JP7487019B2 - microphone - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a microphone, and in particular to a microphone that contacts an object to measure the sound of the object and convert it into an electrical signal.

When measuring the sound of a living body or a motor, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, a microphone equipped with a microphone unit 2 inside a sound collection unit 1 is used, and the sound collection unit 1 is brought into contact with the surface of an object 7 to be measured to collect sound, which is then converted into an electrical signal by the microphone unit 2. The microphone unit 2 is equipped with a microphone cable (not shown). Such microphones are described, for example, in References 1 and 2.

Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-036309 JP 2014-093739 A

However, when the sound collection section 1 of the microphone described above is brought into contact with the surface of the target object 7, the volume of the sound collection area 8 varies depending on the amount of pressure applied, causing a problem of sensitivity fluctuation. Furthermore, the variation in sensitivity causes problems with the reproducibility of measurements. The present invention aims to solve these problems, suppress the variation in sensitivity due to pressure, and improve the reproducibility of measurements.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 of the present application provides a microphone having a sound collecting section that contacts an object and a microphone section that converts sound collected by the sound collecting section into an electrical signal, the microphone comprising a housing having one side that contacts the object and has a rectangular outer shape and a circular through hole , and the other side that connects to the sound collecting section, connected via a columnar support member without any wall between the support members, the housing being arranged around the sound collecting section, the sound collecting section and the other side of the housing being connected with an elastic member so that the tip of the sound collecting section that contacts the object protrudes from the through hole beyond the tip of the one side of the housing that contacts the object, and when the tip of the one side of the housing and the tip of the sound collecting section are brought into contact with the object, the pressure applied to the sound collecting section is kept constant by the tip of the one side of the housing coming into contact with the object .

The microphone of the present invention is provided with a housing around the sound collection part, with the tip of the sound collection part that contacts the object protruding beyond the tip of the housing that contacts the object, and the sound collection part and the housing connected by an elastic member. When measuring the sound of the object, the pressure applied to the sound collection part when the sound collection part contacts the object first increases as the elastic member shrinks, and then the housing contacts the object, making it possible to keep the pressure applied to the sound collection part constant. In addition, since the housing contacts the object, further pressure can be stopped, so fluctuations in the volume of the sound collection area are suppressed, and it becomes possible to suppress fluctuations in sensitivity.

In addition, the amount of pressure applied to the sound collection section does not differ even if the person taking the measurement changes, and the amount of pressure applied to the sound collection section is constant, so fluctuations in sensitivity can be suppressed and the reproducibility of measurements can be improved.

By using a double structure in which the housing covers the sound collection section, the housing becomes a soundproof structure, which is also expected to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the microphone.

1 is a diagram illustrating a microphone according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a diagram illustrating a microphone according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating a microphone according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a microphone according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating a microphone according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional microphone.

The microphone of the present invention is provided with a housing around the sound collection section, with the tip of the sound collection section that contacts the target protruding beyond the tip of the housing that contacts the target, and the sound collection section and the housing connected by an elastic member. This structure allows the pressure applied to the sound collection section to be constant when measuring the sound of the target, as the sound collection section contacts the target, first increasing as the elastic member shrinks, and then the housing contacts the target. In addition, as the housing contacts the target, further pressure can be stopped, so fluctuations in the volume of the sound collection area are suppressed, making it possible to suppress fluctuations in sensitivity. Below, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described. Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of a microphone according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a sound collection section, and inside this sound collection section 1 is provided a microphone section 2 that converts collected sound into an electrical signal. This microphone section 2 is provided with a microphone cable (not shown).

A housing 3 is arranged around the sound collection unit 1, and a tip 5 of the sound collection unit 1 that contacts the target object protrudes from a tip 4 of the housing 3 that contacts the target object. Since the tip of the sound collection unit 1 that contacts the contact object is generally circular, the housing 3 can have a cylindrical cavity inside and a structure with a circular opening at its tip. Inside the cavity, the sound collection unit 1 and the housing 3 are connected by an elastic member, for example a spring 6. Naturally, an elastic member other than a spring may be used.

Figure 2 shows the state in which the microphone shown in Figure 1 is in contact with the surface of the object. When the microphone is in contact with the surface of the object, the tip 5 of the sound collection unit 1 protrudes from the tip 4 of the housing 3, so the sound collection unit 1 first contacts the object 7, and the pressure at the time of contact gradually increases as the spring 6 contracts. Next, when the housing 3 contacts the object 7, it can be confirmed that there is no need to apply any more pressure to the housing 3 and the sound collection unit 1 against the object 7, and the pressure applied to the sound collection unit 1 can be made constant. In addition, since it is possible to stop applying any more pressure, the fluctuation in the volume of the sound collection area 8 is suppressed, and the fluctuation in the sensitivity of the microphone can be suppressed. Furthermore, even if the measurer changes, the magnitude of the pressure does not change, and the pressure applied to the sound collection unit 1 is constant, so the fluctuation in the sensitivity of the microphone can be suppressed, and the reproducibility of the measurement can be improved. By making the sound collection unit 1 and the housing 3 into a double structure as in this embodiment, it is also possible to improve the sound insulation of the sound collection area 8 and thereby improve the S/N ratio.

In addition, a gel sheet, for example, may be placed as an adhesive material on the tip 5 of the sound collection unit 1 and the tip 4 of the housing 3. By using this gel sheet to increase the adhesion between the sound collection unit 1 and the housing 3 and the target 7, noise can be prevented from entering between the sound collection unit 1 and the housing 3 and the target 7, and sound insulation can be further improved, and a high signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved. Of course, an adhesive material other than a gel sheet may also be used.

Furthermore, sound absorbing material may be filled in the area between the sound collecting unit 1 and the housing 3, other than the area where the spring 6 is arranged. This sound absorbing material absorbs noise around the sound collecting unit, further improving the sound insulation of the sound collecting area 8 and achieving a high signal-to-noise ratio. Well-known materials can be used as the sound absorbing material.

Next, a second embodiment will be described. Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a microphone according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the microphone shown in Fig. 3. As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the microphone of this embodiment has a structure in which one surface 9 having the tip portion 4 of the housing 3 in the first embodiment is connected to the other surface 10 via a support member 11, and the side surface of the housing 3 is removed.

Figure 5 shows the state in which the microphone shown in Figures 3 and 4 is in contact with the surface of the object. In the microphone of this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, when the microphone is in contact with the surface of the object, the tip 5 of the sound collection unit 1 protrudes from the tip 4 of the housing 3, so that the sound collection unit 1 first contacts the object 7, and the pressure at the time of contact gradually increases as the spring 6 contracts. Next, when the one side 9 contacts the object 7, it can be confirmed that there is no need to apply any more pressure to the one side 9 and the sound collection unit 1 against the object 7, and the pressure applied to the sound collection unit 1 can be made constant. In addition, since it is possible to stop applying any more pressure, the fluctuation in the volume of the sound collection area 8 can be suppressed, and the fluctuation in the sensitivity of the microphone can be suppressed. Furthermore, even if the measurer changes, the magnitude of the pressure does not change, and the pressure applied to the sound collection unit 1 is constant, so that the fluctuation in the sensitivity of the microphone can be suppressed and the reproducibility of the measurement can be improved. By removing the side of the housing 3 as in this embodiment, it is possible to achieve a lighter weight. In the example shown in Figure 4, four support members 11 are arranged, but two or more may be arranged as long as they are arranged in a balanced manner and pressure can be evenly distributed. Also, the support members are not limited to being rectangular prism-shaped, and may be cylindrical or polygonal prism-shaped.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the external shape of the housing is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, but may be a cylindrical or polygonal prism shape.

1: Sound collecting section, 2: Microphone section, 3: Housing, 4: Tip of housing, 5: Tip of sound collecting section, 6: Spring, 7: Object, 8: Sound collecting area, 9: One surface, 10: Other surface, 11: Support member

Claims (1)

A microphone having a sound collecting part that contacts an object and a microphone part that converts the sound collected by the sound collecting part into an electrical signal,
a housing having a rectangular outer shape and a circular through hole, one surface of which contacts the object and the other surface of which connects to the sound collecting unit are connected via a columnar support member without having a wall between the support members;
The housing is disposed around the sound collection unit, and the sound collection unit and the other surface of the housing are connected with an elastic member so that a tip end of the sound collection unit that contacts the object protrudes from the through hole beyond a tip end of the one surface of the housing that contacts the object,
A microphone characterized in that when the tip of the one side of the housing and the tip of the sound collecting part are brought into contact with the object, the pressure applied to the sound collecting part is kept constant by the tip of the one side of the housing coming into contact with the object .

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