided at the bottom of the combustor section 116, and is finally discharged to the water storage in the slag hopper 122. The high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustor section 116 rises to the reductor section 118 through the diffuser section 117. In the reductor section 118, the high temperature required for the gasification reaction is maintained, the pulverized coal is mixed with the high-temperature combustion gas, and the gasification reaction is carried out by partially burning the pulverized coal in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere, generating a product gas. The gasified product gas flows vertically from the lower side to the upper side. In addition, the pulverized coal and char are ignited, the gasification reaction begins, and stable operation is ensured by the self-ignition of the pulverized coal and char, after which the ignition torch 129 and the light oil burner 130 are extinguished.

[Overview of the slag melting burner device]
Next, an outline of a slag melting burner device equipped with the slag melting burner 210 shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3 , the slag melting burner device includes a slag melting burner 210 and a control unit 250 .

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the slag melting burner 210 can inject a flame from the burner tip 214 toward the slag hole H with the burner tip 214 positioned inside the startup combustion chamber 119.

As shown in FIG. 3, the slag melting burner 210 is configured to be movable forward and backward relative to the gasification furnace 101, and when solidified slag S is not formed near the slag hole H, i.e., when the slag melting burner 210 is not in use, the slag melting burner 210 is withdrawn toward the furnace wall 111. This prevents the slag melting burner 210 from being exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere when not in use. In this explanation, the position of the slag melting burner 210 when withdrawn toward the furnace wall 111 is referred to as the "retracted position."

As shown in FIG. 4, solidified slag S (slag lumps) may form near the slag hole H (specifically, near the lower end of the furnace wall 111A that forms the slag hole H) in a hanging icicle-like state. When the formation of slag S is confirmed, the slag melting burner 210 is moved horizontally toward the central axis of the slag hole H (the central axis of the startup combustion chamber 119). In this explanation, the position of the slag melting burner 210 when moved to the central axis of the slag hole H is referred to as the "injection position."

Methods for checking the formation status of slag S include, for example, visual checking through a viewing window provided in the gasification furnace 101, checking with a camera, detection with a sensor, etc. However, the method is not limited to these, and any method capable of checking the formation status of slag S can be adopted.

As shown in FIG. 5, the slag melting burner 210, which has been moved to the injection position, injects a flame from the front surface 214A of the burner tip 214 toward the slag S. This heats and melts the solidified slag S, allowing the entire slag S to be removed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 250 includes a heat reception calculation unit 252 and a combustion amount determination unit 254.

The control unit 250 and the like are composed of, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a computer-readable storage medium.
As an example, a series of processes for realizing various functions is stored in the form of a program in a storage medium, etc., and the various functions are realized by the CPU reading this program into a RAM, etc., and executing information processing and arithmetic operations.
The program may be pre-installed in a ROM or other storage medium, provided in a state stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or distributed via wired or wireless communication means.
The computer-readable storage medium includes a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, and the like.

The heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 calculates the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 of the slag melting burner 210. The combustion amount determination unit 254 is configured to be able to communicate with the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252, and determines the amount of combustion of the flame based on the information output by the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252.

[Details of the slag melting burner device]
Next, the slag melting burner device will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 6 , the slag melting burner 210 according to this embodiment has a burner body 212 , a burner tip 214 , and a supply pipe 230 .

The burner body 212 has an outer cylinder 212A and an inner cylinder 212B, and has a multi-cylinder structure extending in a predetermined direction. A burner tip 214 is attached to the tip of the burner body 212 in the extension direction (the left end in the same figure).

A supply pipe 230 is provided inside the inner cylinder 212B of the burner body 212, and extends in the same direction as the burner body 212. The supply pipe 230 is supplied with fuel (e.g., natural gas) and oxidizer (e.g., oxygen) for forming a flame. The tip of the supply pipe 230 is connected to the back surface 214B of the burner tip 214.

The burner tip 214 has a flow passage FP formed therein, which is connected to the supply pipe 230 and ejects fuel and oxidizer (oxygen). The flow passage FP is a flow passage that connects the front surface 214A and the back surface 214B of the burner tip 214, and is also a flow passage that connects to the supply pipe 230. The fuel and oxidizer supplied to the supply pipe 230 are ejected from the front surface 214A of the burner tip 214 via the flow passage FP. In addition, the flame ejected from the burner tip 214 is formed by igniting the combustible mixture of the injected fuel and oxidizer.

The amount of combustion of the flame (flame strength) is adjusted by adjusting the flow rate and ratio of the fuel and/or oxidizer being supplied. The flow rate of the fuel and/or oxidizer is adjusted, for example, by the opening of a flow control valve (not shown) provided in the supply pipe 230. The flow control valve is configured to be able to communicate with and control the combustion amount determination unit 254, and the opening of the flow control valve is set to a predetermined opening determined by the combustion amount determination unit 254.

The front surface 214A of the burner tip 214 is formed so as to be inclined toward the slag hole H (see FIG. 4). The flow passage FP is inclined so that a portion of the front surface 214A is approximately perpendicular to the front surface 214A. This allows the direction of the flame ejected from the burner tip 214 to be directed toward the slag hole H.

A recess 214C is formed on the back surface 214B of the burner tip 214, recessed toward the front surface 214A, which, together with the outer cylinder 212A and inner cylinder 212B of the burner body 212, defines a cooling flow passage CP that is approximately U-shaped in the cross-sectional view shown in Figure 6. Cooling water W can be circulated through the cooling flow passage CP. This allows the slag melting burner 210 (particularly the burner tip 214) to be cooled.

A temperature measuring device 240 is provided on the back surface 214B of the burner tip 214, and is configured to measure the temperature of the burner tip 214. The temperature measuring device 240 is configured to be able to communicate with the heat reception calculation unit 252, and the heat reception calculation unit 252 calculates the temperature of the burner tip 214 based on the information output from the temperature measuring device 240.

The temperature measuring device 240 is provided, for example, in a recess 214C formed in the back surface 214B of the burner tip 214. In this case, it is particularly preferable to provide the temperature measuring device 240 in the upper recess 214C close to the flame. However, the installation location and number of the temperature measuring device 240 are not limited to this, and the optimal installation location and number can be selected according to the specifications and shape of the burner tip 214.
The temperature measuring device 240 is, for example, a thermocouple. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any device or method capable of measuring temperature can be used, such as a non-contact measuring device using laser light or infrared rays, or temperature measurement using image processing.

The burner tip 214 is formed, for example, from a nickel-based alloy that has excellent heat resistance and corrosion resistance. The burner tip 214 may be produced by a metal 3D printer. This makes it possible to easily form parts that require dimensional accuracy, such as the flow path FP and the recess 214C, and improves the accuracy of temperature measurement of the tip of the burner tip 214 by the temperature measuring device 240, and improves the accuracy of calculation of the amount of heat received by improving the cooling effect of the cooling water W.

[Regarding control of flame combustion amount]
In the slag melting burner device configured in this manner, when the formation of slag S is confirmed, the slag melting burner 210 is moved to an appropriate injection position and then ignited to inject a flame.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, if the icicle-shaped slag S is positioned opposite the burner tip 214 of the slag melting burner 210 that has moved to the injection position (specifically, directly in front of the burner tip 214 in the direction of flame injection (in front of and near the front surface 214A)), the burner tip 214 will heat up excessively due to its own flame being bounced off the slag S, as shown in FIG. 9.

In this embodiment, in order to detect and suppress an abnormal rise in temperature of the burner tip 214 after the flame is ejected, the following control is executed.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 is monitored by the control unit 250 and the amount of heat received calculation unit 252 (step S1).

The control unit 250 determines whether slag S is formed in front of the burner tip 214 by determining whether the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 (the value calculated by the heat amount calculation unit 252) is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount of heat received (the amount of heat received assumed at the time of design; hereinafter referred to as the "predetermined value") (step S2).

Specifically, when the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the control unit 250 determines that slag S that will repel the burner tip's own flame has been formed. Conversely, when the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 is less than the predetermined value, the control unit 250 determines that slag S that will repel the burner tip's own flame has not been formed.

If the control unit 250 determines that the amount of heat received calculated by the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 is less than a predetermined value and that slag S has not been formed in front of the burner tip 214 (indicated as "NO" in step S2 of FIG. 7), the amount of flame combustion is not changed.

When the heat amount calculated by the heat amount calculation unit 252 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value and the control unit 250 determines that slag S is being formed in front of the burner tip 214 (indicated as "YES" in step S2 of FIG. 7), that information is sent to the combustion amount determination unit 254.

When it is determined that slag S is formed in front of the burner tip 214, the combustion amount determination unit 254 determines a combustion amount such that the combustion amount of the flame is reduced.
As described above, a flow rate control valve (not shown) is provided in the supply pipe 230, and the amount of combustion of the flame is adjusted by the opening degree of the flow rate control valve. The combustion amount determination unit 254 sets the opening degree of the flow rate control valve so that the amount of combustion of the flame is adjusted to the determined amount of combustion of the flame.
It is also possible to determine the amount of combustion of the flame directly from the value measured by the temperature measuring device 240 without calculating the amount of received heat.

The slag melting burner 210 melts the slag S in front of the burner tip 214 with the amount of flame combustion reduced (step S3). This reduces the amount of flame rebounding to the burner tip 214. This allows the temperature of the burner tip 214, which has abnormally risen in temperature, to be reduced.
For example, as shown in the graph of FIG. 10, when the operating load (flame combustion amount) of the slag melting burner 210 is reduced from 100% to 50%, the temperature of the burner tip 214 decreases by about 12%.

By continuing to spray the flame in this state, it is possible to melt at least the slag in front of the burner tip 214 while suppressing abnormal temperature rise. After that, the control unit 250 checks whether the amount of heat received calculated by the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 is less than a predetermined value (step S4).

If the amount of heat received calculated by the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 is less than the predetermined value (indicated as "YES" in step S4 of FIG. 7), the control unit 250 determines that the slag S has been removed at least from directly in front of the burner tip 214.

If the control unit 250 determines that the slag S has been removed from in front of the burner tip 214, the combustion amount determination unit 254 adjusts the combustion amount of the flame (e.g., returns it to the original combustion amount) to continue melting the slag S (step S5).
When the slag S is removed from in front of the burner tip 214, the distance between the slag S and the burner tip 214 is maintained, so that even if the amount of flame combustion is restored (i.e., increased), excessive heating of the burner tip 214 is suppressed.

If the amount of heat received calculated by the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 is not less than the predetermined value (indicated as "NO" in step S4 of FIG. 7), the process returns to step S3 and the flame injection continues.

In addition, if it is determined that the slag S has been removed from in front of the burner tip 214 and no slag S is found remaining in the slag hole H, the operation of the slag melting burner 210 may be stopped.

Methods for checking whether slag S is retained in the slag hole H include, for example, visual checking through a viewing window provided in the gasification furnace 101, checking with a camera, detection with a sensor, etc. However, the method is not limited to these, and any method capable of checking the formation status of slag S can be adopted.
In addition, it may be confirmed by the above-mentioned method whether or not the slag S has been removed from in front of the burner tip 214.

After the flame combustion amount is returned to in step S5, the process returns to step S1 and the same control is repeated.

If, during any of steps S1 to S5, the entire slag S is removed and no slag S is found remaining in the slag hole H, the injection and supply of fuel and oxidizer is stopped and the slag melting burner 210 is withdrawn to the retracted position.

According to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
The slag melting burner device includes a slag melting burner 210 that injects a flame from a burner tip 214 toward the slag S solidified in the gasification furnace 101, a heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 that calculates the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214, and a combustion amount determination unit 254 that determines the amount of combustion of the flame based on information from the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252. Therefore, the amount of combustion of the flame can be adjusted based on the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 of the slag melting burner 210 that injects the flame. Therefore, even if slag S is located in a position facing the burner tip 214 of the slag melting burner 210 (specifically, in front of the burner tip 214 in the direction of the flame injection), the amount of combustion of the flame can be reduced before the burner tip 214 is excessively heated by its own flame repelled by the slag S. This reduces the possibility that the burner tip 214 of the slag melting burner 210 will be damaged by its own flame. Furthermore, if the slag is removed from the position opposite the burner tip 214 and the amount of heat received by the tip of the burner falls within an allowable range, the amount of combustion of the flame can be increased (returned to the original amount of combustion).

[Modification]
Although the temperature measuring device 240 is provided on the rear surface 214B of the burner tip 214, for example, the following installation method can also be adopted.
That is, the temperature measuring device 240 may be provided at two locations: the cooling passage CP upstream of the burner tip 214 (the cooling passage CP through which the cooling water W supplied to the burner tip 214 flows) and the cooling passage CP downstream of the burner tip 214 (the cooling passage CP through which the cooling water W returning to the outside of the gasifier flows). This makes it possible to measure the temperature of the cooling water W before cooling the burner tip 214 and the temperature of the cooling water W after cooling.

The heat amount calculation unit 252 calculates the temperature rise value of the cooling water W from the temperature difference of the cooling water W before and after cooling, making it possible to calculate the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214. In this case, when the temperature rise value (measured value) of the cooling water W becomes equal to or exceeds a predetermined rise value set in advance, it is determined that the amount of heat received by the burner tip 214 becomes equal to or exceeds the predetermined value, and the combustion amount determination unit 254 executes control to reduce the amount of combustion of the flame.

According to the modified slag melting burner device, the temperature measuring device 240 can measure the temperature in a low-temperature atmosphere compared to when the temperature of the burner tip 214 is measured directly.

The temperature measuring device 240 may be provided on both the back surface 214B of the burner tip 214 and the cooling flow path CP. This allows the heat receiving amount calculation unit 252 to perform calculations based on more accurate information from the temperature measuring device 240.

The embodiment described above can be understood, for example, as follows.
That is, a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a slag melting burner device used in a gasification furnace (101) which partially burns and gasifies a carbon-containing solid fuel, and is equipped with a slag melting burner (210) which sprays a flame from a tip (214) toward the slag (S) solidified in the gasification furnace (101), a heat reception amount calculation unit (252) which calculates the amount of heat received by the tip (214), and a combustion amount determination unit (254) which determines the combustion amount of the sprayed flame based on information from the heat reception amount calculation unit (252).

The slag melting burner device according to the present embodiment includes a slag melting burner (210) that injects a flame from its tip (214) toward the slag (S) solidified in the gasification furnace (101), a heat amount calculation unit (252) that calculates the amount of heat received by the tip (214), and a combustion amount determination unit (254) that determines the amount of combustion of the flame based on information from the heat amount calculation unit (252). Therefore, the amount of combustion of the flame can be determined based on the amount of heat received by the tip (214) of the slag melting burner (210) that injects the flame. Therefore, even if slag (S) is present at a position facing the tip (214) of the slag melting burner (210) (specifically, in front of the tip (214) in the direction of the flame injection), the amount of combustion of the flame can be reduced before the tip (214) is excessively heated by its own flame repelled by the slag (S). This reduces the possibility that the tip (214) of the slag melting burner (210) will be damaged by its own flame. Also, if the slag (S) is removed from the position opposite the tip (214) and the temperature of the tip (214) falls within the allowable range, the amount of combustion of the flame can be increased (returned to the original amount of combustion).

In addition, in a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a temperature measuring device (240) is provided for measuring the temperature of the tip portion (214), and a heat receiving amount calculation unit (252) calculates the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) based on information from the temperature measuring device (240).

The slag melting burner device according to this embodiment is equipped with a temperature measuring device (240) that measures the temperature of the tip portion (214), and the heat receiving amount calculation unit (252) calculates the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) based on information from the temperature measuring device (240), so that the change in the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) can be calculated with good responsiveness. The temperature measuring device (240) is, for example, a thermocouple.

In addition, in a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a temperature measuring device (240) is provided for measuring the temperature of the cooling water that flows through the inside of the slag melting burner (210) and cools the slag melting burner (210), and the heat receiving amount calculation unit (252) calculates the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) based on information from the temperature measuring device (240).

The slag melting burner device according to this embodiment is equipped with a temperature measuring device (240) that measures the temperature of the cooling water that flows through the inside of the slag melting burner (210) and cools the slag melting burner (210), and the heat receiving amount calculation unit (252) calculates the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) based on information from the temperature measuring device (240), making it possible to measure the temperature in a low-temperature atmosphere compared to when the temperature of the tip portion (214) is measured directly.

In addition, in a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the combustion amount determination unit (254) reduces the amount of combustion of the flame when the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) calculated by the heat received amount calculation unit (252) becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined amount of heat received.

In the slag melting burner device according to this embodiment, the combustion amount determination unit (254) reduces the amount of combustion of the flame when the amount of heat received by the tip portion (214) exceeds a predetermined amount of heat, so that the amount of combustion of the flame can be reduced before the tip portion (214) becomes excessively hot. This reduces the possibility that the tip portion (214) will melt due to its own flame.

In addition, in a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the combustion amount determination unit (254) reduces the combustion amount of the flame when the temperature of the tip portion (214) detected by the temperature detector (240) becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

In the slag melting burner device according to this embodiment, the combustion amount determination unit (254) reduces the amount of combustion of the flame when the temperature of the tip portion (214) reaches or exceeds a predetermined temperature, so that the amount of combustion of the flame can be reduced before the temperature of the tip portion (214) rises excessively. This reduces the possibility that the tip portion (214) will melt due to its own flame.

In addition, in a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the combustion amount determination unit (254) reduces the combustion amount of the flame when the temperature rise value of the cooling water reaches or exceeds a predetermined rise value.

In the slag melting burner device according to this embodiment, the combustion amount determination unit (254) reduces the amount of flame combustion when the temperature rise value of the cooling water exceeds a predetermined rise value, so that the amount of flame combustion can be reduced before the tip portion (214) becomes excessively hot. This reduces the possibility that the tip portion (214) will be melted by its own flame.

The gasification furnace (101) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is equipped with the above-mentioned slag melting burner device.

In addition, the gasification combined cycle power generation facility (10) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is equipped with the above-mentioned gasification furnace (101).

In addition, a control method for a slag melting burner device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is a control method for a slag melting burner device equipped with a slag melting burner (210) that sprays a flame from a tip (214) toward solidified slag (S) in a gasification furnace (101), and determines the amount of combustion of the flame based on the amount of heat received by the tip (214).

10. Coal gasification combined cycle power generation facilities (gasification combined cycle power generation facilities)
11 Coal feeding equipment 11a Coal feeding line 12 Fuel supply line 13 Char supply line 15 Char recovery equipment 16 Gas purification equipment 17 Gas turbine 18 Steam turbine 19 Generator 20 Exhaust heat recovery boiler 41 Compressed air supply line 42 Air separation equipment 43 First nitrogen supply line 45 Second nitrogen supply line 46 Char return line 47 Oxygen supply line 49 First generated gas line 51 Dust collector 52 Supply hopper 53 Second generated gas line 61 Compressor 62 Combustor 63 Turbine 64 Rotating shaft 65 Compressed air supply line 66 Fuel gas supply line 67 Combustion gas supply line 68 Booster 69 Turbine 70 Exhaust gas line 71 Steam supply line 72 Feed water line 74 Exhaust gas purification equipment 75 Chimney 101 Gasifier 102 Syngas cooler 110 Pressure vessel 111 Gasifier wall (furnace wall)
115 Annulus (external space)
116 Combustor section 117 Diffuser section 118 Reductor section 119 Start-up combustion chamber 121 Gas exhaust port 122 Slag hopper 125 Char burner 126 Burner (combustor type pulverized coal burner)
127 Burner (Reductor type pulverized coal burner)
129 Ignition torch 130 Light oil burner 131 Evaporator
132 Superheater
134 Economizer
154 Internal space 210 Slag melting burner 212 Burner body 212A Outer cylinder 212B Inner cylinder 214 Burner tip (tip)
214A Front surface 214B Rear surface 214C Recess 230 Supply pipe 240 Temperature measuring device 250 Control unit 252 Heat receiving amount calculation unit 254 Combustion amount determination unit CP Cooling flow path FP Distribution flow path S Slag W Cooling water

Claims (9)

A slag melting burner device used in a gasification furnace that partially combusts and gasifies a carbon-containing solid fuel,
a slag melting burner that injects a flame from a tip portion toward the slag solidified in the gasification furnace;
A heat reception amount calculation unit that calculates a heat reception amount of the tip portion;
a combustion amount determination unit that determines a combustion amount of a flame based on information from the heat reception amount calculation unit;
A slag melting burner apparatus comprising: A temperature measuring device is provided for measuring the temperature of the tip portion,
The slag melting burner device according to claim 1 , wherein the heat receiving amount calculation unit calculates the heat receiving amount of the tip portion based on information from the temperature measuring device. A temperature measuring instrument is provided for measuring the temperature of the cooling water that flows through the inside of the slag melting burner and cools the slag melting burner,
The slag melting burner device according to claim 1 , wherein the heat receiving amount calculation unit calculates the heat receiving amount of the tip portion based on information from the temperature measuring device. A slag melting burner device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combustion amount determination unit reduces the combustion amount of the flame when the amount of heat received by the tip calculated by the heat reception amount calculation unit becomes equal to or exceeds a predetermined amount of heat. The slag melting burner device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustion amount determination unit reduces the combustion amount of the flame when the temperature of the tip measured by the temperature measuring device becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. The slag melting burner device according to claim 3, wherein the combustion amount determination unit reduces the combustion amount of the flame when the temperature rise value of the cooling water exceeds a predetermined rise value. A gasification furnace equipped with a slag melting burner device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. An integrated gasification power generation facility equipped with the gasification furnace according to claim 7. A method for controlling a slag melting burner device having a slag melting burner that injects a flame from a tip portion toward slag solidified in a gasification furnace, comprising:
A control method for a slag melting burner device that determines the amount of flame combustion based on the amount of heat received at the tip.

Images