JP7564543B2 - Manufacturing method of liquid special fertilizer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a special liquid fertilizer, and more specifically, to a production method technology for fermenting and composting a liquid extracted from moringa components.

Conventionally, in agriculture, nutrients necessary for crop growth have generally been added to the soil by adding fertilizers to the soil. Chemical fertilizers are often used as fertilizers because of their efficiency and production costs.
However, when chemical fertilizers are used excessively, the chemicals can exceed the level of selective absorption by crops and cause nutrients to be absorbed, raising concerns about health, such as nitrate nitrogen.

Another problem with chemical fertilizers and pesticides is that excessive or repeated use can lead to an imbalance of nutrients and can even kill beneficial microorganisms in the soil, deteriorating the soil structure that beneficial soil microorganisms need to grow crops, significantly reducing cultivation efficiency.
It is possible to produce crops without pesticides, but there are concerns that the increased incidence of pests and diseases could reduce production efficiency.
Therefore, there was a demand for fertilizers that were made from natural ingredients, were safe, and had efficacy that was comparable to that of chemical fertilizers.

As related techniques, a fertilizer production method is disclosed in which clay minerals, an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate, and an aqueous solution of magnesium sulfate are added to food waste for processing (see Patent Document 1). Also, a fertilizer production method is disclosed in which a liquid mixture of keratin raw material and peracetic acid solution is processed (see Patent Document 2).
However, all of the related techniques use chemical substances and do not fundamentally solve the above problems.

JP 2002-356390 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-59080

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to produce a liquid special fertilizer that uses natural materials as raw materials, is safe, and has efficacy that is comparable to that of chemical fertilizers.

In order to solve the above problems, the liquid special fertilizer of the present invention comprises a stirring process in which dried cut cottonseed, dried powder of moringa leaves and/or stems, and dried powder of stevia leaves and/or stems are mixed and stirred at high temperature, a first filtration process in which the product of the stirring process is filtered, a mixing process in which fermentation bacteria is mixed with the product of the first filtration process, and a composting process in which the product of the mixing process is composted for a predetermined period of time.

The present invention also provides a second filtration process for filtering the product of the composting process.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a means for the stirring temperature in the stirring process to be 40 to 65 degrees.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method in which the specified period for composting in the composting process is 1.5 to 3 months.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method in which the mixing ratio in the stirring step is 400 to 500 grams of cottonseed, 250 to 300 grams of moringa, and 150 to 200 grams of stevia per 20 liters of water.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a means for the mixing ratio in the mixing step to be 150 to 250 cc of fermentation bacteria per 20 liters of water.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a means in which the fermentation bacteria is Bacillus subtilis natto.

The manufacturing method of the special liquid fertilizer of the present invention makes it possible to produce a liquid fertilizer that effectively extracts the ingredients of moringa, cottonseed, and stevia without using chemicals. This allows the rich nutrients of moringa, cottonseed, and stevia to permeate the soil as they are, and contributes to the growth and increased nutritional value of cultivated plants that absorb them.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the steps of a method for producing a special liquid fertilizer according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a comparative explanatory diagram showing the growth state of plants when the liquid special fertilizer produced by the method according to the present invention is used. FIG. 2 is a comparative diagram showing the components of a plant when the liquid special fertilizer produced by the method according to the present invention is used.

The greatest feature of the present invention is that it is possible to provide a safe liquid fertilizer by using moringa as the main raw material and adopting natural materials for all raw materials, and at the same time, it is possible to produce a liquid special fertilizer that is as effective as chemical fertilizers.
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for producing a special liquid fertilizer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The overall structure and the structure of each part of the special liquid fertilizer shown below are not limited to the examples below, but can be modified as appropriate within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, i.e., within the scope of the configuration that can achieve the same effect.

The present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the manufacturing process of the liquid special fertilizer according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a comparative explanatory diagram showing the growth state of a plant when the liquid special fertilizer produced by the present invention is used. Figure 3 is a comparative diagram showing the components of a plant when the liquid special fertilizer produced by the present invention is used, where (a) is a graph comparing the crude protein content, (b) is a graph comparing the vitamin E content, and (c) is a graph comparing the β-carotene content.
The manufacturing method of the liquid special fertilizer according to the present invention is a process for manufacturing the liquid special fertilizer 10, in which the raw materials are mixed and stirred, additives are mixed, and the liquid special fertilizer 10 is manufactured by fermenting and composting.

The liquid special fertilizer manufacturing process 1 constituting the manufacturing method of the liquid special fertilizer according to the present invention is composed of a stirring process 30, a first filtering process 40, a mixing process 60, a composting process 70, a second filtering process 80, a weighing process 90 and a filling process 91 (Figure 1). The raw materials are composed of a main raw material 20 and additives 50.

The main raw material 20 is composed of water 21, moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24. Moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24 are the main raw materials that produce the effects of the present invention. Moringa 22 is rich in vitamins A and E, calcium, mineral components, amino acids (GABA), polyphenols, etc. that enhance immunity.
Moringa also contains antibacterial components (isothiocyanates) and antioxidants, which can make crops stronger against diseases and pests and improve their immunity.
The leaves and/or stems of Moringa 22 are dried and powdered for use. By drying and powdering, the efficiency of extracting nutrients into the solvent water 21 can be increased.

Cottony 23 is a type of seaweed belonging to the Eucheuma genus, and is rich in minerals, carbohydrates, vitamins, amino acids, etc., and can promote plant growth. It is particularly effective in promoting root growth. Cottony 23 is used after cutting and drying.
Also, the cut and dried cottony 23 may be rehydrated in water to form a gel, and then mixed in. By mixing in a gelled state, mixing can be performed more efficiently.

Stevia 24 is a perennial plant of the Stevia genus in the Asteraceae family, which has sweetening properties and antioxidant properties, and its leaves and stems are extracted with hot water to produce concentrates and other processed products, which are already widely used in the fields of sweeteners, medicines, agricultural materials, and cosmetics. As an agricultural material, it is said that applying stevia concentrate to agricultural crops breaks down residual chemical substances, activates effective microorganisms, and is effective in improving soil (antioxidant properties), supplementing the nutrients of agricultural crops, and preventing diseases and pests. It has also been reported that harvested agricultural crops last longer, become juicy and rich in vitamins and minerals, and have improved flavor.
Stevia leaves and/or stems are dried and powdered for use as stevia 24. By drying and powdering, the efficiency of extracting nutrients into the solvent water 21 can be increased.

Water 21 is an extraction solvent for liquefying the ingredients of moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24. From the perspective of extracting ingredients, organic solvents could be considered, but since organic solvents are generally harmful to the environment, water, which is environmentally harmless and low-cost, is used as the solvent.

The stirring step 30 is a step of stirring and mixing the main raw material 20. In this step, the components of moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24 are extracted. The stirring and mixing method is not particularly limited except for the temperature, and may be performed according to a conventional method such as using a stirrer.
This step is performed by increasing the temperature of the water 21. Extraction can be promoted by performing the step at a high temperature. The appropriate temperature range is, for example, about 40°C to 65°C. If the temperature is higher than this, the nutrients vitamins and calcium, which are sensitive to heat, will deteriorate. In addition, when the fermentation bacteria 50a are added in the latter step, the initial temperature needs to be about 40°C. If the process is performed at a temperature far from 40°C, it will take time to adjust the temperature when moving to the latter step, which will result in a longer production time.
A temperature of about 60° C. is preferable in terms of accelerating extraction and reducing deterioration of nutrients.

The first filtration process 40 is a process for removing residues (residues) of moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24 from the mixture produced in the mixing process 30. Since the main purpose is to remove dietary fiber, filtration is performed using a regular cloth bag or the like. This process makes the product almost liquid.

The additive 50 is added to ferment the product from the first filtration process 40. The additive 50 is a fermentation bacterium 50a.

The fermentation bacteria 50a are additives for promoting fermentation in the next composting process 70. The fermentation bacteria 50a are used to microbially ferment and decompose the organic matter extracted from the moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24, and turn them into organic fertilizer. The concept of the fermentation bacteria 50a in the present invention refers only to bacteria that are effective in composting the mixture.
The type of fermentation bacteria 50a is not particularly limited and may be lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, or filamentous fungi. However, taking into consideration the stability of the fermentation action, it is considered to be good for soil to use natto bacteria.

The mixing process 60 is a process in which the additive 50 is mixed into the main raw material 20, and fermentation bacteria 50a, which are materials that promote composting as fertilizer, are mixed in. The reason for mixing the additive 50 after the first filtration process 40 is to prevent the additive 50 from adhering to the residue of the main raw materials moringa 22, cottonseed 23, and stevia 24, or the cloth bag used for filtering, and being removed.

The composting process 70 is a process in which the product produced in the mixing process 60 is composted. Composting is the process of creating compost by creating an appropriate temperature and environment, where microorganisms decompose and ferment organic matter. The composting, or in other words, fermentation, period is about two months at room temperature. Room temperature is, for example, the temperature when placed in a place not exposed to direct sunlight. Temperatures change depending on the season, and the fermentation period varies slightly. In warm seasons, it may take about 1.5 months, and in cold seasons, it may take about three months. In the composting process 70, it is also favorable for fermentation to periodically (for example, once a week) stir (shake) the product. Stirring allows the fermentation to proceed evenly.

The second filtration process 80 is a process for removing residues contained in the product of the composting process 70. In the composting process 70, residues (sediment, similar to sake lees) are generated due to fermentation, so the sediment is removed to improve the quality of the liquid fertilizer. This process produces the special liquid fertilizer 10.

The weighing process 90 and the filling process 91 are processes for packaging the liquid special fertilizer 10. In the weighing process 90, for example, 5 liters is weighed, and in the filling process 91, the weighed amount is filled into individual containers, and the liquid special fertilizer 10 is completed in its product form.

The mixing ratio of each material in this process is determined taking into consideration various conditions such as the unit price of the material, efficacy, number of days for fermentation, etc. As a result of trying many patterns of mixing ratios through experiments, it is desirable to mix, for example, 250 to 300 grams of moringa 22, 400 to 500 grams of cottonseed 23, 150 to 200 grams of stevia 24, and 150 cc to 250 cc of fermentation bacteria 50a with 20 liters of water 21.
Among the above-mentioned mixing ratios, the best mixing ratio is 300 grams of moringa 22, 500 grams of cottonseed oil 23, 200 grams of stevia 24, and 200 cc of fermentation bacteria 50a per 20 liters of water 21.

Regarding the above mixing ratio, the reason why 250 to 300 grams of Moringa 22 is used for 20 liters of water 21 is that if there is too much Moringa 22, the components cannot be extracted sufficiently, and the precious nutrients remain in the residue, and if there is too little, the amount of extracted nutrients is reduced, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. It is preferable to use about 300 grams of Moringa 22, as this allows efficient extraction.
The reason for using 500 grams of Cottonseed 23 and 200 grams of Stevia 24 is the same as above.

The mixing ratio of fermentation bacteria 50a is set to 150cc to 250cc because if the amount is less than 150cc, it takes time for fermentation to start, resulting in a time loss. Also, if about 150cc to 250cc of fermentation bacteria 50a is mixed, the reproduction activity of the microorganisms themselves will sufficiently promote fermentation. It is efficient and preferable to mix about 200cc of fermentation bacteria 50a.

FIG. 2 is an image showing the growth state of a plant when the special liquid fertilizer 10 produced by the production method according to the present invention is used.
The plant (using the present invention) G1 is a plant grown with the special liquid fertilizer 10 according to the present invention, and the plant (not using the present invention) G2 is a plant grown with a conventional fertilizer.
As can be seen from the images, the plant G1 (using the present invention) has better roots than the plant G2 (not using the present invention). It can also be seen that the stem S and leaves R of the plant G1 (using the present invention) have grown larger than the stem S and leaves R of the plant G2 (not using the present invention).

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the components of plants when the liquid special fertilizer 10 produced by the production method according to the present invention is used, and shows the effect of the liquid special fertilizer 10 on the growth of pasture grass.
In order to compare normal fertilizer with Liquid Special Fertilizer 10, test and control plots of 1 are each were set up in the grassland, and Liquid Special Fertilizer 10 was diluted 1,000 times and sprayed on the green grass in the test plot for 10 days.
The items analyzed were the crude protein content of the fresh grass, as well as the vitamin E and beta-carotene contents.

The crude protein content in the dry matter was about twice as high in the test plot component value S2, which was the component value in the test plot where the liquid special fertilizer 10 was used, as compared with the control plot component value S1, which was the control plot where the ordinary fertilizer was used ( FIG. 3( a )).
Regarding the content of vitamin E and β-carotene in the dry matter, the component value S2 of the test area where the liquid special fertilizer 10 was used was about twice as high as the component value S1 of the control area where the ordinary fertilizer was used (FIGS. 3(b) and (c)).
From these results, it can be judged that the effect of spraying the liquid special fertilizer 10 on cultivated plants including pasture grass is high, and therefore it is considered that spraying the liquid special fertilizer 10 will have a favorable effect on cultivated plants to some extent.

Thus, according to the present invention, in the method for producing a special fertilizer containing moringa, cottony, and stevia, it is possible to produce a liquid fertilizer in which the components of moringa, cottony, and stevia are effectively extracted without using chemical substances in any of the raw materials, and the abundant nutrients of moringa, etc. can be directly permeated into the soil, which contributes to the growth and increased nutritional value of cultivated plants that absorb the nutrients, such as by promoting rooting, rooting, recovery of tree vigor, increased photosynthesis, improved quality, increased yield, and increased sugar content.
Moringa and stevia also contain antibacterial and antioxidant properties, which help make crops more resistant to disease and pests and improve their immunity.

The liquid special fertilizer of the present invention is believed to have great industrial applicability as a technology for improving the effects of liquid special fertilizers.

1 Liquid special fertilizer manufacturing process 10 Liquid special fertilizer 20 Main raw material 21 Water 22 Moringa 23 Seaweed (cotton)
24 Stevia 30 Stirring step 40 First filtration step 50 Additive 50a Fermentation bacteria 60 Mixing step 70 Composting step 80 Second filtration step 90 Weighing step 91 Filling step G1 Plant (used in the present invention)
G2 Plant (not used in the present invention)
S Stem R Leaf C Root S1 Control plot component value S2 Test plot component value

Claims (6)

A method for producing a liquid special fertilizer, comprising:
A mixing step of mixing water, cut and dried cottonseed, dried powder of moringa leaves and/or stems, and dried powder of stevia leaves and/or stems at a high temperature;
a first filtration step of filtering the product of the stirring step;
A mixing step of mixing a fermentation bacterium with the product of the first filtration step;
a composting step of composting the product of the mixing step for a predetermined period of time;
It consists of
A method for producing a liquid special fertilizer, characterized in that the mixing ratio in the stirring step is 400 to 500 grams of cottonseed, 250 to 300 grams of moringa, and 150 to 200 grams of stevia per 20 liters of water . The method for producing a liquid special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a second filtration process for filtering the product of the composting process. The method for producing a liquid special fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stirring temperature in the stirring process is 40 to 65 degrees. The method for producing a liquid special fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the specified period for composting in the composting process is 1.5 to 3 months. The method for producing a liquid special fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mixing ratio in the mixing step is 150 to 250 cc of fermentation bacteria per 20 liters of water. The method for producing a special liquid fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fermentation bacteria is Bacillus subtilis natto.