JP7491175B2 - Steps for climbing and construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a climbing step and construction machinery.

Construction machinery such as crawler cranes are provided with lifting steps. These lifting steps are used, for example, in a state where they protrude outward from the crawler frame. However, if these lifting steps are kept in a state where they protrude outward during transportation or when not in use, there is a risk that they may violate transportation restrictions or come into contact with other objects. For this reason, these lifting steps are configured so that they can be folded at the base end and stored when not in use (see JP 2016-137860 A and JP 2010-137687 A).

JP 2016-137860 A JP 2010-137687 A

Patent Document 1 describes an ascent/descent step that includes a bracket that is fixed to the side of a crawler frame and a step body that is connected to the bracket. The ascent/descent step described in Patent Document 1 has a bracket that has a pair of side panels that are spaced apart, a top panel that is hung across the upper surfaces of the pair of side panels, and a pin that penetrates the pair of side panels, and an insertion piece that is inserted and held between the top panel and the pin is provided at the base end of the step body. Patent Document 1 describes a configuration in which the top surface of the insertion piece is abutted against the underside of the top panel to prevent the step body from bending downward from the base end side to the tip end side. Patent Document 1 also describes that the step body can be stored in an upright position relative to the bracket by rotating the step body upward around the pin.

However, the step body of the ascent/descent step described in Patent Document 1 can only rotate upwards around the pin, so if it is placed on the upper side of the crawler frame, the step body will come into contact with the crawler when stored. This makes it difficult to place this ascent/descent step on the upper side of the crawler frame. Also, in order to ensure smooth rotation of the step body, it is necessary to process the surface of the step body with high precision in accordance with the top surface and pin arrangement. This makes it difficult to manufacture this ascent/descent step.

Patent document 2 describes a step device for getting on and off that includes a step plate that is rotatably attached to the floor of the cab via a hinge member and a hydraulic cylinder for rotating the step plate.

However, the boarding and alighting step device described in Patent Document 2 requires space to place the hydraulic cylinder and power to drive the hydraulic cylinder, making the device large-scale.

The present invention was made based on these circumstances, and aims to provide a simple-structured step for ascending and descending that can be placed on the upper side of the crawler frame.

The lifting step according to one aspect of the present invention is a lifting step attached to a construction machine, and includes a bracket fixed to the construction machine, and a step body rotatably connected to the bracket at its base end and capable of swinging between a first position extending horizontally outward from the base end side toward the tip end side and a second position hanging downward from the base end side toward the tip end side, wherein one of the bracket and the step body has a rotating shaft arranged horizontally, and the other of the bracket and the step body has a pair of guide holes into which the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted, and the pair of guide holes are arranged such that, when the step body is arranged in the first position, The bracket has a movement range for moving the rotation shaft between a use position, which is the position of the step body when in use, and a swing position that protrudes outward from the use position, and the bracket has a pair of side plates that are arranged on both sides of the width direction of the base end of the step body and face each other, a first rotation prevention plate that abuts the step body from above when it is arranged in the use position, and a second rotation prevention plate that abuts the step body from the inside in the horizontal direction when it is arranged in the use position, and the step body and the pair of side plates have first pin holes that overlap each other in the use position, and further includes a fixing pin that is inserted into the overlapping first pin holes.

The ascent and descent step according to one aspect of the present invention has a simple structure and can be positioned above the crawler frame.

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial perspective view showing a construction machine equipped with an ascending/descending step according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the step for ascending and descending in FIG. 1 in use. FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the ascending/descending step of FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view showing a state in which the step body of the ascending/descending step of FIG. 2 has been moved to a swinging position. FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing a state in which the step body of the ascending/descending step of FIG. 2 has been moved to a second position. FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing a state in which an ascent/descent step according to an embodiment different from the ascent/descent step of FIG. 2 is in use. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing a state in which a step body of an ascent/descent step according to an embodiment different from the ascent/descent steps shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 has been moved to a third position.

[Description of the embodiments of the present invention]
First, the embodiments of the present invention will be listed and described.

The lifting step according to one aspect of the present invention is a lifting step attached to a construction machine, and includes a bracket fixed to the construction machine, and a step body rotatably connected to the bracket at its base end and capable of swinging between a first position extending horizontally outward from the base end side toward the tip end side and a second position hanging downward from the base end side toward the tip end side, one of the bracket and the step body having a rotating shaft arranged horizontally, and the other of the bracket and the step body having a pair of guide holes into which the rotating shaft is rotatably inserted, and the pair of guide holes are arranged such that, when the step body is arranged in the first position, The bracket has a movement range for moving the rotation shaft between a use position, which is the position of the step body when in use, and a swing position that protrudes outward from the use position, and the bracket has a pair of side plates that are arranged on both sides of the width direction of the base end of the step body and face each other, a first rotation prevention plate that abuts the step body from above when it is arranged in the use position, and a second rotation prevention plate that abuts the step body from the inside in the horizontal direction when it is arranged in the use position, and the step body and the pair of side plates have first pin holes that overlap each other in the use position, and further includes a fixing pin that is inserted into the overlapping first pin holes.

When the step for ascending and descending is placed in the use position, the step body is supported from above by the first anti-rotation plate and supported from the horizontal inside by the second anti-rotation plate, so that the step body and the pair of side plates can be easily fixed by the fixing pin in this use position. In addition, the step for ascending and descending can be swung to the second position after removing the fixing pin to release the fixation between the step body and the pair of side plates and moving the step body to the swinging position. This allows the step for ascending and descending to be stored with the step body hanging downward from the base end side to the tip end side. Therefore, the step for ascending and descending has a simple configuration and can be placed on the upper side of the crawler frame.

The step body and the pair of side plates may have second pin holes that overlap each other at the second position, and the fixing pin may be configured to be insertable into the overlapping second pin holes. In this way, the step body and the pair of side plates may have second pin holes that overlap each other at the second position, and the fixing pin may be configured to be insertable into the overlapping second pin holes, so that the step body can be easily and reliably fixed to the pair of side plates at the second position.

The step body may have an upper abutment portion that abuts against the second anti-rotation plate from above in the use position. In this way, the step body has an upper abutment portion that abuts against the second anti-rotation plate from above in the use position, so that the step body can be sandwiched from above and below between the first anti-rotation plate and the second anti-rotation plate in the use position. This allows the step body to be more securely fixed in the use position.

The step body may have a side abutment portion that abuts the second anti-rotation plate from the side at the second position. In this way, the step body can be easily stopped at the second position by having a side abutment portion that abuts the second anti-rotation plate from the side at the second position.

The bracket may be fixed to the crawler frame of the construction machine. The step for ascending and descending is suitable for attachment to the crawler frame of the construction machine because the step body can be easily swung to the second position.

The step body may be configured to be swingable to a third position where the tip side protrudes upward. In this way, the step body is configured to be swingable to a third position where the tip side protrudes upward, so that the step body can be swung in an appropriate direction and stored depending on the mounting position.

A construction machine according to another aspect of the present invention is provided with the lifting step. The construction machine can be easily lifted and lowered using the lifting step.

In this invention, "horizontal direction" means the horizontal direction when the construction machine is placed on a horizontal surface. "Up" means up when the construction machine is placed on a horizontal surface, and "down" means down when the construction machine is placed on a horizontal surface.

[Details of the embodiment of the present invention]
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

[First embodiment]
<Construction machinery>
The construction machine 1 in Fig. 1 includes a lower traveling body 2 and an upper rotating body (not shown) mounted on the lower traveling body 2 so as to be horizontally rotatable. The lower traveling body 2 has a crawler frame 3 and a crawler 4 attached to the crawler frame 3 on both sides in the vehicle width direction. A plurality of ascent/descent steps 10 are arranged on the outer side surface of the crawler frame 3. The plurality of ascent/descent steps 10 are provided in a staircase shape as a whole so that a worker can ascend and descend to the upper rotating body. The type of the construction machine 1 is not particularly limited, and an example of the construction machine 1 is a crawler crane.

<Steps for ascending and descending>
The step 10 for ascending and descending is attached to the construction machine 1, more specifically, to the crawler frame 3. As shown in detail in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the step 10 for ascending and descending has a bracket 11 fixed to the construction machine 1 and a step body 12 connected to the bracket 11. The step body 12 is rotatably connected to the bracket 11 at its base end. The step body 12 is configured to be swingable between a first position P1 (use position _P1a and swing position _P1b ) extending horizontally outward from the base end side to the tip end side as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and a second position P2 hanging downward from the base end side to the tip end side as shown in Fig. 5. The step body 12 for ascending and descending can be manually swung. Therefore, the step 10 for ascending and descending does not require a drive mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder.

(bracket)
The bracket 11 is fixed to the crawler frame 3 of the construction machine 1. The bracket 11 has a pair of side plates 13 that are arranged on both sides in the width direction of the base end of the step body 12 and face each other, and a rotating shaft 14 that is hung between the pair of side plates 13. The rotating shaft 14 is arranged in a horizontal direction.

The bracket 11 has a first anti-rotation plate 15a that abuts from above against the step body 12 when it is positioned in the usage position _P1a described below, and a second anti-rotation plate 15b that abuts from the horizontal inside against the step body 12 when it is positioned in the usage position _P1a .

(Step body)
The step body 12 has a footboard 12a that forms a foothold for the worker, and a pair of fixed plates 12b fixed to both sides of the footboard 12a in the width direction. The pair of fixed plates 12b are provided so as to protrude toward the base end side beyond the base end edge of the footboard 12a. The pair of fixed plates 12b have a pair of guide holes 12c into which the rotating shaft 14 is rotatably inserted. The pair of guide holes 12c are provided so as to protrude toward the base end side beyond the base end edge of the footboard 12a.

The pair of guide holes 12c have a movement width W for moving the rotating shaft 14 between a use position P1a, which is the position when the step body 12 is in use (the position when the worker ascends or descends ₎ , and a swing position _P1b that protrudes outward from the use position _P1a , when the step body 12 is positioned at the first position P1.

The following describes in detail the configuration of the ascent/descent step 10, along with the steps for moving and swinging the step body 12, with reference to Figures 3 to 5. First, with reference to Figures 3 and 4, the specific configuration of the ascent/descent step 10 will be described based on the state in which the step body 12 is positioned at the first position P1.

The side plates 13 are plate-shaped, and the above-mentioned rotation shaft 14 penetrates them in the thickness direction. The first rotation prevention plate 15a is hung between the upper edges of the pair of side plates 13. The second rotation prevention plate 15b is hung between the inner surfaces of the pair of side plates 13. It is also possible that the first rotation prevention plate 15a and/or the second rotation prevention plate 15b are not hung between the pair of side plates 13. In other words, the first rotation prevention plate 15a and/or the second rotation prevention plate 15b may be divided into a first divided piece arranged on one side plate 13 and a second divided piece arranged on the other side plate 13.

The first anti-rotation plate 15a is disposed horizontally inward (toward the crawler frame 3) from the rotation shaft 14. The first anti-rotation plate 15a is disposed at a position that does not prevent the step body 12 from swinging when the step body 12 moves to the swing position _P1b . That is, the first anti-rotation plate 15a abuts the step body 12 (more specifically, the fixed plate 12b) from above when the step body 12 is disposed at the use position _P1a , but is disposed at a position that does not contact the step body ₁₂ when the step body 12 is swung to the second position P2 when the step body 12 is disposed at the swing position P1b. With this configuration, the first anti-rotation plate 15a suppresses unintended swinging of the step body 12 when a worker stands on the step body 12 disposed at the use position _P1a , and facilitates storage of the step body 12.

The second anti-rotation plate 15b is disposed horizontally inward of the rotation shaft 14. The second anti-rotation plate 15b is disposed at a position that does not prevent the step body 12 from swinging when the step body 12 moves to the swing position _P1b . The second anti-rotation plate 15b supports the step body 12 (more specifically, the fixed plate 12b) disposed at the use position _P1a from the inside so that the step body 12 does not move inward from the use position _P1a . The second anti-rotation plate 15b also sandwiches the step body 12 with the first anti-rotation plate 15a from above and below, horizontally inward from the rotation shaft 14. With this configuration, the second anti-rotation plate 15b, when used in combination with the first anti-rotation plate 15a, easily positions the step body 12 at the use position _P1a , suppresses unintended swinging of the step body 12 when a worker stands on the step body 12 disposed at the use position _P1a , and facilitates storage of the step body 12.

The step body 12 has a side abutment portion (first side abutment portion 12d) that abuts against the second anti-rotation plate 15b from the horizontal outer side at the use position _P1a . The first side abutment portion 12d is, for example, a protrusion formed on the lower edge of the fixed plate 12b. The first side abutment portion 12d is configured to abut against the second anti-rotation plate 15b by sliding the step body 12 horizontally inward from the swing position _P1b . In other words, the step for climbing 10 does not require the step body 12 to be tilted from the horizontal direction when moving the step body 12 between the use position _P1a and the swing position _P1b .

Furthermore, the step body 12 has an upper abutment portion 12e that abuts against the second anti-rotation plate 15b from above at the use position _P1a . With the step body 12 having the upper abutment portion 12e, the step body 12 of the climbing step 10 can be sandwiched from above and below between the first anti-rotation plate 15a and the second anti-rotation plate 15b at the use position _P1a . As a result, unintended rocking of the step body 12 when a worker stands on the step body 12 disposed at the use position _P1a can be easily and reliably suppressed.

The pair of guide holes 12c are elliptical with the major axis extending horizontally when the step body 12 is disposed at the first position P1. The pair of guide holes 12c are configured to allow the rotation shaft 14 to move along the major axis. In other words, the pair of guide holes 12c are configured to allow the step body 12 to move between the use position _P1a and the swing position _P1b by linearly moving the rotation shaft 14 in the horizontal direction.

As shown in Fig. 3, the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13 have first pin holes 16 that overlap each other at the use position _P1a . The step 10 for ascending and descending is provided with a fixing pin 17 that is inserted into the overlapping first pin holes 16. The step 10 for ascending and descending can easily and reliably fix the step body 12 at the use position _P1a by inserting the fixing pin 17 into the first pin hole 16. The step 10 for ascending and descending is configured such that the first pin holes 16 provided in the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13 overlap coaxially with each other when the second rotation prevention plate 15b supports the step body 12 from the inside. The fixing pin 17 is removed from the first pin hole 16 when the step body 12 is moved from the use position _P1a to the swing position _P1b .

Next, referring to FIG. 5, the specific configuration of the step 10 for ascending and descending will be described based on the state in which the step body 12 is positioned in the second position P2.

The step body 12 is rotated downward by approximately 90° from the swing position _P1b to be disposed in the second position P2.

The step body 12 has a side abutment portion (second side abutment portion 12f) that abuts the second rotation prevention plate 15b from the side at the second position P2. The step body 12 of the climbing step 10 can easily stop the step body 12 at the second position P2 because the step body 12 has the second side abutment portion 12f.

The step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13 have second pin holes 18 that overlap each other at the second position P2. A fixing pin 17 that is removed from the first pin hole 16 when the step body 12 is swung from the first position P1 to the second position P2 is inserted into the overlapping second pin holes 18. The step for ascending and descending 10 is configured so that the fixing pin 17 can be inserted into the overlapping second pin holes 18 at the second position P2, so that the step body 12 can be easily and reliably fixed to the pair of side plates 13 at the second position P2.

The second pin hole 18 provided in the step body 12 may be a pin hole separate from the first pin hole 16. However, it is preferable that the first pin hole 16 and the second pin hole 18 are shared by a single pin hole. In addition, the step 10 for ascending and descending may be configured so that a fixing pin other than the fixing pin 17 removed from the first pin hole 16 can be inserted into the second pin hole 18.

The step 10 is configured so that the second pin holes 18 provided in the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13 overlap coaxially when the second anti-rotation plate 15b and the second lateral abutment portion 12f are in contact with each other. This configuration makes it possible to easily and reliably align the second pin holes 18 provided in the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13.

<Advantages>
The step 10 has first pin holes 16 formed in the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13, which overlap each other at the use position _P1a . When the step 10 is placed at the use position _P1a , the step body 12 is supported from above by the first rotation prevention plate 15a and supported from the horizontal inside by the second rotation prevention plate 15b, so that the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13 can be easily fixed by the fixing pin 17 at the use position _P1a . The step 10 can be swung to the second position P2 by removing the fixing pin 17 to release the step body 12 and the pair of side plates 13 from the fixation and moving the step body 12 to the swing position _P1b . This allows the step 10 to be stored with the step body 12 hanging downward from the base end side to the tip end side. Therefore, the ascent/descent step 10 has a simple structure and can be disposed above the crawler frame 3 .

The step body 12 of the ascent/descent step 10 can be easily swung to the second position P2, so it is suitable for attachment to the crawler frame 3 of the construction machine 1, and more specifically, is suitable for attachment to the upper side of the crawler frame 3. By positioning the step body 12 of the ascent/descent step 10 in the second position P2, the step body 12 can be stored inside the outer end of the crawler 4.

The construction machine 1 can be easily raised and lowered using the lifting step 10.

[Other embodiments]
The above-mentioned embodiment does not limit the configuration of the present invention. Therefore, the above-mentioned embodiment may omit, replace or add components of each part of the above-mentioned embodiment based on the description in this specification and common technical knowledge, and it should be construed that all of these are within the scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the step body abuts against the second anti-rotation plate from the side and above in the use position. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the step 20 for ascending and descending may be configured so that the step body 22 abuts against the second anti-rotation plate 25b only from the horizontal outer side. In this case, the second anti-rotation plate 25b may be arranged inside the guide hole 22c with a horizontal gap between them. In the case of such a configuration, the horizontal inner edge of the step body 22 (more specifically, the pair of fixing parts 22b of the step body 22) can be configured as the first lateral abutment part. With this configuration, the step body 22 does not need to be provided with the above-mentioned protruding piece for abutting against the second anti-rotation plate 25b from the horizontal outer side. Therefore, the abutment area between the step body 22 and the second anti-rotation plate 25b can be increased with a simpler configuration.

As shown in FIG. 7, in addition to the first and second positions described above, the step body 32 of the ascent/descent step 30 may be configured to be swingable to a third position P3 in which the tip side protrudes upward. With this configuration, the step body 32 can be swung in an appropriate direction according to the mounting position on the construction machine and stored. In other words, a plurality of the ascent/descent steps 30 can be easily arranged in a staircase-like manner on the side of the crawler frame. The step body 32 and the pair of side plates 33 preferably have third pin holes 35 that overlap each other at the third position P3. In addition, the ascent/descent step 30 preferably includes a fixing pin 37 that is inserted into the overlapping third pin holes 35. With this configuration, the step body 32 can be easily and reliably fixed to the pair of side plates 33 at the third position P3. Furthermore, the ascent/descent step 30 may have a rotation prevention plate (third rotation prevention plate) (not shown) arranged on the pair of side plates 33, which abuts the step body 32 from the horizontal inner side at the third position P3.

In the above embodiment, a configuration was described in which the bracket has a horizontally disposed rotation shaft, and the step body has a pair of guide holes into which the rotation shaft is rotatably inserted. However, the lifting step may have a step body having a horizontally disposed rotation shaft, and the bracket has a pair of guide holes into which the rotation shaft is rotatably inserted.

When the step body is disposed in the second position, it is held in a state of hanging downward from the base end side to the tip end side by its own weight. Therefore, the step for ascending and descending can be configured not to have second pin holes that overlap each other at the second position, if the step body can be stably maintained at the second position. Also, the step for ascending and descending can be configured not to have a lateral abutment portion that abuts the second rotation prevention plate from the side at the second position, if the step body can be held at the second position by its own weight. Furthermore, the step for ascending and descending may be provided with a rotation prevention plate (fourth rotation prevention plate) that abuts the step body from the horizontal inside at the second position as a member separate from the second rotation prevention plate.

The step for ascending and descending can swing and hold the step body at least in the second position, so it can also be attached to a location other than the crawler frame of the construction machine.

The lifting step according to one aspect of the present invention is suitable for attachment to the crawler frame of a construction machine.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Construction machine 2 Undercarriage 3 Crawler frame 4 Crawler 10, 20, 30 Ascending and descending step 11 Bracket 12, 22, 32 Step body 12a Tread 12b, 22b Fixing plate 12c, 22c Guide hole 12d First side abutment portion 12e Upper abutment portion 12f Second side abutment portion 13, 33 Side plate 14 Rotating shaft 15a First rotation prevention plate 15b, 25b Second rotation prevention plate 16 First pin hole 17, 37 Fixing pin 18 Second pin hole 35 Third pin hole P1 _a Use position P1 _b Swing position P2 Second position P3 Third position W Movement width

Claims (7)

A step for ascending and descending attached to a construction machine,
A bracket fixed to the construction machine;
a step body rotatably connected to the bracket at its base end and swingable between a first position extending horizontally outward from the base end side toward the tip end side and a second position hanging down from the base end side toward the tip end side;
One of the bracket and the step body has a rotation axis arranged in a horizontal direction,
the other of the bracket and the step body has a pair of guide holes into which the rotation shaft is rotatably inserted,
the pair of guide holes have a movement range for moving the rotation shaft between a use position, which is a position of the step body when in use, and a swing position protruding outward from the use position, when the step body is disposed at the first position,
The step body is configured to be movable between the use position and the swing position without being tilted from a horizontal direction,
The bracket has a pair of side plates arranged on both sides in the width direction of the base end of the step body and facing each other, a first rotation prevention plate that abuts from above the step body when placed in the use position, and a second rotation prevention plate that abuts from the horizontal inside of the step body when placed in the use position,
the step body and the pair of side plates have first pin holes that overlap each other in the use position;
The lifting step further includes a fixing pin that is inserted into the overlapping first pin holes. the step body and the pair of side plates have second pin holes that overlap each other at the second position;
2. The lift step according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pins are configured to be insertable into the overlapping second pin holes. The step for ascending and descending according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step body has an upper abutment portion that abuts the second anti-rotation plate from above when in the use position. The step for ascending and descending according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the step body has a lateral abutment portion that abuts laterally against the second anti-rotation plate at the second position. The lifting step according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bracket is fixed to a crawler frame of the construction machine. The step for ascending and descending described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step body is configured to be able to swing to a third position in which the tip side protrudes upward. A construction machine equipped with a lifting step according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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