JP7583516B2 - Apparatus and method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass solids, and method for recovering phosphorus-containing biomass energy - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass solids, and method for recovering phosphorus-containing biomass energy Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、リン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置およびその燃焼方法、ならびにリン含有バイオマスエネルギー回収方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a phosphorus-containing biomass solid combustion device and combustion method, as well as a phosphorus-containing biomass energy recovery method.
近年、下水汚泥やし尿汚泥、畜産廃棄物等の未利用バイオマスからのエネルギー回収が注目されている。これらバイオマスからエネルギーを回収する方法としては、直接燃焼による方法の他に、嫌気消化によるバイオガス回収やガス化発電が知られ、この中で直接燃焼による方法は、嫌気消化やガス化発電に伴う返流水や溜出水の処理がなく、有利である。 In recent years, energy recovery from unused biomass such as sewage sludge, human waste sludge, and livestock waste has been attracting attention. In addition to direct combustion, other methods of recovering energy from such biomass include biogas recovery through anaerobic digestion and gasification power generation. Of these, direct combustion methods are advantageous because they do not require the treatment of return water or effluent water that accompanies anaerobic digestion and gasification power generation.
バイオマスの燃焼処理や燃焼によるエネルギー回収は広く実施されているが、高濃度でリンを含有する場合、五酸化リンによる灰の融点降下を原因とするスケール障害が生じるリスクが高まる。対策として、先行技術文献１では、ポリ鉄の添加を推奨しているが、ポリ鉄は高価である上、焼却後の灰が赤褐色となり、灰の有効利用先の制限要因となる問題がある。 The combustion of biomass and the recovery of energy from combustion are widely practiced, but when it contains high concentrations of phosphorus, there is an increased risk of scaling problems caused by a drop in the melting point of the ash due to phosphorus pentoxide. As a countermeasure, Prior Art Document 1 recommends the addition of polyiron, but polyiron is expensive and the ash turns reddish brown after incineration, which is a problem that limits the effective use of the ash.
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、新設、既設を問わず、薬品等のコスト押し上げ要因となる添加助剤を用いずにスケール障害を防ぎ、リン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置およびその燃焼方法、ならびにリン含有バイオマスエネルギー回収方法を提供することである。 The problem that this invention aims to solve is to provide a phosphorus-containing biomass solid combustion device and combustion method, as well as a phosphorus-containing biomass energy recovery method, which prevent scaling problems without using additives that increase the costs of chemicals, etc., regardless of whether the facility is new or existing.
上記課題を解決するための具体的な手段である本発明の構成と、本発明の好ましい構成を以下に記載する。 The specific configuration of the present invention, which is a means for solving the above problems, and the preferred configuration of the present invention are described below.
［１］ リン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質とを混合し、燃焼させるリン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置。
［２］ リン含有バイオマス固形物中のリン含有率が１５質量％以上である［１］に記載のリン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置。
［３］ カルシウム含有物質の合計質量中のカルシウム含有率が１２質量％以下である［１］または［２］に記載のリン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置。
［４］ 固形物燃焼装置に供給するリン含有バイオマスの合計質量をＭ１、水分をＷ、固形物中のリン含有率をＣ１とし、カルシウム含有物質の合計質量をＭ２、カルシウム含有物質の合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率をＣ２とする場合に、Ｍ２＞Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２である ［１］～［３］のいずれか一つに記載のリン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置。
［５］ 固形物燃焼装置が流動床方式もしくは循環流動床方式である［１］～［４］のいずれか一つに記載のリン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置。
［６］ リン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質とを混合燃焼させるリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法。
［７］ リン含有バイオマス固形物中のリン含有率が１５質量％以上である［６］に記載のリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法。
［８］ カルシウム含有物質の合計質量中のカルシウム含有率が１２質量％以下である［６］または［７］に記載のリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法。
［９］ リン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質とを固形物燃焼装置で混合燃焼させるリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法であって、固形物燃焼装置に供給するリン含有バイオマスの合計質量をＭ１、水分をＷ、固形物中のリン含有率をＣ１とし、カルシウム含有物質の合計質量をＭ２、カルシウム含有物質の合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率をＣ２とする場合に、Ｍ２＞Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２である［６］～［８］のいずれか一つに記載のリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法。
［１０］ リン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質とを固形物燃焼装置で混合燃焼させるリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法であって、固形物燃焼装置が流動床方式もしくは循環流動床方式である［６］～［９］のいずれか一つに記載のリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法。
［１１］ ［６］～［１０］のいずれか一つに記載のリン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法を用いたリン含有バイオマスエネルギー回収方法。
[1] A solid combustion device for phosphorus-containing biomass that mixes phosphorus-containing biomass with a calcium-containing substance and combusts the mixture.
[2] The phosphorus-containing biomass solid combustion apparatus according to [1], wherein the phosphorus content in the phosphorus-containing biomass solid is 15 mass% or more.
[3] The solid combustion apparatus for phosphorus-containing biomass according to [1] or [2], wherein the calcium content in the total mass of the calcium-containing material is 12 mass% or less.
[4] The solid combustion apparatus for phosphorus-containing biomass according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein M2>M1×C1×(1−W/100)/C2 is satisfied, where M1 is the total mass of phosphorus-containing biomass supplied to the solid combustion apparatus, W is the moisture, C1 is the phosphorus content in the solid, M2 is the total mass of calcium-containing substances, and C2 is the calcium content relative to the total mass of calcium-containing substances.
[5] The solid combustion apparatus for phosphorus-containing biomass according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the solid combustion apparatus is a fluidized bed type or a circulating fluidized bed type.
[6] A method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass, comprising co-burning phosphorus-containing biomass and a calcium-containing substance.
[7] The method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass according to [6], wherein the phosphorus content in the phosphorus-containing biomass solid is 15 mass% or more.
[8] The method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass according to [6] or [7], wherein the calcium content in the total mass of the calcium-containing material is 12 mass% or less.
[9] A method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass by mixing and burning a phosphorus-containing biomass and a calcium-containing substance in a solid matter combustion device, wherein, when the total mass of the phosphorus-containing biomass supplied to the solid matter combustion device is M1, the moisture is W, the phosphorus content in the solid matter is C1, the total mass of the calcium-containing substances is M2, and the calcium content relative to the total mass of the calcium-containing substances is C2, the method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass described in any one of [6] to [8] satisfies M2>M1×C1×(1−W/100)/C2.
[10] A method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass, comprising mixing and burning a phosphorus-containing biomass and a calcium-containing substance in a solid matter combustion apparatus, the solid matter combustion apparatus being of a fluidized bed type or a circulating fluidized bed type, according to any one of [6] to [9].
[11] A phosphorus-containing biomass energy recovery method using the phosphorus-containing biomass combustion method according to any one of [6] to [10].
本発明によれば、リン含有バイオマスを燃焼する際に問題となる、煙道や水管等へのスケールや釜詰まりの障害を、薬品等のコスト押し上げ要因となる添加助剤を用いずに防止できる固形物燃焼装置およびその燃焼方法を提供できる。さらに、水管へのスケールが減ることから、水管の伝熱効率を高い状態で維持でき、リン含有バイオマスから高効率でエネルギーを回収する方法を提供できる。 The present invention provides a solid combustion device and a combustion method that can prevent problems such as scaling and pot clogging in the flue and water pipes, which are issues when burning phosphorus-containing biomass, without using additives that increase the cost of chemicals, etc. Furthermore, because scaling in the water pipes is reduced, the heat transfer efficiency of the water pipes can be maintained at a high level, providing a method for recovering energy from phosphorus-containing biomass with high efficiency.
以下において、本発明について詳細に説明する。以下に記載する構成要件の説明は、代表的な実施形態や具体例に基づいてなされることがあるが、本発明はそのような実施形態に限定されるものではない。なお、本明細書において「～」を用いて表される数値範囲は「～」前後に記載される数値を下限値および上限値として含む範囲を意味する。 The present invention will be described in detail below. The following explanation of the constituent elements may be based on representative embodiments or specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments. In this specification, a numerical range expressed using "~" means a range that includes the numerical values written before and after "~" as the lower and upper limits.
［リン含有バイオマス］
本発明のリン含有バイオマスは、リン酸の形態でリンを含有する生物由来物質を含む物質である。具体的には、下水処理場やし尿処理場で発生する汚泥の他、畜産系や水産系の残渣も含まれる。リン含有率としては、固形物あたりの濃度で５質量％以上含有するものを対象とし、好ましくは１５質量％以上の高濃度で含有する場合に本発明は効果を遺憾なく発揮することができる。ここで、リン含有率とは、リン含有バイオマスの固形物中に含有されるリン元素の質量％である。
[Phosphorus-containing biomass]
The phosphorus-containing biomass of the present invention is a material containing biological substances containing phosphorus in the form of phosphoric acid. Specifically, it includes sludge generated in sewage treatment plants and night soil treatment plants, as well as livestock and fishery residues. The phosphorus content is targeted to those containing 5% by mass or more in concentration per solid matter, and the present invention can fully exert its effects when it contains a high concentration of preferably 15% by mass or more. Here, the phosphorus content is the mass % of phosphorus contained in the solid matter of the phosphorus-containing biomass.
本発明において、リン含有バイオマスに含まれる水分は特に限定されるものではないが、リン含有バイオマスの固形物中、水分含有率が５～５０質量％であることが好ましく、１０～３５質量％であることがさらに好ましく、１５～２５質量％であることが特に好ましい。高水分の場合、燃焼時に水分の蒸発潜熱ロスによりバイオマスエネルギーの回収率が低下し、さらに排ガス量が増えるデメリットもある。一方、低水分の場合、バイオマスが有する自己発熱現象によるバイオマスの温度上昇が大きくなり、自然発火のリスクが高まる懸念がある。 In the present invention, the moisture content of the phosphorus-containing biomass is not particularly limited, but the moisture content in the solid matter of the phosphorus-containing biomass is preferably 5 to 50 mass%, more preferably 10 to 35 mass%, and particularly preferably 15 to 25 mass%. A high moisture content has the disadvantages of lowering the biomass energy recovery rate due to the loss of latent heat of evaporation of moisture during combustion, and also increasing the amount of exhaust gas. On the other hand, a low moisture content causes a large temperature rise in the biomass due to the self-heating phenomenon of the biomass, raising concerns of an increased risk of spontaneous combustion.
リン含有バイオマスに含まれるリン酸は、燃焼過程で五酸化リンとなる。五酸化リンは融点が３５０℃と低いため、燃焼装置の火炉内で溶融状態となり、他の燃焼物や飛灰と混じってスラリー化した後、燃え殻の搬送経路や煙道や水管の表面で融点以下の温度となって、これら装置にスラリーごと固着し、燃え殻や燃焼物の搬送障害や排ガスの排出障害、排気ガス送風機の負荷増、水管の伝熱効率の低下によるエネルギー回収率の低下等の悪影響を与える。 The phosphoric acid contained in phosphorus-containing biomass becomes phosphorus pentoxide during the combustion process. Because phosphorus pentoxide has a low melting point of 350°C, it becomes molten in the furnace of the combustion equipment and mixes with other combustion materials and fly ash to form a slurry. The temperature of the slurry drops below its melting point on the surfaces of the cinder transport path, flue, and water pipes, and the slurry adheres to these devices, causing adverse effects such as impeding the transport of cinders and combustion materials, impeding the discharge of exhaust gases, increasing the load on exhaust gas blowers, and reducing the energy recovery rate due to reduced heat transfer efficiency in water pipes.
リン酸は、カルシウムと結合して、安定したリン酸三カルシウムの結晶となる。リン酸三カルシウムの融点は、１６７０℃と一般的な火炉内温度より高温であるため、予めリン酸三カルシウムの状態で火炉に入れば、溶融して前記搬送や伝熱の障害を生じる虞がない。 Phosphoric acid combines with calcium to form stable tricalcium phosphate crystals. The melting point of tricalcium phosphate is 1670°C, which is higher than the temperature inside a typical furnace, so if it is placed in the furnace in the form of tricalcium phosphate, there is no risk of it melting and causing problems with transport or heat transfer.
［カルシウム含有物質］
カルシウム含有物質として、生石灰や消石灰、水産系残渣（ホタテの貝殻等）は、有機物含有が少なく、発熱量が少ないことから大量での添加は困難である課題がある。カルシウム濃度が高いことから計算上は少量添加でも十分と推察していたが、発明者らが鋭意検討した結果、高濃度少量添加となることからリン含有バイオマス全体に行き渡らず、局所的な反応に留まり、フリーのリン酸が残留することが判明した。鋭意検討を重ねた結果、総重量に対して数パーセント程度の比較的少ない重量濃度でカルシウムを含むカルシウム含有物質の添加が有効であることが判明した。さらに検討を進めた結果、製紙汚泥は、有機物を含み、前記リン含有バイオマスと性状が似ていることから均等な混合が容易で、カルシウム含有物質として最適であることを見出した。製紙汚泥は、ペーパースラッジもしくは製紙スラッジ、さらに略してＰＳとも呼称される製紙工場やパルプ工場で発生する排水汚泥であり、活性汚泥の余剰汚泥の他、パルプの製造工程や精選工程で製品から取り除かれた除外物（リジェクト）、前記パルプの製造工程や精選工程で生じた排水の処理で生じた汚泥（加圧浮上処理のフロス等）、広義には工場内で製品にならなかった紙、例えば耳紙（トリム）や損紙、抄紙機内で循環するウェットブロークやドライブローク、コートブロークが含まれることもある。紙は原料として軽質炭酸カルシウムや重質炭酸カルシウムを使っているため、製紙汚泥もこれらに由来するカルシウムを高濃度で含んでいる。製紙スラッジは、カルシウムのみでなく、他の無機成分、パルプや余剰汚泥微生物の菌体等の有機物、水分から構成されている。水分は、ロータリースクリーンで濃縮後、スクリュープレスで脱水され、製紙スラッジの水分含有率として７０質量％以下であることが好ましく、６０質量％以下であることがさらに好ましく、５０質量％以下であることが特に好ましい。高水分の場合、水分の蒸発潜熱により回収できるエネルギーが減ったり、火炉内温度の低下、燃焼排ガス量の増加などのデメリットがある。固形物中の無機分（灰分）は、熱回収上は少ない方が望ましいが、低灰分、すなわち高有機分は繊維質原料が汚泥の流失を意味することから、製品歩留まり上好ましくない。前記灰分は、２５～７５質量％であることが好ましく、３５～６５質量％であることがさらに好ましく、４５～５５質量％であることが特に好ましい。さらにカルシウム含有率は、１５質量％以下であることが好ましく、１２質量％以下であることがより好ましく、１０質量％以下であることがさらに好ましく、８質量％以下であることが特に好ましい。ここで、カルシウム含有率は、水分込みペーパースラッジの合計質量に対する含有するカルシウム元素の質量％である。
[Calcium-containing substances]
As calcium-containing substances, quicklime, slaked lime, and marine residues (such as scallop shells) have a problem that they are difficult to add in large quantities because they contain little organic matter and have a low calorific value. It was assumed that a small amount would be sufficient based on calculations because of the high calcium concentration, but as a result of intensive research by the inventors, it was found that the high concentration and small amount of calcium would not spread throughout the phosphorus-containing biomass, but would only react locally, leaving free phosphoric acid. As a result of intensive research, it was found that the addition of a calcium-containing substance containing calcium at a relatively low weight concentration of about a few percent of the total weight is effective. As a result of further research, it was found that paper sludge is an optimal calcium-containing substance because it contains organic matter and has similar properties to the phosphorus-containing biomass, making it easy to mix evenly. Paper sludge, also called paper sludge or PS for short, is wastewater sludge generated in paper mills and pulp mills. In addition to the excess sludge of activated sludge, it may also include rejects removed from products in the pulp manufacturing process and screening process, sludge generated in the treatment of wastewater generated in the pulp manufacturing process and screening process (such as froth from the pressurized flotation process), and in a broader sense, paper that was not made into a product in the factory, such as trim and lost paper, wet broken, dry broken, and coated broken circulated in the papermaking machine. Since paper uses light calcium carbonate and heavy calcium carbonate as raw materials, paper sludge also contains a high concentration of calcium derived from these. Paper sludge is composed of not only calcium, but also other inorganic components, organic matter such as pulp and excess sludge microorganisms, and water. The moisture is concentrated by a rotary screen, and then dehydrated by a screw press. The moisture content of the paper sludge is preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 60% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 50% by mass or less. In the case of a high moisture content, there are disadvantages such as a decrease in the energy that can be recovered due to the latent heat of evaporation of the moisture, a decrease in the temperature inside the furnace, and an increase in the amount of combustion exhaust gas. It is desirable to have a small inorganic content (ash content) in the solid matter in terms of heat recovery, but a low ash content, i.e., a high organic content, means that the fibrous raw material is lost as sludge, which is not preferable in terms of product yield. The ash content is preferably 25 to 75% by mass, more preferably 35 to 65% by mass, and particularly preferably 45 to 55% by mass. Furthermore, the calcium content is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 12% by mass or less, even more preferably 10% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 8% by mass or less. Here, the calcium content is the mass% of calcium element contained relative to the total mass of the moisture-containing paper sludge.
［リン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質の混合方法］
リン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質の混合方法は、燃焼装置の火炉に入る前に混合されることが望ましいが、必ずしも火炉に入る前に混合されず、別の搬送系統から運ばれ、火炉内で混合されても良い。
[Method of mixing phosphorus-containing biomass and calcium-containing substance]
The method for mixing the phosphorus-containing biomass and the calcium-containing substance is preferably such that they are mixed before entering the furnace of the combustion equipment, but they do not necessarily have to be mixed before entering the furnace; they may be transported from a separate conveying system and mixed in the furnace.
燃焼装置の火炉に入る前にリン含有バイオマスとカルシウム含有物質の混合する方法には、燃焼装置付属の燃焼物受け入れバンカー等で混合する方法の他に、脱水前のリン含有バイオマスと脱水前のカルシウム含有物質を混合して脱水する方法、脱水前のリン含有バイオマスに脱水したカルシウム含有物質を添加して脱水する方法、脱水前のカルシウム含有物質に脱水したリン含有バイオマスを添加して脱水する方法がある。特に製紙汚泥は繊維質を多く含むため、脱水前のリン含有バイオマスに脱水した製紙汚泥を添加して脱水することで、脱水後水分減の効果も期待できる。前記脱水後水分減は、脱水機がスクリュープレス脱水機である場合特に効果が大きい。 Methods for mixing phosphorus-containing biomass and calcium-containing substances before entering the furnace of the combustion equipment include mixing in a combustion material receiving bunker attached to the combustion equipment, mixing phosphorus-containing biomass before dehydration with calcium-containing substances before dehydration and dehydrating them, adding dehydrated calcium-containing substances to phosphorus-containing biomass before dehydration and dehydrating them, and adding dehydrated phosphorus-containing biomass to calcium-containing substances before dehydration and dehydrating them. In particular, since papermaking sludge contains a lot of fiber, adding dehydrated papermaking sludge to phosphorus-containing biomass before dehydration and dehydrating it can be expected to have the effect of reducing moisture after dehydration. The reduction in moisture after dehydration is particularly effective when the dehydrator is a screw press dehydrator.
固形物燃焼装置に供給するリン含有バイオマスの総重量をＭ１、水分をＷ、固形物中のリン含有率をＣ１とし、カルシウム含有物質の合計質量をＭ２、カルシウム含有物質合計質量中のカルシウム含有率をＣ２とする場合に、Ｍ２は、０．５×Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２から求まる質量以上とすることが好ましく、０．８×Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２から求まる質量以上とすることがさらに好ましく、Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２から求まる質量以上とすることが特に好ましい。前記条件を満たすＭ２とすることで、燃焼装置火炉内で生じた灰の融点が火炉内温度以下となることが防止でき、リン含有バイオマスが持ち込むリン酸による燃焼障害を防止できる。 If the total weight of phosphorus-containing biomass supplied to the solid combustion device is M1, the moisture content is W, the phosphorus content in the solids is C1, the total mass of calcium-containing materials is M2, and the calcium content in the total mass of calcium-containing materials is C2, M2 is preferably equal to or greater than the mass calculated from 0.5 x M1 x C1 x (1-W/100)/C2, more preferably equal to or greater than the mass calculated from 0.8 x M1 x C1 x (1-W/100)/C2, and particularly preferably equal to or greater than the mass calculated from M1 x C1 x (1-W/100)/C2. By setting M2 to satisfy the above conditions, it is possible to prevent the melting point of ash generated in the combustion device furnace from falling below the temperature inside the furnace, and to prevent combustion damage caused by phosphoric acid brought in by the phosphorus-containing biomass.
［燃焼装置］
燃焼装置は固形物を燃焼できる装置であれば特に制限はないが、ストーカー方式が好ましく、流動床方式がさらに好ましく、循環流動床方式が特に好ましい。
[Combustion device]
The combustion device is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of burning solid materials, but a stoker type is preferred, a fluidized bed type is more preferred, and a circulating fluidized bed type is particularly preferred.
本発明の燃焼装置の好ましい形態では、燃焼装置内に蒸気発生用の水管を置き、リン含有バイオマスの燃焼により生じた熱エネルギーを蒸気エネルギーに回収することが好ましい。回収した蒸気エネルギーから蒸気タービンにより電力を回収することがさらに好ましく、蒸気タービンの抽汽を熱利用する電熱併利用（コージェネレーション）とすることが熱の総利用効率を最大化でき特に好ましい。 In a preferred embodiment of the combustion device of the present invention, a water tube for generating steam is placed inside the combustion device, and the thermal energy generated by the combustion of phosphorus-containing biomass is preferably recovered as steam energy. It is even more preferable to recover electricity from the recovered steam energy using a steam turbine, and it is particularly preferable to use the steam extraction from the steam turbine for combined heat and electricity (cogeneration), which maximizes the overall efficiency of heat utilization.
以下に実施例と比較例を挙げて本発明の特徴をさらに具体的に説明する。以下の実施例に示す燃焼物、使用量、割合、処理内容、処理手順等は、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない限り適宜変更することができる。したがって、本発明の範囲は以下に示す具体例により限定的に解釈されるべきものではない。 The features of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples. The combustion materials, amounts used, ratios, processing contents, processing procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited by the specific examples shown below.
［実施例１］
水分Ｗが２０質量％、固形分中のリン含有率Ｃ１が２３質量％のリン含有バイオマスＡを合計質量Ｍ１として１００ｇに対して、合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率Ｃ２が８質量％である製紙汚泥を合計質量Ｍ２として２３０ｇ（Ｍ２＝Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２）を混合した試料を１０サンプル用意し、各々別のルツボに入れて８５０℃で４時間灰化し、灰化後に灰がルツボに付着しないことを合格として評価したところ、１０試料中１０試料が合格であった。リン含有バイオマスＡ １００ｇに製紙汚泥を混合、灰化後の不溶融合格率は、表１に示すとおりであった。
[Example 1]
Ten samples were prepared by mixing 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass A having a moisture content W of 20 mass% and a phosphorus content C1 in the solid content of 23 mass% with 230 g of paper sludge having a calcium content C2 of 8 mass% relative to the total mass (M2 = M1 x C1 x (1 - W/100) / C2) in total mass M2, each of which was placed in a separate crucible and incinerated at 850 °C for 4 hours. When the ash did not adhere to the crucible after incineration, 10 out of the 10 samples passed. The non-melting pass rate after incineration when 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass A was mixed with paper sludge is shown in Table 1.
［実施例２］
水分Ｗが８３質量％、固形分中のリン含有率Ｃ１が２９質量％のリン含有バイオマスＢを合計質量Ｍ１として１００ｇに対して、合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率Ｃ２が８質量％である製紙汚泥を合計質量Ｍ２として６２ｇ（Ｍ２＝Ｍ１×Ｃ１（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２）を混合した試料を１０サンプル用意し、各々別のルツボに入れて８５０℃で４時間灰化し、灰化後に灰がルツボに付着しないことを合格として評価したところ、１０試料中１０試料が合格であった。リン含有バイオマスＢ １００ｇに製紙汚泥を混合、灰化後の不溶融合格率は、表２に示すとおりであった。
[Example 2]
Ten samples were prepared by mixing 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass B having a moisture content W of 83 mass% and a phosphorus content C1 in the solid content of 29 mass% with 62 g of paper sludge having a calcium content C2 of 8 mass% relative to the total mass (M2 = M1 x C1 (1 - W / 100) / C2) in total mass M2, each of which was placed in a separate crucible and incinerated at 850 ° C for 4 hours. When the ash did not adhere to the crucible after incineration, 10 out of the 10 samples passed. The non-melting pass rate after incineration when 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass B was mixed with paper sludge is shown in Table 2.
［比較例１］
水分Ｗが８３質量％、固形分中のリン含有率Ｃ１が２９質量％のリン含有バイオマスＢを合計質量Ｍ１として１００ｇに対して、合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率Ｃ２が８質量％である製紙汚泥を合計質量Ｍ２として５０ｇ（Ｍ２＝０．８×Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２）を混合した試料を１０サンプル用意し、各々別のルツボに入れて８５０℃で４時間灰化し、灰化後に灰がルツボに付着しないことを合格として評価したところ、１０試料中３試料が不合格であった。リン含有バイオマスＢ １００ｇに製紙汚泥を混合、灰化後の不溶融合格率は、表２に示すとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 1]
Ten samples were prepared by mixing 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass B having a moisture content W of 83% by mass and a phosphorus content C1 in the solid content of 29% by mass with 50 g of paper sludge having a calcium content C2 of 8% by mass (M2 = 0.8 x M1 x C1 x (1 - W / 100) / C2) with a total mass M1 of 100 g, and each sample was placed in a separate crucible and incinerated at 850 ° C for 4 hours. When the ash did not adhere to the crucible after incineration, it was evaluated as passing, but three out of the ten samples failed. The non-melting pass rate after incineration when paper sludge was mixed with 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass B was as shown in Table 2.
［比較例２］
水分Ｗが２０質量％、固形分中のリン含有率Ｃ１が２３質量％のリン含有バイオマスＡを合計質量Ｍ１として１００ｇに対して、合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率Ｃ２が５８質量％である生石灰を合計質量Ｍ２として９ｇ（Ｍ２＝Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２）を混合した試料を１０サンプル用意し、各々別のルツボに入れて８５０℃で４時間灰化し、灰化後に灰がルツボに付着しないことを合格として評価したところ、１０試料中７試料が不合格であった。リン含有バイオマスＡ １００ｇに生石灰スラリを混合、灰化後の不溶融合格率は、表３に示すとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 2]
Ten samples were prepared by mixing 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass A with a moisture content W of 20% by mass and a phosphorus content C1 in the solid content of 23% by mass with 9 g of quicklime with a calcium content C2 of 58% by mass (M2 = M1 x C1 x (1 - W/100)/C2) with a total mass M1 of 100 g, and each sample was placed in a separate crucible and incinerated at 850°C for 4 hours. The samples were evaluated as passing if the ash did not adhere to the crucible after incineration, and 7 out of the 10 samples failed. Table 3 shows the non-melting pass rate after incineration when quicklime slurry was mixed with 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass A.
［比較例３］
水分Ｗが８３質量％、固形分中のリン含有率Ｃ１が２９質量％のリン含有バイオマスＢを合計質量Ｍ１として１００ｇに対して、合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率Ｃ２が５８質量％である生石灰を合計質量Ｍ２として３２ｇ（Ｍ２＝Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２）を混合した試料を１０サンプル用意し、各々別のルツボに入れて８５０℃で４時間灰化し、灰化後に灰がルツボに付着しないことを合格として評価したところ、１０試料中４試料が不合格であった。リン含有バイオマスＢ １００ｇに生石灰スラリを混合、灰化後の不溶融合格率は、表４に示すとおりであった。
[Comparative Example 3]
Ten samples were prepared by mixing 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass B with a moisture content W of 83% by mass and a phosphorus content C1 in the solid content of 29% by mass with 32 g of quicklime with a calcium content C2 of 58% by mass (M2 = M1 x C1 x (1 - W/100)/C2) with a total mass M1 of 100 g, and each sample was placed in a separate crucible and incinerated at 850°C for four hours. The samples were evaluated as passing if the ash did not adhere to the crucible after incineration, but four out of the ten samples failed. Table 4 shows the non-melting pass rate after incineration when quicklime slurry was mixed with 100 g of phosphorus-containing biomass B.
Claims (9)
前記カルシウム含有物質の合計質量中のカルシウム含有率が８質量％以下であり、
前記カルシウム含有物質が、製紙汚泥であり、
固形物燃焼装置に供給する前記リン含有バイオマスの合計質量をＭ１、水分をＷ、固形物中のリン含有率をＣ１とし、前記カルシウム含有物質の合計質量をＭ２、前記カルシウム含有物質の合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率をＣ２とする場合に、Ｍ２≧Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２である、
リン含有バイオマスの固形物燃焼装置。 A solid combustion device for phosphorus-containing biomass that mixes and combusts phosphorus-containing biomass and calcium-containing substances,
The calcium content in the total mass of the calcium-containing substance is 8 % by mass or less,
The calcium-containing material is paper sludge ,
When the total mass of the phosphorus-containing biomass supplied to the solid matter combustion apparatus is M1, the moisture is W, the phosphorus content in the solid matter is C1, the total mass of the calcium-containing material is M2, and the calcium content relative to the total mass of the calcium-containing material is C2, M2≧M1×C1×(1−W/100)/C2.
A solid combustion device for phosphorus-containing biomass.
前記カルシウム含有物質の合計質量中のカルシウム含有率が８質量％以下であり、
前記カルシウム含有物質が、製紙汚泥であり、
固形物燃焼装置に供給する前記リン含有バイオマスの合計質量をＭ１、水分をＷ、固形物中のリン含有率をＣ１とし、前記カルシウム含有物質の合計質量をＭ２、前記カルシウム含有物質の合計質量に対するカルシウム含有率をＣ２とする場合に、Ｍ２≧Ｍ１×Ｃ１×（１－Ｗ／１００）／Ｃ２である、
リン含有バイオマスの燃焼方法。 A method for combusting phosphorus-containing biomass by co-combusting phosphorus-containing biomass and a calcium-containing substance, comprising:
The calcium content in the total mass of the calcium-containing substance is 8 % by mass or less,
The calcium-containing material is paper sludge ,
When the total mass of the phosphorus-containing biomass supplied to the solid matter combustion apparatus is M1, the moisture is W, the phosphorus content in the solid matter is C1, the total mass of the calcium-containing material is M2, and the calcium content relative to the total mass of the calcium-containing material is C2, M2≧M1×C1×(1−W/100)/C2.
A method for burning phosphorus-containing biomass.
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