JP7520554B2 - Exterior wall units, exterior wall structures, and buildings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an exterior wall unit, an exterior wall structure, and a building equipped with the exterior wall structure.

The joints between the multiple exterior materials that make up the exterior walls (perimeter walls) of a building are waterproofed by filling them with a sealant, etc. In addition, sash frames are provided for openings such as windows in the exterior walls, and the gaps between the sash frames and the exterior materials are also waterproofed.

However, if the sealant cracks due to aging, for example, there is a risk that rainwater or other liquids may seep inside the building through the cracks in the sealant.

In response to this, for example, Patent Document 1 describes providing a backside water-stopping layer (secondary waterproofing) along the back side (rear side) of the exterior wall facing material (exterior material) that constitutes the exterior wall. By providing such a backside water-stopping layer, even if cracks occur in the sealing (primary waterproofing) on the surface side of the exterior wall as described above and rainwater passes through the sealing, the backside water-stopping layer can prevent rainwater from entering the interior.

Patent No. 6247508

However, the method described in Patent Document 1 requires that the waterproof sheet, waterproof tape, and waterproof accessories that make up the back waterproof layer be placed inside the building rather than on the back side of the exterior material, which may result in an increase in the overall thickness of the exterior wall.

Therefore, the present invention aims to provide an exterior wall unit, an exterior wall structure, and a building that can maintain water-stopping properties even when the water-stopping portion on the exterior wall surface side deteriorates, while suppressing an increase in the thickness of the exterior wall as a whole.

The exterior wall structure according to the present invention is an exterior wall structure of a building having an opening,
A sash frame portion provided in the opening portion;
A plurality of exterior materials provided around the sash frame portion,
a primary water stop portion, a secondary water stop portion, and a drainage channel located between the primary water stop portion and the secondary water stop portion are provided between the exterior material and the sash frame portion;
The primary water stop portion, the secondary water stop portion, and the drainage channel are characterized in that they are provided within the range of the thickness of the exterior material.

In the exterior wall structure of the present invention, the sash frame portion has a sash frame surrounding the periphery of the shoji screen and an opening frame fixed to the outer periphery side of the sash frame,
It is preferable that the secondary water blocking portion is provided between the opening frame and the exterior material.

In addition, in the exterior wall structure of the present invention, it is preferable that a portion of the drainage channel is formed as a recess provided in the sash frame portion.

In the exterior wall structure of the present invention, the secondary waterproofing portion has a vertical waterproofing member arranged along the vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion and a horizontal waterproofing member arranged along the horizontal frame portion of the sash frame portion,
It is preferable that the vertical water-stopping members and the lateral water-stopping members are arranged so that one end face of each of the vertical water-stopping members and the lateral water-stopping members abuts against the side face of the other.

The building of the present invention is characterized by having any of the exterior wall structures described above.

The exterior wall unit according to the present invention comprises a sash frame portion,
A plurality of exterior materials provided around the sash frame portion,
a primary water stop portion, a secondary water stop portion, and a drainage channel located between the primary water stop portion and the secondary water stop portion are provided between the exterior material and the sash frame portion;
The primary water stop portion, the secondary water stop portion, and the drainage channel are characterized in that they are provided within the range of the thickness of the exterior material.

The present invention provides an exterior wall unit, exterior wall structure, and building that can maintain water-stopping properties even when the water-stopping portion on the exterior wall surface side deteriorates while suppressing an increase in the thickness of the exterior wall as a whole.

1 shows an opening of a building having an exterior wall structure according to one embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the outdoor side. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exterior wall unit constituting the exterior wall structure of FIG. 1, as viewed from the indoor side. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a secondary water blocking portion in the exterior wall structure of FIG. 1 . 2 is a diagram showing an outline of a secondary waterproofing portion at a corner of a sash frame portion of the exterior wall structure of FIG. 1 . FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a modified example of the secondary waterproofing portion shown in FIG. 7 .

One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that common components in each drawing are given the same reference numerals. Figure 1 shows the exterior wall structure 10 of a building 1 having an opening 11 according to this embodiment, as viewed from the outdoor side.

Here, the building 1 of this embodiment is, for example, a two-story house with a steel frame, and is composed of a reinforced concrete foundation, a framework structure made up of framework members such as columns and beams, and a superstructure fixed to the foundation. The framework members that make up the framework structure can be standardized in advance, in which case they are manufactured in a factory and then transported to the construction site and assembled. The building may be a detached house or an apartment building, or may be a structure other than a house.

The framework of the upper structure is composed of multiple columns and multiple beams. Exterior materials that form the exterior wall structure 10 (peripheral wall) are arranged on the outer periphery of the framework. In addition, floor slab materials that form the floor are arranged between the layers of the framework. As the floor slab materials, for example, ALC panels can be used, but other materials such as folded plates, extruded cement boards, and wood panel materials can also be used. Furthermore, roof floor slab materials that form the flat roof are arranged on the upper part of the framework. ALC panels can also be used for the roof floor slab materials, but they are not limited to ALC panels.

The exterior wall of the building 1 can have, for example, an exterior finishing layer formed by connecting panel-shaped exterior materials (exterior wall panels 12) made of lightweight aerated concrete (ALC) with a coating film formed on the surface side as a waterproof layer, an insulating layer formed by connecting panel-shaped insulating materials of a foamed resin system such as phenol foam along the inner surface of the exterior finishing layer, and an interior finishing layer formed of a plaster board and a finishing material such as wall cloth applied to the surface of the plaster board, but is not limited to this configuration.

As shown in FIG. 1, the exterior wall structure 10 comprises multiple exterior wall panels 12 (exterior materials) and a rectangular sash frame 13 provided in the opening 11. A shoji screen 25 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) having glass panels and a shoji frame is arranged inside the sash frame 13. The sash frame 13 may have a sliding structure that slidably holds two shoji screens 25 inside, or may have an inward-opening or outward-opening structure that can be opened and closed by swinging displacement using hinges provided on one side of the frame on four sides (top, bottom, left, right), or may have a so-called fixed-fit structure in which the shoji screen cannot be opened or closed.

The exterior wall panels 12 are arranged vertically and horizontally along the periphery of the building 1. For example, the exterior wall panels 12 may be panels made of lightweight aerated concrete (hereinafter referred to as "ALC"; "ALC" is an abbreviation for "autoclaved lightweight concrete"), fire-resistant metal or ceramic siding, extruded cement boards, etc. By connecting the exterior wall panels 12 to the periphery of the framework, the outer skin layer of the exterior wall structure 10 can be formed. The shape, number, arrangement, etc. of the exterior wall panels 12 can be changed as appropriate. For example, multiple exterior wall panels 12 with different shapes may be used in combination.

The exterior wall panel 12 is a panel-like member that is rectangular in front view and whose length in the vertical direction is greater than its width in the horizontal direction. A nut with a female thread is embedded inside the exterior wall panel 12, and a fastening member F such as a bolt shown in FIG. 2 can be fastened to the exterior wall panel 12. Note that the exterior wall panel 12 is not limited to a configuration in which a nut is embedded as described above, and may be configured, for example, to have a shaft member with a male threaded tip protruding from the surface of the exterior wall panel 12 embedded therein. In that case, various members such as a fixing device 30 and a temporary frame member 40 can be fastened and fixed to the exterior wall panel 12 by fastening a nut as a fastening member to the male thread provided at the tip.

2 is a perspective view of an exterior wall unit 2 constituting an exterior wall structure 10 having an opening 11, seen from the indoor side, showing the exterior wall unit 2 being lifted up using a unit lifting member 50 attached to the upper part of the exterior wall unit 2. The exterior wall unit 2 comprises a sash frame portion 13 and a plurality of exterior wall panels 12 as exterior materials provided around the periphery of the sash frame portion 13. Between the exterior wall panel 12 and the sash frame portion 13, a primary water stop portion 21, a secondary water stop portion 22, and a drainage channel 23 located between the primary water stop portion 21 and the secondary water stop portion 22 are provided, and the primary water stop portion 21, the secondary water stop portion 22, and the drainage channel 23 are provided within the thickness of the exterior wall panel 12. The exterior wall unit 2 comprises multiple (three in this example) connected exterior wall panels 12, and a temporary frame member 40 that is arranged to span the multiple exterior wall panels 12 and is temporarily (removably) fixed to the multiple exterior wall panels 12 together with fasteners 30 by fastening members F to unitize the multiple exterior wall panels 12.

The exterior wall unit 2 comprises two curtain walls 121 (exterior wall panels 12) located on both the left and right sides of the opening 11, two small walls 122 (exterior wall panels 12) located above the opening 11 and connected to the left and right between the two curtain walls 121, and two waist walls 123 (exterior wall panels 12) located below the opening 11 and connected to the left and right between the two curtain walls 121. The exterior wall unit 2 also comprises a sash frame portion 13 installed along the periphery of the opening 11, and a unit vertical frame 14 provided between the vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion 13 and the curtain wall 121. The small walls 122 and the waist wall 123 have the same width (length in the left-right direction), and the curtain wall 121 is formed to be half the width of the small walls 122 and the waist wall 123, but is not limited to this.

The exterior wall unit 2 comprises fixing devices 30 and temporary frame members 40. The fixing devices 30 and temporary frame members 40, which are arranged one on top of the other, are detachably fastened to the lower parts of the curtain wall 121 and the waist wall 123 by fastening members F. The fastening members F are fastened to the center positions of the curtain wall 121 and the waist wall 123 in the width direction (left-right direction).

The fixture 30 in this example is a Z-shaped metal fitting, and can be made of, for example, plate-shaped steel material. The fixture 30 is provided with a through hole for passing the fastening member F. The fixture 30 is fastened and fixed to the exterior wall panel 12 in a horizontal position as shown in FIG. 2, and the wall support portion fixed to the building frame can be sandwiched between the exterior wall panel 12 and the fixture 30 by loosening the fastening member F and rotating it 90 degrees downward around the axis of the fastening member F. The wall support portion can be a vertical plate portion of a long metal member with a T-shaped cross section. The shape and fixing method of the fixture 30 can be changed as appropriate.

The temporary frame members 40 are positioned so as to straddle all of the exterior wall panels 12 (curtain walls 121, waist walls 123) that make up the lower part of the exterior wall unit 2, and are temporarily fixed to each of the exterior wall panels 12 together with the fixing devices 30 by fastening members F. In other words, the temporary frame members 40 are fastened to each of the exterior wall panels 12 that make up the exterior wall unit 2, and are configured so that they can be easily removed from the exterior wall panels 12 by loosening the fastening members F.

As shown in FIG. 3, the temporary frame member 40 is a long member with an L-shaped cross section (a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) and includes a flat vertical plate portion 41 and a horizontal plate portion 42 that are perpendicular to each other. The temporary frame member 40 can be formed, for example, from a steel material (angle bar) with an L-shaped cross section. A downward notched (slit-shaped) fastening hole 43 is formed in the vertical plate portion 41. The fastening hole 43 is a through hole for fastening the fastening member F.

The fastening holes 43 in this example extend perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the temporary frame member 40, open at the lower end of the vertical plate portion 41, and are set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the shaft portion of the bolt serving as the fastening member F. In other words, the temporary frame member 40 is configured so that it can be pulled upward and removed from the exterior wall panel 12 without removing the fastening member F from the exterior wall panel 12. In addition, the fastening holes 43 in this example are formed at 11 locations at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the temporary frame member 40.

The fastening member F penetrates the fixing device 30 and the vertical plate portion 41 of the temporary frame member 40 and is fastened to the exterior wall panel 12. That is, the fastening member F is arranged so as to overlap the fixing device 30 and the vertical plate portion 41 of the temporary frame member 40. The fastening member F can be, for example, a bolt or a nut, but is not particularly limited. The fastening member F is also arranged at the lower part of each exterior wall panel 12, at the center of the width direction (left-right direction) of the exterior wall panel 12.

The horizontal plate portion 42 is provided with a hole 44 for inserting a rod-shaped tool (such as a crowbar or a bar) to facilitate alignment when attaching the exterior wall unit 2 to the building frame, and a connecting hole 45 for connecting a sling rope. By using such holes 44 and connecting holes 45, the efficiency of the work of placing the lifted exterior wall unit 2 in the designated position on the building frame can be improved, and safety can also be increased.

The connecting holes 45 are provided at both ends of the horizontal plate portion 42. In this example, the shim holes 44 are provided at three locations at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal position of each shim hole 44 corresponds to the longitudinal position of the fastening hole 43 to which the fastening member F is fixed.

The temporary frame member 40 in this example is configured to restrict relative left-right movement between the exterior wall panel 12 and the temporary frame member 40 by the engagement between the shaft of the fastening member F placed in the fastening hole 43 and the inner edge of the fastening hole 43 that sandwiches the fastening member F from both sides. This configuration can suppress relative left-right displacement and positional deviation between the multiple exterior wall panels 12, and when the exterior wall unit 2 is attached to the building frame, the position of each exterior wall panel 12 is stabilized, further improving the safety and efficiency of the installation work. In addition, by suppressing the relative displacement between the multiple exterior wall panels 12, it is possible to reliably prevent the sealing gasket members and the like placed between adjacent exterior wall panels 12 from being deformed or damaged.

The upper part of the small wall 122 is fastened to a long plate-like frame member 70 that is arranged to straddle the two small walls 122 and the fastening member F. The lower part of the small wall 122 is engaged with the unit vertical frame 14 using a fastener 71 such as a Z-shaped metal fitting that is fastened to the small wall 122.

The upper part of the waist wall 123 is engaged with the unit vertical frame 14 using fasteners 72 such as Z-shaped metal fittings that are fastened to the waist wall 123. The lower part of the waist wall 123 is temporarily fixed by fasteners 30 and temporary frame members 40 fastened with fastening members F.

The exterior wall unit 2 can be attached to the building frame 1 using a unit lifting member 50 attached to the upper part of the exterior wall unit 2. That is, the method of attaching the exterior wall unit 2 to the building frame 1 is, for example, to removably attach the unit lifting member 50 to the upper part of the exterior wall unit 2, place the exterior wall unit 2 lifted to a predetermined height at a predetermined position on the frame, loosen the fastening member F, and rotate or slide the fixing device 30 to engage the fixing device 30 with a wall receiving portion (not shown) fixed to the frame. Then, while keeping the fastening member F loosened, the temporary frame member 40 is pulled upward and removed, and the fastening member F is tightened again. Note that the temporary frame member 40 and the unit lifting member 50 are the members that are finally removed, and the opening frame 16, the unit vertical frame 14, the frame member 70, etc. are the members that remain on the building 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the unit lifting member 50 of this example has a pair of left and right hook portions 51 for connecting the wire 60, and a flat, elongated support plate 52 arranged to straddle multiple exterior wall panels 12. The pair of hook portions 51 are provided at both ends of the support plate 52 in the longitudinal direction. When the unit lifting member 50 is attached to the exterior wall unit 2, the hook portions 51 are arranged at both left and right ends of the exterior wall unit 2 and protrude upward from the upper end of the exterior wall unit 2. The support plate 52 is arranged to abut against the back surfaces 12b of all (three) exterior wall panels 12 that constitute the exterior wall unit 2, preventing relative positional deviation in the front-rear direction between the multiple exterior wall panels 12. In addition, the unit lifting member 50 can be attached to the exterior wall unit 2, for example, by fastening and fixing the support plate 52 to the upper end surface of each exterior wall panel 12. Specifically, for example, the unit lifting member 50 can be attached to the exterior wall unit 2 by fastening the plate-like portion protruding from the surface of the support plate 52 to the upper end surface of each exterior wall panel 12 with a fastening member such as a bolt. Note that nuts or the like for fastening the bolts are embedded in each exterior wall panel 12. The unit lifting member 50 is detachably attached to the upper part of the exterior wall unit 2, and is removed from the exterior wall unit 2 after the exterior wall unit 2 is attached to the building frame of the building 1. The exterior wall structure 10 can be formed by attaching the exterior wall unit 2 to the building frame of the building 1. Note that the method of forming the exterior wall structure 10 is not limited to the method of attaching the exterior wall unit 2 to the frame, and for example, each member constituting the exterior wall structure 10 may be attached to the frame or the like.

The sash frame portion 13 is a rectangular frame made up of left and right vertical frame portions (15a, 15b, 16a, 16b) and top and bottom horizontal frame portions (15c, 15d, 16c, 16d). The sash frame portion 13 also has a sash frame 15 that surrounds the periphery of the shoji screen 25, and an opening frame 16 fixed to the outer periphery of the sash frame 15. Note that in this example, the sash frame 15 and the opening frame 16 are formed as separate members, but the sash frame 15 and the opening frame 16 may be formed integrally as a single member.

The sash frame 15 has left and right vertical sash frames 15a, 15b and top and bottom horizontal sash frames 15c, 15d. The horizontal sash frames 15c, 15d have an upper sash frame 15c and a lower sash frame 15d. The sash frame 15 can have a so-called "vertical edge" configuration in which the end faces of the horizontal sash frames 15c, 15d abut against the sides of the vertical sash frames 15a, 15b, but is not limited to this and may have a so-called "horizontal edge" configuration, etc.

The opening frame 16 is fixed to the outer periphery of the sash frame 15 by fastening members such as bolts (not shown). The opening frame 16 may also be fixed to the sash frame 15 by other methods such as welding.

The opening frame 16 has left and right opening vertical frames 16a, 16b and top and bottom opening horizontal frames 16c, 16d. The opening horizontal frames 16c, 16d have an upper opening frame 16c and a lower opening frame 16d. The opening frame 16 can be configured in a so-called "vertical win" manner, in which the end faces of the opening horizontal frames 16c, 16d abut against the sides of the opening vertical frames 16a, 16b, but is not limited to this and may also be configured in a so-called "horizontal win" manner.

As shown in FIG. 3, the unit vertical frame 14 can be an L-shaped cross-section steel material (angle material) that is arranged along the side 12c and back 12b of the exterior wall panel 12 (curtain wall 121). The shape of the unit vertical frame 14 can be changed as appropriate. The unit vertical frame 14 is a member intended to reinforce the exterior wall panel 12, and is not a required component.

In the exterior wall structure 10, a primary water stop section 21, a secondary water stop section 22, and a drainage channel 23 located between the primary water stop section 21 and the secondary water stop section 22 are provided between the exterior wall panel 12 as the exterior material and the sash frame section 13. In this embodiment, the primary water stop section 21, the secondary water stop section 22, and the drainage channel 23 are also provided in the joint section between the exterior wall panels 12, but this is not limited to this.

The primary water stop section 21, the secondary water stop section 22, and the drainage channel 23 are provided within the thickness of the exterior wall panel 12. In other words, the primary water stop section 21, the secondary water stop section 22, and the drainage channel 23 are located between the front surface 12a and the back surface 12b of the exterior wall panel 12 in the thickness direction of the exterior wall panel 12.

The primary water stopper 21 is located on the outdoor side of the secondary water stopper 22 and the drainage channel 23. The primary water stopper 21 is formed so that its outer surface 21a is substantially flush with the surface 12a of the exterior wall panel 12 and the outdoor surface 13a of the sash frame 13 (the surface of the sash frame 15 in this example). The primary water stopper 21 may have its outer surface 21a located on the indoor side of the surface 12a of the exterior wall panel 12 and the outdoor surface 13a of the sash frame 13.

The primary water-stopping portion 21 can be made of, for example, a wet sealant or a dry sealant. As the wet sealant, a wide variety of materials can be used that can be filled in a predetermined location in a fluid state and can be bonded to the exterior wall panel 12 and the sash frame portion 13. For example, the wet sealant can be made of urethane, acrylic, polysulfide, silicone, modified silicone, or other materials. The dry sealant is a long member such as a gasket formed to match the longitudinal dimension of the joint portion, and has, for example, a rectangular column shape. The dry sealant can be fixed to the side surface 12c and end surfaces (12d, 12e) of the exterior wall panel 12 by a primer or adhesive. As the dry sealant, for example, urethane, acrylic, polysulfide, silicone, modified silicone, or other materials can be used. Dry sealants may also be made of synthetic rubbers such as EPDM, neoprene rubber, butyl rubber, vinyl chloride elastomers, TPO (olefin) elastomers, chloroprene elastomers, chlorosulfonated polyethylene elastomers, SR (styrene) elastomers, and urethane.

The secondary water stopper 22 is located on the indoor side of the primary water stopper 21 and the drainage channel 23. The secondary water stopper 22 is also provided between the opening frame 16 and the exterior wall panel 12. The secondary water stopper 22 can be made of the above-mentioned dry sealant or the like.

The drainage channel 23 is a space formed between the primary water stopper 21 and the secondary water stopper 22. The drainage channel 23 is provided along the outer periphery of the sash frame 13. In this example, the drainage channel 23 is also formed between adjacent exterior wall panels 12. The drainage channel 23 is not particularly limited in shape, as long as it is configured so that rainwater, etc. that flows into the drainage channel 23 flows vertically downward and is discharged to the outdoors at the lower end of the drainage channel 23. In the exterior wall structure 10 of this example, for example, as shown by the two-dot chain arrow in FIG. 6, the drainage channel 23 is configured so that rainwater, etc. flows from the upper to the lower vertical direction in the drainage channel 23. In addition, it is preferable that the drainage channel 23, which is provided along the horizontal frame parts above and below the sash frame 13 and extends in a substantially horizontal direction, is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the drainage channel 23 can be slightly inclined so that rainwater, etc. flows from the center of the longitudinal direction (left and right direction in FIG. 6) of the horizontal frame part toward the left and right ends. The extension angle and inclination direction of the drainage channel 23, which extends in a substantially horizontal direction, can be changed as appropriate. For example, the entire drainage channel 23 may be inclined to one side over the entire horizontal frame portion so that rainwater, etc., flows to either the left or right side. The drainage channel 23 may also extend in a horizontal direction.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 1, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, one vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion 13 (the vertical frame portion on the left side in FIG. 1) is composed of a vertical sash frame 15a and a vertical opening frame 16a.

The primary water stopper 21 is provided to close the gap between the vertical sash frame 15a and the side surface 12c of the lintel 121 (exterior wall panel 12). In this example, the primary water stopper 21 is provided on the outdoor side of the vertical opening frame 16a, but is not limited to this. For example, a portion of the primary water stopper 21 may overlap the vertical opening frame 16a in the thickness direction of the exterior wall panel 12.

The secondary water stopper 22 is provided to close the gap between the opening vertical frame 16a and the side surface 12c of the tensile wall 121. In this example, the unit vertical frame 14 is disposed between the opening vertical frame 16a and the side surface 12c of the tensile wall 121, and the secondary water stopper 22 is provided to sandwich the unit vertical frame 14 from both the left and right sides, but this is not limited to this. In other words, regardless of the presence or absence of the unit vertical frame 14, the secondary water stopper 22 is provided to close the gap between the opening vertical frame 16a and the side surface 12c of the tensile wall 121.

The drainage channel 23 is formed between the opening vertical frame 16a and the tension wall 121, between the primary water stop section 21 and the secondary water stop section 22. The drainage channel 23 is formed in a space surrounded by the opening vertical frame 16a, the tension wall 121, the primary water stop section 21, and the secondary water stop section 22.

The opening vertical frame 16a is formed with a U-shaped cross section. As a result, a recess 16e that opens to the exterior wall panel 12 side is provided in the opening vertical frame 16a, and a drainage channel 23 is formed in the recess 16e. The secondary water stopper 22 is also arranged in the recess 16e. The shape of the opening vertical frame 16a can be changed as appropriate. The left and right opening vertical frames 16a, 16b are formed symmetrically to each other, and similarly, the left and right sash vertical frames 15a, 15b are also formed symmetrically to each other, but this is not limited to the above and may be asymmetrical.

As shown in FIG. 4, the upper vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion 13 (the vertical frame portion on the left side in FIG. 1) is composed of an upper sash frame 15c and an upper opening frame 16c.

The primary water stopper 21 is provided to close the gap between the sash upper frame 15c and the lower surface 12d of the small wall 122 (exterior wall panel 12). In this example, the primary water stopper 21 is provided on the outdoor side of the upper opening frame 16c, but is not limited to this. For example, a part of the primary water stopper 21 may overlap the upper opening frame 16c in the thickness direction of the exterior wall panel 12.

The secondary watertight section 22 is provided to close the gap between the upper opening frame 16c and the lower surface 12d of the small wall 122.

The drainage channel 23 is formed between the opening upper frame 16c and the small wall 122, between the primary water stop section 21 and the secondary water stop section 22. The drainage channel 23 is formed in a space surrounded by the opening upper frame 16c, the small wall 122, the primary water stop section 21, and the secondary water stop section 22.

The opening upper frame 16c is formed with an L-shaped cross section. In addition, a recess 16f that opens upward is provided in the horizontal part of the opening upper frame 16c, and a drainage channel 23 is formed in the recess 16f. The secondary water stopper 22 is also arranged in the recess 16f. The shape of the opening upper frame 16c can be changed as appropriate.

As shown in FIG. 5, the lower vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion 13 (the vertical frame portion on the left side in FIG. 1) is composed of a sash bottom frame 15d and an opening bottom frame 16d.

The primary water stopper 21 is provided to close the gap between the sash lower frame 15d and the upper surface 12e of the waist wall 123 (exterior wall panel 12). In this example, the primary water stopper 21 is provided on the outdoor side of the opening lower frame 16d, but is not limited to this. For example, a part of the primary water stopper 21 may overlap the opening lower frame 16d in the thickness direction of the exterior wall panel 12.

The secondary watertight section 22 is provided to close the gap between the opening lower frame 16d and the upper surface 12e of the waist wall 123.

The drainage channel 23 is located between the primary water stop section 21 and the secondary water stop section 22. The drainage channel 23 is also formed between the opening lower frame 16d and the sash lower frame 15d. The drainage channel 23 is formed in the space surrounded by the opening lower frame 16d and the sash lower frame 15d.

The opening lower frame 16d is formed with an L-shaped cross section. In addition, a recess 16g that opens upward is provided in the horizontal part of the opening lower frame 16d, and a drainage channel 23 is formed in the recess 16g. The shape of the opening lower frame 16d can be changed as appropriate.

As described above, in the exterior wall unit 2, exterior wall structure 10, and building 1 equipped with the exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment, the exterior wall structure 10 of the building 1 having an opening 11 includes a sash frame portion 13 provided at the opening 11 and a plurality of exterior wall panels 12 provided around the sash frame portion 13 as exterior materials, and between the exterior wall panel 12 and the sash frame portion 13, a primary water stop portion 21, a secondary water stop portion 22, and a drainage channel 23 located between the primary water stop portion 21 and the secondary water stop portion 22 are provided, and the primary water stop portion 21, the secondary water stop portion 22, and the drainage channel 23 are provided within the thickness range of the exterior wall panel 12. In this way, by providing the primary water stop portion 21, the secondary water stop portion 22, and the drainage channel 23 within the thickness range of the exterior wall panel 12, an increase in the thickness of the exterior wall as a whole can be suppressed. In addition, even if the primary water stopper 21 on the exterior wall surface side deteriorates and rainwater or the like passes through the primary water stopper 21, the secondary water stopper 22 can prevent the rainwater or the like from entering the interior of the building. Therefore, according to the exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment, it is possible to maintain water stopper performance even when the primary water stopper 21 on the exterior wall surface side deteriorates, while preventing an increase in the thickness of the exterior wall as a whole.

In the exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment, the sash frame portion 13 has a sash frame 15 that surrounds the periphery of the shoji screen 25 and an opening frame 16 fixed to the outer periphery of the sash frame 15, and a secondary water stop portion 22 is provided between the opening frame 16 and the exterior wall panel 12. With this configuration, the secondary water stop portion 22 can be formed between the opening frame 16 and the exterior wall panel 12 regardless of the shape of the sash frame 15. In other words, with this configuration, the exterior wall structure 10 can be formed using various sash frames 15 that are standardized to a predetermined shape.

In addition, in the exterior wall structure 10 of this embodiment, a portion of the drainage channel 23 is formed by recesses 16e, 16f, and 16g provided in the sash frame portion 13. This configuration makes it easier to form the drainage channel 23 into the desired shape, and also makes it easier for liquids such as rainwater to flow smoothly.

Here, FIG. 7 shows an outline of the secondary water stopper 22 at the corner (upper right corner) of the sash frame 13 of the exterior wall structure 10 in FIG. 1. The secondary water stopper 22 has a vertical water stopper member 22a arranged along the vertical frame of the sash frame 13, and a horizontal water stopper member 22b arranged along the horizontal frame of the sash frame 13. The vertical water stopper member 22a and the horizontal water stopper member 22b are arranged so that the end face of one of them (the end face of the horizontal water stopper member 22b in the illustrated example) abuts against the side face of the other (the vertical water stopper member 22a in the illustrated example). Note that in FIG. 7, the end face of the horizontal water stopper member 22b is arranged to abut against the side face of the vertical water stopper member 22a), which is a so-called "vertical win" configuration, but the opposite so-called "horizontal win" configuration may also be used.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, if the secondary water-stopping portion 22 at the corner of the sash frame portion 13 is formed by bending a long water-stopping member 22c at a right angle to match the shape of the corner, gaps G1 and G2 may occur between the secondary water-stopping portion 22 and the sash frame portion 13, and between the secondary water-stopping portion 22 and the exterior wall panel 12.

In response to this, as shown in Figure 7, by dividing the secondary water stopper 22 into a vertical water stopper member 22a and a horizontal water stopper member 22b at the corners of the sash frame 13 and establishing a win-lose relationship, it is possible to prevent gaps from occurring between the secondary water stopper 22 and the sash frame 13, and between the secondary water stopper 22 and the exterior wall panel 12. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in water stopper performance at the corners of the sash frame 13, and more reliably prevent rainwater, etc. from entering the interior side of the secondary water stopper 22.

In this way, the secondary water stopper 22 in this embodiment has a vertical water stopper member 22a arranged along the vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion 13, and a horizontal water stopper member 22b arranged along the horizontal frame portion of the sash frame portion 13, and the vertical water stopper member 22a and the horizontal water stopper member 22b are arranged so that one end face of the vertical water stopper member 22a and the horizontal water stopper member 22b abuts against the side face of the other. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in the water stopper performance of the secondary water stopper portion 22 located at the corner of the sash frame portion 13.

The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-mentioned embodiment, and can be realized in various configurations without departing from the scope of the claims. For example, in the above embodiment, the exterior wall panel 12 is arranged in a so-called "vertical" manner (the longitudinal direction of the exterior wall panel 12 extends vertically), but this is not limited thereto, and the exterior wall panel 12 may be arranged in a so-called "horizontal" manner (the longitudinal direction of the exterior wall panel 12 extends horizontally).

1: Building 2: Exterior wall unit 10: Exterior wall structure 11: Opening 12: Exterior wall panel (exterior material)
12a: Front side 12b: Back side (back side)
12c: Side surface 12d: Lower surface 12e: Upper surface 121: Curtain wall 122: Small wall 123: Waist wall 13: Sash frame portion 14: Unit vertical frame 15: Sash frames 15a, 15b: Sash vertical frame (vertical frame portion)
15c: Sash upper frame (sash horizontal frame, horizontal frame part)
15d: Sash bottom frame (sash horizontal frame, horizontal frame part)
16: Opening frame 16a, 16b: Opening vertical frame (vertical frame portion)
16c: Opening upper frame (opening horizontal frame, horizontal frame part)
16d: Opening lower frame (opening horizontal frame, horizontal frame part)
16e, 16f, 16g: Recess 21: First water stop portion 22: Second water stop portion 23: Drainage channel 25: Shoji screen 30: Fixing device 40: Temporary frame member 41: Vertical plate portion 42: Horizontal plate portion 43: Fastening hole 44: Drain hole 45: Connection hole 50: Unit lifting member 51: Hook portion 52: Support plate 60: Wire 70: Frame members 71, 72: Fixing device F: Fastening member

Claims (6)

An exterior wall structure of a building having an opening,
A sash frame portion provided in the opening portion;
A plurality of exterior materials provided around the sash frame portion,
a primary water stop portion between the exterior material and the sash frame portion, a secondary water stop portion located on the indoor side of the primary water stop portion, and a drainage channel located between the primary water stop portion and the secondary water stop portion,
The sash frame portion includes a sash frame surrounding the periphery of the shoji screen, and an opening frame fixed to the outer periphery of the sash frame and separate from the sash frame.
The primary water stop portion, the secondary water stop portion, and the drainage channel are
The exterior material is provided within a thickness range thereof,
The sash frame is disposed along the entire periphery thereof .
An exterior wall structure characterized in that a portion of the drainage channel is formed as a recess provided on the upper surface side of the upper frame of the opening frame . The exterior wall structure according to claim 1 , wherein the secondary water stop portion is provided between the opening frame and the exterior material. The exterior wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drainage channel is constituted by a recess provided in the opening frame . The secondary waterproofing portion includes a vertical waterproofing member disposed along a vertical frame portion of the sash frame portion and a horizontal waterproofing member disposed along a horizontal frame portion of the sash frame portion,
The exterior wall structure described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vertical water-stopping members and the horizontal water-stopping members are arranged so that one end face of the vertical water-stopping members and the horizontal water-stopping members abuts against the other side face of the vertical water-stopping members and the horizontal water-stopping members. A building comprising an exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A sash frame portion;
A plurality of exterior materials provided around the sash frame portion,
a primary water stop portion between the exterior material and the sash frame portion, a secondary water stop portion located on the indoor side of the primary water stop portion, and a drainage channel located between the primary water stop portion and the secondary water stop portion ,
The sash frame portion includes a sash frame surrounding the periphery of the shoji screen, and an opening frame fixed to the outer periphery of the sash frame and separate from the sash frame.
The primary water stop portion, the secondary water stop portion, and the drainage channel are
The exterior material is provided within a thickness range thereof,
The sash frame is disposed along the entire periphery thereof .
An exterior wall unit characterized in that a portion of the drainage channel is formed as a recess provided on the upper surface side of the upper frame of the opening frame .

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