JP7547115B2 - セグメント化された電極の接触に応じた動的アブレーション及び検知 - Google Patents
セグメント化された電極の接触に応じた動的アブレーション及び検知 Download PDFInfo
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Description
心臓内高周波(RF)多電極カテーテル及び/又は不可逆的エレクトロポレーション(IRE)多電極カテーテルなどの医療用プローブによる効率的なアブレーションのために、カテーテルの上に配設されたアブレーション電極は、アブレーションされる組織と良好に物理的に接触していることが重要である。例えば、複数のアブレーション電極を有するバルーンカテーテルが、肺静脈(PV)の口など、器官内の組織をアブレーションするために使用されるとき、典型的には、カテーテル電極の全てがPVに接触するように位置付けられる。しかしながら、電極のうちのいくつかの接触は、有効かつ安全なアブレーションに十分ではない場合がある。
図1は、本発明の例示的な一実施形態による、カテーテルに基づく位置追跡及びバルーンアブレーションシステム20の概略的な描写図である。システム20は、セグメント化された電極50を含むRFアブレーション用拡張可能バルーン40を有する(挿入図25に見られる)カテーテルのシャフト22の遠位端22aに適合するカテーテル21を備える。本明細書に記載される例示的な実施形態では、セグメント化された電極50は、心臓26内のPVの口51の組織をアブレーションするために使用される。
図2は、本発明の例示的な実施形態による、肺静脈(PV)及びその口51の領域内に配設された図1のバルーンカテーテルの概略的な側面描写図である。バルーンカテーテルは、不整脈の原因を隔離するために口51の組織をアブレーションするために使用される。バルーン40は、バルーンの膜71の上に配設された10個のセグメント化された電極50を有する。アブレーション中の組織とのそれぞれのセグメント55の物理的接触のレベルに応じて、RF電力は、アブレーション電源45から、10個の電極50のそれぞれの4つの電極セグメント55のそれぞれに、独立して送達され得る。
(1) システムであって、
器官内の組織と接触して配置され、組織にアブレーション電力を印加するように構成された複数の電極を有するカテーテルの拡張可能な遠位端と、
プロセッサと、を備え、前記プロセッサは、
前記アブレーション電力の印加中に、前記電極と組織との間の物理的接触が既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定し、
前記電極の中の一電極と前記組織との前記物理的接触が、前記既定の接触の質を満たしていない場合、前記電極を電気生理学的(EP)検知に再使用するように構成されている、システム。
(2) 前記アブレーション電力が、高周波(RF)発生器によって出力されるRF電力及び不可逆的エレクトロポレーション(IRE)パルス発生器によって出力されるIREパルスのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(3) 前記アブレーション電力の発生器とEP検知システムとの間で前記電極を切り替えるように構成されたスイッチングアセンブリを備え、前記プロセッサは、(i)最初に前記電極を前記発生器に接続し、(ii)続いて、前記電極をEP検知に再使用するために前記電極を前記EP検知システムに接続するように、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御するように構成されている、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(4) 前記電極のそれぞれが複数の電極セグメントを含み、前記スイッチングアセンブリ及び前記プロセッサは、前記発生器と前記EP検知システムとの間で前記電極セグメントのいずれかを個別に切り替えるように構成されている、実施態様3に記載のシステム。
(5) 最初に前記電極のそれぞれを前記アブレーション電力の発生器に、及びEP検知システムに並列に接続させるように構成されたスイッチングアセンブリを備え、前記プロセッサは、続いて、前記電極をEP検知に再使用するために前記電極を前記発生器から切断するように、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御するように構成されている、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(7) 前記プロセッサは、予め設定された温度基準を評価することによって、前記電極の前記物理的接触が前記既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定するように構成されている、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(8) 前記プロセッサが、前記電極の測定温度と予め設定された閾値温度との関係を評価することによって、前記予め設定された温度基準を評価するように構成されている、実施態様7に記載のシステム。
(9) 前記プロセッサは、予め設定されたインピーダンス基準を評価することによって、前記電極の前記物理的接触が前記既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定するように構成されている、実施態様1に記載のシステム。
(10) 前記プロセッサは、前記インピーダンスの周波数依存性が、前記電極が血液と接触していることを示しているのか、又は前記電極が組織と接触していることを示しているのかを判断することによって、前記インピーダンス基準を評価するように構成されている、実施態様9に記載のシステム。
器官の組織と接触している複数の電極を有するカテーテルの拡張可能な遠位端を配置することと、
前記複数の電極にアブレーション電力を印加することと、
前記アブレーション電力の印加中に、前記電極と前記組織との間の物理的接触が既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定することと、
前記電極の中の一電極の前記組織との前記物理的接触が、前記既定の接触の質を満たしていない場合、前記電極を電気生理学的(EP)検知に再使用することと、を含む、方法。
(12) 前記アブレーション電力を印加することが、高周波(RF)アブレーション電力のうちの少なくとも1つを印加することと、不可逆的エレクトロポレーション(IRE)パルスを印加することと、を含む、実施態様11に記載の方法。
(13) スイッチングアセンブリを使用して、前記アブレーション電力の発生器とEP検知システムとの間で前記電極を切り替えることと、(i)最初に前記電極を前記発生器に接続し、(ii)続いて、前記電極をEP検知に再使用するために前記電極を前記EP検知システムに接続するように、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御することと、を含む、実施態様11に記載の方法。
(14) 前記電極のそれぞれが複数の電極セグメントを含み、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御することが、前記発生器と前記EP検知システムとの間で前記電極セグメントのいずれかを個別に切り替えることを含む、実施態様13に記載の方法。
(15) スイッチングアセンブリを使用して、最初に前記電極のそれぞれを前記アブレーション電力の発生器に、及びEP検知システムに並列に接続させることと、続いて、前記電極をEP検知に再使用するために前記電極を前記発生器から切断するように、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御することと、を含む、実施態様11に記載の方法。
(17) 前記電極の前記物理的接触が前記既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定することが、予め設定された温度基準を評価することを含む、実施態様11に記載の方法。
(18) 前記予め設定された温度基準を評価することが、前記電極の測定温度と予め設定された閾値温度との関係を評価することを含む、実施態様17に記載の方法。
(19) 前記電極の前記物理的接触が前記既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定することが、予め設定されたインピーダンス基準を評価することを含む、実施態様11に記載の方法。
(20) 前記予め設定されたインピーダンスを評価することは、前記インピーダンスの周波数依存性が、前記電極が血液と接触していることを示しているのか、又は前記電極が組織と接触していることを示しているのかを判断することを含む、実施態様19に記載の方法。
Claims (10)
- システムであって、
器官内の組織と接触して配置され、組織にアブレーション電力を印加するように構成された複数の電極を有するカテーテルの拡張可能な遠位端と、
プロセッサと、を備え、前記プロセッサは、
前記アブレーション電力の印加中に、前記複数の電極と組織との間の物理的接触が既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定し、
前記複数の電極の中の一電極と前記組織との前記物理的接触が、前記既定の接触の質を満たしていない場合、前記一電極を電気生理学的(EP)検知に使用するように構成されている、システム。 - 前記アブレーション電力が、高周波(RF)発生器によって出力されるRF電力及び不可逆的エレクトロポレーション(IRE)パルス発生器によって出力されるIREパルスのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記アブレーション電力の発生器とEP検知システムとの間で前記一電極を切り替えるように構成されたスイッチングアセンブリを備え、前記プロセッサは、(i)最初に前記一電極を前記発生器に接続し、(ii)続いて、前記一電極をEP検知に使用するために前記一電極を前記EP検知システムに接続するように、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の電極のそれぞれが複数の電極セグメントを含み、前記スイッチングアセンブリ及び前記プロセッサは、前記発生器と前記EP検知システムとの間で前記複数の電極セグメントのいずれかを個別に切り替えるように構成されている、請求項3に記載のシステム。
- 最初に前記複数の電極のそれぞれを前記アブレーション電力の発生器に、及びEP検知システムに並列に接続させるように構成されたスイッチングアセンブリを備え、前記プロセッサは、続いて、前記一電極をEP検知に使用するために前記一電極を前記発生器から切断するように、前記スイッチングアセンブリを制御するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記複数の電極のそれぞれが複数の電極セグメントを含み、前記スイッチングアセンブリ及び前記プロセッサは、前記発生器から前記複数の電極セグメントのいずれかを個別に切断するように構成されている、請求項5に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、予め設定された温度基準を評価することによって、前記一電極の前記物理的接触が前記既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記一電極の測定温度と予め設定された閾値温度との関係を評価することによって、前記予め設定された温度基準を評価するように構成されている、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、予め設定されたインピーダンス基準を評価することによって、前記一電極の前記物理的接触が前記既定の接触の質を満たしているかどうかを判定するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、インピーダンスの周波数依存性が、前記一電極が血液と接触していることを示しているのか、又は前記一電極が組織と接触していることを示しているのかを判断することによって、前記インピーダンス基準を評価するように構成されている、請求項9に記載のシステム。
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| EP3777743B1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
| JP2021030077A (ja) | 2021-03-01 |
| RU2761291C1 (ru) | 2021-12-06 |
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| US12114918B2 (en) | 2024-10-15 |
| IL276304B1 (en) | 2024-04-01 |
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| CN112451081B (zh) | 2025-09-02 |
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