JP7584733B2 - Crushing and drying equipment, carbonization equipment and systems - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for efficiently and continuously carbonizing carbon-containing organic matter, which is a source of carbon dioxide, a substance that causes global warming, using renewable energy, or recovering it as semi-carbonized solid matter, and to a renewable energy-based organic matter carbonization system to which this method is applied.

To prevent global warming, efforts are being made to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, which is the main cause of global warming, and to separate and capture carbon dioxide accumulated in the atmosphere and fix it by injecting it underground. In particular, technology to separate and capture and fix carbon dioxide in exhaust gases generated when biomass resources are burned and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is expected to be implemented in society and become more widespread as a negative emission technology that contributes to the active reduction of carbon dioxide accumulated in the atmosphere.

On the other hand, carbon dioxide gas separated and captured from exhaust gases and the atmosphere is highly chemically stable and difficult to decompose, so when it is injected and fixed deep underground, it must be compressed and liquefied, transported to an underground storage site, and then further compressed in order to be injected deep underground. This poses the issue of increased costs due to the huge amount of energy consumption and the carbon dioxide emissions associated with that energy consumption, as well as a reduction in the net amount of carbon dioxide fixed.

In addition, there are limitations on the locations where carbon dioxide can be stored underground stably for the long term, and on the amount that can be injected and fixed, depending on each storage location. Therefore, once the injection amount reaches its limit, even if the carbon dioxide can be transported, it will become impossible to fix it by injection.

Therefore, as a means of solving these problems, organic matter that causes carbon dioxide emissions can be carbonized and recovered as solid carbon, and the recovered solid carbon can be buried underground or used for coastal landfill, and stored for a long period of time after taking measures to prevent it from coming into contact with oxygen, microorganisms, etc., thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions caused by incinerating organic matter of fossil fuel origin such as waste plastics, and preventing carbon dioxide emissions when incinerating organic matter of biomass origin such as pruned branches of vegetation, food waste, and sewage sludge, thereby achieving negative emissions.

Furthermore, carbon-based materials containing solid carbon are used in a variety of fields, including lightweight, high-strength carbon fiber, silicon carbide with high heat resistance and thermal conductivity, and activated carbon with high adsorption properties. If recovered solid carbon could be used as a raw material for producing such functional materials and the produced carbon-containing materials could be used over the long term, it would be possible to use highly functional materials for a long period of time while suppressing carbon dioxide emissions.

From the above perspective, there are hopes for technology that can carbonize waste containing carbon from fossil fuels, such as waste plastics and tires, as well as waste containing carbon from biomass sources, such as pruned branches of vegetation and sewage sludge, without incineration, recover it as solid carbon, and effectively use it as a raw material for carbon-based materials.

Meanwhile, various technologies and devices have been proposed for the carbonization of various types of waste, including organic matter. Disclosed are a technology in which waste with a high moisture content, such as food waste, is dried and then heated to carbonize it when carbonization is promoted by volatilizing organic matter through heat transfer or radiation from a heat transfer surface in a low-oxygen environment (Patent Document 1), and a technology in which biomass is brought into contact with high-temperature gas and pyrolyzed to produce a charcoal (Patent Document 2).

Furthermore, when various waste materials composed of organic matter are reused as fuel, a semi-carbonization process is often performed in which excess moisture in the waste material is dehydrated, dried, and evaporated using high-temperature air or combustion gas, and the waste material is not carbonized, leaving behind a large amount of organic matter that becomes a fuel component originating from the waste material, thereby maximizing the energy density. Examples of such a process include a technology for semi-carbonizing biomass by blowing combustion exhaust gas with a low oxygen concentration onto the waste material under negative pressure conditions in which moisture in the biomass is likely to evaporate (Patent Document 3), a technology for heating biomass in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free environment where air intrusion is blocked, and using the heat obtained by burning the generated pyrolysis gas to semi-carbonize the waste material (Patent Document 4), and a technology for producing dense biomass solid material by compressing organic matter in a sealed state while heating it to generate a semi-carbonized solid material, and then cooling the generated semi-carbonized solid material (Patent Document 5).

JP 2014-234948 A JP 2013-216780 A JP 2019-45078 A JP 2018-115307 A Patent No. 4088933

As described above, according to the conventional technologies shown in the patent documents, it is possible to recover solid carbon that can be used as a raw material for high-performance materials such as activated carbon or carbon-based materials from waste composed of organic matter that is the source of carbon dioxide emissions, and it is possible to produce semi-carbonized solids with increased hydrocarbon density by efficiently drying and heating even waste with a high moisture content. However, these technologies have the following five problems.

First, the conventional technology does not describe the crushing or pulverization of waste, which is necessary when drying or semi-carbonizing or carbonizing large waste, and assumes that pre-crushed or crushed waste is input and transported for stirring and drying, and does not disclose any solutions to improve the efficiency of energy consumption involved in crushing and pulverization, which involves a large amount of energy consumption in the waste treatment process, and to reduce carbon dioxide emissions associated with energy consumption. In particular, when efficiently drying large waste with a high moisture content, or semi-carbonizing or carbonizing it, efficient crushing and drying of the waste can be achieved by crushing the waste early and heating and drying it at the same time to reduce the moisture content and make the waste easier to crush, but when the crushing process and the stirring and drying process are performed separately, there is also the problem that the equipment becomes large and a large installation area is required.

In addition, electric equipment such as motors and blowers are used in the processes of crushing, mixing, drying, and semi-carbonizing and carbonizing the waste. If the electricity used to operate this equipment is not derived from renewable energy sources, carbon dioxide is generated as the equipment operates, reducing the net carbon dioxide reduction effect and raising the issue of increased costs associated with electricity consumption.

Furthermore, even if the driving power of the equipment that makes up this technology is entirely covered by receiving electricity of renewable energy origin, it is not possible to directly use the rotational driving force or renewable energy heat obtained at the renewable energy generation site, which results in power generation losses when converting the rotational driving force obtained at the generation site into electricity and transmission losses when sending the obtained electricity to the consumption site, resulting in reduced energy efficiency. In addition, there is the issue that it is difficult to directly use the hot and cold energy derived from renewable energy.

On the other hand, geothermal and hydroelectric power generation areas, where electricity and heat from renewable energy sources can be obtained stably regardless of day or night or weather, are often located in mountainous regions where the transmission and distribution grid is not well developed or the capacity of the transmission and distribution lines is low. As a result, even if there are abundant renewable energy resources that can be used stably at all times, they cannot be used effectively or the amount that can be used is limited. No specific measures have been disclosed for using renewable energy in such areas for waste treatment or carbon dioxide reduction.

In addition, when drying organic waste with a high moisture content, such as food waste, fishery waste, and sewage sludge, a huge amount of energy is required to dehydrate and dry the waste by heating it and evaporating the water in it. In some cases, this cannot be met with just the heat obtained from the combustion gas of the pyrolysis gas obtained by the thermal decomposition of the organic waste. When fossil fuels are used as auxiliary fuels for drying the waste or for preheating before drying, carbon dioxide is generated as a result of the use of fossil fuels, which reduces the net carbon dioxide reduction effect and increases the costs associated with using fossil fuels.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a renewable energy-based carbon recovery method that can consistently and efficiently carry out all of these processes by directly or indirectly using rotational driving force obtained from renewable energy sources that can be used stably at all times, such as geothermal steam and hydropower, and the renewable energy heat contained in geothermal steam, for crushing, stirring and drying of organic matter, as well as for the semi-carbonization and carbonization processes, and to provide a renewable energy-based carbon recovery system that applies the technology of the invention.

The invention described in claim 1 is a crushing and drying device that crushes and dries organic matter and heats it to semi-carbonize it, comprising a housing having an input section into which the organic matter is input and an output section from which the semi-carbonized organic matter is output, and a rotating shaft rotatably arranged inside the housing, the housing having a double-shell structure comprising an inner shell in which a crushing heating plate is provided and an outer shell provided on the outside of the inner shell, a spiral flow path through which the organic matter passes from the input section to the output section is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, the spiral flow path is configured so that the flow path width gradually increases from the output section side to the input section side, and the rotating shaft is provided with a crushing and transport plate that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft to transport the organic matter.
The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that the crushing heating plate and the crushing transport plate are arranged so that the gap between them is larger toward the input section side in the spiral flow path and smaller toward the discharge section side.
The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that high-temperature steam is supplied from the discharge side of the spiral flow path and discharged from the input side, thereby heating the organic matter passing through the spiral flow path.
The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that the organic matter to be discharged has a final particle size of 5 mm or less and a moisture content of 15% or less.
The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that the amount of heat applied to the organic matter to be discharged is controlled so that the moisture content of the organic matter to be discharged is 15% or less.
The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that the organic matter is compressed in the range of 5 to 30 MPa and heated in the range of 100 to 450°C.
The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that the amount of heat applied to the organic matter is controlled so that the temperature of the organic matter is 100 to 450°C.
The invention described in claim 8 is a carbonization device that heats and carbonizes semi-carbonized organic matter, comprising a housing having an inlet for the semi-carbonized organic matter and an outlet for the heated carbonized material, and a rotating shaft rotatably arranged inside the housing, the housing having a double shell structure comprising an inner shell in which a compression heating plate is provided and an outer shell provided on the outside of the inner shell, a spiral flow path through which the semi-carbonized organic matter passes from the inlet to the outlet is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, the spiral flow path is configured so that the flow path width gradually increases from the outlet side to the inlet side, and the rotating shaft is provided with a compression conveying plate that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft to convey the semi-carbonized organic matter.
The invention described in claim 9 is characterized in that high-temperature steam is supplied from the outlet side of the spiral flow path and discharged from the inlet side, thereby heating the torrefied organic matter passing through the spiral flow path.
The invention described in claim 10 is characterized in that the semi-carbonized organic matter is heated in the range of 450 to 700°C.
The invention described in claim 11 is characterized in that the amount of heat applied to the semi-carbonized organic matter is controlled so that the temperature of the semi-carbonized organic matter is 450 to 700°C.
The invention described in claim 12 comprises a crushing and drying apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 3, a carbonization apparatus described in claim 8 or claim 9 for carbonizing organic matter semi-carbonized by the crushing and drying apparatus, and a cooling apparatus for cooling a product carbonized by the carbonization apparatus, wherein the cooling apparatus comprises a housing having an inlet for the product of the carbonization apparatus and an outlet for the product after cooling, and a rotating shaft rotatably arranged inside the housing, the housing having a double shell structure comprising an inner shell and an outer shell, a spiral flow path from the inlet to the outlet is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, the rotating shaft is provided with a compression conveying plate that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft to convey the product, and the product passing inside the inner shell is cooled by cooling water passing through the spiral flow path.
The invention described in claim 13 is characterized in that the cooling device cools the product of the carbonization device so that the temperature of the product is in the range of 15 to 85°C.
The invention described in claim 14 is characterized in that the amount of cooling of the product by the cooling device is controlled so that the temperature of the product of the carbonization device is in the range of 15 to 85°C.

According to the present invention, by directly or indirectly utilizing the rotational driving force, hot and cold energy, and electricity obtained from renewable energy sources that can be obtained stably at all times, such as geothermal steam and hydraulic power, for the crushing, drying, semi-carbonization, or carbonization of organic matter, it is possible to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels involved in the recovery of semi-carbonized solids and solid carbon originating from organic matter, and to recover semi-carbonized solids and solid carbon that can be easily transported and stored while suppressing carbon dioxide emissions, and to recover raw carbon that is necessary for producing carbon-based materials that can be used while fixing carbon for a long period of time.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a geothermal energy-utilizing carbon recovery system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a torrefied solid recovery system that utilizes hydraulic energy according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and is not limited to the present embodiment.

First Embodiment

First, a geothermal energy-utilizing carbon recovery system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, this system includes a steam separator 2 that separates geothermal fluid 1 into geothermal steam of about 100°C to 180°C and hot water of less than 100°C, a steam turbine 3 driven by the geothermal steam discharged from the steam separator, a crushing and drying device 6 having a rotating blade-shaped crushing plate fixed to the rotating shaft of the steam turbine via a transmission 4 and performing a crushing and drying process for input organic matter 5, a crushed and dried organic matter carbonization device 7 that heats and semi-carbonizes the organic matter crushed and dried in the crushing and drying device, and then further heats and carbonizes the semi-carbonized material produced, and a carbon cooling device 8 that cools the organic matter-derived carbon produced in the carbonization device, enabling it to be recovered at room temperature.

In addition, a steam turbine generator 9 that generates electricity using geothermal steam is connected to the rotating shaft of the geothermal steam turbine 3, and the electricity generated by this generator is supplied to an electric heater 10 installed at the outlet of the crushing and drying apparatus to ensure uniform heating and drying of the organic matter, and an electric heater 11 installed at the outlet of the carbonization apparatus to ensure uniform carbonization of the crushed and dried organic matter, as well as to a gas purifying device 12 such as an ozonizer that removes odorous components from the water vapor-containing gas generated from the organic matter when the organic matter is heated and dried, an exhaust blower 13 that forcibly exhausts the water vapor-containing gas to reduce the pressure inside the crushing and drying apparatus, and an air blower 15 that draws in air for burning the pyrolysis gas generated from the organic matter in the process of heating the organic matter to semi-carbonize and carbonize it, and sends the high-temperature combustion gas burned in the pyrolysis gas combustion device 14 to the carbonization apparatus.

Furthermore, the electricity obtained from the steam turbine generator 9 is also supplied to a cooling water circulation pump 16 that cools carbon in the carbon cooling device 8, an absorption chiller 17 that is driven by using the hot water separated in the steam separator 2 to obtain cold heat for the circulating cooling water, a cooling tower 18 that is ancillary equipment for the cooling chiller, and a circulation pump 19 for cooling water for the cooling tower. In addition, the electricity obtained from the steam turbine generator 9 is also supplied to a pump 20 that drains drain water generated during heat exchange for heating and drying from the steam after geothermal power generation that is supplied as a heat source for heating and drying organic matter in the crushing and drying device, a wastewater purification device 21 that purifies drain water generated during heat exchange using combustion gas that is supplied as a heat source for heating the crushed and dried organic matter in the carbonization device, a pump 22 that drains the purified drain water, and an operation control device 23 that adjusts the amount of power supplied to the electric heaters of the crushing and drying device and the carbonization device, and the temperature and flow rate of the cooling water circulated to the cooling device.

Of these, the crushing and drying device 6, which heats and dries the uncrushed organic matter 5 with a high moisture content while crushing and pulverizing it to produce a dry powder with a reduced moisture content, is configured in a manner similar to a multi-stage blade type compressor, consisting of a rotating shaft to which a crushing and conveying plate is fixed, which rotates inside the housing by the rotational driving force of a steam turbine driven by geothermal steam, and a housing to which a crushing and heating plate, which is heated by the high-temperature geothermal steam after driving the steam turbine, is fixed to the inner wall of the housing.

However, the housing of this device has a double shell structure, and outside the inner shell to which the crushing and heating plate is fixed, there is an outer shell housing whose outer surface is covered with a heat insulating material, and between this outer shell housing and the inner shell, a spiral flow path wall 24 is formed, and high-temperature geothermal steam after the steam turbine is driven flows through the spiral flow path and heats the crushing and heating plate by thermal conduction through the inner shell of the housing, thereby crushing and drying the organic matter. In addition, a steam extraction port 25 with a filter that allows only steam and gas generated from the organic matter to pass is installed in a part between the crushing and heating plates of the inner shell wall that constitutes the crushing and drying device, and the steam-containing gas generated when the organic matter is dried is extracted, collected, purified, and released into the atmosphere via the exhaust blower 13, and the pressure inside the crushing and drying device is reduced by the forced exhaust by the exhaust blower, facilitating the evaporation and drying of the organic matter.

In addition, the spiral flow path formed within the double shell structure of the housing is configured so that the flow path width gradually increases from the side closer to the outlet side of the crushing and drying device toward the inlet side, and it is desirable to configure the structure so that high-temperature geothermal steam is supplied from the spiral flow path on the outlet side of the crushing and drying device and discharged from the spiral flow path on the inlet side of the crushing and drying device, thereby maintaining a temperature difference between the organic matter inside the housing and the geothermal steam flowing through the spiral flow path, promoting evaporation of water in the organic matter, and by strengthening high-temperature heating on the outlet side of the crushing and drying device, the organic matter can be sufficiently heated and dried.

In addition, the moving blade-shaped crushing and conveying plates and stationary blade-shaped crushing and heating plates that make up this device are configured in multiple stages, with the gap on the upstream stage close to the organic matter input point being larger to make it easier to crush and dry large uncrushed organic matter, and then the gap gradually narrows toward the subsequent stage closer to the discharge point, so that the crushed and dried organic matter discharged in the final stage has dimensions of 5 mm or less and a moisture content of approximately 10%, and it is desirable that a sample collection port be provided near the discharge outlet in order to optimize and uniform the dimensions and moisture content of the crushed and dried material, and that the amount of geothermal steam supplied and the amount of power supplied to the electric heater 10 be controlled according to the sample measurement results.

In other words, when the moisture content of the crushed and dried organic matter is high, the speed of the rotating shaft to which the crushing and conveying plate is fixed is controlled by the transmission to reduce the transport speed of the organic matter and lengthen the residence time within the device, or the amount of geothermal steam supplied is increased, or the amount of heat supplied is increased through control to increase the amount of power supplied to the electric heater, thereby promoting heated drying. On the other hand, when the moisture content of the crushed and dried organic matter is low, the speed of the rotating shaft is increased to shorten the residence time of the organic matter within the device, or the amount of geothermal steam supplied is reduced, or the amount of heat supplied is reduced through control to reduce the amount of power supplied to the electric heater, thereby suppressing heated drying and maintaining the moisture content of the crushed and dried organic matter within an optimal range.

In addition, the carbonization device 7, which semi-carbonizes and then carbonizes the dry powder of the organic matter discharged from the crushing and drying device 6, is configured in a manner similar to a multi-stage blade compressor, with a compression and conveying rotating shaft to which a compression and conveying plate is fixed, which rotates inside a housing by the rotational driving force of a steam turbine driven by geothermal steam, and a housing to whose inner wall a compression heating plate is fixed, which is heated by combustion gas produced by burning pyrolysis gas generated when the organic matter is thermally decomposed.

Furthermore, the housing of this device also has a double shell structure, and outside the inner shell to which the compression heating plate is fixed, there is an outer shell housing whose outer surface is covered with insulating material, and a spiral flow path wall 26 is formed between this outer shell housing and the inner shell, so that the high-temperature combustion gas after combustion of the pyrolysis gas flows inside the spiral flow path and heats the compression heating plate by thermal conduction through the inner shell of the housing, compressing and heating the organic matter to generate semi-carbonized material, and the generated semi-carbonized material is further compressed and heated to carbonize it, and solid carbon powder of organic origin is discharged from the outlet of the carbonization device.

In addition, a pyrolysis gas extraction port 27 with a filter, through which only pyrolysis gas generated from organic matter can pass, is installed in a part of the inner wall between the compression heating plates within the casing that constitutes the carbonization device. The pyrolysis gas generated when the organic matter is semi-carbonized and carbonized is extracted and collected, and after being combusted with air sucked in by the intake blower that sucks in air and sends out combustion exhaust gas, the gas is circulated within the spiral flow path of the double shell structure of the casing. This heats up the inside of the carbonization device, and the organic matter is heated and compressed in an oxygen-free environment, thereby promoting the semi-carbonization and carbonization reactions.

Here, the spiral flow path formed within the double-shell structure of the housing of the carbonization device is configured so that the flow path width gradually increases from the side closer to the outlet side of the carbonization device toward the inlet side, and it is desirable to configure the combustion exhaust gas to be supplied from the spiral flow path on the outlet side of the carbonization device and discharged from the spiral flow path on the inlet side of the crushing and drying device, thereby maintaining a temperature difference between the organic matter inside the housing and the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the spiral flow path to promote semi-carbonization and carbonization of the organic matter, and by strengthening high-temperature heating on the outlet side of the carbonization device, the semi-carbonized matter can be sufficiently heated and carbonized.

Furthermore, the moving blade-like compression conveying plate and stationary blade-like compression heating plate that constitute this device are configured in multiple stages, and it is desirable to uniformize the quality of the carbon finally discharged by reacting the crushed and dried organic matter semi-carbonized and carbonized in a stepwise and reliable manner. For this reason, it is desirable to provide a sample collection port for the generated carbon near the discharge port of the carbonization device, and to control the amount of combustion gas supplied and the amount of power supplied to the electric heater 11 according to the measurement results of the sample.

In other words, when the purity of the recovered carbon is low, the transmission is controlled to reduce the rotation speed of the compression and conveying rotating shaft to extend the residence time within the device, or to increase the amount of combustion gas supplied, or to increase the amount of power supplied to the electric heater, or both, thereby increasing the amount of heat supplied for semi-carbonization and carbonization of the crushed and dried organic matter. On the other hand, when the purity of the recovered carbon is in an excessive state exceeding the standard, it is desirable to maintain the quality of the recovered carbon at an optimum level by increasing the rotation speed of the compression and conveying rotating shaft to shorten the residence time within the device, or to reduce the amount of combustion gas supplied, or to reduce the amount of power supplied to the electric heater, or both, thereby decreasing the amount of heat supplied for semi-carbonization and carbonization.

Next, the high-temperature carbon powder discharged from the carbonization device 7 is transported to a carbon cooling device 8, which is a double-shelled housing that houses a compression and conveying rotating shaft to which a compression and conveying plate is fixed, which rotates inside the housing by the rotational driving force of a steam turbine driven by geothermal steam, and has a flow path through which cooling water flows to cool the high-temperature carbonized material.

The housing of this device also has a double-shell structure, with a spiral channel wall formed between the outer and inner shells. Cooling water flows inside the spiral channel, and the carbon compressed and transported inside is cooled by thermal conduction through the inner shell of the housing. As a result, solid carbon powder 28 of organic origin that does not easily generate heat or ignite even when in contact with oxygen in the air can be recovered from the outlet of the carbon cooling device.

Here, the cooling water used by this device to cool the high-temperature carbide is 10 to 15°C cooling water obtained by an absorption chiller 17 driven by high-temperature hot water obtained when geothermal steam is separated into steam and liquid. This is circulated and used to cool the high-temperature carbon using geothermal energy.

In this way, the geothermal energy-utilizing carbon recovery system of the present invention utilizes geothermal steam, which allows for stable energy use regardless of day or night or weather, making it possible to continuously recover homogeneous solid carbon even from uncrushed organic matter with a high moisture content.This can be used to fix carbon, which is a source of carbon dioxide emissions, or as a raw material for high-performance materials.

This system also recovers carbon, which is a source of carbon dioxide, from organic matter of fossil fuel origin such as waste plastic, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions from incineration. However, if biomass organic matter such as pruned branches of plants, food waste, inedible parts of agricultural and marine products, and sewage sludge is input, the carbon can be recovered, and then immobilized by burying it underground, making it possible to achieve negative emissions that reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere via biomass.

With the above configuration, by making multi-stage use of geothermal steam, a renewable energy source that does not involve carbon dioxide emissions, it is possible to efficiently recover carbon from organic matter using small-scale equipment. Even in locations where there is abundant geothermal steam but it is not possible to connect to the power grid or supply heat, it is possible to fix and utilize carbon by effectively using geothermal steam.
Second Embodiment

Next, a hydraulic energy-utilizing torrefied solid recovery system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in Figure 2, the system of the second embodiment differs in that it uses hydropower from a river or the like with a drop in height as renewable energy for carbon recovery, and that it crushes, dries and semi-carbonizes organic matter, and then compresses and cools it to produce and recover semi-carbonized solid matter 29.

Here, the difference in using hydraulic power to semi-carbonize the organic matter is that while a rotating crushing plate driven by a water wheel 30 is rotated, the organic matter is heated and dried using an electric heater 32 covered on the surface of the housing of the crushing, drying and semi-carbonization device using electricity obtained from a hydraulic power generation system 31, and then the organic matter is compressed and heated to approximately 110 to 200°C to semi-carbonize it while undergoing compression molding.

Another difference is that a semi-carbonized solid production device 33 is connected, which cools the compressed and molded high-temperature semi-carbonized solid using cooling water and recovers it as a semi-carbonized solid that can be stored for a long period of time.

Another difference is that in the cooling of the high-temperature semi-carbonized solids in the semi-carbonized solids manufacturing equipment, river water after hydroelectric power generation is pumped up and supplied by a cooling water pump 34, and the cold energy contained in the water used to drive the water turbine and generate hydroelectric power is also used to cool the semi-carbonized material produced.

With this configuration, it will be possible to capture, fix, and effectively utilize carbon, which is the source of carbon dioxide, from organic matter, even in areas that lack geothermal resources but are blessed with hydroelectric resources.

As described above, by using geothermal and hydroelectric energy distributed in the region to recover carbon contained in organic matter, which is the source material of carbon dioxide emissions, as solid carbon or semi-carbonized solids, it is possible to provide a carbon feedstock for the manufacture of carbon-based materials with low environmental impact while fixing carbon dioxide source materials for the long term by using solid carbon that can be transported and fixed more easily than carbon dioxide gas fixation, and to fix carbon dioxide source materials in the form of solid carbon that can be transported and fixed more easily than carbon dioxide gas fixation. This system can also be applied in places where it is difficult to connect to the power grid or provide heat, even if there are renewable energy resources, and it can be used to recover carbon from organic matter continuously even if the power grid is blacked out, making it possible to recover and fix carbon from organic matter in a wide area.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be applied not only to areas where geothermal steam is generated, but also to areas where high-temperature hot springs gush out, in a form that utilizes electricity generated by hot spring thermal power generation and the heat contained in high-temperature hot springs. The embodiment of FIG. 2 is not limited to the use of rivers with a difference in elevation, but can also be applied to carbon recovery by treating organic waste at places where hydroelectric electricity and heat can be obtained from the elevation and flow rate at water supply facilities, and to drying and carbonizing sewage sludge generated within facilities at places where hydroelectric electricity and heat can be obtained from the elevation and flow rate at sewage treatment facilities. It can also be applied in areas where electricity can be generated and seawater can be cooled by stable ocean currents and tidal currents.

As such, the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative, and anything that has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and exhibits similar effects is included within the technical scope of the present invention.

1. Geothermal fluid 2. Steam separator 3. Steam turbine 4. Transmission 5. Uncrushed high moisture content organic matter 6. Organic matter crushing and drying device 7. Crushed and dried organic matter carbonization device 8. Carbon cooling device 9. Steam turbine generator 10. Electric heater for organic matter crushing and drying device 11. Electric heater for crushed and dried organic matter carbonization device 12. Steam-containing gas purification device 13. Steam-containing gas exhaust blower 14. Pyrolysis gas combustion device 15. Air blower for pyrolysis gas combustion 16. Cooling water circulation pump 17. Absorption chiller 1 8...Cooling tower 19...Cooling tower circulation pump 20...Geothermal steam drain water drainage pump 21...Combustion gas drain water purification device 22...Combustion gas drain water drainage pump 23...Organic matter carbonization and recovery system control device 24...Geothermal steam spiral passage 25...Steam extraction port 26...Combustion exhaust gas spiral passage 27...Pyrolysis gas extraction port 28...Solid carbon powder 29...Semi-carbonized solids 30...Water wheel 31...Hydroelectric power generation system 32...Electric heater for organic matter crushing, drying and semi-carbonization device 33...Semi-carbonized solids production device 34...Cooling water pumping pump

Claims (14)

A crushing and drying device that crushes and dries organic matter and heats it to carbonize it,
a housing having an input section into which organic matter is input and an output section from which the semi-carbonized organic matter is output;
A rotating shaft rotatably provided inside the housing,
The housing includes:
an inner shell provided with a crushing heating plate;
An outer shell provided on the outside of the inner shell,
A spiral flow path through which the organic matter passes from the input portion to the discharge portion is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell,
The spiral flow path is configured such that a flow path width gradually increases from the discharge portion side to the input portion side,
The crushing and drying apparatus is characterized in that the rotating shaft is provided with a crushing and conveying plate that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft to convey the organic matter. The crushing and drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing and heating plate and the crushing and conveying plate are arranged so that a gap between them is larger toward the input section side in the spiral flow path and smaller toward the discharge section side. 2. The crushing and drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that high-temperature steam is supplied from the discharge portion side of the spiral flow path and discharged from the input portion side, thereby heating the organic matter passing through the spiral flow path. 2. The crushing and drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the organic matter to be discharged has a final particle size of 5 mm or less and a moisture content of 15% or less. 2. The crushing and drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of heat applied to the organic matter to be discharged is controlled so that the moisture content of the organic matter to be discharged is 15% or less. 2. The crushing and drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the organic matter is compressed in a range of 5 to 30 MPa and heated in a range of 100 to 450°C. 2. The crushing and drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of heat applied to the organic matter is controlled so that the temperature of the organic matter is 100 to 450° C. A carbonization device for heating and carbonizing semi-carbonized organic matter,
a housing having an inlet for the torrefied organic matter and an outlet for the heated carbonized matter;
A rotating shaft rotatably provided inside the housing,
The housing includes:
an inner shell provided with a compression heating plate;
An outer shell provided on the outside of the inner shell,
A spiral flow path is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, through which the torrefied organic matter passes from the inlet to the outlet,
The spiral flow path is configured such that a flow path width gradually increases from the outlet side to the inlet side,
A carbonization apparatus, characterized in that the rotating shaft is provided with a compression and conveying plate that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft to convey the semi-carbonized organic matter. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that high-temperature steam is supplied from the outlet side of the spiral flow path and discharged from the inlet side, thereby heating the torrefied organic matter passing through the spiral flow path. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the semi-carbonized organic matter is heated at a temperature in the range of 450 to 700°C . The carbonization apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the amount of heat applied to the semi-carbonized organic matter is controlled so that the temperature of the semi-carbonized organic matter is 450 to 700°C. A crushing and drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A carbonization apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, which carbonizes the organic matter semi-carbonized by the crushing and drying apparatus;
A cooling device that cools the product carbonized by the carbonization device,
The cooling device includes:
a housing having an inlet for the product of the carbonizer and an outlet for the product after cooling;
A rotating shaft rotatably provided inside the housing,
The housing includes:
It has a double shell structure with an inner shell and an outer shell,
A spiral flow path is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell from the inlet to the outlet,
The rotating shaft is provided with a compression conveying plate that rotates with the rotation of the rotating shaft to convey the product,
A system comprising: a spiral passage through which cooling water passes to cool the product passing through the interior of the inner shell. The system of claim 12, wherein the cooling device cools the product of the carbonizer to a temperature in the range of 15 to 85°C. The system according to claim 12, characterized in that the amount of cooling applied to the product by the cooling device is controlled so that the temperature of the product of the carbonization device is in the range of 15 to 85°C.