JP7573465B2 - Wooden beam frame construction - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wooden beam structural frame.

A wooden gate frame is known that has a pair of pillars and upper and lower cross members that are installed at a distance above and below the top of the pair of pillars (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Double beams that are arranged side by side with a horizontal gap are also known (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 and 3).

JP 2000-234407 A Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-133002 JP 2017-503942 A

Generally, the longer the span of a beam, the larger the required cross-sectional area of the beam.

However, compared to steel-framed or reinforced concrete beams, it can be difficult to increase the cross-sectional area of wooden beams and therefore difficult to lengthen the span.

Taking the above facts into consideration, the present invention aims to lengthen the span of wooden beams.

The wooden beam structural structure described in claim 1 comprises: first wooden beams in two tiers, one above the other, erected on a pair of first columns with a gap between them in the vertical direction; second wooden beams in two tiers, erected on a pair of second columns with a gap between them in the vertical direction to the sides of the first wooden beams in two tiers; and a small beam erected between the first wooden beams and the second wooden beams, which is disposed between the first wooden beams in the two tiers to connect the first wooden beams, and between the second wooden beams in the two tiers to connect the second wooden beams.

According to the wooden beam frame structure of claim 1, the two upper and lower first wooden beams are erected on a pair of first columns with a gap between them in the vertical direction. The two upper and lower second wooden beams are erected on a pair of second columns with a gap between them in the vertical direction to the sides of the two upper and lower first wooden beams. Sub-beams are erected between the two upper and lower first wooden beams and the two upper and lower second wooden beams.

Here, the small beam is placed between the two upper and lower first wooden beams to connect the first wooden beams. By connecting the two upper and lower first wooden beams with the small beam in this way, the load of the small beam is distributed and transmitted to the two upper and lower first wooden beams.

Therefore, for example, the span of the first wooden beams can be increased without increasing the cross-sectional area of the upper and lower first wooden beams.

Similarly, by connecting two upper and lower second wooden beams with a sub-beam, it is possible to lengthen the span of these second wooden beams without increasing the cross-sectional area of the upper and lower second wooden beams.

The wooden beam structural structure described in claim 2 is the wooden beam structural structure described in claim 1, and further includes a third wooden beam that is respectively installed on the first and second columns that face each other, and a floor that is disposed between the upper first wooden beam and the upper second wooden beam and is supported by the small beam and the third wooden beam.

According to the wooden beam frame structure of claim 2, the third wooden beam is erected on the first and second columns facing each other. The floor is placed between the upper first wooden beam and the upper second wooden beam, and is supported by the small beam and the third wooden beam. In other words, the floor is not directly supported by the upper first and second wooden beams, but is supported by the upper and lower first wooden beams and the upper and lower second wooden beams via the small beam, and is supported by the third wooden beam.

Here, when the floor is directly supported by the first and second wooden beams on the upper level, the floor load acting on the first and second wooden beams on the upper level is greater than the floor load acting on the first and second wooden beams on the lower level. Therefore, the required cross-sectional area of the first and second wooden beams on the upper level is greater than the required cross-sectional area of the first and second wooden beams on the lower level.

In contrast, in the present invention, as described above, the floor is not directly supported by the first and second wooden beams on the upper level, but is supported by the first wooden beams on the upper and lower levels and the second wooden beams on the upper and lower levels via the small beams. This allows the load of the floor to be distributed and transmitted to the first wooden beams on the upper and lower levels via the small beams, and also to the second wooden beams on the upper and lower levels.

This allows the required cross-sectional area of the upper first and second wooden beams to be reduced. This, for example, improves the transportability and liftability of the upper first and second wooden beams.

The floor is supported not only by the small beams, but also by the third wooden beams. This reduces the load acting on the floor via the small beams to the upper and lower first wooden beams and the upper and lower second wooden beams. This makes it possible to further reduce the required cross-sectional area of the upper and lower first wooden beams and the upper and lower second wooden beams.

The wooden beam structural structure described in claim 3 is the wooden beam structural structure described in claim 2, in which the third wooden beam has two rows of wooden beam members on the left and right that sandwich the first and second columns facing each other from both sides.

According to the wooden beam frame structure of claim 3, the third wooden beam has two rows of wooden beam members on the left and right that sandwich the opposing first and second columns from both sides. By supporting the floor with these two rows of wooden beam members, the required cross-sectional area of the two rows of wooden beam members on the left and right can be reduced while the span of the two rows on the left and right can be lengthened.

The wooden beam structural structure described in claim 4 is the wooden beam structural structure described in any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the first wooden beams in two levels, one above the other, have hinge parts arranged on both sides of the small beam in a plan view, and the second wooden beams in two levels, one above the other, have hinge parts arranged on both sides of the small beam in a plan view.

According to the wooden beam structural structure of claim 4, each of the first wooden beams in two levels, one above the other, has a hinge portion disposed on both sides of the minor beam in plan view. In other words, each of the first wooden beams in two levels, one above the other, is a Gerber beam. Similarly, each of the second wooden beams in two levels, one above the other, has a hinge portion disposed on both sides of the minor beam in plan view. In other words, each of the second wooden beams in two levels, one above the other, is a Gerber beam.

By using Gerber beams for the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams in this way, the stress and deflection of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams are reduced. Therefore, the required cross-sectional area of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams can be further reduced.

For example, by adjusting the bending rigidity of the first wooden beams in two levels (upper and lower levels) depending on the position of the hinge section, it is possible to change the proportion of the minor beam load borne by the first wooden beams in two levels. Similarly, by adjusting the bending rigidity of the second wooden beams in two levels (upper and lower levels) depending on the position of the hinge section, it is possible to change the proportion of the minor beam load borne by the second wooden beams in two levels. This improves the design freedom of the first wooden beams in two levels and the second wooden beams in two levels.

The wooden beam structural structure described in claim 5 is the wooden beam structural structure described in any one of claims 1 to 4, in which each of the pair of first columns has a pair of wooden column members that sandwich the first wooden beam from both sides in the beam width direction, and each of the pair of second columns has a pair of wooden column members that sandwich the second wooden beam from both sides in the beam width direction.

According to the wooden beam frame structure of claim 5, each of the pair of first columns has a pair of wooden column members that sandwich the first wooden beam from both sides in the beam width direction. This makes it possible to reduce the required cross-sectional area of the pair of wooden column members of each first column.

In addition, each of the pair of second columns has a pair of wooden column members that sandwich the second wooden beam from both sides in the beam width direction. This makes it possible to reduce the required cross-sectional area of the pair of wooden column members for each second column.

As explained above, the present invention makes it possible to lengthen the span of wooden beams.

1 is a plan view showing a structure to which a wooden beam frame structure according to one embodiment is applied. 2 is an elevational view showing the first frame shown in FIG. 1 and a model diagram of the first wooden beams in two upper and lower stages. FIG. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in Figure 2. 4 is a cross-sectional view of line 4-4 in FIG. 1 and a model diagram of a wooden beam member of a third wooden beam. This is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in Figure 1. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the joint between the upper and lower first wooden beams and the left and right two rows of wooden sub-beams shown in FIG. 2 . FIG. FIG. 3 is an elevational view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing three consecutive first frames, and a model drawing of two upper and lower first wooden beams. 3A to 3C are elevation views showing the construction process of the first frame shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the first pillar shown in FIG. 8(A).

Below, we will explain the structural structure of a wooden beam according to one embodiment, with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a structure 10 to which the wooden beam structural structure according to this embodiment is applied. Note that the arrow X direction and the arrow Y direction shown in each figure indicate two horizontal directions that are perpendicular to each other.

The structure 10 comprises a first frame 20A and a second frame 20B aligned along the direction of the arrow X, two third frames 50 arranged along the direction of the arrow Y and connecting the first frame 20A and the second frame 20B, two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right that are erected on the first frame 20A and the second frame 20B, and a wooden floor 70 supported by the third frame 50 and the two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right.

In FIG. 1, the outline of the wooden floor 70 is shown by a two-dot chain line. The wooden joist 60 is an example of a joist, and the wooden floor 70 is an example of a floor.

(First frame)
The first frame 20A has a pair of first columns 22A and two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A erected on the pair of first columns 22A. The pair of first columns 22A are arranged with a gap in the material axis direction (arrow X direction) of the first wooden beams 30A. Each of the first columns 22A is a double column having a pair of wooden column members 24.

The pair of wooden column members 24 are formed from wood materials such as lumber or laminated lumber. The pair of wooden column members 24 are formed in a rectangular column shape and are arranged with a gap between them in the beam width direction (arrow Y direction) of the first wooden beam 30A. Two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A are arranged between the pair of wooden column members 24.

The upper and lower first wooden beams 30A are made of wood materials such as lumber or laminated lumber. Each first wooden beam 30A is a through beam and passes through a pair of wooden column members 24. Each first wooden beam 30A is sandwiched between a pair of wooden column members 24 on both sides in the beam width direction (arrow Y direction). Each first wooden beam 30A and the pair of wooden column members 24 are joined (pin-jointed) by, for example, through bolts (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, the two upper and lower first wooden beams 30A are formed with a rectangular cross section and are spaced apart in the vertical direction (beam direction). Each first wooden beam 30A has joint beam members 32 supported by a pair of first columns 22A, and an intermediate beam member 34 connecting the joint beam members 32.

The joint beam member 32 is disposed between a pair of wooden pillar members 24. The joint beam member 32 protrudes on both sides from the pair of wooden pillar members 24, and its central portion in the material axis direction is supported (joined) to the pair of wooden pillar members 24.

The intermediate beam member 34 is disposed between the joint beam members 32 that are supported by a pair of first columns 22A. As shown in FIG. 3, the intermediate beam member 34 and the joint beam member 32 are disposed with their end faces butted against each other. Slits 36 are formed at the ends of the intermediate beam member 34 and the joint beam member 32. A joining plate 42 is inserted into the slits 36, spanning the intermediate beam member 34 and the joint beam member 32.

The joint plate 42 is formed from a steel plate or the like, and is arranged with its thickness direction aligned with the beam width direction (arrow Y direction) of the first wooden beam 30A. This joint plate 42 is joined (pin-jointed) to the intermediate beam member 34 and the joint beam member 32 by a plurality of drift pins 44. This makes the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A into Gelber beams. The joint between the joint beam member 32 and the intermediate beam member 34 is formed as a hinge portion 40.

The joining structure between the joint beam member 32 and the intermediate beam member 34 is not limited to the joining plate 42 and drift pin 44, and can be modified as appropriate.

(Second structure)
1, the second frame 20B is disposed to the side of the first frame 20A. In other words, the second frame 20B is disposed on one side of the first frame 20A in the beam width direction (arrow Y direction) of the first wooden beam 30A. This second frame 20B has a pair of second columns 22B and two upper and lower second wooden beams 30B erected on the pair of second columns 22B.

The pair of second columns 22B are arranged to the sides of the pair of first columns 22A. The pair of second columns 22B and the pair of first columns 22A face each other in the beam width direction of the first wooden beam 30A. Each second column 22B has a pair of wooden column members 24. Note that the second columns 22B have the same configuration as the first columns 22A, so a detailed description will be omitted.

The upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B are arranged to the side of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A. The upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B and the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A face each other in the beam width direction (arrow Y direction). The upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B have joint beam members 32 supported by a pair of second columns 22B, and an intermediate beam member 34 connecting the joint beam members 32. The upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B have the same configuration as the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A, so detailed explanations will be omitted as appropriate.

(Third structure)
The pair of third frames 50 are arranged along a direction (arrow Y direction) perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first frame 20A and the second frame 20B in a plan view. The pair of third frames 50 face each other in the material axis direction (arrow X direction) of the first wooden beam 30A.

The third structure 50 has a first column 22A and a second column 22B that face each other in the direction of the arrow X, and a third wooden beam 52 erected on the first column 22A and the second column 22B. The third structure 50 and the first structure 20A and the second structure 20B share the first column 22A and the second column 22B.

The third wooden beam 52 is a through beam. The third wooden beam 52 is a two-row beam having two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right. The two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right are made of wood material such as lumber or laminated lumber. The two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right are formed with a rectangular cross section. These wooden beam members 54 are spaced apart in the material axis direction (arrow X direction) of the first wooden beam 30A and are arranged approximately parallel to each other.

Two rows of wooden beam members 54 are arranged on both sides of the first column 22A and the second column 22B. The pair of wooden beam members 54 of the first column 22A and the second column 22B are sandwiched between the two rows of wooden beam members 54 from both sides in the material axis direction of the first wooden beam 30A. The two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right and the pair of wooden beam members 54 are joined by through bolts or the like (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 4, one end of each of the two rows of wooden beam members 54 is disposed between two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A, and is sandwiched by these first wooden beams 30A from both sides in the vertical direction (beam direction). The other end of each of the two rows of wooden beam members 54 is disposed between two upper and lower tiers of second wooden beams 30B, and is sandwiched by these second wooden beams 30B from both sides in the vertical direction (beam direction).

(Wooden beams)
As shown in Fig. 1, two rows of wooden girders 60 are installed on two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A and two upper and lower tiers of second wooden beams 30B. Each wooden girder 60 is made of wood material such as wood or laminated lumber. The two rows of wooden girders 60 are formed to have a rectangular cross section. These wooden girders 60 are arranged at intervals in the material axis direction of the first wooden beams 30A and the second wooden beams 30B, and are arranged approximately parallel to each other.

As shown in FIG. 5, one end of each of the two rows of wooden beams 60 is disposed between the upper and lower rows of first wooden beams 30A, connecting these first wooden beams 30A. The other end of each of the two rows of wooden beams 60 is disposed between the upper and lower rows of second wooden beams 30B, connecting these second wooden beams 30B.

The joint structure between the wooden beam 60 and the first wooden beam 30A is the same as the joint structure between the wooden beam 60 and the second wooden beam 30B. Therefore, the joint structure between the wooden beam 60 and the first wooden beam 30A will be described below, and the explanation of the joint structure between the wooden beam 60 and the second wooden beam 30B will be omitted as appropriate.

As shown in FIG. 6, one end of the two rows of wooden beams 60 is disposed between the intermediate beam members 34 of the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A. The two rows of wooden beams 60 and the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A are joined by tension bolts 62 and nuts 64.

Specifically, the upper and lower intermediate beam members 34 and the wooden beam 60 each have through holes 34H, 60H that penetrate in the vertical direction. Tension bolts 62 are inserted into these through holes 34H, 60H. In this state, by tightening nuts 64 on both ends of the tension bolts 62, the middle and lower intermediate beam members 34 and the wooden beam 60 are joined (pin-jointed) so that shear forces can be transmitted.

The joint structure of the upper and lower intermediate beam members 34 and the wooden beams 60 is not limited to tension bolts 62 and nuts 64, but may be, for example, a drift pin joint using a joint plate, similar to the hinge portion 40.

(floor)
As shown in Fig. 1, the wooden floor 70 is formed of a wooden surface material made of wood material such as lumber, laminated lumber, CLT, LVL, etc. The wooden floor 70 is formed in a rectangular shape in a plan view. The wooden floor 70 is disposed between a first wooden beam 30A on the upper level and a second wooden beam 30B on the upper level. The wooden floor 70 is disposed across one wooden beam member 54 of a pair of third wooden beams 52. For example, a double floor is formed on the wooden floor 70.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the upper surfaces (top ends) of the two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right and the upper surfaces (top ends) of the two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right of the third wooden beam 52 are positioned at the same height. A wooden floor 70 is placed (supported) on the upper surfaces of the two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right and on the upper surface of one of the wooden beam members 54 of each third wooden beam 52.

As shown in FIG. 5, a gap S is formed between the end face of the wooden floor 70 and the side face of the first wooden beam 30A on the upper level. Similarly, a gap S is formed between the end face of the wooden floor 70 and the side face of the second wooden beam 30B on the upper level.

As a result, the wooden floor 70 is structurally separated from the first wooden beam 30A and the second wooden beam 30B on the upper level. Therefore, the load of the wooden floor 70 is transmitted to the first wooden beams 30A on the upper and lower levels and the second wooden beams 30B on the upper and lower levels via the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the left and right.

(Method of adjusting bending moment of first wooden beam)
2, in this embodiment, the positions of the hinge parts 40 of the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A are adjusted so that the bending moments acting on the intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A from the two left and right rows of wooden girders 60 are the same or equivalent. The arrangement of the hinge parts 40 of the upper and lower two tiers of second wooden beams 30B is similar to the positions of the hinge parts 40 of the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A.

Specifically, in plan view, the hinge portion 40 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is positioned closer to the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the left and right than the hinge portion 40 of the lower first wooden beam 30A. As a result, the intermediate beam member 34 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is shorter than the intermediate beam member 34 of the lower first wooden beam 30A. In other words, the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam member 34 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is higher than the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam member 34 of the lower first wooden beam 30A.

In this way, by utilizing the difference in rigidity between the upper and lower intermediate beam members 34, the bending moment acting on the upper and lower intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A from the two rows of wooden sub-beams 60 on the left and right is adjusted to be the same or equivalent.

Here, we will discuss the bending moment acting on the intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A from the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the left and right.

Figure 2 shows a model diagram of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A. In this model diagram, the axial rigidity of the tension bolts 62 that connect the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A and the two left and right rows of wooden sub-beams 60 is evaluated, and the two left and right rows of wooden sub-beams 60 are modeled as springs K that connect the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A. In this embodiment, the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A are through beams. Therefore, in the model diagram, the support conditions of the ends of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A are modeled as fixed.

Based on the model diagram shown in Figure 2, the bending moment M _U acting on the intermediate beam member 34 of the first wooden beam 30A in the upper stage and the bending moment M _L acting on the intermediate beam member 34 of the first wooden beam 30A in the lower stage can be calculated from the following equations (1) and (2).

In the model diagram, P is the vertical load acting from the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the two upper and lower rows of wooden beams 60. The vertical load acting from the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the upper first wooden beam 30A is P _U , and the vertical load acting from the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the lower first wooden beam 30A is P _L (P = P _U + P _L ). Furthermore, dimensions a and c indicate the distance from the center of the first column 22 to the hinge portion 40, and dimensions b and d indicate the distance between the two hinge portions 40.

According to the above formulas (1) and (2), by adjusting the position of the hinge portion 40 so that the bending moments M _U and M _L are equal or comparable, the cross-sectional shapes and cross-sectional areas of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A can be made the same.

The degree of fixation of the first wooden beam 30A to the first column 22A may be adjusted so that the bending moments M _U and M _L are equal or comparable. The degree of fixation of the first wooden beam 30A to the first column 22A is adjusted, for example, by increasing or decreasing the number of through bolts connecting the first column 22A and the first wooden beam 30A.

The deflections δ _U and δ _U of the intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A can be calculated from the following formulas (3) and (4), and the relationship in formula (5) can be obtained from the following formulas (3) and (4). From this formula (5), it is also possible to appropriately adjust the burden ratios of the bending moments M _U and M _L borne by the intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A.

however,
_kU : Vertical spring constant calculated from the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam member of the first wooden beam at the upper level _kL : Vertical spring constant calculated from the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam member of the first wooden beam at the lower level E: Young's modulus of the intermediate beam member of the first wooden beam _IU : Area second moment of area of the intermediate beam member of the first wooden beam at the upper level _IL : Area second moment of area of the intermediate beam member of the first wooden beam at the lower level.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the positions of the hinge parts 40 of the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A are adjusted so that the bending moment acting on the intermediate beam member 34 of the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A from the two rows of wooden girders 60 on the left and right is the same or equivalent to the bending moment acting on one wooden beam member 54 of the third wooden beam 52 from the wooden floor 70.

Here, we will provide additional information regarding the bending moment acting on the center of one of the wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beam 52 in the material axis direction.

Figure 4 shows a model diagram of one of the two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right of the third wooden beam 52. In this model diagram, the support conditions of the end of the wooden beam member 54 are modeled as simple support (pin joint).

4, the bending moment _M1M acting from the wooden floor 70 to the center in the material axis direction of one wooden beam member 54 of the third wooden beam 52 is calculated from the following formula (6). Note that w in the model diagram is the uniformly distributed load acting from the wooden floor 70 to one wooden beam member 54 of the third wooden beam 52. Also, the dimension L is the support span of the wooden beam member 54 (third wooden beam 52) (the distance between the center of the first column 22A and the center of the second column 22B).

According to the above formulas (1), (2), and (6), by adjusting the positions of the hinge portions 40 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A so that the bending moments M _U , M _L , and M _M are equal or similar, the cross-sectional shapes and cross-sectional areas of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A and the wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beam 52 can be made the same.

When the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A are triple beams (continuous beams), the model diagram is as shown in Figure 7. For ease of explanation, in Figure 7, of the four first columns 22A, the first columns 22A at both the left and right ends are referred to as first columns 22AE. Also, of the three first frames 20A, the first wooden beams 30A of the first frames 20A on both the left and right sides are referred to as first wooden beams 30AE.

When the first wooden beams 30A, 30AE are triple beams, the first wooden beams 30AE are not continuous with the first columns 22AE at both the left and right ends. Therefore, if a hinge portion is provided on the first column 22AE side of the first wooden beam 30AE, the first wooden beam 30AE will become unstable. Therefore, no hinge portion is provided on the first column 22AE side of the first wooden beam 30AE. This makes it possible to stabilize the first wooden beam 30AE.

(Structure construction method)
Next, an example of a construction method for the structure 10 to which the wooden beam framework according to this embodiment is applied will be described.

Figure 8 (A) shows a pair of first pillars 22A in an erected state. The joint beam members 32 of the lower first wooden beams 30A are pre-joined to each of the first pillars 22A. Although not shown, a pair of second pillars 22B are also erected. The joint beam members 32 of the lower second wooden beams 30B are pre-joined to each of the second pillars 22B.

From this state, the first lower wooden beam 30A and the second lower wooden beam 30B are constructed first. Specifically, the intermediate beam member 34 of the first lower wooden beam 30A is lifted by a lifting machine (not shown) and placed between the left and right joint beam members 32 as shown in Figure 8 (B). The intermediate beam member 34 and the joint beam member 32 are then joined via a joining plate 42 (see Figure 3). The second lower wooden beam 30B is also constructed in the same manner as the first lower wooden beam 30A.

Next, a third wooden beam 52 is erected on the opposing first and second columns 22A and 22B. Specifically, two rows of wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beam 52 are placed on either side of the pair of wooden column members 24 of the first column 22A, and placed on the lower first wooden beam 30A. In this state, the pair of wooden column members 24 are joined to the two rows of wooden beam members 54. Similarly, the pair of wooden column members 24 of the second column 22B are joined to the two rows of wooden beam members 54.

Next, two rows of wooden joists 60 (left and right) and a wooden floor 70 are constructed. Specifically, two rows of wooden joists 60 (left and right) are already joined to the underside of the wooden floor 70. The wooden floor 70 is lifted by a lifting machine (not shown), and one end of each of the two rows of wooden joists 60 (left and right) is placed on the intermediate beam member 34 of the first wooden beam 30A on the lower level, as shown in FIG. 8(C), and the other end of each of the two rows of wooden joists 60 (left and right) is placed on the intermediate beam member 34 of the second wooden beam 30B on the lower level (see FIG. 4).

The left and right ends of the wooden floor 70 are placed on one of the wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beams 52 on the left and right sides. In this state, the left and right ends of the wooden floor 70 are joined to one of the wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beams 52 on the left and right sides, respectively.

Next, the upper first wooden beam 30A and the upper second wooden beam 30B are constructed. Specifically, the joint beam member 32 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is inserted between the pair of wooden column members 24 of the first column 22A, and these wooden column members 24 and the joint beam members 32 are joined together.

Next, the intermediate beam member 34 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is lifted by a lifting machine (not shown) and placed between the joint beam members 32. The intermediate beam member 34 and the joint beam member 32 are then joined via a joining plate 42 (see FIG. 3).

Next, the intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A are joined to the two rows of wooden sub-beams 60 on the left and right sides with tension bolts 62 and nuts 64 (see Figure 6). The upper second wooden beam 30B is also constructed in the same manner. This completes the construction of the structure 10 (see Figure 1).

In this way, in this embodiment, two rows of wooden joists 60 are pre-joined on the underside of the wooden floor 70 to form a unit, improving workability.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the first pillar 22A for two stories is one section (one section, two stories). The joint beam members 32 of the first wooden beams 30A for two stories, one above the other, are pre-joined to this first pillar 22A.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right of the third wooden beam 52 are Gerber beams, similar to the first wooden beam 30A. In other words, the wooden beam members 54 have a joint beam member 56 and an intermediate beam member (not shown). And the joint beam members 32, 56 of the third wooden beam 52 for two stories are pre-joined to the first column 22A.

In this way, by joining the joint beam members 32, 56 to the first column 22A in advance and forming them into a unit, workability can be further improved.

(Action)
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

The two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A are installed vertically at a distance from each other on a pair of first pillars 22A. The two upper and lower tiers of second wooden beams 30B are installed vertically at a distance from each other on a pair of second pillars 22B to the sides of the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A. Two rows of small wooden beams 60 are installed on the left and right between the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A and the two upper and lower tiers of second wooden beams 30B.

As shown in FIG. 2, two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right are placed between the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A to connect the first wooden beams 30A. By connecting the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A with two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right in this way, the load P of the two rows of wooden joists 60 on the left and right is distributed and transmitted to the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A.

Therefore, the span of the first wooden beams 30A can be increased without increasing the cross-sectional area of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A.

Similarly, by connecting the upper and lower two tiers of second wooden beams 30B with two rows of wooden girders 60 on the left and right, the span of these second wooden beams 30B can be lengthened without increasing the cross-sectional area of the upper and lower two tiers of second wooden beams 30B.

The wooden floor 70 is placed between the upper first wooden beam 30A and the upper second wooden beam 30B, and is supported by two rows of small wooden beams 60 on the left and right, and one wooden beam member 54 of the third wooden beam 52. In other words, the wooden floor 70 is not directly supported by the upper first wooden beam 30A and the upper second wooden beam 30B, but is supported by the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower second wooden beams 30B via the upper and lower two rows of small wooden beams 60, and is also supported by one wooden beam member 54 of the third wooden beam 52.

Here, when the wooden floor 70 is directly supported by the first wooden beam 30A on the upper level, the load of the wooden floor 70 acting on the first wooden beam 30A on the upper level is greater than the load of the wooden floor 70 acting on the first wooden beam 30A on the lower level. Therefore, the required cross-sectional area of the first wooden beam 30A on the upper level is greater than the required cross-sectional area of the first wooden beam 30A on the lower level.

In contrast, in this embodiment, as described above, the wooden floor 70 is not directly supported by the upper first wooden beams 30A, but is supported by the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A via two rows of wooden small beams 60 on the left and right. This allows the load P of the wooden floor 70 to be distributed and transmitted to the upper and lower two tiers of first wooden beams 30A via the two rows of wooden small beams 60 on the left and right.

This allows the required cross-sectional area of the upper first wooden beam 30A to be reduced. This, for example, improves the transportability and liftability of the upper first wooden beam 30A.

Similarly, the wooden floor 70 is not directly supported by the upper second wooden beams 30B, but is supported by the upper and lower two tiers of second wooden beams 30B via two rows of small wooden beams 60 on the left and right. This makes it possible to reduce the required cross-sectional area of the upper second wooden beams 30B. This, for example, improves the transportability and liftability of the upper second wooden beams 30B.

The wooden floor 70 is supported not only by the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the left and right, but also by the third wooden beam 52. This reduces the load of the wooden floor 70 acting on the upper and lower two levels of first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower two levels of second wooden beams 30B via the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the left and right. This makes it possible to further reduce the required cross-sectional area of the upper and lower two levels of first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower two levels of second wooden beams 30B.

The third wooden beam 52 further has two rows of wooden beam members 54 that sandwich the opposing first and second columns 22A and 22B from both sides. By supporting the wooden floor 70 with these two rows of wooden beam members 54, the required cross-sectional area of the two rows of wooden beam members 54 can be reduced while the span of the two rows of wooden beam members 54 can be lengthened.

In addition, each of the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A has a hinge portion 40 arranged on both sides of the two left and right rows of wooden beams 60 in a plan view. In other words, each of the two upper and lower tiers of first wooden beams 30A is a Gerber beam. Similarly, each of the two upper and lower tiers of second wooden beams 30B has a hinge portion 40 arranged on both sides of the two left and right rows of wooden beams 60 in a plan view. In other words, each of the two upper and lower tiers of second wooden beams 30B is a Gerber beam.

By using Gelber beams for the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B in this way, the stress and deflection of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B are reduced. Therefore, the required cross-sectional area of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B can be further reduced.

For example, by adjusting the bending stiffness of the intermediate beam members 34 in the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A depending on the position of the hinge section 40, it is possible to change the proportion of the load P of the wooden beams 60 (see FIG. 2) borne by the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A. Similarly, by adjusting the bending stiffness of the intermediate beam members 34 in the upper and lower second wooden beams 30B depending on the position of the hinge section 40, it is possible to change the proportion of the load P of the wooden beams 60 borne by the upper and lower second wooden beams 30B.

This improves the design freedom of the upper and lower two-tiered first wooden beams 30A and the upper and lower two-tiered second wooden beams 30B.

In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shapes and cross-sectional areas of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A are the same. Furthermore, the hinge portion 40 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is positioned closer to the wooden beam 60 side than the hinge portion 40 of the lower first wooden beam 30A in a plan view.

As a result, the intermediate beam member 34 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is shorter than the intermediate beam member 34 of the lower first wooden beam 30A. In other words, the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam member 34 of the upper first wooden beam 30A is higher than the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam member 34 of the lower first wooden beam 30A. The intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams are connected to each other by two rows of small wooden beams 60 on the left and right.

Here, when the bending rigidity of the intermediate beam members 34 of the upper and lower first wooden beams 30A is the same, the load P _L of the wooden small beam 60 acting on the lower intermediate beam member 34 is larger than that of the upper intermediate beam member 34. Therefore, the required cross-sectional area of the lower intermediate beam member 34 is larger than that of the upper intermediate beam member 34.

In contrast, in this embodiment, as described above, the bending rigidity of the upper intermediate beam member 34 is higher than the bending rigidity of the lower intermediate beam member 34. This makes it possible to reduce or eliminate the difference between the load P _U of the wooden beam 60 acting on the upper intermediate beam member 34 and the load P _L of the wooden beam 60 acting on the lower intermediate beam member 34.

Therefore, the required cross-sectional area of the first wooden beams 30A on the upper and lower levels can be made the same. Similarly, the required cross-sectional area of the second wooden beams 30B on the upper and lower levels can be made the same.

Furthermore, by making the bending moments M _U , M _L (see equations (1) and (2)) acting on the intermediate beam members 34 of the first wooden beams 30A in two upper and lower rows and the intermediate beam members 34 of the second wooden beams 30B in two upper and lower rows identical or equivalent to the bending moment M _M (see equation (6)) acting on one of the wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beam 52, the required cross-sectional areas of the first wooden beams 30A in two upper and lower rows, the second wooden beams 30B in two upper and lower rows, and the two left and right rows of wooden beam members 54 of the third wooden beam 52 can be made the same.

In addition, each of the pair of first columns 22A has a pair of wooden column members 24 that sandwich the first wooden beam 30A from both sides in the beam width direction. This makes it possible to reduce the required cross-sectional area of the pair of wooden column members 24.

Similarly, each of the pair of second columns 22B has a pair of wooden column members 24 that sandwich the second wooden beam 30B from both sides in the beam width direction. This makes it possible to reduce the required cross-sectional area of the pair of wooden column members 24.

In this way, in this embodiment, the required cross-sectional areas of the first column 22A, the second column 22B, the first wooden beam 30A, the second wooden beam 30B, and the third wooden beam 52 can be reduced. This improves the ease of construction of the first frame 20A, the second frame 20B, and the third frame 50.

(Modification)
Next, a modification of the above embodiment will be described.

In the above embodiment, in plan view, the hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A in the upper tier is positioned closer to the wooden beam 60 than the hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A in the lower tier. However, in plan view, the hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A in the upper tier may be positioned in the same position as the hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A in the lower tier. Also, in plan view, the hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A in the lower tier may be positioned closer to the two rows of wooden beams 60 on the left and right than the hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A in the upper tier. The same applies to the second wooden beam 30B.

The hinge portion 40 of the first wooden beam 30A can be omitted as appropriate. In other words, the first wooden beam 30A is not limited to a Gerber beam. The same applies to the second wooden beam 30B.

In addition, in the above embodiment, there are two wooden beams 60. However, at least one wooden beam 60 is sufficient. In addition, the beams in the above embodiment are not limited to being made of wood, and may be made of steel frame or reinforced concrete, etc.

In the above embodiment, the third wooden beam 52 is composed of two rows of wooden beam members 54 on the left and right. However, the third wooden beam 52 can be composed of at least one wooden beam member. Furthermore, the beams of the third frame 50 are not limited to being made of wood, but may be made of steel frame or reinforced concrete, etc.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the first pillar 22A and the second pillar 22B are formed from a pair of wooden pillar members 24. However, the first pillar 22A and the second pillar 22B can be formed from at least one wooden pillar member.

The floor in the above embodiment is a wooden floor 70. However, the floor is not limited to being made of wood and may be made of concrete or the like. Also, various flooring materials such as ALC can be used for the floor.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and one embodiment and various modified examples may be used in appropriate combination, and the present invention may of course be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

22A First column 22B Second column 24 Wooden column member 30A First wooden beam 30B Second wooden beam 40 Hinge portion 52 Third wooden beam 54 Wooden beam member 60 Wooden beam (small beam)
70 Wooden floor (floor)

Claims (5)

A pair of first columns is provided with two first wooden beams, one above the other, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction;
A pair of second wooden beams are installed on the sides of the first wooden beams, and are spaced apart in the vertical direction on a pair of second columns.
A small beam is installed between the first wooden beam and the second wooden beam, the small beam being disposed between the first wooden beams in two upper and lower stages to connect the first wooden beams, and between the second wooden beams in two upper and lower stages to connect the second wooden beams;
A wooden beam frame structure equipped with a third wooden beam installed on each of the first pillar and the second pillar facing each other;
A floor is disposed between the first wooden beam in the upper stage and the second wooden beam in the upper stage and is supported by the small beam and the third wooden beam;
The wooden beam frame structure according to claim 1 . The third wooden beam has two rows of wooden beam members on the left and right that sandwich the first pillar and the second pillar facing each other from both sides.
A wooden beam frame structure according to claim 2. Each of the first wooden beams in the upper and lower two stages has a hinge portion arranged on both sides of the small beam in a plan view,
Each of the upper and lower second wooden beams has a hinge portion arranged on both sides of the small beam in a plan view.
A wooden beam frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Each of the pair of first columns has a pair of wooden column members that sandwich the first wooden beam from both sides in the beam width direction,
Each of the pair of second columns has a pair of wooden column members that sandwich the second wooden beam from both sides in the beam width direction.
A wooden beam frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.