JP7514084B2 - Crushing blade for vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a crushing blade for a vertical crusher for crushing objects such as bulky garbage and industrial waste, and in particular to a crushing blade used in a breaker for roughly crushing the objects.

The amount of material to be crushed, such as bulky garbage and industrial waste, is increasing year by year, and in Japan, vertical crushers are used to crush the material, which are more space-efficient than horizontal types. As is well known, vertical crushers are configured to roughly crush the material fed into the casing from above with a breaker, and then finely crush it to a specified size with a grinder located below the breaker.

In such vertical crushers, objects to be crushed, which have various dimensions, shapes, and weights, must be roughly crushed by a breaker into a size suitable for fine crushing by a grinder. On the other hand, when we look at the objects to be crushed, there is a mixture of objects with different shapes, dimensions, weight balance, etc., such as home appliances, which are bulky but have a large internal space, and black motors, which are small in volume but hard and difficult to break.

Conventional breakers are generally configured to either use a rotating rod-shaped breaker to knock the objects to be crushed off and collide with a liner attached to the inner wall of the casing to crush them (see Patent Documents 1 and 2), or to cut and crush various mixed objects to be crushed using crushing blades attached to the tip of the rotating rod-shaped breaker in the direction of rotation (see Patent Document 3). Therefore, when crushing objects that are particularly large in volume but have a large internal space, such as refrigerators with uneven weight balance, the objects to be crushed are scooped up by the rotating breaker and roll, preventing them from being crushed, and it takes time for the crushing blades to act on the objects to be crushed. If it takes a long time to crush the material into pieces of a size that can be sent to the grinder, the pieces will not be sent from the breaker to the downstream grinder, and the entire crusher will idle for a period of time, unnecessarily lengthening the crushing process time, which is a factor that causes reduced work efficiency and increased processing costs.

JP 2010-36145 A JP 2013-132631 A JP 2003-10708 A

The object of the present invention is to provide a crushing blade for a vertical crusher that can reliably crush objects to be crushed using the breaker, which is the first stage of the vertical crusher operation, thereby avoiding idle time for the crusher, improving the work efficiency of the crushing process, and reducing the cost of crushing objects to be crushed.

The crushing blade used in the breaker of the vertical crusher according to the present invention includes a connecting part, one end of which is attached to a rotating shaft arranged rotatably on the central axis of a cylindrical casing having a liner on the inner wall surface so as to rotate on the support plate at the top of the frame arranged inside the casing, and a crushing part provided on the front surface of the rotating direction side of the connecting part.

The crushing portion of the crushing blade according to the present invention can also be configured to include a planar blade having a square, generally vertically extending flat surface portion and a tapered surface portion that gradually inclines in a direction opposite the direction of rotation as it moves downward from the lower end of the flat surface portion, and at least one conical or pyramidal protruding blade extending in the direction of rotation from the flat surface portion of the planar blade. The crushing blade according to the present invention can also include at least one conical or pyramidal protruding blade whose crushing portion extends in the direction of rotation, and can also include a planar blade whose crushing portion gradually inclines in a direction opposite the direction of rotation as it moves downward from the top.

The connecting portion of the crushing blade according to the present invention can also be formed by an arm member with one end connected to the rotating shaft, and the crushing portion can be formed by a planar blade and/or a protruding blade that can be detachably attached to the rotation direction side of the arm member. Furthermore, the arm member of the connecting portion and the planar blade or protruding blade or the planar blade and protruding blade of the crushing portion can be formed separately, and both can be detachably connected to each other. Furthermore, the arm member of the connecting portion with one end connected to the rotating shaft can be formed from a member having a square cross section, and the upper edge of one of the four faces of the arm member can be inclined so that it is positioned forward of the lower edge in the direction of rotation, allowing it to function as a planar blade.

When crushing small, hard objects such as the black motor, the objects are rotated while being held between the tapered surface of the crushing blade and the support plate, which prevents the objects from bouncing off the breaker and ensures that they collide with the liner on the inner wall of the casing and are crushed.

On the other hand, when crushing objects such as refrigerators, the protruding blades penetrate the objects to prevent them from being scooped up and rolling away, and the objects are crushed reliably by colliding them with liners attached to the inner wall surface of the casing using centrifugal force, and the tapered surface portion attached below the flat surface portion and the disk-shaped support plate located adjacent to and below the crushing blades work together to reliably crush the objects, so that the objects can be roughly crushed into pieces of a size that can be crushed in a short time and sent to a grinder for fine crushing located below the breaker.

The crushing blade of the present invention is also removably attached to the rotating arm, or the protruding blade is removably attached to the planar blade, so that if the crushing blade becomes deformed or damaged during the crushing operation, it can be easily repaired or replaced, thereby improving the efficiency of the crushing operation.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a vertical crusher using a crushing blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram of the crushing blade shown in FIG. 1 as viewed in the direction of the rotation axis. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the crushing blade shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the rotation direction side. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the crushing blade shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the outer side in the direction of the rotation radius. FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing a modified example of the crushing blade according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing another modified example of the crushing blade according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, showing yet another modified example of the crushing blade according to the embodiment of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A vertical crusher to which the crushing blade according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied is a vertical crusher having a generally general-purpose structural form, and as illustrated in FIG. 1, includes a casing 1 having a cylindrical shape, an inverted truncated cone shape, or any other suitable hollow tubular shape (cylindrical in the illustrated case), a rotating shaft 2 disposed on the central axis of the casing 1, and a motor or other suitable power source (not shown) for rotating the rotating shaft 2 via a V-belt, a gear mechanism, or any other suitable force transmission means (not shown).

A breaker 3 for roughly crushing the object to be crushed is attached to the upper end of the rotating shaft 2, and a grinder 4 for finely crushing the roughly crushed object to be crushed is attached below the breaker 3. The grinder 4 may be any means capable of finely crushing the object, and in the illustrated example, a well-known multi-stage ring hammer 41 is used. The configuration and effects of this grinder 4 are easily understood by those skilled in the art, so a description thereof will be omitted here.

The breaker 3, which is a feature of the present invention, is composed of at least one arm member 50 (two in the illustrated case) with one end connected to the rotating shaft 2, a crushing blade 5 attached to the rotation direction side of the arm member 50, and a disk-shaped support plate 6 provided adjacent to and below the crushing blade 5. As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the crushing blade 5 is composed of a planar blade 51 having a square flat surface portion 511 attached to extend approximately perpendicular to the rotation direction of the arm member 50 and a tapered surface portion 512 that gradually extends in a direction opposing the rotation direction as it extends downward from the lower end of the flat surface portion 511, and at least one (two in the illustrated case) conical or pyramidal protruding blade 52 extending in the rotation direction from the planar blade 51. Here, the support plate 6 has a structure and function similar to those used in the breakers of conventional vertical crushers, so we will not go into details here, but please note that it forms an acute-angled opening space between it and the tapered surface portion 512 of the planar blade 51.

The planar blade 51 is removably attached to the arm member 50 by a countersunk bolt 513 to avoid damage caused by the object to be crushed. The protruding blade 52 is attached to the planar blade 51 by a screw or other suitable removable means so that it can be easily repaired or replaced if it is deformed or damaged during the crushing operation.

When the crushing blade of the present invention configured as described above receives the object to be crushed from above the casing 1, it is roughly crushed by the breaker 3, as in a well-known vertical crusher, and then sent from the breaker 3 to the grinder 4 for fine crushing. When the object to be crushed is small in volume but hard and difficult to break, such as a black motor, the object to be crushed is rotated while being partially held in the space formed by the tapered surface portion 512 of the planar blade 51 and the support plate 6, so that it can be crushed by colliding reliably with the liner 11 provided on the inner wall of the casing 1. On the other hand, if the object to be crushed is bulky but has a large internal space, such as a refrigerator, the conical protruding blade 52 penetrates and holds the object to be crushed, preventing it from being scooped up and rolling away when the arm member 50 rotates. This causes the object to be crushed by colliding with the liner 11 of the casing 1 due to centrifugal force, and the tapered surface portion 512 of the planar blade 51 and the support plate 6 arranged adjacent to and below the crushing blade work together to reliably crush the object to be crushed, and roughly crushed pieces of a size that can be sent to the grinder 4 arranged below the breaker 3 can be created in a short time and sent to the grinder 4.

In the above explanation, the crushing blade 5 of the present invention has both the protruding blade 52 and the planar blade 51, but as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, it is easily understood that when the objects to be crushed are mainly those with uneven weight balance, it is sufficient to have only the protruding blade 52 (see Fig. 5), and when the objects to be crushed are small and hard, it is sufficient to have only the planar blade 51 (see Fig. 6). Furthermore, when there is only the planar blade 51, it is also easily understood that, as shown in Fig. 7, by making the arm member 50 out of a member with a square cross section and setting it so that the upper edge is positioned forward of the lower edge in the direction of rotation, one of the four faces of the arm member 50 can function as a tapered surface portion 512.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 casing 11 liner 2 rotating shaft 3 breaker 4 grinder 41 multi-stage ring hammer 5 crushing blade 50 arm member 51 surface blade 511 flat surface portion 512 tapered surface portion 513 sunken bolt 52 protruding blade 6 support plate

Claims (5)

The frame is arranged in a cylindrical casing having a liner on the inner wall surface thereof, and is adapted to rotate on a support plate at the top of the frame.
a connecting portion formed by an arm member having one end connected to a rotating shaft rotatably disposed on a central axis of the casing;
A crushing portion provided on a front surface of the connecting portion in a rotation direction,
The crushing section includes:
A planar blade including a surface that gradually inclines in a direction opposite to the rotation direction from above to below, forming an acute-angled open space between the blade and the support plate.
and/or at least one conical or pyramidal protruding blade extending in the direction of rotation;
Crushing blade used in the breaker of a vertical crusher. The crushing portion includes a planar blade having a square, generally vertically extending flat surface portion and a tapered surface portion that gradually slopes downward from the lower end of the flat surface portion in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation, and at least one conical or pyramidal protruding blade extending from the flat surface portion of the planar blade in the direction of rotation. The crushing blade according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion is formed by an arm member having a square cross section, one end of which is connected to a rotating shaft, and the planar blade is one of four faces of the arm member which is inclined so that the upper edge is positioned forward of the lower edge in the direction of rotation. The crushing blade according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the crushing portion is formed of a planar blade and/or a protruding blade detachably attached to the rotation direction side of the arm member. 5. The crushing blade according to claim 4 , wherein the arm member of the connecting portion and the planar blade or the protruding blade or the planar blade and the protruding blade of the crushing portion are formed separately and are configured to be detachably connected to each other.

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