JP7576008B2 - Linear object removal device, linear object removal method, and electronic/electrical device part waste disposal method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a linear object removal device, a linear object removal method, and a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts, and in particular to a linear object removal device, a linear object removal method, and a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts that are suitable for use in the recycling of used electronic and electrical equipment.

Apparatuses are known for selectively removing specific foreign objects, such as linear objects, from among the objects to be sorted. JP 2015-150505 A (Patent Document 1) describes an example of a sorting device that selects the desired objects to be sorted from a long mixed material by sorting with a vibrating screen and sorting with an airflow.

In addition, in recent years, from the perspective of resource conservation, recovery of valuable metals from scrapped electrical and electronic equipment parts such as discarded home appliances, PCs, and mobile phones has become increasingly common, and efficient methods for recovering such metals are being investigated. JP 2015-123418 A (Patent Document 2) describes a method in which copper-containing electrical and electronic part scraps are incinerated, then crushed to a predetermined size or smaller, and the crushed electrical and electronic part scraps are treated in a copper smelting furnace.

However, the method described in Patent Document 1 only discloses a sorting device for sorting long linear and long dispersible sorting objects, and does not sort objects that contain foreign objects of shapes other than long objects, such as plate-shaped, columnar, or cylindrical objects.

As described in Patent Document 2, when electronic and electrical equipment scrap parts after incineration are treated in a smelting furnace, the presence of smelting inhibitors such as aluminum, antimony, iron, and nickel in the electronic and electrical equipment scrap parts may reduce the processing efficiency of the smelting furnace. In order to prevent smelting inhibitors from being input into the smelting furnace, it is desirable to carry out processing in advance to reduce the amount of smelting inhibitors in the electronic and electrical equipment scrap parts input into the smelting furnace as much as possible.

In recent years, the separation and processing of individual parts from electronic and electrical equipment scraps has also been considered, but it is currently difficult to selectively separate and recover the desired individual parts from the wide variety and shape of part scraps, and various issues remain. In particular, electronic and electrical equipment scraps contain linear objects such as coated wires and copper wires (hereinafter referred to as "linear objects" or "wire scraps"). When selecting the desired individual parts from the wide variety and shape of part scraps, linear objects tend to become entangled with other parts and equipment, which may lead to poor separation accuracy and equipment problems. Furthermore, coated wires contain Sb, a smelting inhibitor, in the coating, and the inclusion of coated wires in a smelting furnace may affect the operation of the furnace.

As a result of extensive research, the inventors have proposed a linear object removal device, such as that described in International Publication No. 2019/151350, as a sorting device capable of efficiently sorting linear objects from objects to be sorted, which include plate-shaped objects and various foreign objects of shapes other than long objects.

JP 2015-150505 A JP 2015-123418 A International Publication No. 2019/151350

However, when a sorting device such as that described in Patent Document 3 was used to continuously separate linear and plate-shaped objects, it was found that over long periods of use, stress was concentrated at the fixed points of the sifter's filter, causing damage such as cracks.

In view of the above problems, the present disclosure provides a durable linear object removal device, a linear object removal method, and a method for disposing of electronic and electrical device part scraps.

In order to solve the above problems, the linear object removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention is a linear object removal device that includes, on one side, a plurality of rods that extend along the supply direction of the raw material with a certain gap therebetween and sift out linear objects contained in the raw material through the gaps, a beam portion that supports the plurality of rods at one end, a plurality of resin filters that are arranged adjacent to each other so as to overlap along the supply direction, and a metal reinforcing jig that is provided on each filter and includes a first reinforcing portion that covers the bottom surface and rear side surface of the beam portion and a second reinforcing portion that protrudes from the bottom surface of the first reinforcing portion and extends along the longitudinal direction of the beam portion.

In another aspect, a linear object removal method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a linear object removal method that includes arranging a plurality of filter sections adjacent to each other so as to overlap along the supply direction, the filter sections being provided with a plurality of resin rods that extend along the supply direction of the raw material with a certain gap therebetween and sieve out linear objects contained in the raw material through the gaps, a resin beam section that supports the rods at one end, and a metal reinforcing jig that includes a first reinforcing section that covers the bottom and rear side of the beam section and a second reinforcing section that protrudes from the bottom of the first reinforcing section and extends along the longitudinal direction of the beam section, and vibrating the filter sections to sieve out linear objects supplied onto the filter sections through the gaps and separate them.

In one aspect, a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts according to an embodiment of the present invention is a method for processing scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts, which includes arranging a plurality of filter sections adjacent to each other so as to overlap along the supply direction, the filter sections being provided with vibrations to sift out the scrap wires supplied onto the filter sections through the gaps, the filter sections being provided with a plurality of resin rods extending with a certain gap therebetween and sieving out the scrap wires through the gaps, a resin beam section supporting the rods at one end, and a metal reinforcing jig having a first reinforcing section covering the bottom and rear side of the beam section and a second reinforcing section protruding from the bottom of the first reinforcing section and extending along the longitudinal direction of the beam section, and the filter sections being provided with vibrations to sift out the scrap wires supplied onto the filter sections through the gaps and sort them.

The present disclosure provides a durable linear object removal device, a linear object removal method, and a method for disposing of electronic and electrical equipment component scraps.

1 is a partial side view illustrating an example of a linear object removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a partial top view illustrating an example of a linear object removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial side view illustrating an example of a filter as viewed from the downstream side in the raw material supply direction. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the spacing and radius of multiple rods. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional linear object removing device. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a linear object removing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams showing the arrangement of pressing members in an embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 7(a) is an explanatory diagram of a removal device viewed from the downstream side to the upstream side in the raw material supply direction, and FIG. 7(b) is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a linear object removal device viewed from the side.

The following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is an example of an apparatus and method for embodying the technical concept of the present invention, and the technical concept of the present invention does not limit the structure, arrangement, etc. of the components to those described below.

(Linear object removal device)
As shown in Figure 1, a linear object removal device (filter section 30) according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of rods 2 extending in the supply direction of the raw material, and a beam section 21 supporting the plurality of rods 2 at one end 2a of the rods 2, a plurality of filters 3 arranged adjacent to each other so as to overlap partially along the supply direction of the raw material, and a metal reinforcing jig 7 provided on each of the filters 3.

The raw material is not particularly limited as long as it contains at least a linear object and a plate-like object. The linear object is not limited to the following, but may be any linear member having a short diameter and a long diameter. For example, examples of linear objects include various wiring such as electric wires, cables, and conductors. The plate-like object is not particularly limited as long as it is a plate-like member having a specified surface area and thickness. For example, examples of plate-like objects include substrates, plastic plates, and metal plates.

Typically, the plate-like material has a surface area of ¹ cm2 or more and a thickness of 2 mm or more. The linear material is not limited to the following, but may have a minor axis of 5 mm or less, more typically 1 mm or less and 0.1 mm or more, and a major axis of about 1 to 10 cm, or even about 1 to 5 cm. The raw material may contain three-dimensional objects other than linear and plate-like objects, such as cylindrical, columnar, rectangular, and irregularly shaped objects.

The multiple filters 3 are placed in a vibrating sieve (not shown). As the vibrating sieve, any commercially available device capable of housing multiple filters 3 inside may be used, or a dedicated device for housing filters 3 may be used. As shown in FIG. 2, the multiple rods 2 extend in the raw material supply direction with a certain gap y along the raw material supply direction, and the size of the gap y is adjusted so that linear objects contained in the raw material can be sieved out through the gap y.

The beam portion 21 has a longitudinal direction in a direction intersecting with the supply direction of the raw material, and typically has a hollow box shape. As shown in FIG. 1, the beam portion 21 is configured such that one end 2a of the multiple rods 2 is fixed by being partially inserted into the beam portion 21, so that the multiple rods 2 are supported by one end 2a of the multiple rods 2. One end 2a of the multiple rods 2 is a fixed end fixed to the beam portion 21, and the other end 2b of the multiple rods 2 is a free end that is not connected to another member.

The multiple filters 3 are preferably arranged at an incline so that the height downstream in the feed direction of the raw material is higher than the height upstream in the feed direction of the raw material. If the multiple filters 3 are arranged horizontally, the overall length of the filters 3 will be long, and the device may become large. On the other hand, by arranging the multiple filters 3 at an incline, the transport distance required to improve the sorting efficiency of linear objects can be secured, and the sorting efficiency between linear objects and plate-like objects can be further improved.

If the inclination angle of the filter 3 is too large, the raw materials may hit the upper motor (not shown) located above the vibrating sieve that houses the filter 3, or may overflow from the filter 3 and cause the raw materials to fall. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the multiple filters 3 so that the inclination angle θ of the filters 3 relative to the horizontal plane α is greater than 0° and less than 45°, more preferably greater than 0° and less than 30°, and even more preferably greater than 0° and less than 15°.

The inclination angle θ of the multiple filters 3 relative to the horizontal plane α indicates the angle between the horizontal plane α and the upper surfaces of the multiple filters 3, which serve as the conveying surfaces, as shown in FIG. 1. The inclination angle θ of the filters 3 does not have to be the same angle for all of them, and it is also possible to change each of the filters 3 to an appropriate angle depending on their placement positions. For example, it is possible to gradually decrease or increase the inclination angle toward the feed direction of the raw material.

As shown in FIG. 2, the beam portion 21 extends substantially perpendicular to the rods 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the beam portion 21 includes an upper surface 21a, a bottom surface 21b opposite the upper surface 21a, a rear side surface 21c connected to the upper surface 21a and the bottom surface 21b and located upstream in the raw material supply direction, and a front side surface 21d connected to the upper surface 21a and the bottom surface 21b and located downstream in the raw material supply direction. The front side surface 21d is formed with a plurality of holes (not shown) for inserting the rods 2, and one end 2a of the rods 2 is inserted and fixed into each of the holes.

In this way, the fixing between the rods 2 and the beam 21 is strengthened by inserting a part of the rods 2 into the beam 21. As a result, even if the filter 3 has a cantilever shape in which the beam 21 is at one end 2a of the rods 2 and the other end 2b is a free end, it is possible to stably sort and process materials with a relatively large specific gravity such as electronic and electrical equipment scraps. Also, as shown in FIG. 5, if a connection part 200 for fixing the rods 2 to each other is provided at one end side and the other end side of the rods 2, a linear object may get caught on the connection part 200. However, by adopting a cantilever shape in which the beam 21 is at one end 2a of the rods 2 and the other end 2b is a free end, the catching of the linear object is suppressed. Note that, as shown in FIG. 3, an insertion hole 28 for inserting a fastening member for fixing the filter 3 to the vibrating sieve may be provided at the longitudinal end of the beam 21.

The rods 2 and beams 21 that make up the filter 3 are preferably made of a material with relatively high mechanical strength to prevent damage caused by the supply of raw materials. On the other hand, even if the material of the filter 3 has high mechanical strength, if it is too heavy, damage such as cracks may occur in the stress concentration areas of the filter 3 after long-term use. In this embodiment, a resin material is used for the rods 2 and beams 21 that make up the filter 3. This allows the filter 3 to be made lighter, thereby preventing damage to the filter 3 after long-term use.

Specific examples of resin materials can be appropriately selected depending on the weight of the raw material to be processed. Taking into consideration mechanical properties such as bending strength, total weight, abrasion resistance, and impact strength, as well as availability, it is preferable that the filter 3 be made of at least one of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, ABS resin, and polyacetal resin, and it is particularly preferable that the filter 3 be made of polyacetal resin.

When considering materials that could be made lighter, an evaluation was conducted based on the bending stress safety factor and the amount of deflection. The bending stress safety factor was calculated when the inertial force applied during vibration was applied as a static load to the beam portion 21, and was compared and evaluated with the existing stainless steel (SUS304) sieve screen. By changing the material of the sieve screen from stainless steel to, for example, polyacetal resin, a type of resin, the weight of the filter 3 could be reduced to approximately one-quarter, and the bending stress safety factor improved by approximately two times.

On the other hand, the amount of deflection is 0.31 cm when the current stainless steel filter 3 is used, whereas if polyacetal resin is used as the material for the filter 3 to reduce weight, the amount of deflection increases to 4.04 cm. Therefore, if polyacetal resin is simply used as the material for the filter 3, the raw material may flow unevenly to both sides of the filter 3.

In this embodiment, by providing a filter section 30 in which a resin filter 3 is combined with a metal reinforcing jig 7, the deflection amount of the rod 2 of the filter 3 can be reduced to the same level as the reinforcing jig 7. From the viewpoint of mechanical properties such as bending strength and total weight, it is particularly preferable to form the reinforcing jig 7 from metals, particularly stainless steel, iron, etc. For example, since the deflection amount of the stainless steel reinforcing jig 7 is about 0.06 cm, by combining the stainless steel reinforcing jig 7 with the resin filter 3, the deflection amount of the entire filter 3 can be reduced compared to when it is made entirely from resin. In this way, by reinforcing the resin filter 3 with the metal reinforcing jig 7, the stress applied to the filter 3 can be received by the reinforcing jig 7, and thus a linear object removal device with long-term durability can be provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the reinforcing jig 7 can include a first reinforcing part 71 that covers the bottom surface 21b and rear side surface 21c of the beam part 21, a second reinforcing part 72 that protrudes downward from the bottom surface of the first reinforcing part 71, and an angle adjustment plate 73 that is disposed between the first reinforcing part 71 and the second reinforcing part 72. In order to reduce the total weight, the angle adjustment plate 73 may be disposed only below the first reinforcing part 71 around the fixing point of the filter 3.

The first reinforcing portion 71 may have any shape as long as it can cover at least the bottom surface 21b and the rear side surface 21c of the beam portion 21. Typically, an L-shaped angle or the like can be used that has a bottom reinforcing portion 71a that reinforces the bottom surface 21b of the beam portion 21 and a rear side reinforcing portion 71b that reinforces the rear side surface 21c of the beam portion 21. If the plate thickness of the first reinforcing portion 71 is too thin, the strength decreases, and if it is too thick, the total weight increases. Therefore, it is preferable that the plate thickness is 2 mm or more, typically 2 to 5 mm, and further 2 to 3 mm. The beam portion 21 and the first reinforcing portion 71 can be fixed with fastening members 76a, 76b such as screw parts, but the fixing method is not limited to the example shown in the figure.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second reinforcing part 72 extends in a direction intersecting with the rod 2, i.e., along the longitudinal direction of the beam part 21, so as to support the beam part 21 below the beam part 21. As shown in FIG. 1, a tapered angle adjustment plate 73 that gradually increases in thickness along the raw material supply direction is arranged between the bottom surface of the first reinforcing part 71 and the second reinforcing part 72. The angle adjustment plate 73 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first reinforcing part 71 so that the height on the downstream side in the raw material supply direction is higher than the height on the upstream side in the raw material supply direction, and its thickness is adjusted so that the inclination angle θ of the filter 3 is an appropriate angle. If the thickness of the second reinforcing part 72 is too thin, the strength decreases, and if it is too thick, the total weight increases. Therefore, the thickness is set to 3 mm or more, typically 3 to 5 mm, and the vertical length (up and down direction of the paper surface in FIG. 3) can be set to 30 mm or more, more typically 40 to 50 mm.

The reinforcing jig 7 preferably further includes a rib 74 that reinforces at least one of the front side surface 72a or the rear side surface 72b of the second reinforcing portion 72. As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of ribs 74 at regular intervals along the extension direction of the second reinforcing portion 72. By providing the rib 74, the reinforcing jig 7 can further obtain a reinforcing effect.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rib 74 is provided on the front side surface 72a of the second reinforcing part 72, and includes a front rib 74a for reinforcing the area between the front side surface 72a of the second reinforcing part 72 and the bottom surface of the angle adjustment plate 73, and a rear rib 74b for reinforcing the area between the rear side surface 72b of the second reinforcing part 72 and the bottom surface of the angle adjustment plate 73. Here, it is preferable that the connection position of the second reinforcing part 72 to the bottom surface of the angle adjustment plate 73 is adjusted so that the width w1 of the rear rib 74b along the horizontal direction is larger than the width w2 of the front rib 74a. This allows the second reinforcing part 72 to be further reinforced, and a more appropriate reinforcing effect can be obtained while preventing damage to the filter 3 tilted at the tilt angle θ.

The reinforcing jig 7 preferably further includes a stress dispersion part 75 provided at least at the connection part between the rib 74 and the second reinforcing part 72. The stress dispersion part 75 is provided at least at the connection part between the rib 74 (front rib 74a, rear rib 74b) and the front side surface 72a or the rear side surface 72b of the second reinforcing part 72, and is curved so as to be convex. By providing the stress dispersion part 75, the stress applied to the rib 74 and the second reinforcing part 72 can be dispersed, so that the reinforcing jig 7 having durability suitable for long-term use can be obtained. The stress dispersion part 75 can also be provided at the connection part between the rib 74 (front rib 74a, rear rib 74b), the second reinforcing part 72, and the angle adjustment plate 73.

As shown in FIG. 3, it is further preferable that the second reinforcement portion 72 has a second stress dispersion portion 77 formed of a notch at both ends in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the beam portion 21 to disperse stress applied to the second reinforcement portion 72. The second stress dispersion portion 77 is formed to have a smooth curved R shape from bottom to top. The second stress dispersion portion 77 can suppress breakage of the second reinforcement portion 72 due to long-term use.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the filters 3 are arranged adjacent to each other in the raw material supply direction, it is preferable to arrange them so that the upper surface 21a of the beam portion 21 of one filter 3 is located directly below the free ends at the other ends 2b of the multiple rods 2 of another filter 3 that is arranged adjacent to the first filter 3 on the upstream side of the raw material supply direction.

When the filters 3 are arranged as shown in FIG. 1, when raw material is transported from filter 3 1 to another filter 3, plate-like objects such as substrate scraps may stand up at the boundary between filters 3 and fall through the filter. However, by arranging the top surface 21a of the other filter 3 so that it overlaps directly below the free end side of the other end 2b of the multiple rods 2 of filter 3 1, the phenomenon of plate-like objects accidentally falling through the filter at the boundary between filters 3 and 3 can be prevented.

In addition, when raw materials are transported from one filter 3 to another filter 3, the raw materials do not fall directly onto the multiple rods 2, but instead fall onto the upper surface 21a first, which reduces damage to the multiple rods 2 and allows the sorting device to be operated for a longer period of time without the need to replace parts.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, a fall prevention device 22 can be provided on one end 2a of the rod 2, which extends in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the multiple rods 2 and extends from one end 2a of the rod 2 in a substantially vertical direction upward. The fall prevention device 22 can be arranged in the space between the other end 2b of the rod 2 and one end 2a of another rod 2 arranged below the other end 2b of the rod 2. The fall prevention device 22 prevents the raw material falling from the other end 2b of the rod 2 to the upper surface 21a of the beam portion 21 from accidentally falling to the undersieve side. In particular, when the distance between the one end 2a and the other end 2b of the rod 2 is long, the fall prevention device 22 can prevent the raw material that should not be separated to the undersieve side from falling to the undersieve side by providing the fall prevention device 22. Note that, in the example of FIG. 1, an example is shown in which the fall prevention device extends in a substantially vertical direction from the upper surface 21a of the beam portion 21, but it is of course possible for the fall prevention device 22 to be slightly inclined toward the upstream or downstream side of the supply direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the surfaces of the rods 2 are formed with a curved surface R in order to sift the scraps to the underside of the sieve. Because the scraps have a linear shape, if the surfaces of the rods 2 are angular, the scraps may get caught on the rods 2 and float up as they move along the feed direction of the raw material, and may not be successfully sieved to the underside of the sieve.

By providing the surfaces of the multiple rods 2 with a curved surface R, the contact between the scrap wire and the rods 2 can be made smoother, and the efficiency of screening the scrap wire can be improved. The surfaces of the multiple rods 2 may be subjected to a surface treatment to facilitate contact with the scrap wire.

Here, it is preferable that the interval between the rods 2 and the diameter of the rods 2 are adjusted based on the size of the plate-like objects X, such as circuit boards, contained in the electronic and electrical device part scraps. Specifically, for example, as shown in Fig. 4, if the average size (diameter) of the plate-like objects X contained in the electronic and electrical device part scraps fed onto the filter is X mm, the distance between the rods is y, and the rod radius is r, it is preferable that the interval y between the rods 2 and the radius r are adjusted so as to satisfy the relationship ^r2 + (y + 2r) ² = (x + r) ² .

For example, it is preferable that the spacing between the multiple rods 2 is adjusted to be 1.2 to 6 times the representative diameter of the linear objects and narrower than the minimum short diameter of the plate-like objects. Here, the "representative diameter" of the linear objects is calculated by randomly selecting 10 points of linear objects in the raw material and calculating the average diameter of the long diameter side of the 10 points. This is repeated five times, and the average of the five values is taken as the "representative diameter." Similarly, the minimum short diameter of the plate-like objects means the average value obtained by randomly selecting 10 points of plate-like objects in the raw material and calculating the average diameter of the short diameter side of the 10 points, and repeating this five times.

Specifically, but not limited to, for example, the rod diameter (2r) can be 1 to 15 mm. The rod spacing can be 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 1.5 to 5 mm. The length of the rod 2 in the raw material supply direction is 100 to 600 mm, more preferably 200 to 400 mm. If it is shorter than 100 mm, long linear objects, if there are a lot of them, will not easily fall through the sieve and will tend to form lumps on the sieve. On the other hand, if it exceeds 600 mm, the rod 2 may be more likely to shake due to vibration.

As shown in FIG. 6, a table 4 can be placed further upstream of the filter 3. The electronic and electrical equipment scraps are placed on the filter 3 from the table 4, and vibration is applied to the filter 3 from a vibration adding means (not shown). This allows precious metal-containing materials consisting of plate-shaped materials such as circuit boards and ICs to be sorted on the upper sieve side, and linear materials including coated wires to be sorted on the lower sieve side.

The table 4 is made of a flat plate with virtually no gaps for sieving out linear objects, and the raw material is first supplied onto the table 4 before being supplied to the filter 3. The raw material supplied onto the table 4 can be dispersed on the table 4 by first applying vibrations to the raw material. The dispersed raw material is then supplied from the table 4 onto the filter 3, thereby further increasing the efficiency of sorting linear objects and plate-like objects by the filter 3. Also, applying vibrations to the raw material once on the table 4 has the effect of aligning the direction of the linear objects. The vibration applied to the table 4 may be the same as that applied to the filter 3.

In this embodiment, it is further preferable to sieve the raw materials placed on the filter 3 by placing a pressing member 5 for pressing the raw materials as shown in FIG. 7(a). The pressing member 5 may have a material and shape that can prevent plate-like objects contained in the raw materials from rotating due to the vibration applied to the filter 3 and prevent them from falling out between the rods 2.

For example, the pressing member 5 can be made of an elastic material such as rubber, resin, or sponge that has elasticity and can hold the raw material with its elastic force. An elastic vinyl sheet can also be used as the pressing member 5. By using an elastic material as the pressing member 5, it can move together with the raw material while maintaining a constant distance from the vibrating filter 3, thereby suppressing unnecessary rotation of plate-like objects in the raw material. The pressing member 5 can also be a member with one or more holes so as to have an appropriate frictional force with the raw material.

It is possible to stack multiple pressing members 5 on top of the raw material supplied onto the filter 3, but if too many are stacked, it may be difficult to adjust the load for objects with large variations in the shapes and sizes of the parts contained in the raw material. It is also possible to apply a load by pressing the pressing member 5 from above the raw material, but if the load is too large, a plate-shaped object such as a board may get stuck between the pressing member 5 and the filter 3.

The thickness of the pressing member 5 can be appropriately selected to be optimal depending on the raw material used. Although not limited to the following, when using a rubber material as the pressing member 5, it is preferable to arrange a sheet-like member having a thickness of about 2 to 20 mm so as to cover the raw material. By covering the raw material with the pressing member 5, an appropriate load is applied to the electronic and electrical device components, improving the efficiency of screening. The load may be adjusted by placing a weight such as an iron plate on the pressing member 5.

As shown in FIG. 7(b), it is preferable that the pressing member 5 has one end on the raw material supply side that is fixed to the vibrating sieve and the other end on the raw material discharge side that is a free end that is not fixed to the vibrating sieve. By fixing one end of the pressing member 5, it is possible to prevent the pressing member 5 from flowing together with the raw materials to the raw material discharge side, and by making the other end of the pressing member 5 a free end, the other end of the pressing member 5 can easily move in accordance with the shape and vibration of the raw materials, making it easier to press the raw materials more appropriately.

As shown in FIG. 7(b), the fixed end of the pressing member 5 is fixed above (at the upper end) the supply side of the vibrating sieve that supplies the raw material onto the filter 3. The pressing member 5 is configured to hang from the supply side of the raw material toward the discharge side from this fixed end, and the free end of the pressing member 5 is movable up and down while pressing the raw material onto the filter 3 on the discharge side of the raw material. With this configuration, the raw material is easily vibrated on the supply side of the raw material, making it easier to align the direction of the linear objects, and on the discharge side of the raw material, the pressing member 5 holds down the vertical movement of the raw material due to the vibration, making it easier to sieve the linear objects below the filter 3. A plurality of pressing members 5 can be arranged from the supply direction of the raw material toward the discharge direction of the raw material. The pressing member 5 may be arranged on each of the plurality of filters 3, or may be arranged only on the filter 3 that is most upstream from the raw material supply side.

In this way, the linear object removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a metal reinforcing jig 7 that reinforces the filter 3, and further includes a resin filter 3, which allows the filter section 30 as a whole to be lighter than in the past and improves durability. This provides a linear object removal device that is durable enough to withstand long-term use.

(Method for Removing Linear Objects)
The linear object removal method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be carried out using the linear object removal device as shown in Fig. 1. That is, the linear object removal method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes arranging a plurality of filter parts 30 adjacent to each other in the supply direction so as to overlap each other partially, the filter parts 30 each including a plurality of resin rods 2 extending along the supply direction of the raw material with a certain gap y therebetween and sieving out linear objects contained in the raw material through the gap y, a resin beam part 21 supporting the plurality of rods 2 at one end thereof, and a metal reinforcing jig 7 including a first reinforcing part 71 covering the bottom surface 21b and rear side surface 21c of the beam part 21 and a second reinforcing part 72 protruding from the bottom surface of the first reinforcing part 71 and extending along the longitudinal direction of the beam part 21, and vibrating the filter parts 30 to sieve out the linear objects supplied onto the filter parts 30 through the gap y.

It is preferable to repeat the sieving of the raw material two or more times. For example, when electronic and electrical equipment components are used as the raw material, the first stage of sieving separates the electronic and electrical equipment components into boards with components and boards without components. The second stage of sieving then further separates the boards without components, allowing about 40% of the boards in the electronic and electrical equipment components to be moved to the top of the sieve.

In addition to the two-stage screening, by adjusting the load on the electronic and electrical equipment components using the pressing member 5, approximately 70% of the circuit boards contained in the electronic and electrical equipment components can be moved to the upper side of the sieve when the second stage of screening is completed, and approximately 90% of the wire scraps (coated wires) can be moved to the lower side of the sieve.

The magnitude of the vibration applied to the filter section 30 is arbitrary, and is not particularly limited as long as it is large enough to align the orientation of the linear objects. The vibration direction is preferably the same as the extension direction of the rod 2, i.e., a direction parallel to the supply direction of the raw material (front-rear direction). When performing continuous processing, it is preferable to vibrate in the up-down direction in addition to the front-rear direction. The amplitude may be any amplitude that moves the raw material forward, and can be set appropriately depending on the amount of raw material being processed. The device for supplying the vibration to the filter section 30 may be either linear or rotary, and is not particularly limited as long as it generates the specified vibration.

For example, vibration can be applied so that the vibration amplitude in the vertical direction (up-down vibration amplitude) and the front-rear vibration amplitude are 0.5-10 mm relative to the upper surface of the rod 2 of the filter part 30. If the vibration amplitude is too large, the efficiency of separating the wire scraps may decrease, and if the vibration amplitude is too small, the effect of the vibration cannot be obtained significantly, so it is more preferable to set the vibration amplitude to 5-8 mm. Alternatively, and not limited to the following example, the filter part 30 can be given a vibration with a frequency of about 50 Hz, and the magnitude of the vibration can be adjusted so that the vibration transmission rate (excitation rate) transmitted from the vibration source to the filter part 30 is between 10-90%.

Vibration can be applied to the filter section 30 intermittently or continuously. By applying vibration continuously, the wire scraps can be collected stably, and by applying vibration intermittently, the power required to drive the vibration can be eliminated.

(Method of Disposal of Scrap Electronic and Electrical Equipment Parts)
Scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts can be processed using the linear object removal device of Fig. 1. Here, the "scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts" in the embodiment of the present invention refers to scrap electronic and electrical equipment such as discarded home appliances, PCs, and mobile phones, which are crushed into appropriate sizes after recovery. In the present invention, the crushing to produce scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts may be performed by the processor himself, or crushed parts purchased in the market may be used. The crushing means is not limited to a specific device, but does not include devices belonging to the category of crushers, and it is preferable to crush parts without damaging their shapes as much as possible.

In this embodiment, although not limited thereto, the electronic and electrical equipment component scraps are preferably crushed to a maximum diameter of 100 mm or less, more preferably 70 mm or less, and even more preferably 50 mm or less. Since the separation efficiency is not efficient when the electronic and electrical equipment component scraps are made too small by crushing or the like, it is preferable that the electronic and electrical equipment component scraps are crushed to a minimum diameter of 5 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more, and even more preferably 15 mm or more. Note that it is preferable to roughly crush the raw material of the electronic and electrical equipment component scraps according to this embodiment in advance and then separate them into individual pieces in the form of capacitors, plastics, circuit boards, wire scraps, ICs, connectors, metals, etc. This makes it easier to select specific individual parts.

The roughly crushed electronic and electrical equipment scraps may be air-sorted, and the light materials sorted in the air sorting at 3 to 20 m/s may be the processing target of this embodiment. By combining air sorting, the sorting efficiency is improved. Air sorting may be performed before or after the screening of wire scraps described below. Although it depends on the materials contained in the electronic and electrical equipment scraps, separation of precious metal-containing materials such as circuit boards and ICs from metal is preferably performed at 10 to 18 m/s, or even 15 to 18 m/s, and in order to improve the concentration of capacitors and the metal fraction, the optimal air speed is preferably 5 to 15 m/s, or even 8 to 12 m/s.

When separating plastic from scrap parts that contain film, powder, plastic, etc., which may cause clogging of filter 3 or cause erroneous detection by the sensor during subsequent sorting, it is preferable to set the wind speed to 5 to 8 m/s, and more preferably 6 to 7 m/s.

In this embodiment, for example, a wire scrap is sieved from the raw material, that is, in this case, electronic and electrical equipment scrap, as wire scraps contained in the electronic and electrical equipment scrap, using a wire scrap removal device as shown in FIG. 1. "Wire scrap" refers to electrical wires used for wiring between electronic and electrical equipment or inside the equipment, made of copper, copper alloy, aluminum, etc. The wire scraps include coated wires, copper wires, and elongated, linear, chunky wire scraps. Specifically, copper wires loosened from twisted wires and braids can be suitably included as wire scraps. These copper wires, etc. have a small short diameter, for example, 0.5 mm or less, or even 0.2 mm or less, and even thinner materials have a short diameter of about 0.05 mm. Some of these copper wires, etc. have a long diameter of less than 50 mm due to crushing, but some may exceed 50 mm.

When sorting scrap electronic and electrical equipment parts, scrap wires tend to get tangled with other parts and equipment, which can lead to poor separation accuracy and equipment problems. Scrap wires containing long, thin copper wires, especially copper wires, are soft and therefore tend to get tangled with other parts or other linear objects, especially during physical sorting processes. Among scrap wires, coated wires contain about 0.3% Sb in the coating, which is a smelting inhibitor. There is also the problem that the inclusion of coated wires in smelting furnaces can affect the operation of the furnaces.

In this embodiment, when wire scraps are sifted from electronic and electrical equipment part scraps using the wire removal device of Figure 1, the coated wires are separated by sifting, and Sb, a smelting inhibitor, can be removed outside the smelting furnace processing system.

The present invention has been described using the above embodiments, but is not limited to each embodiment, and the components can be modified and embodied without departing from the spirit of the invention. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining multiple components disclosed in each embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiments. Furthermore, components of different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

2...Rod 2a...One end 2b...Other end 3...Filter 4...Table 5...Pressing member 7...Reinforcement jig 21...Beam portion 21a...Top surface 21b...Bottom surface 21c...Rear side surface 21d...Front side surface 22...Fall prevention device 28...Insertion hole 30...Filter portion 71...First reinforcement portion 71a...Bottom reinforcement portion 71b...Rear side surface reinforcement portion 72...Second reinforcement portion 72a...Front side surface 72b...Rear side surface 73...Angle adjustment plate 74...Rib 74a...Front rib 74b...Rear rib 75...Stress dispersion portion 76a, 76b...Fastening member 77...Second stress dispersion portion

Claims (10)

a plurality of resin filters including a plurality of rods extending along a supply direction of the raw material with a certain gap therebetween, and sieving out linear objects contained in the raw material through the gaps, and a beam portion supporting the plurality of rods at one end of the plurality of rods, the filters being arranged adjacent to each other along the supply direction so as to overlap partially;
a metallic reinforcing jig provided on each of the filters and including a first reinforcing portion covering a bottom surface and a rear side surface of the beam portion, and a second reinforcing portion protruding from the bottom surface of the first reinforcing portion and extending along the longitudinal direction of the beam portion. The linear object removal device according to claim 1, further comprising a tapered angle adjustment plate disposed on the bottom surface of the first reinforcement portion and adapted to adjust the inclination angle of the filter so that the height of the filter on the downstream side in the supply direction of the raw material is higher than the height of the filter on the upstream side in the supply direction of the raw material. The linear object removal device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing jig further comprises a rib that reinforces at least one of the front side and the rear side of the second reinforcing portion. The linear object removal device according to claim 3, further comprising a stress dispersion section provided at least at the connection between the rib and the second reinforcing section. The linear object removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 further comprises a second stress dispersion section at both ends of the second reinforcement section in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the beam section for dispersing stress acting on the second reinforcement section. The linear object removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the filter is made of at least one of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, ABS resin, and polyacetal resin. A linear object removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the length of the rod along the supply direction is 100 mm or more. The linear object removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the linear object includes at least one of the following: a coated wire with a short diameter of 0.5 mm or less, a copper wire, a lump of wire scraps, a twisted wire, and a copper wire loosened from a braid. a plurality of filter sections each including a plurality of resin rods extending along a supply direction of the raw material with a certain gap therebetween and sieving out linear objects contained in the raw material through the gaps, a resin beam portion supporting the plurality of rods at one end thereof, and a metal reinforcing jig including a first reinforcing portion covering a bottom surface and a rear side surface of the beam portion and a second reinforcing portion protruding from a bottom surface of the first reinforcing portion and extending along a longitudinal direction of the beam portion, the filter sections being arranged adjacent to each other along the supply direction so as to overlap partially;
applying vibration to the plurality of filter sections, and sieving the linear objects supplied onto the plurality of filter sections through the gaps to separate them. a plurality of filter sections each including a plurality of resin rods extending at regular intervals along a supply direction of a raw material including substrate scraps and wire scraps and sieving out the wire scraps through the gaps, a resin beam portion supporting the plurality of rods at one end, and a metal reinforcing jig including a first reinforcing portion covering a bottom surface and a rear side surface of the beam portion and a second reinforcing portion protruding from a bottom surface of the first reinforcing portion and extending along a longitudinal direction of the beam portion, are arranged adjacent to each other along the supply direction so as to overlap partially;
applying vibration to the plurality of filter sections, and sifting out the wire scraps supplied onto the plurality of filter sections through the gaps.

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