JP7529993B2 - Test fixture, test device and test method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a test jig, a test device, and a test method.

Conventionally, in order to design a substructure that constitutes part of the overall structure of a vehicle, etc., it was necessary to evaluate the performance required of that substructure. However, because the performance of the substructure is affected by the overall structure, it was sometimes difficult to properly evaluate the performance of the substructure even if tests were conducted on the substructure alone.

JP 2016-150381 A

In view of the problems in the background art described above, the present invention aims to provide a test jig, test device, and test method that can appropriately evaluate the performance required of a substructure.

The gist of the present invention is as follows.
A test jig used for evaluation testing of a beam-shaped test specimen, comprising: a base member that supports the test specimen from a lateral direction of the test specimen continuously across the longitudinal direction of the test specimen; and connecting members that connect the base member to both ends of the test specimen in the longitudinal direction, the connecting members being attached to the base member and having a plate-shaped base mounting portion that is attached to the base member and extends in the longitudinal direction, and a plate-shaped test specimen mounting portion that is continuous with the base mounting portion and extends vertically, the test specimen comprising: a plate-shaped outer member and an energy absorber fixed to a plate surface of the outer member, the test specimen mounting portion comprising an outer member fixing portion fixed to the outer member and an energy absorber fixing portion fixed to the energy absorber, the energy absorber fixing portion being formed at a position away from the outer member fixing portion, and the base member comprising a groove portion along the longitudinal direction that restricts lateral movement of the energy absorber while allowing it to move freely in the longitudinal direction.

(1) A test jig according to one embodiment of the present invention is a test jig used for evaluation testing of a beam-shaped test specimen, and comprises a base member that supports the test specimen from the lateral direction of the test specimen continuously along the longitudinal direction of the test specimen, and a connecting member that connects the base member to both ends of the test specimen in the longitudinal direction, wherein the connecting member is attached to the base member and has a plate-shaped base mounting portion that extends in the longitudinal direction, and a plate-shaped test specimen mounting portion that is continuous with the base mounting portion and extends vertically.
(2) In the above (1), the connection member may have a bent portion between the base mounting portion and the test piece mounting portion, the bent portion being spaced apart from the test piece.
(3) In the above (2), the bent portion is plate-shaped and curved.
(4) In any of (1) to (3) above, the test specimen comprises a plate-shaped outer member and an energy absorber fixed to the plate surface of the outer member, the test specimen mounting portion comprises an outer member fixing portion fixed to the outer member and an energy absorber fixing portion fixed to the energy absorber, and the energy absorber fixing portion may be formed at a position away from the outer member fixing portion.
(5) In the above (4), the base member may have a groove portion along the longitudinal direction that restricts lateral movement of the energy absorber while allowing movement in the longitudinal direction.
(6) In the above (5), the base member may have a replaceable cushion body between the energy absorber and the groove portion.
(7) In any one of (1) to (6) above, the base attachment portion may be detachably fixed to the base member.
(8) A testing apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention may include the test jig described above in any one of (1) to (7) and an impactor that applies an impact to the test piece.
(9) A testing method according to one aspect of the present invention may include supporting the test specimen with the test jig as described above in (8), applying a load to the test specimen with the impactor, and measuring the deformation or load generated on the test specimen.

The present invention provides a test jig, test device, and test method that can appropriately evaluate the performance required for a substructure.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a test device. FIG. 13 is a front view showing an assembly of a test specimen and a connecting member. FIG. 13 is a bottom view showing an assembly of the test specimen and the connecting member. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A in FIG. 2 .

In order to ensure the safety of occupants, vehicles are required to have improved collision performance. The collision performance is mainly evaluated based on the impact transmitted to occupants and the deformation of the vehicle interior space during a collision. It is also required to evaluate the collision performance of a partial structure (e.g., a side sill) in the entire structure of a vehicle (full car structure) as an evaluation target part. In order to evaluate the collision performance of a partial structure, it is possible to carry out a test using the entire vehicle (full car test). However, the test using the entire vehicle requires high costs. Therefore, a test using a partial structure as a test specimen (partial structure test), which can be carried out at a relatively low cost, may be carried out.
For example, even if a partial structure test is performed by applying a load from the outside to a test specimen while only the end portion of the test specimen corresponding to the side sill, which is the partial structure to be evaluated, is supported by a test jig, the test specimen may not properly reflect the influence (effect) of the energy absorbing member installed on the inside, and therefore the collision performance of the side sill may not be properly evaluated.

Therefore, the test jig according to the present invention is a test jig used for evaluation testing of a beam-shaped test specimen, and includes a base member that supports the test specimen from the lateral direction of the test specimen continuously over the longitudinal direction of the test specimen, and a connection member that connects the base member to both ends of the test specimen in the longitudinal direction. The connection member has a plate-shaped base mounting portion fixed to the base member and extending in the longitudinal direction, and a plate-shaped test specimen mounting portion that extends vertically continuous with the base mounting portion. This allows the connection member to simulate the cross-sectional force of a part of a long beam-shaped structure (such as a side sill structure of an actual vehicle). In other words, even if the test specimen simulates a partial structure of a long beam-shaped structure, the failure mode (deformation mode) of the beam-shaped structure can be simulated. Therefore, a test jig that can appropriately evaluate the performance required for the partial structure can be provided.
Furthermore, a testing apparatus according to the present invention includes the above-mentioned test jig and an impactor that applies an impact to the test specimen, thereby making it possible to provide a testing apparatus that can appropriately evaluate the performance required of a substructure.
In addition, the test method according to the present invention includes supporting the test body with the test fixture, applying a load to the test body with the impactor, and measuring the deformation or load generated in the test body, thereby providing a test method capable of appropriately evaluating the performance required for a substructure.

(Embodiment)
A test fixture, a test device, and a test method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the following, a test specimen, test fixture, test apparatus, and test method for evaluating the crash performance of a side sill, which is a partial structure of a vehicle, will be described as an example.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view for explaining a test apparatus 2. Fig. 2 is a front view showing an assembly of a test body 100 and a connection member 210. Fig. 3 is a bottom view showing an assembly of a test body 100 and a connection member 210. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow A in Fig. 2.
In the following description, as shown in FIG. 1 , the direction along the axis a of the test piece 100 may be referred to as the longitudinal direction or X direction, the impact direction of the impactor which is perpendicular to the X direction may be referred to as the Y direction, and the directions perpendicular to both the X direction and the Y direction may be referred to as the lateral direction or Z direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the test specimen 100, which is a substructure that is to be evaluated in the overall structure of a vehicle, is supported at both ends 100e in the X direction by a test fixture 200 provided in the test device 2.

The test specimen 100 is a simulation of a portion in the longitudinal direction of a side sill, which is a partial structure of a vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, the test specimen 100 is beam-shaped. The test specimen 100 is a rod-shaped body extending along a linear axis a. The test specimen 100, which simulates a side sill, includes an outer member 110 made of steel or the like, and an energy absorber 120 made of steel or the like.

The test specimen 100 may have a substantially T-shaped cross section formed by the outer member 110 and the energy absorber 120. The test specimen 100 may be a structure to be evaluated and may be beam-shaped, for example, having a closed or hollow cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

The outer member 110 is a plate-like body. The outer member 110 extends along a linear axis a. The outer member 110 is installed in the test device 2 with the linear axis a aligned along the X direction, in other words, facing the Y direction, which is the impact direction of the impactor 300, or in other words, with the weak axis of the cross section perpendicular to the axis a aligned along the Z direction.

The energy absorber 120 is, for example, a plate-like body. The energy absorber 120 extends along a linear axis a. The energy absorber 120 has, for example, a surface along the Y direction to increase the buckling resistance and improve the amount of energy absorption. For example, the energy absorber 120 has a cross section perpendicular to the Y direction that is wavy along the axis a. The energy absorber 120 is installed in the test device 2 with the linear axis a aligned along the X direction and with the strong axis of the cross section perpendicular to the axis a aligned along the Y direction.

The test device 2 includes a test fixture 200 and an impactor 300 that applies an impact to the test piece 100. The test device 2 also includes a load cell 400 that supports the base member 220 as appropriate.
Then, the test specimen 100 is supported by a test jig 200, a load (such as an impact load) is applied to the test specimen 100 by an impactor 300, and the deformation or load generated in the test specimen 100 is measured.
In this way, the test device 2 includes the test jig 200 and the impactor 300 that applies an impact to the test body 100, and therefore can implement a test method that applies an impact to the test body 100. Therefore, for example, it is possible to evaluate a partial structure when an obstacle collides with a vehicle from the side.

The impactor 300 is a rigid body that is struck by, for example, a hydraulic actuator (not shown) that includes a piston rod inserted into a cylinder so that it can move back and forth. The mass, shape, speed, kinetic energy, etc. of the impactor 300 are appropriately set according to the load, speed, kinetic energy, etc. to be applied to the test specimen 100, depending on the evaluation purpose of the test specimen 100.

The load cell 400 has one end in the Y direction fixed to a rigid body such as a wall (not shown), and the other end fixed to the base member 220. The load cell 400 mainly measures the load (compressive force or tensile force) along the Y direction during a test in which the impactor 300 is collided with the test body 100. In order to stably support the base member 220, two or more load cells 400 may be arranged symmetrically in the X direction and spaced apart from each other, based on the extension line of the trajectory of the impactor 300 moving along the Y direction.

(Test fixture)
As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the test jig 200 includes a base member 220 that supports the test piece 100 continuously along the longitudinal direction (direction along axis a) of the test piece 100 and from the lateral direction (direction perpendicular to the X direction along axis a, here the Y direction) of the test piece 100, and a connecting member 210 that connects the base member 220 to both end portions 100e of the test piece 100 in the longitudinal direction.

When the impact load is applied to the test specimen 100 by the impactor 300, the base member 220 undergoes a small deformation compared to the deformation of the test specimen 100, and has a sufficient plate thickness to be considered as a substantially rigid body. The base member 220 is, for example, a steel plate. The base member 220 is arranged in a position such that the Y direction, which is the collision direction of the impactor 300, is the plate thickness direction. The base member 220 has a detachable portion 222 on the plate surface 221. The detachable portion 222 may be, for example, a female thread portion into which the detachable portion 215 of the test jig 200 (for example, a through hole provided in the base mounting portion 211 described below and a male thread portion of a bolt (not shown) fastened to the through hole) can be screwed.

The connecting member 210 has a plate-shaped base mounting portion 211 extending in the longitudinal direction, and a plate-shaped test specimen mounting portion 212 extending in the vertical direction continuous with the base mounting portion 211. The connecting member 210 has a substantially L-shaped cross section. The shape dimensions such as the plate thickness, structure, and mechanical properties of the connecting member 210 may be set in accordance with the cross-sectional force to be applied to the test specimen 100 so that the connecting member 210 undergoes plastic deformation when the minor angle formed by the plate surface of the base mounting portion 211 along the X direction and the plate surface of the test specimen mounting portion 212 along the Y direction becomes greater than or equal to a predetermined angle.
As a result, when the impactor 300 is collided with the test body 100, the connecting member 210 is bent while exerting a desired resistance so that the minor angle formed by the plate surface of the base mounting portion 211 along the X direction and the plate surface of the test body mounting portion 212 along the Y direction becomes larger. Then, cross-sectional forces such as axial force, shear, and bending moment are applied to both end faces of the test body 100 in the direction along the axis a. That is, the connecting member 210 is bent while exerting a resistance corresponding to the cross-sectional forces acting on both end faces of a part of the beam-like structure (such as a side sill structure of an actual vehicle) to be evaluated, which is simulated by the test body 100. Therefore, even if the target to be simulated by the test body 100 is a partial structure of a beam-like structure, the destruction mode (deformation mode) of the beam-like structure can be simulated. Therefore, an appropriate evaluation test can be performed at low cost.

The connection member 210 is preferably detachably attached to the base member 220. In particular, the base attachment portion 211 is detachably fixed to the base member 220. This allows the assembly, in which the connection member 210 and the test specimen 100 are previously integrated, to be attached to the base member 220 all at once, simplifying the installation work by the user. In addition, after testing, the assembly can be removed all at once from the base member 220. Then, after testing, a new assembly can be attached to the base member 220. Therefore, by replacing the test specimen 100 and the connection member 210, the base member 220 can be used repeatedly, allowing testing at low cost.

The connecting member 210 may have a bent portion 213 that is spaced apart from the test body 100 between the base mounting portion 211 and the test body mounting portion 212. This allows the connecting member 210 to bend at the bent portion 213 without restraining the deformation of the test body 100, so that during a crash test, the connecting member 210 can follow the deformation of the test body 100 while maintaining a predetermined resistance force (axial force, shear force, moment, etc., which are predetermined cross-sectional forces acting on both end faces of the test body 100). This allows the destruction mode (deformation mode) of the partial structure to be appropriately simulated.

The bent portion 213 is plate-shaped and curved. This allows the connecting member 210 to more smoothly follow the deformation of the test piece 100 during a crash test without breaking, while still maintaining a predetermined resistance force.

As described above, the test specimen 100 includes the plate-shaped outer member 110 and the energy absorber 120 fixed to the plate surface of the outer member 110 .
Here, as shown in FIG. 1, the test specimen attachment portion 212 includes an outer member fixing portion 212w fixed to the outer member 110 and an energy absorber fixing portion 212e fixed to the energy absorber 120. The energy absorber fixing portion 212e is formed at a position away from the outer member fixing portion 212w. That is, a portion where the connection member 210 and the test specimen 100 are not fixed can be formed between the energy absorber fixing portion 212e and the outer member fixing portion 212w. This makes it possible not to restrict the deformation and movement of the unfixed portion of the energy absorber 120 during the crash test. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately simulate the destruction mode (deformation mode) of a beam-like structure such as a side sill structure of an actual vehicle.

In addition, it is preferable that the outer member fixing portion 212w fixed to the outer member 110 is formed on the entire surface of both end faces in the X direction of the outer member 110, while the energy absorber fixing portion 212e fixed to the energy absorber 120 is formed not on the entire surface of both end faces in the X direction of the energy absorber 120, but on the other portion excluding the portion close to the outer member fixing portion 212w. As a result, in the early stage when an impact load acts on the test body 100, the end portion of the energy absorber 120 on the outer member 110 side begins to deform significantly, but this deformation can be prevented from being restrained by the connecting member 210. Therefore, the destruction mode (deformation mode) of a beam-like structure such as a side sill structure of an actual vehicle can be appropriately simulated.

As shown in FIG. 4, the base member 220 has a groove portion 223 along the longitudinal direction (X direction) that restricts the lateral (Z direction) movement of the energy absorber 120 while allowing free movement in the longitudinal direction (X direction). This makes it possible to not restrict deformation and movement of the energy absorber 120 in the longitudinal direction (X direction), particularly of the end portion on the base member 220 side, during a crash test. Therefore, even if the test specimen is a partial structure of a beam-like structure (such as the side sill structure of an actual vehicle), it is possible to appropriately simulate the destruction mode (deformation mode) of the beam-like structure.

As shown in FIG. 4, the groove portion 223 is arranged at a position that sandwiches the end portion of the energy absorber 120 on the base member 220 side from the lateral direction (Z direction), and may be formed by a pair of lateral restraint members 224 that are fixed to the plate surface 221 of the base member 220 and restrict the movement of the energy absorber 120 in the lateral direction (Z direction), and the plate surface 221 of the base member 220. This allows the support conditions of the end portion of the energy absorber 120 on the base member 220 side to be appropriately simulated.

The base member 220 may have a replaceable cushion body 225 between the energy absorber 120 and the groove portion 223. That is, the base member 220 may have a replaceable cushion body 225 between the end of the energy absorber 120 on the base member 220 side and the plate surface 221. This prevents the end of the energy absorber 120 on the base member 220 side from directly contacting the plate surface 221 of the base member 220 when performing a crash test, so that damage to the plate surface 221 of the base member 220 can be suppressed. Even if the cushion body 225 is damaged instead of the base member 220, the cushion body 225 damaged in the test can be replaced with an equivalent product that is undamaged (untested), minimizing the number of parts that are damaged and require replacement every time a test is performed, and the base member 220 can be used permanently. The thickness (dimension in the Y direction) of the cushion body 225 is smaller than the thickness (dimension in the Y direction) of the lateral restraint member 224, so that the pair of lateral restraint members 224 and the cushion body 225 can form a groove into which the end of the energy absorber 120 on the base member 220 side fits.

Other Embodiments
Although one embodiment has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the above, and various design modifications and the like are possible.

The test jig 200 according to this embodiment is a test jig 200 used for an evaluation test of a beam-shaped test body 100. The test jig 200 includes a base member 220 that supports the test body 100 from the lateral direction of the test body 100 continuously along the longitudinal direction of the test body 100, and a connection member 210 that connects the base member 220 to both ends 100e of the test body 100 in the longitudinal direction. The connection member 210 is attached to the base member 220 and has a plate-shaped base mounting portion 211 that extends in the longitudinal direction, and a plate-shaped test body mounting portion 212 that extends vertically continuous with the base mounting portion 211. This allows the connection member 210 to simulate a cross-sectional force in a part of a long beam-shaped structure (such as a side sill structure of an actual vehicle). That is, even if the test body 100 simulates a partial structure of a long beam-shaped structure, the failure mode (deformation mode) of the beam-shaped structure can be simulated. Therefore, it is possible to provide a test fixture 200 that can appropriately evaluate the performance required for a substructure.
Moreover, the test device 2 according to the present invention includes the test fixture 200 and the impactor 300 that applies an impact to the test piece 100. This makes it possible to provide the test device 2 that can appropriately evaluate the performance required for the substructure.
Moreover, the testing method according to the present invention supports the test specimen 100 with the test jig 200, applies a load to the test specimen 100 with the impactor 300, and measures the deformation or load generated in the test specimen 100. This makes it possible to provide a testing method that can appropriately evaluate the performance required for a substructure.

2 Testing apparatus 100 Test body 100e End portion 110 Outer member 120 Energy absorber 200 Test jig 210 Connection member 211 Base mounting portion 212 Test body mounting portion 212e Energy absorber fixing portion 212w Outer member fixing portion 213 Bending portion 215 Detachable portion 220 Base member 221 Plate surface 222 Detachable portion 223 Groove portion 224 Lateral restraint member 225 Cushion body 300 Impactor 400 Load cell a Axis

Claims (7)

A test jig used for evaluation testing of a beam-shaped test specimen,
a base member that supports the test specimen continuously across the longitudinal direction of the test specimen from a lateral direction of the test specimen;
A connection member that connects the base member and both ends of the test specimen in the longitudinal direction,
the connection member is attached to the base member and has a plate-shaped base mounting portion extending in the longitudinal direction and a plate-shaped test specimen mounting portion extending in a vertical direction continuous with the base mounting portion,
The test specimen includes a plate-shaped outer member and an energy absorber fixed to a plate surface of the outer member,
the test specimen attachment portion includes an outer member fixing portion fixed to the outer member and an energy absorber fixing portion fixed to the energy absorber,
the energy absorber fixing portion is formed at a position separated from the outer member fixing portion,
The base member has a groove portion along the longitudinal direction that restricts lateral movement of the energy absorber while allowing movement in the longitudinal direction.
A test fixture comprising: 2. The test jig according to claim 1, wherein the connection member has a bent portion between the base attachment portion and the test piece attachment portion, the bent portion being spaced apart from the test piece. 3. The test fixture according to claim 2, wherein the bent portion is plate-shaped and curved. 4. The test fixture according to claim 1 , wherein the base member has a replaceable cushion body between the energy absorber and the groove. 5. The test fixture according to claim 1, wherein the base attachment portion is detachably fixed to the base member. The test fixture;
6. A test apparatus comprising the test jig according to claim 1, further comprising: an impactor that applies an impact to the test specimen. The test specimen is supported by the test jig;
A load is applied to the test specimen by the impactor;
A test method using the test apparatus according to claim 6 , characterized in that a deformation or a load generated in the test specimen is measured.

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