JP7532198B2 - Winch drum - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a winch drum, and more specifically to a winch drum for winding ropes used in construction machinery such as cranes, pile drivers, and earth drills.

Winch drums for winding ropes used in various construction machines generally have a rope groove on the outer periphery of the drum, and a kicker, known as a baffle plate, protruding from the inner flange of the drum. This allows the first layer of rope to enter the rope groove and be wound in an orderly manner, while the second and higher layers of rope are guided by the kicker and wound in order on top of the lower layers. Due to their structure, kickers are prone to wear due to friction each time the rope passes through them, and kickers with trapezoidal cross sections that improve wear resistance have been developed and put into practical use, particularly for earth drills that use winches with high loads (high line pulls) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Patent No. 6290699

The trapezoidal cross-section kicker described in Patent Document 1 has a wide contact surface with the rope, which has the advantage of reducing the amount of wear at the highest part of the kicker. However, even kickers that are capable of slowing the progression of wear will eventually wear out and reach the end of their useful life. In this case, the worn kicker must be repaired by welding or other means, or the entire drum must be replaced, but these repairs and replacements are large-scale work that is difficult to perform on-site and expensive.

The present invention aims to provide a winch drum that has excellent wear resistance and a kicker attachment/detachment structure that allows for easy replacement during maintenance.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the winch drum of the present invention has flanges on both sides of a spool that winds up a rope, and a kicker on the inner surface of each flange for guiding the winding direction of the second layer of rope and beyond, wherein at least one of the kickers has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape when viewed from the radial direction of the flange , the inner surface of the flange forming the wide lower base of the trapezoid and the highest part of the protruding end forming the upper base, a kicker recess for fitting a removable kicker member is provided at the position of the highest part of the protruding end, and the kicker member is fitted into the kicker recess.

In addition, in a winch drum having flanges on both sides of a winding drum that winds up the rope, and a kicker on the inner surface of each flange for guiding the winding direction of the second layer and subsequent layers of rope, at least one of the kickers has a triangular cross-sectional shape when viewed from the radial direction of the flange , with the inner flange surface portion being the wide base of the triangle and the highest point of the protruding end being the apex, and a kicker recess is provided at the position of the highest point of the protruding end for fitting a removable kicker member, and the kicker member is fitted into the kicker recess.

Furthermore, the kicker member has a protruding surface that protrudes from the kicker recess by a preset protruding amount when fitted into the kicker recess, and the protruding surface is provided with a chamfered portion whose chamfering amount in the protruding direction is greater than the protruding amount. In addition, a shim plate is provided between the mounting surface of the kicker member and the bottom surface of the kicker recess to adjust the protruding amount of the protruding surface. The kicker member is also characterized by being made of a material that is less susceptible to wear than the material of the kicker recess.

According to the winch drum of the present invention, a kicker recess is provided at the highest part of the kicker having a trapezoidal or triangular cross section, and a removable kicker member that forms part of the kicker is fitted into the kicker recess, so that the kicker has a long life like the winch drum of Patent Document 1, and furthermore, the kicker member that can be handled as a replacement part makes it easy and economical to maintain the winch drum.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a winch drum of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV of Figure 3. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 4. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing a method for adjusting the height of a kicker member using a shim plate. FIG. 1 is a side view of an earth drill showing an example of a construction machine to which the winch drum of the present invention can be applied.

Figure 8 shows an earth drill, which is an example of a construction machine to which the winch drum of the present invention can be applied. This earth drill 11 is equipped with a base machine 14 in which an upper rotating body 13 is rotatably mounted on a lower traveling body 12 equipped with a traveling device, a boom 15 mounted on the front part of the upper rotating body 13 so that it can be raised and lowered, a foldable gantry 16 provided on the upper rear part of the upper rotating body 13, a counterweight 17 provided on the rear end part of the upper rotating body 13, multiple winches 18a, 18b, 18c mounted in the center of the width direction of the upper rotating body 13, and a cab 19 provided on the right front end part of the upper rotating body 13.

A kelly bar drive 21 is held at the front of the boom 15 via multiple arms 21a and cylinders 21b as equipment for the earth drill. A kelly bar 24 that passes through the kelly bar drive 21 hangs from a main hoisting rope 23a that hangs down from a top sheave block 22 provided at the top end of the boom 15, and an excavation bucket and a bottom-enlarging bucket 25 are attached to the lower end of the kelly bar 24. In addition, an auxiliary hoisting rope 23b hangs down from the top sheave block 22, and a hoisting rope 23c is connected to the rear side of the boom 15 via a pendant rope 26.

The main hoisting rope 23a, auxiliary hoisting rope 23b and hoisting rope 23c are metal wire ropes wound around the winches 18a, 18b and 18c, respectively. Excavation work is performed by rotating the excavation bucket or the widening bucket 25 via the kelly bar 24 by the kelly bar drive device 21, while operating the first winch 18a to raise and lower the excavation bucket or the widening bucket 25 via the kelly bar 24 using the main hoisting rope 23a. Therefore, a large load acts on the main hoisting rope 23a when raising the excavation bucket or the widening bucket 25 containing the excavated soil and sand, and the first winch 18a is used under high load.

Figures 1 to 7 show an example of the winch drum of the present invention, which has a structure suitable for use as a winch drum for the first winch 18a of an earth drill used under high load as described above. The winch drum 31 shown in this example is basically formed in the same manner as a conventional winch drum, and has a so-called parallel winding type winding drum 33 in which a part of the rope groove 32 for aligning the first layer of rope is inclined, and a pair of flanges 34, 35 are provided on both sides of the winding drum 33. A rope fixing part 33a for fixing the end of the rope to be wound is provided on one side of the winding drum 33, and a connection part for a drive source such as a hydraulic motor and a brake part are provided on the outer surface side of one flange 34 and inside the winding drum 33.

The length of the rope wound around the first winch 18a of the earth drill is only the length necessary for raising and lowering the kelly bar 24, so it is usually sufficient to wind up to the third layer around the spool 33 of the winch drum 31. In this case, the rope pulled out from the rope fixing part 33a to the outer circumference of the spool 33 is guided by the rope groove 32 and wound from the first layer to the second layer. Specifically, the rope guided by the rope groove 32 rises to the second layer as if pushed out by the rope wound in the last winding row. Then, the second layer of rope, whose winding direction has been switched, is wound between the ropes in the first layer, that is, along directly above the flange that forms the rope groove 32.

On the inner surface of one flange 34 located on the rope fixing part 33a side of the spool 33, a trapezoidal kicker (also called an even-row kicker) 36 is provided in the area from the part that guides the second layer of rope to the third layer to the outer periphery of the flange to switch the winding direction of the rope from the second layer direction to the third layer direction. In addition, the first winch 18a has a highly versatile design that allows the rope to be wound in multiple layers. Specifically, on the inner surface of the flange 35 opposite the flange 34 on which the trapezoidal kicker 36 is provided, a triangular kicker (also called an odd-row kicker) 37 is provided to switch the winding direction of the rope from the third layer direction to the fourth layer direction. These two kickers 36, 37 are arranged 180 degrees apart (diagonally) with respect to the rotation axis of the winch drum 31, taking into account the storage capacity of the rope.

The trapezoidal kicker 36 is basically integrally formed with each of the components such as the hoisting drum 33 and the flanges 34, 35 from high-strength spheroidal graphite cast iron (ductile cast iron). The spheroidal graphite cast iron is designated by the JIS standard as FCD600-3, for example. The trapezoidal kicker 36 made of such a material is composed of a kicker base 36a with a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape and a trapezoidal kicker member 38 that is fitted into the kicker base 36a and forms part of the trapezoidal kicker 36, as shown in Figures 3 and 5, and has a shape that extends in and out of the flange as a whole, and is provided from the third layer of the rope to the outer periphery of the flange in a manner that is connected to the outer periphery of the inner kicker 39 with a triangular cross-sectional shape provided in the range from the first layer to the second layer of the rope.

The kicker base 36a has a trapezoidal cross section with the inner surface of the flange 34 as a wide lower base 36b and the highest part of the protruding end as an upper base 36c. The leg on the side that the rope comes into contact with when it is wound around the reel 33, i.e., the rope winding side slope 36d, has a slope angle α with respect to the inner surface of the flange that is different from the slope angle β of the reeling side slope 36e, which is the opposite leg, and in this embodiment, is smaller than the slope angle β of the reeling side slope 36e. The upper base 36c, which is the highest part of the kicker base 36a, is formed higher than the apex, which is the highest part of the inner circumference kicker 39, and the dimension of the upper base 36c in the flange circumferential direction is set according to the diameter of the reel 33 and the diameter of the rope, for example, about 100 mm.

At the position of the upper bottom (highest part) 36c of the kicker base 36a, a kicker recess 36f is provided in which the trapezoidal kicker member 38 is removably fitted. The kicker recess 36f is a substantially rectangular fitting recess that is expanded to the full circumferential width of the flange of the upper bottom 36c, and the bottom surface that is deep enough to reach the flange 34 is provided with multiple threaded portions 34a for fixing the fitted trapezoidal kicker member 38 with hexagon socket bolts (cap screws) 40.

The trapezoidal kicker member 38 is a plate piece having an outer shape corresponding to the shape of the kicker recess 36f and a predetermined thickness, and is formed from a wear-resistant steel plate, which is less susceptible to wear than the material of the kicker recess 36f (ductile cast iron). Wear-resistant steel plate is a steel plate used in areas where wear resistance is required, such as the bottom plate of the wide-bottom bucket 25, and has a high hardness, for example a Brinell hardness (HB) of 400 or more on the surface, obtained by subjecting the alloy steel to heat treatment such as quenching. As a result, the part of the trapezoidal kicker member 38 where the rope comes into contact is more than twice as hard as the other parts, and the amount of wear at the highest part is significantly reduced.

The trapezoidal kicker member 38 has a plurality of bolt holes 41 with bolt head recesses 41a at positions corresponding to the threaded portion 34a, and has a protruding surface 42 that protrudes from the opening of the kicker recess 36f by a preset protrusion amount (e.g., 1 mm) when fitted and fixed to the kicker recess 36f using a hexagon socket bolt 40. The protruding surface 42 has a chamfered portion (inclined at approximately 45 degrees) 43 on its periphery, the chamfering amount in the protruding direction being greater than the protrusion amount (e.g., 7 mm). This allows the rope winding side slope 36d, the protruding surface 42, and the unwinding side slope 36e to be smoothly continuous in this order.

The triangular kicker 37 is mainly used to switch the winding direction of the rope from the third layer to the fourth layer, and basically has the same wear-resistant structure as the trapezoidal kicker 36. As shown in Figures 4 and 6, it is composed of a kicker base 37a whose cross section is formed into an approximately isosceles triangle shape, and a triangular kicker member 44 that is fitted into the kicker base 37a and forms part of the triangular kicker 37, and has a shape that extends inward and outward from the flange as a whole. The kicker base 37a has a triangular cross section with the inner surface of the flange 35 as the wide base 37b and the highest part of the protruding end as the apex 37c, and at the position of the apex (highest part) 37c, a kicker recess 37d is provided in which the triangular kicker member 44 is detachably fitted. The kicker recess 37d is a roughly diamond-shaped fitting recess, and the bottom surface is provided with multiple threaded portions 35a for fixing the fitted triangular kicker member 44 with hexagonal socket bolts 45.

The triangular kicker member 44 is a plate having an outer shape corresponding to the shape of the kicker recess 37d and a predetermined thickness, and has a plurality of bolt holes 46 with bolt head insertion recesses 46a at positions corresponding to the threaded portions 35a, and has a protruding surface 47 that protrudes from the apex 37c by a preset protrusion amount (e.g., 1 mm) when fitted and fixed into the kicker recess 37d using hexagon socket bolts 45. The protruding surface 47 has a chamfered portion (inclined at approximately 45 degrees) 48 on its periphery, the chamfering amount in the protruding direction being greater than the protrusion amount (e.g., 7 mm). This allows the rope winding side slope 37e, which is the isosceles of the triangle, and the rope unwinding side slope 37f to be smoothly continuous via the protruding surface 47.

The winch drum 31 thus formed will wear down over time on each kicker member 38, 44, but will not be replaced immediately after a certain amount of wear. It is possible to insert a height-adjusting shim plate (metal plate) between the mounting surface of each kicker member 38, 44 and the bottom surface of the kicker recess 36f, 37d to restore the protruding surface 42, 47 to the amount of protrusion at the start of use. Below, as an example, a method for adjusting the height of the trapezoidal kicker member 38 will be described with reference to Figure 7.

First, when the winch is first used (when it is new), the trapezoidal kicker member 38 is fitted and fixed in the kicker recess 36f as shown in FIG. 7A, and forms a protruding surface 42 that protrudes from the opening of the kicker recess 36f by a set protrusion amount (for example, 1 mm). The protruding surface 42 becomes the highest part of the trapezoidal kicker 36 when the rope is wound up, and is the first to be worn down, so it eventually drops to a height position flush with the opening of the kicker recess 36f. Here, the number of prepared shim plates 49 equivalent to the amount of wear (1 mm), for example one shim plate 49 with a thickness of 1 mm, is inserted into the mounting surface of the trapezoidal kicker member 38 to restore the protrusion amount, and the winch is then used continuously. In this way, by adding shim plates 49 each time the protruding surface 42 wears, the chamfered portion 43 will eventually be completely exposed from the kicker recess 36f, or will be in a state just before being completely exposed as shown in Figure 7 (B), which is used as an indication of when to replace the trapezoidal kicker member 38.

In this way, according to the winch drum 31 of the present invention, the kicker recesses 36f, 37d are provided at the highest parts of the kickers 36, 37, which have a trapezoidal or triangular cross section, and the detachable kicker members 38, 44 that form part of the kickers 36, 37 are fitted into the kicker recesses 36f, 37d. This makes it possible to extend the life of the kicker, as with the winch drum of Patent Document 1, and furthermore, the kicker members 38, 44, which can be treated as replacement parts, make it easy and economical to maintain the winch drum 31.

In addition, the kicker members 38, 44 have protruding surfaces 42, 47 that protrude from the kicker recesses 36f, 37d by a set protruding amount, and the protruding surfaces 42, 47 are provided with chamfered portions 43, 48 with a chamfering amount larger than the set protruding amount, so that it is possible to suppress corner contact of the rope with a simple configuration, and smooth sliding and pressing force of the rope can be easily obtained. Moreover, by simply adjusting the shim, when the chamfered portions 43, 48 are exposed from the kicker recesses 36f, 37d, the time to replace the rope can be known at a glance, and the heads (tool holes) of the hexagon socket bolts 40, 45 can be prevented from being scraped off, thereby realizing a winch drum 31 with a highly reliable kicker attachment/detachment structure. Furthermore, since the kicker members 38, 44 are formed from a material that is less prone to wear than the material of the kicker recesses 36f, 37d, the life of the kicker can be further extended.

The winch drum of the present invention is not limited to the earth drill, but can be applied to various winches of various construction machines equipped with winches, such as pile drivers and cranes, and can also be applied to winches used alone and various devices that wind rope-like objects. The dimensions and angles of the trapezoidal and triangular parts of the kicker can be set appropriately depending on conditions such as the purpose of use of the winch, the diameter of the rope, the diameter of the hoist, and the number of times the rope is wound around the hoist. In addition, the kicker member can be made of wear-resistant steel plate with high hardness as long as it does not damage the rope, and the size of the chamfered part can be changed as necessary. Furthermore, various aspects can be considered according to the specifications of the winch, such as a configuration in which only the trapezoidal kicker is detachable depending on the load frequency. In addition, operational changes can be made during maintenance, such as setting the time for replacement as a guideline when the chamfered part has completely disappeared.

11...Earth drill, 12...Lower running body, 13...Upper rotating body, 14...Base machine, 15...Boom, 16...Gantry, 17...Counterweight, 18a, 18b, 18c...Winch, 19...Driver's cab, 21...Kelly bar drive device, 21a...Arm, 21b...Cylinder, 22...Top sheave block, 23a...Main hoisting rope, 23b...Auxiliary hoisting rope, 23c...Drawing rope, 24...Kelly bar, 25...Expanded bucket, 26...Pendant rope, 31...Winch drum, 32...Rope groove, 33...Hoisting drum, 33a...Rope fixing part, 34...Flange, 34a...Threaded part, 35...Flange, 35a...Threaded part, 36...Trapezoidal kicker, 36a...kicker base, 36b...lower base, 36c...upper base, 36d...rope winding side slope, 36e...winding side slope, 36f...kicker recess, 37...triangular kicker, 37a...kicker base, 37b...base, 37c...vertex, 37d...kicker recess, 37e...rope winding side slope, 37f...winding side slope, 38...trapezoidal kicker member, 39...inner circumference side kicker, 40...hexagonal socket bolt, 41...bolt hole, 41a...bolt head insertion recess, 42...protruding surface, 43...chamfered portion, 44...triangular kicker member, 45...hexagonal socket bolt, 46...bolt hole, 46a...bolt head insertion recess, 47...protruding surface, 48...chamfered portion, 49...shim plate

Claims (8)

A winch drum having flanges on both sides of a winding drum for winding a rope, and kickers on the inner surface of each flange for guiding the winding direction of the second and subsequent layers of rope,
At least one of the kickers has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape when viewed from the radial direction of the flange , with the inner surface of the flange forming the wide lower base of the trapezoid and the highest part of the protruding end forming the upper base, and a kicker recess for fitting a removable kicker member is provided at the position of the highest part of the protruding end, and the kicker member is fitted into the kicker recess. The winch drum according to claim 1, characterized in that the kicker member has a protruding surface that protrudes from the kicker recess by a preset protruding amount when fitted into the kicker recess, and the protruding surface is provided with a chamfered portion whose chamfering amount in the protruding direction is greater than the protruding amount. The winch drum according to claim 2, characterized in that a shim plate for adjusting the amount of protrusion of the protruding surface is provided between the mounting surface of the kicker member and the bottom surface of the kicker recess. A winch drum according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the kicker member is made of a material that is less susceptible to wear than the material of the kicker recess. A winch drum having flanges on both sides of a winding drum for winding a rope, and kickers on the inner surface of each flange for guiding the winding direction of the second and subsequent layers of rope,
At least one of the kickers has a triangular cross-sectional shape when viewed from the radial direction of the flange , with the inner flange surface being the wide base of the triangle and the highest point of the protruding end being the apex, and a kicker recess is provided at the highest point of the protruding end for fitting a removable kicker member, and the kicker member is fitted into the kicker recess. The winch drum according to claim 5, characterized in that the kicker member has a protruding surface that protrudes from the kicker recess by a preset protruding amount when fitted into the kicker recess, and the protruding surface is provided with a chamfered portion whose chamfering amount in the protruding direction is greater than the protruding amount. The winch drum according to claim 6, characterized in that a shim plate is provided between the mounting surface of the kicker member and the bottom surface of the kicker recess to adjust the amount of protrusion of the protruding surface. A winch drum according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the kicker member is made of a material that is less susceptible to wear than the material of the kicker recess.

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