JP7573355B2 - Apparatus for producing non-aqueous electrolyte and method for producing non-aqueous electrolyte - Google Patents
Apparatus for producing non-aqueous electrolyte and method for producing non-aqueous electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 17
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical group [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PRJNEUBECVAVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(ethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 PRJNEUBECVAVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEERVPDNCOGWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(ethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 WEERVPDNCOGWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTOVVHWKPVSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BTOVVHWKPVSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YMOONIIMQBGTDU-VOTSOKGWSA-N [(e)-2-bromoethenyl]benzene Chemical compound Br\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 YMOONIIMQBGTDU-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004914 dipropylamino group Chemical group C(CC)N(CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CUPFNGOKRMWUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;difluoride Chemical compound F.F CUPFNGOKRMWUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Description
本発明は、非水電解液の製造装置および非水電解液の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus and a non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing method.
リチウムイオン電池においては、電解液として、有機非水溶媒に六フッ化リン酸リチウム(LiPF6 )などのリチウム系電解質を溶解させた非水電解液が用いられている。 In lithium ion batteries, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution in which a lithium-based electrolyte such as lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) is dissolved in an organic non-aqueous solvent is used as the electrolyte solution.
しかしながら、上記電解液を構成する溶媒及びリチウム系電解質中には微量の水分が残留しており、この水分は、上記LiPF6 等のリチウム系電解質と反応して、例えば以下の反応式(1)~(3)に示すようにフッ化水素(HF)等を生成する。
(1)LiPF6+H2O → LiF+2HF+POF3
(2)POF3+H2O → POF2(OH)+HF
(3)POF2(OH)+H2O → POF(OH)2+HF
However, trace amounts of water remain in the solvent and lithium-based electrolyte constituting the electrolytic solution. This water reacts with the lithium-based electrolyte such as LiPF6 to produce hydrogen fluoride (HF) and the like, for example, as shown in the following reaction formulas (1) to (3).
(1) LiPF 6 +H 2 O → LiF+2HF+POF 3
(2) POF 3 +H 2 O → POF 2 (OH) + HF
(3) POF 2 (OH) + H 2 O → POF (OH) 2 +HF
電解液中に上記フッ化水素(フッ酸)等の酸性不純物が存在する場合、リチウムイオン電池の電池容量や充放電のサイクル特性を低下させたり、電池内部の腐食を生じやすくなる(特許文献1(特開2011-71111号公報)等参照)。 If acidic impurities such as hydrogen fluoride (hydrofluoric acid) are present in the electrolyte, they can reduce the battery capacity and charge/discharge cycle characteristics of the lithium-ion battery, and can easily cause corrosion inside the battery (see Patent Document 1 (JP 2011-71111 A)).
このため、従来より、電解液中からフッ酸等の酸性不純物を除去する方法が望まれるようになっており、係る酸性不純物を除去する方法として、三級アミン構造を有する陰イオン交換基(三級アミノ基)等を含む弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂にリチウムイオン電池用電解液を接触させる方法が考えられる。 For this reason, there has been a demand for a method for removing acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid from the electrolyte. One possible method for removing such acidic impurities is to bring the lithium-ion battery electrolyte into contact with a weakly basic anion exchange resin that contains an anion exchange group having a tertiary amine structure (a tertiary amino group).
しかしながら、本発明者等が検討したところ、上記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂をリチウムイオン電池用電解液と接触させたときに、電解液中の炭酸エステル溶媒により上記三級アミノ基が四級アンモニウム基に変性される四級化反応を生じることが判明した。
上記四級化反応により陰イオン交換基が変性すると、吸着性が向上して電解液中の酸性不純物のみならず他の成分も吸着し易くなることから、酸性不純物を選択的に除去することが困難になる。
However, the present inventors have found through their investigations that when the weakly basic anion exchange resin is brought into contact with an electrolyte for a lithium ion battery, a quaternization reaction occurs in which the tertiary amino group is modified into a quaternary ammonium group by the carbonate solvent in the electrolyte.
When the anion exchange group is modified by the above-mentioned quaternization reaction, the adsorptivity is improved and the group becomes more likely to adsorb not only acidic impurities in the electrolyte but also other components, making it difficult to selectively remove the acidic impurities.
このような状況下、本発明は、リチウムイオン電池用電解液等の非水電解液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物をアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理することが可能な非水電解液の製造装置を提供するとともに、非水電解液の製造方法を提供することを目的とするものである。 In light of this situation, the present invention aims to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus that can easily purify nonaqueous electrolytes, such as electrolytes for lithium ion batteries, by adsorbing acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in the nonaqueous electrolytes using a weakly basic anion exchange resin having amino groups while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the weakly basic anion exchange groups, tertiary amino groups, into quaternary ammonium groups, and to provide a method for manufacturing nonaqueous electrolytes.
本発明者等は、上記目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、炭酸エステル中にアルカリ金属塩電解質が分散されたアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を通液して非水電解液を得るための、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部を有し、前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rである非水電解液の製造装置により、上記技術課題を解決し得ることを見出し、本知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive research conducted by the inventors in order to achieve the above object, they discovered that the above technical problems can be solved by a non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus having an ion exchange section containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin for obtaining a non-aqueous electrolyte by passing an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte is dispersed in a carbonate ester, the weakly basic anion exchange resin having a styrene-based resin base and a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and having a total ion exchange capacity of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R before treatment with the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid, and they have completed the present invention based on this finding.
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)炭酸エステル中に分解して酸を生成し得るアルカリ金属塩電解質が溶解されたアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を通液して非水電解液を得るための、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部を有し、
前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rである
ことを特徴とする非水電解液の製造装置、
(2)前記スチレン系樹脂が、スチレン-ジビニルベンゼン共重合体である上記(1)に記載の非水電解液の製造装置、
(3)前記非水電解液がリチウムイオン電池用電解液である上記(1)または(2)に記載の非水電解液の製造装置、
(4)非水電解液を製造する方法であって、
炭酸エステル中に分解して酸を生成し得るアルカリ金属塩電解質が溶解されたアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部に通液して非水電解を得る酸吸着工程を有し、
前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rである
ことを特徴とする非水電解液の製造方法、
(5)前記スチレン系樹脂が、スチレン-ジビニルベンゼン共重合体である上記(4)に記載の非水電解液の製造方法、
(6)前記非水電解液がリチウムイオン電池用電解液である上記(4)または(5)に記載の非水電解液の製造方法、
を提供するものである。
That is, the present invention provides
(1) An ion exchange unit containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin is provided for passing an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte capable of decomposing into a carbonate ester to generate an acid is dissolved , to obtain a nonaqueous electrolyte solution.
the weakly basic anion exchange resin has a styrene-based resin as a base, a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and a total ion exchange capacity before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R;
(2) The apparatus for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte according to (1) above, wherein the styrene-based resin is a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer.
(3) The apparatus for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte according to (1) or (2), wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte is an electrolyte for a lithium ion battery.
(4) A method for producing a nonaqueous electrolyte solution, comprising the steps of:
an acid adsorption step of passing an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid, in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte capable of being decomposed into a carbonate ester to generate an acid , through an ion exchange unit containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin to obtain nonaqueous electrolysis;
a method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the weakly basic anion exchange resin has a styrene-based resin as a base, a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and a total ion exchange capacity before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R;
(5) The method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte according to the above (4), wherein the styrene-based resin is a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer.
(6) The method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution according to (4) or (5), wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is an electrolyte solution for a lithium ion battery.
This provides:
本発明によれば、非水電解液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物をアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理することが可能な非水電解液の製造装置を提供し得るとともに、非水電解液の製造方法を提供することができる。 The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus that can easily purify nonaqueous electrolytes by adsorbing acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in the nonaqueous electrolyte with a weakly basic anion exchange resin having amino groups while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the weakly basic anion exchange groups, tertiary amino groups, into quaternary ammonium groups, and can also provide a method for manufacturing nonaqueous electrolytes.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置は、炭酸エステル中にアルカリ金属塩電解質が分散されたアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を通液して非水電解液を得るための、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部を有し、
前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rである
ことを特徴とするものである。
The apparatus for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention includes an ion exchange unit containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin, and configured to pass an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte is dispersed in a carbonate ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte,
The weakly basic anion exchange resin is characterized in that it has a styrene-based resin as a base, has a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and has a total ion exchange capacity of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid.
図1は、本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置の構成例を示すものである。 Figure 1 shows an example of the configuration of a nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing device according to the present invention.
図1に示すように、本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置1は、炭酸エステル中にリチウム系電解質等のアルカリ金属塩電解質を分散したアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液Sを通液して非水電解液を得るための、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を収容したイオン交換部2を有している。
As shown in FIG. 1, the nonaqueous
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、炭酸エステルとしては、環状炭酸エステルおよび鎖状炭酸エステルから選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができる。 In the non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the carbonate ester may be one or more selected from cyclic carbonate esters and chain carbonate esters.
環状炭酸エステルとしては、エチレンカーボネート(炭酸エチレン)、プロピレンカーボネート(炭酸プロピレン)等から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができ、鎖状炭酸エステルとしては、ジメチルカーボネート(炭酸ジメチル)、ジエチルカーボネート(炭酸ジエチル)、エチルメチルカーボネート(炭酸エチルメチル)等から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができる。 Examples of cyclic carbonate esters include one or more selected from ethylene carbonate (ethylene carbonate), propylene carbonate (propylene carbonate), etc., and examples of chain carbonate esters include one or more selected from dimethyl carbonate (dimethyl carbonate), diethyl carbonate (diethyl carbonate), ethyl methyl carbonate (ethyl methyl carbonate), etc.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、アルカリ金属塩電解質としては、リチウム系電解質を挙げることができ、リチウム系電解質としては、LiPF6、LiClO4、LiBF4 、LiAsF6 、LiSbF6 、LiAlCl4 、LiCF3SO3等から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができ、電池性能を考慮した場合、LiPF6 が好適である。
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、非水電解液としては、リチウムイオン電池用電解液が好適である。
In the non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the alkali metal salt electrolyte may be a lithium-based electrolyte, and the lithium-based electrolyte may be one or more selected from LiPF6 , LiClO4 , LiBF4 , LiAsF6 , LiSbF6 , LiAlCl4 , LiCF3SO3 , etc., with LiPF6 being preferred in terms of battery performance.
In the non-aqueous electrolyte production apparatus according to the present invention, the non-aqueous electrolyte is preferably an electrolyte for lithium ion batteries.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液中のアルカリ金属塩濃度は、0.5~2.0mol/Lが好ましく、0.5~1.2mol/Lがより好ましく、0.8~1.2mol/Lがさらに好ましい。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the concentration of the alkali metal salt in the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing solution is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 mol/L, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2 mol/L, and even more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mol/L.
アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液の調製方法も特に制限されないが、例えば、炭酸エステル中にアルカリ金属塩電解質を、不活性ガス雰囲気下で添加、溶解することにより調製することができる。 The method for preparing the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid is not particularly limited, but it can be prepared, for example, by adding and dissolving an alkali metal salt electrolyte in a carbonate ester under an inert gas atmosphere.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置は、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液(未精製の非水電解液)を通液する、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部を有している。 The non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing device according to the present invention has an ion exchange section that contains a weakly basic anion exchange resin and through which an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid (unrefined non-aqueous electrolyte) is passed.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、イオン交換部で使用する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂は、スチレン系樹脂を基体として有するものである。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the weakly basic anion exchange resin used in the ion exchange section has a styrene-based resin as the base.
本出願書類において、スチレン系樹脂とは、スチレン又はスチレン誘導体を単独または共重合した、スチレン又はスチレン誘導体に由来する構成単位を50質量%以上含む樹脂を意味する。 In this application, styrene-based resin means a resin containing 50% by mass or more of structural units derived from styrene or a styrene derivative, either homopolymerized or copolymerized with styrene or a styrene derivative.
上記スチレン誘導体としては、α-メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、クロロスチレン、エチルスチレン、i-プロピルスチレン、ジメチルスチレン、ブロモスチレン等から選ばれる一種以上が挙げられる。 The styrene derivative may be one or more selected from α-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, chlorostyrene, ethylstyrene, i-propylstyrene, dimethylstyrene, bromostyrene, etc.
スチレン系樹脂としては、スチレンまたはスチレン誘導体の単独または共重合体を主成分とするものであれば、共重合可能な他のビニルモノマーとの共重合体であってもよく、このようなビニルモノマーとしては、例えば、o-ジビニルベンゼン、m-ジビニルベンゼン、p-ジビニルベンゼン等のジビニルベンゼン、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート等のアルキレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート等の多官能性モノマーや、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、メチル(メタ)アクリレート等から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができる。 As long as the styrene-based resin is mainly composed of a homopolymer or copolymer of styrene or a styrene derivative, it may be a copolymer with other copolymerizable vinyl monomers. Examples of such vinyl monomers include polyfunctional monomers such as divinylbenzenes, such as o-divinylbenzene, m-divinylbenzene, and p-divinylbenzene, alkylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, such as ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate and polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylonitrile, methyl (meth)acrylate, and the like.
上記共重合可能な他のビニルモノマーとしては、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレン重合数が4~16のポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジビニルベンゼンがより好ましく、ジビニルベンゼン、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレートがより好ましく、ジビニルベンゼンがさらに好ましい。 The other copolymerizable vinyl monomers are preferably ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate having an ethylene polymerization number of 4 to 16, and divinylbenzene, more preferably divinylbenzene and ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, and even more preferably divinylbenzene.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、イオン交換部で使用する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂は、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有している。 In the non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the weakly basic anion exchange resin used in the ion exchange section has a tertiary amino group as the weakly basic anion exchange group.
上記三級アミノ基としては、下記一般式(I)
で表されるものを挙げることができる。
The tertiary amino group is represented by the following general formula (I):
Examples of the above-mentioned formulas are given below.
上記一般式(I)で表される弱塩基性陰イオン交換基において、R1基およびR2基は炭素数1~3の炭化水素基である。
R1基またはR2基としては、アルキル基およびアルケニル基から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができ、アルキル基であることが好ましい。
R1基またはR2基として、具体的には、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基およびプロピレン基から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができ、メチル基であることが好ましい。
上記一般式(I)で表される弱塩基性陰イオン交換基において、R1基およびR2基は、互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
In the weakly basic anion exchange group represented by the above general formula (I), the R 1 group and the R 2 group are hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
The R 1 group or R 2 group may be one or more groups selected from an alkyl group and an alkenyl group, and is preferably an alkyl group.
Specific examples of the R 1 group or R 2 group include one or more groups selected from a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a propylene group, and a methyl group is preferable.
In the weakly basic anion exchange group represented by the above general formula (I), the R 1 group and the R 2 group may be the same or different.
上記一般式(I)で表される弱塩基性陰イオン交換基としては、ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基、ジプロピルアミノ基等を挙げることができ、ジメチルアミノ基であることが好ましい。 Examples of the weakly basic anion exchange group represented by the above general formula (I) include a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a dipropylamino group, etc., and the dimethylamino group is preferable.
上記一般式(I)において、*は、上記一般式(I)で表される弱塩基性陰イオン交換基と、基体または基体へ結合するための結合基との結合部位を示す。 In the above general formula (I), * indicates the binding site between the weakly basic anion exchange group represented by the above general formula (I) and the substrate or the binding group for binding to the substrate.
上記一般式(I)で表される弱塩基性陰イオン交換基は、スチレン系樹脂からなる基体に対し、下記一般式(II)に示すように、適宜結合基であるR3基を介して結合していることが好ましい。
上記R1基およびR2基としては、上述したものと同様のものを挙げることができる。
上記R3基は炭素数1~3の炭化水素基であり、R3基としては、アルキレン基およびアルケニレン基から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができ、アルキレン基であることが好ましい。
R3基として、具体的には、メチレン基 (-CH2-)、エチレン基(-CH2CH2CH2-)、 プロピレン基(-CH2CH2CH2-)等から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができ、メチレン基が好ましい。
The R 1 group and R 2 group may be the same as those mentioned above.
The R 3 group is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and examples of the R 3 group include one or more groups selected from alkylene groups and alkenylene groups, with an alkylene group being preferred.
Specific examples of the R 3 group include one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a methylene group (--CH 2 --), an ethylene group (--CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 --), a propylene group (--CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 --), and the like, with a methylene group being preferred.
上記一般式(I)で表される弱塩基性陰イオン交換基は、スチレン又はスチレン誘導体に置換基として導入することにより、スチレン系樹脂中に導入することができる。 The weakly basic anion exchange group represented by the above general formula (I) can be introduced into a styrene-based resin by introducing it as a substituent into styrene or a styrene derivative.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、イオン交換部で使用する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂は、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rであるものである。 In the non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the weakly basic anion exchange resin used in the ion exchange section has a total ion exchange capacity of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R before treatment with the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、イオン交換部で使用する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂は、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が、0.1~3.0eq/L-Rであるものであり、0.5~2.5eq/L-Rであるものが好ましく、1.0~2.0eq/L-Rであるものがより好ましい。 In the non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the weakly basic anion exchange resin used in the ion exchange section has a total ion exchange capacity of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R before treatment with the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid, preferably 0.5 to 2.5 eq/L-R, and more preferably 1.0 to 2.0 eq/L-R.
本出願書類において、総イオン交換容量は、後述する方法により算出される値を意味する。
アミノ基を弱塩基性陰イオン交換基とする弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂において、上記総イオン交換容量は、一級アミノ基、二級アミノ基、三級アミノ基および四級アンモニウム基を合計したイオン交換容量を意味する。
In the present application, the total ion exchange capacity means a value calculated by the method described below.
In a weakly basic anion exchange resin in which amino groups serve as the weakly basic anion exchange groups, the total ion exchange capacity refers to the combined ion exchange capacity of primary amino groups, secondary amino groups, tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium groups.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置は、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂として、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が上記範囲内にあるものを採用することにより、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物をアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理することができる。 The nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention employs a weakly basic anion exchange resin that is based on a styrene-based resin, has a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and has a total ion exchange capacity within the above range before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid. This allows for easy purification when acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid are adsorbed and purified by the weakly basic anion exchange resin that has an amino group, while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the tertiary amino group, which is a weakly basic anion exchange group, into a quaternary ammonium group.
本出願書類において、上記総イオン交換容量は、湿潤状態、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂において、陰イオン交換樹脂を塩酸で完全に塩化物イオン形に変換した後、エタノールで過剰の塩酸を洗浄し、アンモニア水を流した時に流出した塩化物イオンの量をアミノ基交換容量とし、次に硝酸ナトリウム溶液を流した時に流出した塩化物イオンの量を中性塩分解容量としたときに、アミノ基交換容量と中性塩分解容量の合計を総イオン交換容量とする。 In this application, the total ion exchange capacity is defined as the sum of the amino group exchange capacity and the neutral salt decomposition capacity, where the anion exchange resin is a weak base anion exchange resin in a wet state before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid, the anion exchange resin is completely converted to the chloride ion form with hydrochloric acid, the excess hydrochloric acid is washed away with ethanol, and the amount of chloride ions that flow out when ammonia water is passed through is defined as the amino group exchange capacity, and the amount of chloride ions that flow out when a sodium nitrate solution is then passed through is defined as the neutral salt decomposition capacity.
イオン交換部に収容される弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂は、ゲル型構造、マクロポーラス(MR)型構造、ポーラス型構造のいずれの構造を有するものであってもよく、マクロポーラス型構造を有するものが好ましい。 The weakly basic anion exchange resin contained in the ion exchange section may have any of a gel type structure, a macroporous (MR) type structure, and a porous type structure, with a macroporous type structure being preferred.
弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂のサイズは特に制限されないが、その調和平均径が、
300~1000μmであるものが好ましく、400~800μmであるものがより好ましく、500~700μmであるものがさらに好ましい。
The size of the weakly basic anion exchange resin is not particularly limited, but the harmonic mean diameter is preferably
The thickness is preferably 300 to 1000 μm, more preferably 400 to 800 μm, and even more preferably 500 to 700 μm.
このような弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂は、市販品であってもよく、例えば、三菱化学(株)製ダイヤイオンWA30や、オルガノ(株)製 ORLITE DS-6等から選ばれる一種以上を挙げることができる。 Such weakly basic anion exchange resins may be commercially available products, for example, one or more selected from Diaion WA30 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation and ORLITE DS-6 manufactured by Organo Corporation.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、イオン交換部内に収容される弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂の収容形態は、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液と弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂とが接触し得る形態であれば特に制限されない。
例えば、イオン交換部が、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を通液し得る弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を充填したカラムまたは槽であってもよい。
また、イオン交換部は、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を通液するためのポンプを備えたものであってもよい。
In the non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the form of the weakly basic anion exchange resin contained in the ion exchange unit is not particularly limited as long as it allows contact between the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid and the weakly basic anion exchange resin.
For example, the ion exchange unit may be a column or tank packed with a weakly basic anion exchange resin through which the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid can pass.
The ion exchange unit may also be provided with a pump for passing the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置において、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液をイオン交換部内の弱塩基性陰イオン交換装置に通液する通液速度(液空間速度)は、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液中の酸性不純物を除去し得る速度から適宜選定すればよい。 In the nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the liquid passing speed (liquid hourly space velocity) at which the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid is passed through the weakly basic anion exchange device in the ion exchange section may be appropriately selected from the speed at which acidic impurities in the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid can be removed.
上記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂による処理は、例えば、先ず、処理すべきアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を構成する炭酸エステル溶媒で予め弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を洗浄した後、約40~80℃で減圧下にて乾燥し、次いで、再度処理すべきアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を構成する炭酸エステル溶媒で弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を膨潤した上で、カラムに充填する。
その上で、常法に従い逆洗・押出し操作等を行った後、処理すべき電解液を好ましくはSV(流量/イオン交換樹脂体積比)1~100hr-1、より好ましくはSV2~50hr-1、さらに好ましくはSV5~20hr-1で通液することにより行うことができる。
In the treatment with the weakly basic anion exchange resin, for example, first, the weakly basic anion exchange resin is washed in advance with the carbonate ester solvent constituting the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid to be treated, and then dried under reduced pressure at about 40 to 80° C., and then the weakly basic anion exchange resin is swelled again with the carbonate ester solvent constituting the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid to be treated, and then packed into a column.
Then, backwashing, extrusion, etc. are performed according to the usual method, and the electrolyte to be treated is passed through the ion exchange resin preferably at an SV (flow rate/volume ratio of ion exchange resin) of 1 to 100 hr -1 , more preferably at an SV of 2 to 50 hr -1 , and even more preferably at an SV of 5 to 20 hr -1 .
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造装置においては、上記イオン交換部から得られる酸吸着処理液中のフッ酸等の酸性不純物の含有量が、20質量ppm以下であることが好ましく、10質量ppm以下であることがより好ましく、5質量ppm以下であることがさらに好ましい。
なお、本出願書類において、上記酸性不純物量は、中和滴定法により測定した値を意味する。
In the nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the content of acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid in the acid adsorption treatment solution obtained from the ion exchange unit is preferably 20 ppm by mass or less, more preferably 10 ppm by mass or less, and even more preferably 5 ppm by mass or less.
In the present application, the amount of acidic impurities refers to a value measured by neutralization titration.
本発明によれば、イオン交換部に収容する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂として、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、上記式により算出される総イオン交換容量が上記範囲内にあるものを採用することにより、非水電解液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物をアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理することが可能な非水電解液の製造装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, by adopting a weakly basic anion exchange resin contained in the ion exchange section that has a styrene-based resin as a base, has tertiary amino groups as weakly basic anion exchange groups, and has a total ion exchange capacity calculated by the above formula within the above range, it is possible to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing device that can easily perform purification processing while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the tertiary amino groups, which are weakly basic anion exchange groups, into quaternary ammonium groups when adsorbing and purifying acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in the nonaqueous electrolyte with the weakly basic anion exchange resin having amino groups.
次に、本発明に係る非水電解液の製造方法について説明する。
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造方法は、炭酸エステル中にアルカリ金属塩電解質が分散されたアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部に通液して非水電解液を得る酸吸着工程を有し、前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rであることを特徴とするものである。
Next, a method for producing the nonaqueous electrolyte according to the present invention will be described.
The method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution according to the present invention includes an acid adsorption step of passing an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing solution in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte is dispersed in a carbonate ester through an ion exchange section containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, the weakly basic anion exchange resin having a styrene-based resin base, a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and a total ion exchange capacity of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R before treatment with the alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing solution.
本発明に係る非水電解液の製造方法は、実質的に、本発明に係る製造装置を用いて非水電解液を製造するものであることから、製造方法の詳細は、上述した本発明に係る製造装置の使用形態の説明と共通する。 The method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention essentially produces a non-aqueous electrolyte using the production apparatus according to the present invention, and therefore the details of the production method are the same as those described above for the mode of use of the production apparatus according to the present invention.
本発明によれば、イオン交換部に収容する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂として、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が上記範囲内にあるものを採用することにより、非水電解液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物を三級アミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理可能な非水電解液の製造方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, by adopting a weakly basic anion exchange resin contained in the ion exchange section that has a styrene-based resin as a base, has tertiary amino groups as weakly basic anion exchange groups, and has a total ion exchange capacity within the above range before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid, it is possible to provide a method for producing a nonaqueous electrolyte that can be easily purified while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the tertiary amino groups, which are weakly basic anion exchange groups, into quaternary ammonium groups when acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in the nonaqueous electrolyte are adsorbed and purified by the weakly basic anion exchange resin having tertiary amino groups.
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、これは単に例示であって、本発明を制限するものではない。 Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to examples, but these are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention.
(実施例1)
図2に示す非水電解液の製造装置1としてリチウムイオン電池用電解液の製造装置を用いて電解液を調製した。
すなわち、先ず、図2に示すように、非水電解液の製造装置(リチウムイオン電池用電解液の製造装置)1を構成するイオン交換部2として、スチレン-ジビニルベンゼンを基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基としてジメチルアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を充填したカラムを用意した。
次いで、上記カラムに対し、エチレンカーボネートおよびジメチルカーボネートを体積比で1:1の割合で混合した混合溶媒にLiPF6を1mol/Lとなるように溶解した電解液Sを、ポンプPを用いて10h
-1 の通液速度で15日間通液し、通液後の電解液をタンクTに貯蔵した。
上記通液前後における、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂の総イオン交換容量を以下の方法で測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Example 1
An electrolyte solution was prepared using an apparatus for producing an electrolyte solution for lithium ion batteries, which is the nonaqueous electrolyte
That is, first, as shown in FIG. 2, a column packed with a weakly basic anion exchange resin having a styrene-divinylbenzene base and a dimethylamino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group was prepared as an
Next, an electrolyte solution S, in which LiPF6 was dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1:1, was passed through the column at a flow rate of 10 h -1 for 15 days using a pump P, and the electrolyte solution after passing through was stored in a tank T.
The total ion exchange capacity of the weakly basic anion exchange resin was measured before and after the above-mentioned liquid passing through it by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.
<総イオン交換容量の測定方法>
陰イオン交換樹脂を塩酸で完全に塩化物イオン形に変換した後、エタノールで過剰の塩酸を洗浄し、アンモニア水を流した時に流出した塩化物イオンの量をアミノ基交換容量とし、次に硝酸ナトリウム溶液を流した時に流出した塩化物イオンの量を中性塩分解容量とする。アミノ基交換容量と中性塩分解容量を合わせた量を総イオン交換容量とする。
<Method for measuring total ion exchange capacity>
After the anion exchange resin is completely converted to the chloride ion form with hydrochloric acid, excess hydrochloric acid is washed away with ethanol, and the amount of chloride ions that flow out when ammonia water is passed through is taken as the amino group exchange capacity, and the amount of chloride ions that flow out when sodium nitrate solution is then passed through is taken as the neutral salt decomposition capacity. The sum of the amino group exchange capacity and the neutral salt decomposition capacity is taken as the total ion exchange capacity.
上記総イオン交換容量は全イオン交換基量(一級アミノ基~三級アミノ基と四級アンモニウム基の総量)を示し、中性塩分解容量は四級アンモニウム基量を示す。
表1においては、電解液処理前後における中性塩分解容量およびアミノ基交換容量も併記する。
また、表1においては、下記式により算出した官能基の総量に占める四級アンモニウム基の割合も併記する。
官能基の総量に占める四級アンモニウム基の割合(%)=(中性塩分解容量(eq/L-R)/総イオン交換容量(eq/L-R))×100
The total ion exchange capacity indicates the amount of all ion exchange groups (the total amount of primary amino groups to tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium groups), and the neutral salt decomposition capacity indicates the amount of quaternary ammonium groups.
In Table 1, the neutral salt decomposition capacity and amino group exchange capacity before and after the electrolyte treatment are also shown.
Table 1 also shows the proportion of quaternary ammonium groups in the total amount of functional groups calculated according to the following formula.
Proportion (%) of quaternary ammonium groups in the total amount of functional groups=(neutral salt decomposition capacity (eq/L−R)/total ion exchange capacity (eq/L−R))×100
(実施例2~実施例4)
イオン交換部2を構成するカラムに充填する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂として、スチレン-ジビニルベンゼンを基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基としてジメチルアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂であって、各々表1に示す総イオン交換容量を有するものを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン電池用電解液の製造装置1を各々構成した。
次いで、実施例1と同様にして、上記カラムに対し、エチレンカーボネートおよびジメチルカーボネートを体積比で1:1の割合で混合した混合溶媒にLiPF6を1mol/Lとなるように溶解した電解液Sを、ポンプPを用いて10h
-1 の通液速度で15日間通液し、通液後の電解液をタンクTに貯蔵した。
上記通液前後における、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂の総イオン交換容量を実施例1と同様の方法で測定した。結果を表1に示す。
表1においては、電解液処理前後における中性塩分解容量、アミノ基交換容量および官能基の総量に占める四級アンモニウム基の割合についても、実施例1と同様に併記する。
(Examples 2 to 4)
The
Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, an electrolyte solution S, prepared by dissolving LiPF 6 at 1 mol/L in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 1:1, was passed through the column at a flow rate of 10 h -1 for 15 days using a pump P, and the electrolyte solution after passing through was stored in a tank T.
The total ion exchange capacity of the weakly basic anion exchange resin before and after the above-mentioned liquid passing was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
In Table 1, the neutral salt decomposition capacity, amino group exchange capacity, and the proportion of quaternary ammonium groups in the total amount of functional groups before and after the electrolyte treatment are also shown, as in Example 1.
(比較例1)
弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂として、アクリル系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基としてジメチルアミノ基を有するものを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を充填したカラムに対し電解液Sを通液し、通液前後における弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂の総イオン交換容量および中性塩分解容量を測定した。
結果を表1に示す。
(Comparative Example 1)
The weakly basic anion exchange resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the weakly basic anion exchange resin used was one having an acrylic resin as a base and a dimethylamino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group. The electrolyte S was passed through a column packed with the weakly basic anion exchange resin, and the total ion exchange capacity and neutral salt decomposition capacity of the weakly basic anion exchange resin were measured before and after passing the electrolyte S through the column.
The results are shown in Table 1.
表1より、実施例1~実施例4においては、炭酸エステル中にリチウム系電解質を分散したリチウム系電解質含有液中の酸性不純物の除去処理を、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、上記式により算出されるアミノ基交換容量が上記範囲内にあるものを採用することにより、リチウムイオン電池用電解液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物を三級アミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理し得ることが分かる。 From Table 1, it can be seen that in Examples 1 to 4, the removal of acidic impurities from a lithium-based electrolyte-containing solution in which a lithium-based electrolyte is dispersed in a carbonate ester is carried out by using a resin having a styrene-based resin base, a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and an amino group exchange capacity calculated by the above formula within the above range. This makes it possible to easily purify acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in a lithium-ion battery electrolyte by adsorption with a weakly basic anion exchange resin having a tertiary amino group while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the tertiary amino group, which is a weakly basic anion exchange group, into a quaternary ammonium group.
一方、表1より、比較例1においては、炭酸エステル中にリチウム系電解質を分散したリチウム系電解質含有液中の酸性不純物の除去処理を、上記特定の弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂を用いて行っていないために、三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性(四級化反応)を抑制し難いことが分かる。 On the other hand, Table 1 shows that in Comparative Example 1, the treatment to remove acidic impurities from the lithium-based electrolyte-containing solution in which the lithium-based electrolyte is dispersed in the carbonate ester is not performed using the specific weakly basic anion exchange resin, making it difficult to suppress the modification of tertiary amino groups to quaternary ammonium groups (quaternization reaction).
本発明によれば、非水電解液中に含まれるフッ酸等の酸性不純物をアミノ基を有する弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂により吸着して精製処理する際に、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基である三級アミノ基の四級アンモニウム基への変性を効果的に抑制しつつ容易に精製処理することが可能な非水電解液の製造装置を提供し得るとともに、非水電解液の製造方法を提供することができる。 The present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte manufacturing apparatus that can easily purify nonaqueous electrolytes by adsorbing acidic impurities such as hydrofluoric acid contained in the nonaqueous electrolyte with a weakly basic anion exchange resin having amino groups while effectively suppressing the degeneration of the weakly basic anion exchange groups, tertiary amino groups, into quaternary ammonium groups, and can also provide a method for manufacturing nonaqueous electrolytes.
1 非水電解液の製造装置
2 酸吸収装置
1. Non-aqueous
Claims (6)
前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rである
ことを特徴とする非水電解液の製造装置。 an ion exchange section containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin for passing an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte capable of decomposing into a carbonate ester to generate an acid is dissolved, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte;
The weakly basic anion exchange resin has a styrene-based resin as a base, a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and a total ion exchange capacity of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid.
炭酸エステル中に分解して酸を生成し得るアルカリ金属塩電解質が溶解されたアルカリ金属塩電解質含有液を、弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が収容されたイオン交換部に通液して非水電解液を得る酸吸着工程を有し、
前記弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂が、スチレン系樹脂を基体とし、弱塩基性陰イオン交換基として三級アミノ基を有するとともに、アルカリ金属塩電解質含有液処理前における総イオン交換容量が0.1~3.0eq/L-Rである
ことを特徴とする非水電解液の製造方法。 A method for producing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, comprising the steps of:
an acid adsorption step of passing an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing solution, in which an alkali metal salt electrolyte capable of being decomposed into a carbonate ester to generate an acid , through an ion exchange unit containing a weakly basic anion exchange resin to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte;
The weakly basic anion exchange resin has a styrene-based resin as a base, a tertiary amino group as a weakly basic anion exchange group, and a total ion exchange capacity before treatment with an alkali metal salt electrolyte-containing liquid of 0.1 to 3.0 eq/L-R.
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| CN201980064421.1A CN112889170A (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-09-27 | Apparatus for producing nonaqueous electrolyte solution and method for producing nonaqueous electrolyte solution |
| US17/287,829 US12243984B2 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-09-27 | Apparatus for producing non-aqueous electrolytic solution and method for producing non-aqueous electrolytic solution |
| KR1020217013123A KR102627186B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-09-27 | Non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing device and non-aqueous electrolyte manufacturing method |
| EP19877049.7A EP3872915A4 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-09-27 | Device for producing nonaqueous electrolytic solution and method of producing nonaqueous electrolytic solution |
| PCT/JP2019/038124 WO2020085001A1 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-09-27 | Device for producing nonaqueous electrolytic solution and method of producing nonaqueous electrolytic solution |
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| JPH11185810A (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-07-09 | Tonen Corp | Electrolyte for lithium battery and method for producing the same |
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