JP7508356B2

JP7508356B2 - Pipe network analysis method and pipe network analysis device

Info

Publication number: JP7508356B2
Application number: JP2020204417A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 昌彦加藤
Original assignee: 株式会社管総研
Priority date: 2020-12-09
Filing date: 2020-12-09
Publication date: 2024-07-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-09
Also published as: JP2022091533A

Description

本発明は、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出する管路網解析方法および管路網解析装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a pipeline network analysis method and pipeline network analysis device that performs hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by multiple pipelines, and calculates pipeline network characteristic values at any water demand point.

配水管路網に対して計算機を用いて実行される水理解析は、管路の損失水頭Ｈをヘーゼン・ウィリアムズの式を用いて表し、配水管の交点である節点における流量方程式、および、閉管路方程式を連立させて、任意の節点における水圧、残留塩素濃度、水量などを算出する解析手法であり、代表的な解法として節点水頭法やメッシュ流量法などがある。 Hydraulic analysis performed on a water distribution pipeline network using a computer is an analytical method that expresses the head loss H of the pipeline using the Hazen-Williams equation, and calculates the water pressure, residual chlorine concentration, water volume, etc. at any node by simultaneously setting up flow equations at the nodes where the distribution pipes intersect and closed pipeline equations.Typical solution methods include the nodal head method and mesh flow method.

ヘーゼン・ウィリアムズの式は、以下の数式
Ｈ＝１０．６６６×（Ｌ×Ｑ^１．８５）／（Ｃ^１．８５×ｄ^４．８７）
で表わされる。ここで、Ｈは管の摩擦損失水頭（ｍ）、Ｌは管長（ｍ）、Ｑは流量（ｍ^３／ｓ）、ｄは管の実内径（ｍ）、Ｃは流速係数であり、以下では流速係数を、単に「Ｃ値」とも称する。 The Hazen-Williams formula is the following formula: H = 10.666 x (L x Q ^1.85 ) / (C ^1.85 x d ^4.87 )
Here, H is the friction head loss of the pipe (m), L is the pipe length (m), Q is the flow rate ( ^m3 /s), d is the actual inside diameter of the pipe (m), and C is the flow velocity coefficient, which will be referred to simply as the "C value" below.

流速係数Ｃの値は、時刻や水量が変化しても一定であり、管の内壁の粗度によって異なる。例えば、鋳鉄管の場合は布設年度の新しい管では１３０～１４０となり、布設年度が古く内壁に錆瘤ができた管では６０～７０に低下する。 The value of the flow velocity coefficient C remains constant regardless of the time or water volume, but varies depending on the roughness of the pipe's inner wall. For example, in the case of cast iron pipes, a new pipe installed the value is 130-140, whereas an old pipe installed that has rust bumps on the inner wall drops to 60-70.

従来、水理解析を実行する際に、オペレータが経験値に基づいてＣ値を一律の値、例えばＣ＝１１０などに設定していたため、オペレータによって異なる値にＣ値が設定されることで解析結果が異なる場合もあり、精度の高い解析という観点で改良の余地があった。 Conventionally, when performing hydraulic analysis, the operator would set the C value to a uniform value, such as C = 110, based on experience. This meant that analysis results could differ depending on the operator setting the C value, leaving room for improvement in terms of more accurate analysis.

特許文献１には、多数の管路によって構成される管網を、管種、管の敷設期間、管の口径が共通する管路ごとに複数のグループに分け、前記各グループ内における任意の水需要点での水頭の実測値を求め、グループ毎にそのグループを構成する管路がとり得ると予測される圧力損失を表す係数の値について複数の仮定値を設定し、前記複数の仮定値のそれぞれにもとづき前記管網におけるグループ内の前記水需要点での水頭の計算値を求め、グループ毎に与えられた複数の仮定値の中から、前記水頭の計算値と実測値との分散値が最小となる仮定値をそれぞれ選択して、これら選択された仮定値の組み合わせを求めることを特徴とする管路の圧力損失を表す係数の値の推定方法が提案されている。 Patent Document 1 proposes a method for estimating the value of a coefficient representing pressure loss in a pipeline, which is characterized by dividing a pipeline network consisting of many pipelines into multiple groups based on pipelines that have the same pipe type, installation period, and pipe diameter, determining the actual measured value of the head at any water demand point within each group, setting multiple assumed values for the value of a coefficient representing the predicted possible pressure loss of the pipelines that make up the group for each group, determining a calculated value of the head at the water demand point within the group in the pipeline network based on each of the multiple assumed values, selecting each assumed value from the multiple assumed values assigned to each group that minimizes the variance between the calculated and actual head values, and determining a combination of these selected assumed values.

特許第４９０１３７１号公報Patent No. 4901371

特許文献１に記載された管路の水理解析方法は、管網を、水理的影響度が同等であると判断される管路ごとの複数のグループに分け、グループ毎に与えられた複数の仮定値であるＣ値の中から、各グループ内における任意の水需要点での水頭の計算値と実測値との分散値が最小となる仮定値を、当該グループを構成する管路のＣ値として選択するものであり、グループ毎に纏まった管網に対して水理解析を行なうことが前提となる構成であった。 The hydraulic analysis method for pipelines described in Patent Document 1 divides a pipeline into multiple groups, each group consisting of pipelines that are judged to have the same degree of hydraulic influence, and from among multiple assumed C values given to each group, selects the assumed value that minimizes the variance between the calculated and measured head values at any water demand point within that group as the C value for the pipelines that make up that group, and is configured on the premise that hydraulic analysis is performed on the pipelines organized into groups.

しかし、現実の管網は異なるグループに属する管が混在して構成されているため、管網を水理的影響度が同等であると判断される管路ごとの複数のグループに分けることが困難であり、極めて限られた管網にしか適用できなかった。 However, because real-world pipeline networks are made up of a mixture of pipes belonging to different groups, it is difficult to divide the network into multiple groups of pipelines that are judged to have the same degree of hydraulic influence, and this method could only be applied to a very limited number of pipeline networks.

また、仮に異なるグループに属する管が混在する管網に対して、グループ毎に同じＣ値を設定して管網全体に対して水理解析する場合でも、計算値と実測値とを対比する水需要点とは無関係な管に対しても数値演算が行なわれることになり、無駄な計算時間が費やされることになるという問題があった。 Even if a pipe network contains pipes belonging to different groups and the same C value is set for each group to perform hydraulic analysis on the entire pipe network, numerical calculations are performed on pipes that are unrelated to the water demand points where the calculated values are compared with the actual values, resulting in the problem of wasting calculation time.

本発明の目的は、上述した問題点に鑑み、様々なＣ値を採り得る複数の管路で構成された管路網に対して、各管路のＣ値を効率的に適切な値に設定できる管路網解析方法および管路網解析装置を提供する点にある。 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a pipeline network analysis method and pipeline network analysis device that can efficiently set the C value of each pipeline to an appropriate value for a pipeline network composed of multiple pipelines that can have various C values.

上述の目的を達成するため、本発明による管路網解析方法の第一の特徴構成は、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出する管路網解析方法であって、予め複数の管路を所定の管路属性に基づいて複数のグループに分割する管路分割処理ステップと、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する水需要点を特定水需要点に設定する特定水需要点設定ステップと、前記配水池から前記特定水需要点に配水する特定管路網を構成する各管路に対して前記グループ毎に同じ値の流速係数の候補値を仮設定する流速係数仮設定ステップと、流速係数の候補値を仮設定した前記特定管路網に対して水理解析を実行して前記管路網特性値を算出する処理を予め設定した全ての候補値に対して繰り返す水理解析ステップと、前記特定水需要点における実測値と前記水理解析ステップで得られる前記管路網特性値の解析値とのばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数の候補値に基づいて、前記特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数を確定する流速係数確定ステップと、を含み、前記特定水需要点設定ステップから前記流速係数確定ステップまでの一連のステップを、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点のうち前記配水池に近い上流側の水需要点から下流側の水需要点の順に繰り返す点にある。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first characteristic configuration of the pipeline network analysis method according to the present invention is a pipeline network analysis method for calculating a pipeline network characteristic value at an arbitrary water demand point by performing hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by a plurality of pipelines, the method including a pipeline division processing step of dividing a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes in advance, a specific water demand point setting step of setting a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value as a specific water demand point, a provisional flow rate coefficient setting step of provisionally setting a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient of the same value for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water distribution reservoir to the specific water demand point, and a provisional setting step of a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient. The method includes a hydraulic analysis step of performing hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network to calculate the pipeline network characteristic value, and repeating the process for all pre-set candidate values; and a flow velocity coefficient determination step of determining the flow velocity coefficient of the pipelines that make up the specific pipeline network based on candidate values of flow velocity coefficients for which the variation between the actual measured value at the specific water demand point and the analytical value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained in the hydraulic analysis step falls within a predetermined tolerance range, and the series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow velocity coefficient determination step are repeated in the order of the upstream water demand point close to the water distribution reservoir to the downstream water demand point among a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic value.

管路分割処理ステップで管路網を構成する複数の管路が所定の管路属性に基づいて複数のグループに分割され、特定水需要点設定ステップで管路網特性値の実測値を有する水需要点を特定水需要点に設定される。流速係数仮設定ステップでは配水池から特定水需要点に配水する特定管路網を構成する各管路に対して分割されたグループ毎に同じ値の流速係数の候補値が仮設定され、水理解析ステップでは流速係数の候補値を仮設定した特定管路網に対して水理解析を実行して管路網特性値を算出する処理が、予め設定した全ての候補値に対して繰り返される。流速係数確定ステップでは特定水需要点における実測値と解析値とのばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数の候補値に基づいて、特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数が確定される。 In the pipeline division processing step, the multiple pipelines that make up the pipeline network are divided into multiple groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes, and in the specific water demand point setting step, water demand points having actual measured values of pipeline network characteristic values are set as specific water demand points. In the provisional flow rate coefficient setting step, the same candidate flow rate coefficient value is provisionally set for each divided group for each pipeline that makes up the specific pipeline network that distributes water from the distribution reservoir to the specific water demand point, and in the hydraulic analysis step, hydraulic analysis is performed on the specific pipeline network for which the provisional flow rate coefficient candidate value has been set, and the process of calculating the pipeline network characteristic value is repeated for all previously set candidate values. In the flow rate coefficient determination step, the flow rate coefficient of the pipelines that make up the specific pipeline network is determined based on the candidate flow rate coefficient value for which the variation between the actual measured value and the analysis value at the specific water demand point falls within a predetermined tolerance range.

このような特定水需要点設定ステップから流速係数確定ステップまでの一連のステップが、管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点に対して繰り返されることにより、無駄な水理計算を排除しつつも各管路の流速係数が適切な値に設定されるようになる。なお、管路網特性値として水圧、残留塩素濃度、または水量などが例示できる。 This series of steps, from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow rate coefficient determination step, is repeated for multiple water demand points with actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values, so that the flow rate coefficient of each pipeline is set to an appropriate value while eliminating unnecessary hydraulic calculations. Examples of pipeline network characteristic values include water pressure, residual chlorine concentration, and water volume.

配水池に近い上流側の水需要点から下流側の水需要点の順に、特定水需要点設定ステップから流速係数確定ステップまでの一連のステップが繰り返されることにより、配水池に近い上流側の水需要点に到る管路から下流側の水需要点に到る管路の順に各管路の流速係数が適切な値に設定されるようになる。 By repeating a series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow rate coefficient determination step, in the order from the upstream water demand point close to the water reservoir to the downstream water demand point, the flow rate coefficient of each pipeline is set to an appropriate value in the order from the pipeline leading to the upstream water demand point close to the water reservoir to the pipeline leading to the downstream water demand point.

同第二の特徴構成は、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出する管路網解析方法であって、予め複数の管路を所定の管路属性に基づいて複数のグループに分割する管路分割処理ステップと、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する水需要点を特定水需要点に設定する特定水需要点設定ステップと、前記配水池から前記特定水需要点に配水する特定管路網を構成する各管路に対して前記グループ毎に同じ値の流速係数の候補値を仮設定する流速係数仮設定ステップと、流速係数の候補値を仮設定した前記特定管路網に対して水理解析を実行して前記管路網特性値を算出する処理を予め設定した全ての候補値に対して繰り返す水理解析ステップと、前記特定水需要点における実測値と前記水理解析ステップで得られる前記管路網特性値の解析値とのばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数の候補値に基づいて、前記特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数を確定する流速係数確定ステップと、前記配水管路網を表示装置に表示する表示ステップと、を含み、前記特定水需要点設定ステップから前記流速係数確定ステップまでの一連のステップを、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点に対して繰り返し、前記表示ステップは、前記流速係数確定ステップで確定した流速係数の値に応じて各管路の表示色を含む表示態様を異ならせて表示する点にある。 The second characteristic configuration is a pipeline network analysis method for calculating a pipeline network characteristic value at an arbitrary water demand point by performing hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by a plurality of pipelines, the method including a pipeline division processing step for dividing a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes in advance, a specific water demand point setting step for setting a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point, a provisional flow rate coefficient setting step for provisionally setting a candidate value of the same flow rate coefficient for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water distribution reservoir to the specific water demand point, and a process for performing hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network in which the candidate value of the flow rate coefficient has been provisionally set to calculate the pipeline network characteristic value in advance. the hydraulic analysis step being repeated for all candidate values determined in the hydraulic analysis step; a flow velocity coefficient determination step being for determining flow velocity coefficients of pipelines constituting the specific pipeline network based on candidate flow velocity coefficient values for which the variation between the actual measured value at the specific water demand point and the analytical value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained in the hydraulic analysis step falls within a predetermined tolerance range; and a display step being for displaying the water distribution pipeline network on a display device, wherein a series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow velocity coefficient determination step are repeated for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic value, and the display step is characterized in that the display mode, including the display color of each pipeline, is changed depending on the value of the flow velocity coefficient determined in the flow velocity coefficient determination step.

流速係数確定ステップで確定した流速係数の値に応じて各管路の表示色を含む表示態様を異ならせて表示することで、表示態様を目視することで複数の管路を備えた管路網の状態を速やかに把握することができるようになる。 By displaying each pipeline in a different display mode, including its color, depending on the value of the flow velocity coefficient determined in the flow velocity coefficient determination step, the state of a pipeline network with multiple pipelines can be quickly grasped by visually checking the display mode.

同第三の特徴構成は、上述した第一または第二の特徴構成に加えて、前記流速係数仮設定ステップは、既に流速係数が確定した管路以外の管路に対して実行する点にある。 The third characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first or second characteristic configuration described above, the flow velocity coefficient provisional setting step is performed for pipelines other than those for which the flow velocity coefficient has already been determined.

特定水需要点設定ステップから流速係数確定ステップまでの一連のステップが繰り返される際に、同じグループに属する管路でも、上流側の水需要点に対する流速係数確定ステップで確定した管路についてはその流速係数に固定され、流速係数が未確定の管路に対して流速係数仮設定ステップが実行されるので、同じグループに属する管路であっても異なる流速係数に設定可能になるという柔軟性が確保でき、また演算負荷の軽減を図ることもできるようになる。 When the series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow rate coefficient determination step are repeated, even for pipelines belonging to the same group, the flow rate coefficient is fixed for the pipelines that have been determined in the flow rate coefficient determination step for the upstream water demand point, and the flow rate coefficient tentative setting step is executed for pipelines whose flow rate coefficients have not yet been determined. This ensures flexibility by allowing pipelines belonging to the same group to be set to different flow rate coefficients, and also reduces the computational load.

同第四の特徴構成は、上述した第一から第三の何れかの特徴構成に加えて、前記管路属性は、管の布設年度、管種、口径、配水区画、管路機能の何れか一つまたは複数の組合せを含む点にある。 The fourth characteristic configuration is that in addition to any one of the first to third characteristic configurations described above, the pipeline attributes include one or a combination of the following: the year of pipe installation, pipe type, diameter, water distribution section, and pipeline function.

流速係数に影響を与える因子として、管の布設年度、管種、口径、配水区画、管路機能が想定できる。そのため管路をグループに分割する基準として、それらの何れか一つまたは複数の組合せを採用することが好ましい。なお、配水区画とは例えば住宅街、商業地域、工場地域などの水需要者の消費特性の異なりを考慮するものであり、管路機能とは例えば送水機能が主要機能となる配水本管や、需要家への給水機能が主要機能となる配水支管の違いを考慮するものである。其々の要因により管の内壁の状態が異なる点に着目するものである。 Factors that can affect the flow rate coefficient include the year the pipe was laid, the pipe type, the diameter, the water distribution section, and the pipeline function. Therefore, it is preferable to use one or a combination of these factors as the criteria for dividing the pipeline into groups. The water distribution section takes into account the differences in consumption characteristics of water consumers, such as residential areas, commercial areas, and industrial areas, and the pipeline function takes into account the differences, for example, between a water distribution main pipe whose main function is to transport water, and a water distribution branch pipe whose main function is to supply water to consumers. The method focuses on the fact that the condition of the inner wall of the pipe differs depending on each factor.

本発明による管路網解析装置の第一の特徴構成は、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出する管路網解析装置であって、予め複数の管路を所定の管路属性に基づいて複数のグループに分割する管路分割処理部と、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する水需要点を特定水需要点に設定する特定水需要点設定部と、前記配水池から前記特定水需要点に配水する特定管路網を構成する各管路に対して前記グループ毎に同じ値の流速係数の候補値を仮設定する流速係数仮設定部と、流速係数の候補値を仮設定した前記特定管路網に対して水理解析を実行して前記管路網特性値を算出する処理を予め設定した全ての候補値に対して繰り返す水理解析部と、前記特定水需要点における実測値と前記水理解析部で得られる前記管路網特性値の解析値とのばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数の候補値に基づいて、前記特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数を確定する流速係数確定部と、前記特定水需要点設定部と、前記流速係数仮設定部と、前記水理解析部と、前記流速係数確定部で実行する各処理を、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点に対して繰り返すジョブ管理部と、を備え、前記ジョブ管理部は、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点のうち前記配水池に近い上流側の水需要点から下流側の水需要点の順に繰り返すように管理する点にある。 A first characteristic configuration of the pipeline network analysis device according to the present invention is a pipeline network analysis device that performs hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a distributing reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by a plurality of pipelines to calculate a pipeline network characteristic value at an arbitrary water demand point, and the pipeline network analysis device includes a pipeline division processing unit that divides a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes in advance, a specific water demand point setting unit that sets a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point, a provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit that provisionally sets a candidate value of the same flow rate coefficient for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the distributing reservoir to the specific water demand point, and a process that performs hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network in which the candidate value of the flow rate coefficient has been provisionally set to calculate the pipeline network characteristic value. the hydraulic analysis unit repeats the process for all candidate values determined based on the candidate values of the flow rate coefficient for which the variation between the actual measured value at the specific water demand point and the analytical value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained by the hydraulic analysis unit falls within a predetermined tolerance range; and a job management unit repeats each process executed by the specific water demand point setting unit, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit, the hydraulic analysis unit, and the flow rate coefficient determination unit for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic value, wherein the job management unit manages the process so that the process is repeated in the order of the upstream water demand point close to the water distribution reservoir to the downstream water demand point among the plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic value.

同第二の特徴構成は、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出する管路網解析装置であって、予め複数の管路を所定の管路属性に基づいて複数のグループに分割する管路分割処理部と、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する水需要点を特定水需要点に設定する特定水需要点設定部と、前記配水池から前記特定水需要点に配水する特定管路網を構成する各管路に対して前記グループ毎に同じ値の流速係数の候補値を仮設定する流速係数仮設定部と、流速係数の候補値を仮設定した前記特定管路網に対して水理解析を実行して前記管路網特性値を算出する処理を予め設定した全ての候補値に対して繰り返す水理解析部と、前記特定水需要点における実測値と前記水理解析部で得られる前記管路網特性値の解析値とのばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数の候補値に基づいて、前記特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数を確定する流速係数確定部と、前記特定水需要点設定部と、前記流速係数仮設定部と、前記水理解析部と、前記流速係数確定部で実行する各処理を、前記管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点に対して繰り返すジョブ管理部と、前記配水管路網を表示装置に表示する表示処理部と、を備え、前記表示処理部は、前記流速係数確定部で確定した流速係数の値に応じて各管路の表示色を含む表示態様を異ならせて表示する点にある。 The second characteristic configuration of the same is a pipeline network analysis device that performs hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by a plurality of pipelines to calculate a pipeline network characteristic value at an arbitrary water demand point, the pipeline network analysis device including: a pipeline division processing unit that divides a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes in advance; a specific water demand point setting unit that sets a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point; a flow rate coefficient provisional setting unit that provisionally sets a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient of the same value for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water distribution reservoir to the specific water demand point; and a process of performing hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network in which the candidate value of the flow rate coefficient has been provisionally set to calculate the pipeline network characteristic value by performing a process of performing hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network in which the candidate value of the flow rate coefficient has been provisionally set to calculate all of the predetermined candidate values. the hydraulic analysis unit repeats the processes performed by the specific water demand point setting unit, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit, the hydraulic analysis unit, and the flow rate coefficient determination unit for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic value; a hydraulic analysis unit that repeats the processes performed by the specific water demand point setting unit, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit, the hydraulic analysis unit, and the flow rate coefficient determination unit for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic value; and a display processing unit that displays the water distribution pipeline network on a display device , wherein the display processing unit displays the display mode, including the display color of each pipeline, in accordance with the value of the flow rate coefficient determined by the flow rate coefficient determination unit.

同第三の特徴構成は、上述した第一または第二の特徴構成に加えて、前記流速係数仮設定部は、既に流速係数が確定した管路以外の管路に対して実行する点にある。 The third characteristic configuration is, in addition to the first or second characteristic configuration described above, in that the provisional flow velocity coefficient setting unit executes the process for pipelines other than pipelines for which the flow velocity coefficient has already been determined.

同第四の特徴構成は、上述した第一から第三の何れかの特徴構成に加えて、前記管路属性は、管の布設年度、管種、口径、配水区画、管路機能の何れか一つまたは複数の組合せを含む点にある。 The fourth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any of the first to third characteristic configurations described above, the pipeline attributes include one or a combination of the year of pipe installation, pipe type, diameter, water distribution section, and pipeline function.

以上説明した通り、本発明によれば、様々なＣ値を採り得る複数の管路で構成された管路網に対して、各管路のＣ値を効率的に適切な値に設定できる管路網解析方法および管路網解析装置を提供することができるようになった。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a pipeline network analysis method and pipeline network analysis device that can efficiently set the C value of each pipeline to an appropriate value for a pipeline network composed of multiple pipelines that can have various C values.

管路網解析装置の機能ブロック構成図Functional block diagram of the pipeline network analyzer （ａ）～（ｃ）は管路網の説明図(a) to (c) are diagrams illustrating the pipeline network. 管路のグループ分割の説明図Diagram of group division of pipelines （ａ）～（ｆ）はＣ値を求める管路網解析の手順の説明図(a) to (f) are explanatory diagrams of the procedure for pipeline network analysis to determine the C value. 管路網解析方法の説明図Illustration of pipeline network analysis method （ａ），（ｂ）は水理解析演算の説明図(a) and (b) are explanatory diagrams of hydraulic analysis calculations.

以下、図面に基づいて本発明による管路網解析装置および管路網解析方法を説明する。
［管路網解析装置の構成］
管路網解析装置は、ＣＰＵが搭載されたマザーボード、メモリボードなどが搭載された汎用のパーソナルコンピュータなどで構成され、ハードディスクなどのストレージデバイス、タッチパネル式の液晶ディスプレイ、キーボードやマウスなどの入力機器を備えて構成されている。 Hereinafter, a pipeline network analysis device and a pipeline network analysis method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Configuration of the Pipe Network Analysis Device]
The pipeline network analysis device is composed of a general-purpose personal computer equipped with a motherboard equipped with a CPU, a memory board, etc., and is equipped with a storage device such as a hard disk, a touch-panel liquid crystal display, and input devices such as a keyboard and a mouse.

ストレージデバイスには、システムを管理するＯＳプログラムがインストールされ、ＯＳプログラムの管理下で実行されるアプリケーションプログラムとして管路網解析プログラムがインストールされている。 An OS program that manages the system is installed on the storage device, and a pipeline network analysis program is installed as an application program that runs under the management of the OS program.

図１には、管路網解析装置１の機能ブロックが示されている。管路網解析装置１は、主にマザーボードおよびメモリボードで実現される演算部２と、主にストレージデバイスで実現されるデータ記憶部３と、液晶ディスプレイで実現される表示部４と、キーボードやマウスで実現される入力部を備え、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出するように構成されている。管路網特性値とは、管路網における水の動きや状態を把握可能な特性値をいい、水圧、残留塩素濃度、水量などの値を含む。 Figure 1 shows the functional blocks of the pipeline network analysis device 1. The pipeline network analysis device 1 includes a calculation unit 2, which is mainly realized by a motherboard and a memory board, a data storage unit 3, which is mainly realized by a storage device, a display unit 4, which is realized by an LCD display, and an input unit, which is realized by a keyboard and a mouse, and is configured to perform hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by multiple pipelines, and calculate pipeline network characteristic values at any water demand point. The pipeline network characteristic values are characteristic values that can grasp the movement and state of water in the pipeline network, and include values such as water pressure, residual chlorine concentration, and water volume.

演算部２には、管路分割処理部２１、特定水需要点設定部２２、流速係数仮設定部２３、水理解析部２４、流速係数確定部２５、ジョブ管理部２０、表示処理部２６，入力処理部２７、ジョブ管理部２０などを備えている。 The calculation unit 2 includes a pipeline division processing unit 21, a specific water demand point setting unit 22, a provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit 23, a hydraulic analysis unit 24, a flow rate coefficient determination unit 25, a job management unit 20, a display processing unit 26, an input processing unit 27, and a job management unit 20.

水理解析部２４による管路網の管路網特性値を算出する各種の解析処理を行なう前に、解析対象となる管路網を構成する各管路の流速係数Ｃが管路分割処理部２１、特定水需要点設定部２２、流速係数仮設定部２３、水理解析部２４、流速係数確定部２５およびジョブ管理部２０によって算出される。その後、算出された流速係数Ｃに基づいて水理解析部２４により各種の水理解析が実行される。 Before the hydraulic analysis unit 24 performs various analytical processes to calculate the pipeline network characteristic values of the pipeline network, the flow rate coefficient C of each pipeline that constitutes the pipeline network to be analyzed is calculated by the pipeline division processing unit 21, the specific water demand point setting unit 22, the flow rate coefficient temporary setting unit 23, the hydraulic analysis unit 24, the flow rate coefficient determination unit 25, and the job management unit 20. After that, various hydraulic analyses are performed by the hydraulic analysis unit 24 based on the calculated flow rate coefficient C.

データ記憶部３には、配水池から各水需要点までの結ぶ配水管路網を表した管路網図が格納される管路網図記憶領域３０、管路網図を構成する管路などの部品情報（管種、口径、管延長など）や布設情報（布設年月、施工業者など）などが格納される管路情報記憶領域３１、管路網図を構成する各管路をグループ分割する条件や、当該条件によってグループ分割された管路のグループ情報が格納されるグループ情報記憶領域３２、水理解析部２４による解析結果が格納される解析結果記憶領域３３、水需要点における実測データが格納される実測データ記憶領域３４などを備えている。 The data storage unit 3 includes a pipeline network diagram storage area 30 in which a pipeline network diagram showing the water distribution pipeline network connecting the water distribution reservoir to each water demand point is stored, a pipeline information storage area 31 in which component information (pipe type, diameter, pipe length, etc.) of the pipelines that make up the pipeline network diagram and installation information (installation date, construction company, etc.) are stored, a group information storage area 32 in which conditions for grouping each pipeline that makes up the pipeline network diagram and group information of the pipelines grouped according to the conditions are stored, an analysis result storage area 33 in which the analysis results by the hydraulic analysis unit 24 are stored, and an actual measurement data storage area 34 in which actual measurement data at water demand points is stored.

図２（ａ）には、配水管路網６が例示されている。配水管路網６は、上流側の配水池７から複数の水需要点８に配水するために、各水需要点８の間を接続する複数の管路９を備えて構成されている。配水管路網６では水需要点である管路同士の接続点を節点と称する。 2(a) illustrates a water distribution pipeline network 6. The water distribution pipeline network 6 is configured with a plurality of pipelines 9 that connect each of the water demand points 8 in order to distribute water from an upstream water distribution reservoir 7 to the plurality of water demand points 8. In the water distribution pipeline network 6, the connection points between the pipelines, which are water demand points, are called nodes.

例えば、水理解析部２４において節点水頭法を用いた水理解析で各節点の水頭を算出する場合、上述したヘーゼン・ウィリアムズの式
Ｈ＝１０．６６６×（Ｌ×Ｑ^１．８５）／（Ｃ^１．８５×ｄ^４．８７）
と、図６（ａ）で例示する節点８における流量の連続条件式である流量方程式
Σ（±Ｑ_ｉｊ）＝Ｐ_ｉ
および、図６（ｂ）に示す閉管路方程式
Σ（±Ｈ_ｋｓ）－δＥ_ｋ＝０
の連立解として求まる。 For example, when the hydraulic analysis unit 24 calculates the hydraulic head of each node by hydraulic analysis using the nodal head method, the above-mentioned Hazen-Williams formula H=10.666×(L×Q ^1.85 )/(C ^1.85 ×d ^4.87 ) is used.
and the flow rate equation Σ(±Q _ij )=P _i
And the closed pipe equation Σ(±H _ks )−δE _k =0 shown in FIG.
This is found as a simultaneous solution of the following:

ここで、Ｈは管の摩擦損失水頭（ｍ）、Ｌは管長（ｍ）、Ｑは流量（ｍ^３／ｓ）、ｄは管の実内径（ｍ）、Ｃは流速係数であり、Ｑ_ｉｊは注目する節点に接続される各管路の流量であり、Ｐ_ｉは節点からの給水量である。また、閉管路方程式は、管路網内の水は全体のエネルギー損失が最小となるように、すなわち管路数がＪの管路網では、ΣＱ_ｊＨ_ｊ、ｊ＝１～Ｊが最小となるように流れる。流量方程式を制約条件としてΣＱ_ｊＨ_ｊ→ｍｉｎを解くことによって閉管路方程式が得られる。 Here, H is the friction head loss of the pipe (m), L is the pipe length (m), Q is the flow rate ( ^m3 /s), d is the actual inner diameter of the pipe (m), C is the flow velocity coefficient, _Qij is the flow rate of each pipeline connected to the node of interest, and _P _i is the amount of water supplied from the node. Furthermore, the closed pipeline equation states that water in a pipeline network flows so that the overall energy loss is minimized, that is, in a pipeline network with J pipelines, _ΣQjHj , _j = 1 to J is minimized. The closed pipeline equation can be obtained by solving _ΣQjHj →min using the flow rate equation as a constraint.

予備的にＣ値として仮の値を設定するとともに、管路情報記憶領域３１から管長、管径、配水池を含む各節点の高さなど必要な情報を読み出すとともに、水需要点から取り出される水量などを設定した後に、上述の数式に代入して連立解を求めることにより、図２（ｂ）に矢印で示すような各管路を流れる流向が求まる。そして、図２（ｃ）に太い実線で示すように、例えば、実際の測定個所が節点８ｎであると仮定すると、配水池７から節点８ｎに向けて配水されるために必要な管路９が特定される。 A provisional value is set as the C value in advance, and necessary information such as the pipe length, pipe diameter, and height of each node including the reservoir is read from the pipeline information storage area 31. The amount of water extracted from the water demand point is set, and then these are substituted into the above formula to obtain a simultaneous solution, which determines the flow direction through each pipeline as shown by the arrows in Figure 2(b). Then, as shown by the thick solid line in Figure 2(c), if it is assumed that the actual measurement point is node 8n, for example, the pipeline 9 required to distribute water from the reservoir 7 to node 8n is identified.

管路分割処理部２１は、予め管路網を構成する複数の管路を所定の管路属性に基づいて複数のグループに分割する処理部である。所定の管路属性とは管路の流速係数Ｃが同じ値を示すと仮定できる属性であり、管の布設年度、管種、口径、配水区画、管路機能の何れか一つまたは複数の組合せが含まれる。布設年度が近接する管路や同じ管種、口径、配水区画、管路機能であれば、流速係数Ｃが同じ値を示すと仮定される。本実施形態では、布設年度、管種、口径に基づいて管路網を構成する各管路がグループに分割される。 The pipeline division processing unit 21 is a processing unit that divides the multiple pipelines that make up the pipeline network into multiple groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes. The predetermined pipeline attributes are attributes that can be assumed to have the same value of the pipeline flow velocity coefficient C, and include one or more combinations of the year of installation, pipe type, diameter, water distribution section, and pipeline function. Pipes that were installed in close proximity to each other in the year of installation or have the same pipe type, diameter, water distribution section, and pipeline function are assumed to have the same value of flow velocity coefficient C. In this embodiment, each pipeline that makes up the pipeline network is divided into groups based on the year of installation, pipe type, and diameter.

図３の左側にはある管路網を構成する管路番号１から２０の２０本の管路の管種、口径、布設年度が例示されている。これを管種Ｄ，Ｓ，Ｃを同一グループＰ１に、管種Ｖを他のグループＰ２にグループ化し、口径１００ｍｍをグループＤ１に、口径１５０，２００をグループＤ２にグループ化し、布設年度に応じてＹ１からＹ４にグループ化すると、図３の右側に示しように、８パターンにグループ化できる。なお、管種Ｄはダクタイル鋳鉄管、管種Ｓは鋼管、管種Ｃは鋳鉄管、管種Ｖは塩化ビニル管を示す。なお、図３に示す管路は図２に示す管路網とは無関係であり、単にグループ分割手法を例示するものである。 The left side of Figure 3 shows an example of the pipe type, diameter, and installation year of 20 pipelines, numbered 1 to 20, that make up a pipeline network. If pipe types D, S, and C are grouped together in the same group P1 and pipe type V in another group P2, diameters of 100 mm are grouped in group D1, diameters of 150 and 200 mm are grouped in group D2, and the groups are grouped Y1 to Y4 according to the installation year, then eight grouping patterns can be obtained, as shown on the right side of Figure 3. Note that pipe type D is ductile cast iron pipe, pipe type S is steel pipe, pipe type C is cast iron pipe, and pipe type V is polyvinyl chloride pipe. Note that the pipelines shown in Figure 3 are unrelated to the pipeline network shown in Figure 2, and are merely an example of a group division method.

特定水需要点設定部２２は、管路網特性値の実測値を有する水需要点を特定水需要点に設定する処理部である。流速係数仮設定部２３は、配水池７から特定水需要点に配水する特定管路網を構成する各管路に対してグループ毎に同じ値の流速係数の候補値を仮設定する処理部である。 The specific water demand point setting unit 22 is a processing unit that sets a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point. The provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit 23 is a processing unit that provisionally sets the same candidate value of the flow rate coefficient for each group for each pipeline that constitutes a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the distribution reservoir 7 to a specific water demand point.

例えば、特定水需要点設定部２２により、図２（ｃ）の節点８ｎを特定水需要点に設定すると、流速係数仮設定部２３により、図２（ｃ）に太線で示した１２本の管路９が特定管路網として設定される。そして、特定管路網を構成する管路９に対して、グループ毎に予め設定した複数の流速係数Ｃの何れかが候補値として設定される。例えば、流速係数Ｃとして０から１５０までを５刻みに０，５，１０，・・・，１４０，１４５，１５０と候補値を設定することができる。なお、流速係数Ｃの範囲および刻み数は適宜設定すればよく、この例に限るものではない。 For example, when the specific water demand point setting unit 22 sets node 8n in FIG. 2(c) as a specific water demand point, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit 23 sets the 12 pipelines 9 shown in bold in FIG. 2(c) as a specific pipeline network. Then, for the pipelines 9 that make up the specific pipeline network, one of a number of flow rate coefficients C previously set for each group is set as a candidate value. For example, the candidate values for the flow rate coefficient C can be set as 0, 5, 10, ..., 140, 145, 150 in increments of 5 from 0 to 150. Note that the range and increments of the flow rate coefficient C can be set as appropriate and are not limited to this example.

水理解析部２４は、特定水需要点設定部２２により流速係数Ｃの候補値が仮設定された特定管路網に対して、実測値に基づいて各節点の水量などを設定し、水理解析を実行して管路網特性値を算出する処理を予め設定した全ての候補値に対して繰り返す。管路網特性値として特定水需要点８ｎの水圧、残留塩素濃度、または水量などが例示できる。 The hydraulic analysis unit 24 sets the water volume of each node based on the actual measured value for the specific pipeline network for which the candidate value of the flow rate coefficient C has been provisionally set by the specific water demand point setting unit 22, and repeats the process of performing hydraulic analysis to calculate the pipeline network characteristic value for all previously set candidate values. Examples of the pipeline network characteristic value include the water pressure, residual chlorine concentration, or water volume at the specific water demand point 8n.

残留塩素濃度を求めるモデル式として、以下の数式が用いられる。
Ｍ_ｔ／Ｍ_０＝ｅｘｐ（－k/ｔ）、
ｋ＝ｅｘｐ（－α・ｄ＋βＴ＋γ）
ここで、Ｍは初期残留塩素濃度（ｍｇ／ｌ）、Ｍはｔ時間経過後の残留塩素濃度（ｍｇ／ｌ）、ｋは残留塩素濃度減少速度係数（ｈｒ^－１）、ｔは経過時間、ｄは管の実内径、Ｔは水温、α、β、γは管路の口径、水温を反映する係数である。なお、上述したモデル式は管路の口径を考慮した残留塩素濃度減少速度係数を用いたモデル式であり、これ以外のモデル式、例えば管路の口径を考慮しないモデル式を用いることも可能である。 The following formula is used as a model formula for calculating the residual chlorine concentration.
_Mt / _M0 =exp(-k/t),
k = exp(-α·d + βT + γ)
Here, M is the initial residual chlorine concentration (mg/l), M is the residual chlorine concentration after t hours have elapsed (mg/l), k is the residual chlorine concentration reduction rate coefficient (hr ^-1 ), t is the elapsed time, d is the actual inner diameter of the pipe, T is the water temperature, and α, β, and γ are coefficients reflecting the diameter of the pipe and the water temperature. Note that the above-mentioned model formula uses the residual chlorine concentration reduction rate coefficient taking into account the diameter of the pipe, and it is also possible to use other model formulas, for example, a model formula that does not take into account the diameter of the pipe.

流速係数確定部２５は、特定水需要点８ｎにおける実測値と水理解析部２４で得られる管路網特性値の解析値とを対比して、双方の値のばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数Ｃの候補値に基づいて、特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数Ｃを確定する。例えば、所定の許容範囲として解析値が実測値に対して±１０％の範囲に入る候補値を抽出し、それらを統計処理、例えば平均処理して得られる値を流速係数Ｃとして確定することができる。なお、所定の許容範囲とは適宜設定可能な範囲であり、上述した数値範囲に限るものではない。また、統計処理も平均値を求める処理に限るものではない。 The flow velocity coefficient determination unit 25 compares the actual measurement value at the specific water demand point 8n with the analysis value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained by the hydraulic analysis unit 24, and determines the flow velocity coefficient C of the pipelines that make up the specific pipeline network based on the candidate value of the flow velocity coefficient C where the variation of both values falls within a specified tolerance range. For example, it is possible to extract candidate values where the analysis value falls within a range of ±10% of the actual measurement value as the specified tolerance range, and to determine the value obtained by statistically processing these, for example by averaging, as the flow velocity coefficient C. Note that the specified tolerance range is a range that can be set appropriately, and is not limited to the numerical range described above. Furthermore, the statistical processing is not limited to the process of finding an average value.

水理解析で管路網特性値として各節点の水頭を算出する場合には算出した水頭値と実測値と対比し、水理解析で管路網特性値として各節点から取り出す流量を算出する場合には算出した流量値と実測値と対比し、水理解析で管路網特性値として各節点から取り出す水の残留塩素濃度を算出する場合には算出した残留塩素濃度と実測値と対比すればよい。 When calculating the head at each node as a pipeline network characteristic value in hydraulic analysis, compare the calculated head value with the actual measured value; when calculating the flow rate extracted from each node as a pipeline network characteristic value in hydraulic analysis, compare the calculated flow rate value with the actual measured value; when calculating the residual chlorine concentration of water extracted from each node as a pipeline network characteristic value in hydraulic analysis, compare the calculated residual chlorine concentration with the actual measured value.

ジョブ管理部２０は、特定水需要点設定部２２と、流速係数仮設定部２３と、水理解析部２４と、流速係数確定部２５で実行する上述の処理を、管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点に対して繰り返すことにより、管路網を構成する全管路の流速係数Ｃを確定するように管理する。 The job management unit 20 repeats the above-mentioned processing executed by the specific water demand point setting unit 22, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit 23, the hydraulic analysis unit 24, and the flow rate coefficient determination unit 25 for multiple water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values, thereby managing to determine the flow rate coefficient C of all the pipelines that make up the pipeline network.

具体的に、ジョブ管理部２０は、管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点のうち配水池７に近い上流側の水需要点８から下流側の水需要点８の順に繰り返すように一連の処理を管理することで、上流側の水需要点８に配水される管路９の流速係数Ｃを確定した後に、さらに下流側の水需要点８に配水される管路９の流速係数Ｃを確定する処理を繰り返すことで、最小限の演算負荷で各管路９の流速係数Ｃを確定することができる。 Specifically, the job management unit 20 manages a series of processes to repeat the process from the upstream water demand point 8 closest to the water reservoir 7 among multiple water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values to the downstream water demand point 8, thereby determining the flow rate coefficient C of the pipeline 9 that distributes water to the upstream water demand point 8, and then repeating the process of determining the flow rate coefficient C of the pipeline 9 that distributes water to the downstream water demand point 8, thereby making it possible to determine the flow rate coefficient C of each pipeline 9 with a minimal computational load.

このとき、流速係数仮設定部２３は、上流側の水需要点８に対する演算で既に流速係数Ｃが確定した管路以外の管路、つまり下流側の水需要点８に対する演算で流速係数Ｃが未確定の管路に対してグループ毎に流速係数Ｃの候補値を設定するように構成されている。 At this time, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit 23 is configured to set a candidate value of the flow rate coefficient C for each group for pipelines other than those for which the flow rate coefficient C has already been determined in the calculation for the upstream water demand point 8, i.e., pipelines for which the flow rate coefficient C has not yet been determined in the calculation for the downstream water demand point 8.

このようにして解析対象となる管路網に対して各管路の流速係数Ｃが確定すると、表示処理部２６は表示部４に管路網を表示するとともに、流速係数確定部２５で確定した流速係数Ｃの値に応じて各管路の表示色を異ならせるなど、表示態様を異ならせて表示する。例えば、値の大きな流速係数Ｃから値の小さな流速係数Ｃの順に管路の表示色を暖色から寒色に色調を変化させるなどである。また、値の大きな流速係数Ｃから値の小さな流速係数Ｃの順に管路の太さを次第に細くなるように変化させてもよく、色と太さを組み合わせてもよい。 When the flow velocity coefficient C of each pipeline for the pipeline network to be analyzed is determined in this manner, the display processing unit 26 displays the pipeline network on the display unit 4, and also displays the pipeline in different display modes, such as by changing the display color of each pipeline according to the value of the flow velocity coefficient C determined by the flow velocity coefficient determination unit 25. For example, the display color of the pipelines may change from warm to cool in the order from large flow velocity coefficient C to small flow velocity coefficient C. In addition, the thickness of the pipelines may be changed so that they gradually become thinner in the order from large flow velocity coefficient C to small flow velocity coefficient C, or a combination of color and thickness may be used.

さらには、予め全ての管路を一色で表示しておくとともに、画面に値の大きな流速係数Ｃから値の小さな流速係数Ｃの順に管路の表示色を暖色から寒色に色調を変化させたカラーバーを表示し、対応するカラーバーの任意の表示色をマウスで指示したときに管路網を構成する管路のうち、該当する管路の表示色を同色に変化させてもよいし、点滅させてもよい。 Furthermore, all the pipelines are displayed in one color in advance, and a color bar is displayed on the screen in which the display color of the pipeline changes from warm to cool in the order of the flow velocity coefficient C with the largest value to the smallest value. When any display color on the corresponding color bar is selected with the mouse, the display color of the corresponding pipeline among those that make up the pipeline network may be changed to the same color or may be made to blink.

［管路網解析方法の構成］
上述した管路網解析装置を用いて実行される管路網解析方法の手順について説明する。
本発明による管路網解析方法は、配水池と個々の水需要点とを複数の管路で接続した配水管路網に対して水理解析を実行して任意の水需要点での管路網特性値を算出する管路網解析方法である。管路網解析プログラムが起動され、初期画面に表示される流速係数Ｃ値設定アイコンが入力部５を介して選択されると流速係数Ｃ値の設定プログラムが起動される。 [Configuration of the pipeline network analysis method]
The procedure of the pipeline network analysis method executed by using the above-mentioned pipeline network analysis device will be described.
The pipeline network analysis method according to the present invention is a pipeline network analysis method in which hydraulic analysis is performed on a water distribution pipeline network in which a reservoir and each water demand point are connected by a plurality of pipelines to calculate a pipeline network characteristic value at any water demand point. When the pipeline network analysis program is started and a flow velocity coefficient C value setting icon displayed on the initial screen is selected via the input unit 5, a flow velocity coefficient C value setting program is started.

図５に示すように、先ず管路分割処理ステップが実行される。ジョブ管理部２０が起動してデータ記憶部３から管路網を構成する情報、つまり管路網図および管路網を構成する部品情報が内部メモリに読み込まれ、続いて管路分割処理部２１を起動する（Ｓ１）。管路分割処理部２１は上述した布設年度、管種、口径に基づいて各管路をグループに分割して、その分割情報をグループ情報記憶領域３２に格納する（Ｓ２）。管路網を構成する管路は通し番号で識別可能に管理され、図３で示したように管種、口径、布設年度に基づいてグループ化される。 As shown in FIG. 5, the pipeline division processing step is executed first. The job management unit 20 is started and the information constituting the pipeline network, i.e., the pipeline network diagram and the information on the parts constituting the pipeline network, is read from the data storage unit 3 into the internal memory, and then the pipeline division processing unit 21 is started (S1). The pipeline division processing unit 21 divides each pipeline into groups based on the above-mentioned installation year, pipe type, and diameter, and stores the division information in the group information storage area 32 (S2). The pipelines constituting the pipeline network are managed so that they can be identified by serial numbers, and are grouped based on the pipe type, diameter, and installation year as shown in FIG. 3.

次に、特定水需要点設定ステップおよび流速係数仮設定ステップが実行される。特定水需要点設定部２２により、配水池の上流側の節点が特定需要点に設定され（Ｓ３）、配水池から特定需要点まで配水する特定管路網が生成される（Ｓ４）。図４（ａ）に示すように、配水池７に近い地点１の節点が特定需要点として選択され、図４（ｂ）に示すように、配水池７から地点１の節点への配水に用いられる管路（図４（ｂ）では太い実線で示されている）が特定管路網となる。 Next, a specific water demand point setting step and a temporary flow rate coefficient setting step are executed. The specific water demand point setting unit 22 sets the node on the upstream side of the reservoir as the specific demand point (S3), and a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the reservoir to the specific demand point is generated (S4). As shown in Fig. 4(a), the node at point 1 close to the reservoir 7 is selected as the specific demand point, and as shown in Fig. 4(b), the pipeline used to distribute water from the reservoir 7 to the node at point 1 (shown by a thick solid line in Fig. 4(b)) becomes the specific pipeline network.

特定管路網を構成する各管路に対して予め分割されたグループ毎に流速係数Ｃの候補地が仮設定されるとともに、特定管路網に含まれる管路を流れる水量が実測値に基づいて割り付けられる（Ｓ５）。 For each pipeline that constitutes the specific pipeline network, a candidate location for the flow rate coefficient C is provisionally set for each group that has been divided in advance, and the amount of water flowing through the pipelines included in the specific pipeline network is assigned based on the actual measured value (S5).

次に、水理解析ステップが実行される。水理解析部２４は、流速係数Ｃの候補値を仮設定した特定管路網に対して水理解析を実行して管路網特性値を算出する。ステップＳ５およびステップＳ６が、グループ毎に設定された複数の流速係数Ｃの候補値の全ての組合せに対して繰り返し実行され、その結果がデータ記憶部３の解析結果記憶領域３３に格納される（Ｓ７）。 Next, a hydraulic analysis step is performed. The hydraulic analysis unit 24 performs hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network for which the candidate values for the flow velocity coefficient C have been provisionally set, to calculate the pipeline network characteristic values. Steps S5 and S6 are repeatedly performed for all combinations of the candidate values for the multiple flow velocity coefficients C set for each group, and the results are stored in the analysis result storage area 33 of the data storage unit 3 (S7).

次に、流速係数確定ステップが実行される。解析結果記憶領域３３に格納された実測値および解析値が流速係数確定部２５によって読み出されて比較され（Ｓ８）、実測値と解析値とのばらつきが所定の許容範囲に収まる流速係数の候補値に基づいて、特定管路網を構成する管路の流速係数Ｃを確定する（Ｓ９）。すなわち、上述したように、解析値が実測値に対して±１０％の範囲に入る候補値を抽出し、それらを平均処理して得られる値を流速係数Ｃとして確定する。 Next, a flow velocity coefficient determination step is executed. The actual measurement value and analysis value stored in the analysis result storage area 33 are read and compared by the flow velocity coefficient determination unit 25 (S8), and the flow velocity coefficient C of the pipelines that make up the specific pipeline network is determined based on the candidate value of the flow velocity coefficient for which the variation between the actual measurement value and the analysis value falls within a predetermined tolerance range (S9). That is, as described above, candidate values for which the analysis value falls within a range of ±10% of the actual measurement value are extracted, and the value obtained by averaging these is determined as the flow velocity coefficient C.

次に、図４（ｃ）に示すように、上述した特定需要点よりも下流側の地点２における節点を新たな水需要点に設定し、図４（ｄ）に示すように、配水池７から当該新たな水需要点まで配水に用いられる管路（図４（ｄ）では太い実線で示されている）が特定管路網として生成され、当該特定管路網に対して、ステップＳ５からＳ９が実行される。このとき、流速係数仮設定ステップ（Ｓ５）は、既に流速係数が既に確定した管路以外の管路に対して実行される。 Next, as shown in FIG. 4(c), the node at point 2 downstream of the specific demand point described above is set as a new water demand point, and as shown in FIG. 4(d), the pipeline used for water distribution from the reservoir 7 to the new water demand point (shown by a thick solid line in FIG. 4(d)) is generated as a specific pipeline network, and steps S5 to S9 are executed for the specific pipeline network. At this time, the provisional flow rate coefficient setting step (S5) is executed for pipelines other than those for which the flow rate coefficient has already been determined.

つまり、特定水需要点設定ステップから流速係数確定ステップまでの一連のステップが繰り返される際に、同じグループに属する管路でも、上流側の水需要点に対する流速係数確定ステップで確定した管路についてはその流速係数に固定され、流速係数が未確定の管路に対して流速係数仮設定ステップが実行される。そのため、同じグループに属する管路であっても異なる流速係数に設定可能になるという柔軟性が確保でき、また演算負荷の軽減を図ることもできるようになる。 In other words, when the series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow rate coefficient determination step are repeated, even for pipelines belonging to the same group, the flow rate coefficient is fixed for the pipelines that were determined in the flow rate coefficient determination step for the upstream water demand point, and the flow rate coefficient tentative setting step is executed for pipelines whose flow rate coefficients have not yet been determined. This ensures the flexibility of being able to set different flow rate coefficients even for pipelines that belong to the same group, and also makes it possible to reduce the computational load.

ジョブ管理部２０は、特定水需要点設定ステップ（Ｓ５）から流速係数確定ステップ（Ｓ９）までの一連のステップを、管路網特性値の実測値を有する複数の水需要点、好ましくは全ての水需要点に対して繰り返すようにジョブ管理を行ない、全ての管路で確定した流速係数Ｃを解析結果記憶領域３３に格納する（Ｓ１０）。 The job management unit 20 performs job management so that a series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step (S5) to the flow rate coefficient determination step (S9) are repeated for multiple water demand points, preferably all water demand points, that have actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values, and stores the flow rate coefficients C determined for all pipelines in the analysis result memory area 33 (S10).

このようにして、管路網を構成する全ての管路に対して流速係数Ｃを確定すると、表示処理部２６が起動して、表示部４に管路網を表示するとともに、流速係数確定部２５で確定した流速係数Ｃの値に応じて各管路の表示色を異ならせるなど、表示態様を異ならせて表示する。 When the flow velocity coefficient C is determined in this manner for all the pipelines that make up the pipeline network, the display processing unit 26 is activated to display the pipeline network on the display unit 4, and the pipelines are displayed in different display modes, such as by changing the display color of each pipeline depending on the value of the flow velocity coefficient C determined by the flow velocity coefficient determination unit 25.

なお、上述したステップＳ５からステップＳ９までの一連の処理は、一つの特定水需要点に対して日時が異なる複数の実測データに対して実行することが好ましく、例えば１日当たり１時間毎の実測データで月曜日から日曜日までの２４×７種類の実測データに対して実行することが好ましい。休日と平日で水の消費パターンが異なることを考慮するものである。 The above-mentioned series of processes from step S5 to step S9 are preferably performed on multiple pieces of actual measurement data with different dates and times for one specific water demand point. For example, it is preferable to perform the process on 24 x 7 types of actual measurement data for every hour per day from Monday to Sunday. This takes into account the fact that water consumption patterns differ between holidays and weekdays.

なお、各水需要点の実測データに基づいて、水需要点毎に基準流量を設定しておき、曜日や時間帯ごとに実測値に対応した水量となるように補正のための時間係数を決定しておき、当該時間係数に従って設定した水量を対応する水需要点に割り付けるように構成すると、水理解析の初期条件の設定が容易になる。 In addition, if a standard flow rate is set for each water demand point based on the actual measurement data of each water demand point, and a time coefficient is determined for correction so that the water volume corresponds to the actual measurement value for each day of the week and time period, and the water volume set according to the time coefficient is assigned to the corresponding water demand point, it becomes easier to set the initial conditions for hydraulic analysis.

上述した実施形態は、本発明の一実施形態に過ぎず、該記載により本発明の範囲が限定されるものではなく、管路網解析装置などの具体的な構成は本発明の作用効果が奏される範囲で適宜変更設計可能である。 The above-described embodiment is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the description. The specific configuration of the pipeline network analysis device, etc. can be appropriately modified and designed within the scope of the effect of the present invention.

１：管路網解析装置
２：演算処理部
３：データ記憶部
４：表示部
５：入力部
２０：ジョブ管理部
２１：管路分割処理部
２２：特定水需要点設定部
２３：流速係数設定部
２４：水理解析部
２５：流速係数確定部
２６：表示処理部
２７：入力処理部 1: Pipe network analysis device 2: Calculation processing unit 3: Data storage unit 4: Display unit 5: Input unit 20: Job management unit 21: Pipe division processing unit 22: Specific water demand point setting unit 23: Flow rate coefficient setting unit 24: Hydraulic analysis unit 25: Flow rate coefficient determination unit 26: Display processing unit 27: Input processing unit

Claims

A pipeline network analysis method for calculating a pipeline characteristic value at an arbitrary water demand point by performing hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and each water demand point are connected by a plurality of pipelines, comprising:
a pipeline division processing step of dividing a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes;
a specific water demand point setting step of setting a water demand point having the actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point;
a provisional flow rate coefficient setting step of provisionally setting a candidate value of the same flow rate coefficient for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water reservoir to the specific water demand point;
a hydraulic analysis step of performing hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network for which candidate values of flow velocity coefficients have been provisionally set, and repeating a process of calculating the pipeline network characteristic value for all candidate values set in advance;
a flow rate coefficient determining step of determining a flow rate coefficient of a pipeline constituting the specific pipeline network based on a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient in which the variation between the actual measurement value at the specific water demand point and the analysis value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained in the hydraulic analysis step falls within a predetermined allowable range;
Including,
A series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow rate coefficient determination step are repeated in the order of the upstream water demand point close to the reservoir to the downstream water demand point among a plurality of water demand points having the actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values.

A pipeline network analysis method for calculating a pipeline characteristic value at an arbitrary water demand point by performing hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and each water demand point are connected by a plurality of pipelines, comprising:
a pipeline division processing step of dividing a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes;
a specific water demand point setting step of setting a water demand point having the actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point;
a provisional flow rate coefficient setting step of provisionally setting a candidate value of the same flow rate coefficient for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water reservoir to the specific water demand point;
a hydraulic analysis step of performing hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network for which candidate values of flow velocity coefficients have been provisionally set, and repeating a process of calculating the pipeline network characteristic value for all candidate values set in advance;
a flow rate coefficient determining step of determining a flow rate coefficient of a pipeline constituting the specific pipeline network based on a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient in which the variation between the actual measurement value at the specific water demand point and the analysis value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained in the hydraulic analysis step falls within a predetermined allowable range;
A display step of displaying the water distribution pipeline network on a display device;
Including,
A series of steps from the specific water demand point setting step to the flow rate coefficient determination step are repeated for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values;
The pipeline network analysis method, wherein the display step displays each pipeline in a different display mode, including a display color, depending on the value of the flow velocity coefficient determined in the flow velocity coefficient determination step.

3. The pipeline network analysis method according to claim 1 , wherein the provisional flow velocity coefficient setting step is performed for pipelines other than pipelines whose flow velocity coefficients have already been determined.

The pipeline network analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pipeline attributes include one or a combination of the following: year of installation of the pipeline, type of pipe, diameter, water distribution section, and pipeline function.

A pipeline network analysis device that performs hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by a plurality of pipelines to calculate a pipeline network characteristic value at any water demand point,
a pipeline division processing unit that divides a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes;
a specific water demand point setting unit that sets a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point;
a provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit that provisionally sets a candidate value of the same flow rate coefficient for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water reservoir to the specific water demand point;
a hydraulic analysis unit that executes hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network for which candidate values of flow velocity coefficients have been provisionally set, and repeats a process of calculating the pipeline network characteristic value for all candidate values that have been set in advance;
a flow rate coefficient determining unit that determines a flow rate coefficient of a pipeline that constitutes the specific pipeline network based on a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient that has a variation between an actual measurement value at the specific water demand point and an analysis value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained by the hydraulic analysis unit within a predetermined allowable range;
a job management unit that repeats the processes executed by the specific water demand point setting unit, the temporary flow rate coefficient setting unit, the hydraulic analysis unit, and the flow rate coefficient determination unit for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values;
Equipped with
The pipeline network analysis device is characterized in that the job management unit manages a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values in a repeated manner, starting from the upstream water demand point close to the distribution reservoir to the downstream water demand point .

A pipeline network analysis device that performs hydraulic analysis on a water distribution pipeline network in which a water distribution reservoir and individual water demand points are connected by a plurality of pipelines to calculate a pipeline network characteristic value at any water demand point,
a pipeline division processing unit that divides a plurality of pipelines into a plurality of groups based on predetermined pipeline attributes;
a specific water demand point setting unit that sets a water demand point having an actual measured value of the pipeline network characteristic value to a specific water demand point;
a provisional flow rate coefficient setting unit that provisionally sets a candidate value of the same flow rate coefficient for each of the groups for each pipeline constituting a specific pipeline network that distributes water from the water reservoir to the specific water demand point;
a hydraulic analysis unit that executes hydraulic analysis on the specific pipeline network for which candidate values of flow velocity coefficients have been provisionally set, and repeats a process of calculating the pipeline network characteristic value for all candidate values that have been set in advance;
a flow rate coefficient determining unit that determines a flow rate coefficient of a pipeline that constitutes the specific pipeline network based on a candidate value of a flow rate coefficient that has a variation between an actual measurement value at the specific water demand point and an analysis value of the pipeline network characteristic value obtained by the hydraulic analysis unit within a predetermined allowable range;
a job management unit that repeats the processes executed by the specific water demand point setting unit, the temporary flow rate coefficient setting unit, the hydraulic analysis unit, and the flow rate coefficient determination unit for a plurality of water demand points having actual measured values of the pipeline network characteristic values;
A display processing unit that displays the water distribution pipeline network on a display device ;
Equipped with
The pipeline network analysis device, wherein the display processing unit changes the display mode including the display color of each pipeline depending on the value of the flow velocity coefficient determined by the flow velocity coefficient determination unit.

7. The pipeline network analysis device according to claim 5 , wherein the temporary flow velocity coefficient setting unit executes the process for pipelines other than pipelines whose flow velocity coefficients have already been determined.

8. The pipeline network analysis device according to claim 5, wherein the pipeline attributes include one or a combination of the following: year of installation of the pipeline, type of pipe, diameter, water distribution section, and pipeline function.