JP7586754B2

JP7586754B2 - Room pressure control device and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: JP7586754B2
Application number: JP2021058985A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 隼一松本
Original assignee: Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sanki Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-31
Filing date: 2021-03-31
Publication date: 2024-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-31
Also published as: JP2022155649A

Description

この発明は、室内空気圧の制御を行うクリーンルーム等の各種換気対象室に設ける室圧制御装置とその制御方法に関する。 This invention relates to a room pressure control device and control method for use in various rooms that require ventilation, such as clean rooms, that controls indoor air pressure.

従来、工業用クリーンルームやバイオクリーンルーム等の室圧制御を要する換気対象室として、空調機の給気ファンから供給される給気を搬送する給気風路には、内蔵する風量センサによる検出風量を指示された風量に維持するように自動操作する定風量装置（ＣＡＶ）が設置されて定風量が換気対象室へ供給され、また、排気ファンに接続された排気風路として強制換気風路が設けられ、強制換気風路には、給排気量収支を調整するためのダンパ（ＰＣＤ：プレッシャコントロールダンパ）が設けられている。換気対象室には室圧センサ（微差圧センサ）が設けられ、室圧センサによる室圧検出（基準点と室内圧との差圧値の検出）に基づいて、検出室圧を設定値に維持するようにダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度を制御する。 Conventionally, in ventilated rooms requiring pressure control, such as industrial clean rooms and bio-clean rooms, a constant air volume device (CAV) that automatically operates to maintain the air volume detected by a built-in air volume sensor at a specified air volume is installed in the supply air duct that transports the supply air supplied from the air conditioner's supply fan, and a constant air volume is supplied to the ventilated room. In addition, a forced ventilation duct is provided as an exhaust duct connected to the exhaust fan, and a damper (PCD: pressure control damper) is provided in the forced ventilation duct to adjust the balance of supply and exhaust volume. A room pressure sensor (micro-differential pressure sensor) is installed in the ventilated room, and the opening of the damper (PCD) is controlled to maintain the detected room pressure at a set value based on the room pressure detection by the room pressure sensor (detection of the pressure difference between a reference point and the room pressure).

ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）は、大きく変化する通風量によらず、室圧をダンパ羽根による動作にて制御する必要がある。ところが、ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）には、開度変更に対して通風量が非比例的に変化する特性がある。換気対象室に局所排気の風量変化により強制換気風路の大きな風量変動が生じると、ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度が大きく変更されることとなるが、それに伴い、ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の、給排気量収支の調整特性（ダンパ開度変更に対する通風量の変化率）が大きく変化する。ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の、給排気量収支の調整特性（ダンパ開度変更に対する通風量の変化率）が大きく変化すると、ダンパの羽根とダンパケーシングとの隙間が変化し、微小羽根開度では隙間のわずかな変化で通風抵抗が大きく変化して風量が大きく変化することとなり、最大羽根開度では羽根が少し変化しても通風抵抗がほとんど変化せず、風量がほとんど変化しないこととなる。このため、微小羽根開度や最大羽根開度近傍でのハンチングや応答性低下の要因となり、微小羽根開度や最大羽根開度近傍に対する制御が不安定となる。 The damper (PCD) must control the room pressure by the operation of the damper blades, regardless of the greatly changing ventilation volume. However, the damper (PCD) has a characteristic that the ventilation volume changes non-proportionally to the change in the opening degree. When a large fluctuation in the forced ventilation air duct occurs due to a change in the local exhaust air volume in the ventilation target room, the opening degree of the damper (PCD) will be changed significantly, and accordingly, the damper (PCD)'s adjustment characteristic of the intake and exhaust volume balance (the rate of change in the ventilation volume with respect to the change in the damper opening degree) will change significantly. When the damper (PCD)'s adjustment characteristic of the intake and exhaust volume balance (the rate of change in the ventilation volume with respect to the change in the damper opening degree) changes significantly, the gap between the damper blades and the damper casing changes, and at a small blade opening degree, a small change in the gap will cause a large change in the ventilation resistance and a large change in the air volume, and at the maximum blade opening degree, even if the blades change slightly, there will be almost no change in the ventilation resistance and there will be almost no change in the air volume. This causes hunting and reduced responsiveness at small blade openings and near maximum blade openings, making control at small blade openings and near maximum blade openings unstable.

一方、ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）にはこのようなことが発生しない応答特性の良好な開度領域が存在する。例えば、圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）１台で圧力制御しながら風量制御も行うと、局所排気装置による風量変化により、応答特性の良好な開度領域の範囲を逸脱してしまうことがある。なお、このような用途で使用される圧力制御ダンパであるダンパ（ＰＣＤ）は、単に手動で風量調整するボリュームダンパ（ＶＤ）にモータを付けたモータダンパ（ＭＤ）などと異なり、微差圧への高速追従性などの性能獲得のため非常に高価であり、大小のダンパ（ＰＣＤ）をそれぞれの圧力センサでの動作計装系を保有すると、大幅にコストが掛かってしまう。 On the other hand, dampers (PCDs) have an opening range with good response characteristics where this does not occur. For example, if a single pressure-controlled damper (PCD) is used to control both pressure and air volume, changes in air volume caused by the local exhaust system may cause the opening range to deviate from the range with good response characteristics. Note that pressure-controlled dampers (PCDs) used for this purpose differ from motor dampers (MDs), which are volume dampers (VDs) that simply manually adjust the air volume and have a motor attached to them, in that they are very expensive due to the need to acquire performance such as high-speed response to minute pressure differences, and it would be significantly more expensive to have operational instrumentation systems with pressure sensors for both large and small dampers (PCDs).

この問題を解決するため、ダンパの開度をあまり大きく変化しない範囲に維持するように室圧の基本的調整を行うことが考えられる。例えば、特許文献１に開示されている空調装置は、検出室圧に基づいて開度制御される第１バルブを介装した給気をするための分岐導風管に並べて、２本目の導風管に、給気通風量を調整する第２バルブを第１バルブに並列接続させて介装し、室圧センサによる検出室圧に基づいて、第１バルブを閉じたらそのあとに第２バルブを閉じるというシリーズ（直列動作）動作をする装置を有する室圧制御システムである。 To solve this problem, it is conceivable to make basic adjustments to the room pressure so as to maintain the damper opening within a range where it does not change too much. For example, the air conditioning device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a room pressure control system having a device that operates in series (serial operation) by closing the first valve and then closing the second valve based on the room pressure detected by the room pressure sensor, in which a branch air guide duct for supplying air is installed with a first valve whose opening is controlled based on the detected room pressure, and a second valve that adjusts the supply air flow rate is installed in a second air guide duct connected in parallel to the first valve.

特公平０６－０９２８３５号公報Special Publication No. 06-092835

上記特許文献１の室圧制御システムは、制御特性が異なる２つのダンパを、各々の給気通路に並列に２か所に設けているだけであるので、通風量の微調整や、大風量時の調整が適切ではないものである。 The room pressure control system in Patent Document 1 above simply has two dampers with different control characteristics installed in parallel in two locations in each air supply passage, so it is not suitable for fine adjustment of the ventilation volume or adjustment when there is a large air volume.

この発明は、上記背景技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、風量の制御範囲が広く微小風量から風量の正確な制御が可能であり、コストも安価な室圧制御装置とその制御方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems in the background art described above, and aims to provide a room pressure control device and a control method thereof which have a wide range of air volume control, are capable of accurate control of air volume from small air volumes, and are inexpensive.

本発明は、換気対象室に対して一定の吸排気を行う室圧制御装置であって、前記換気対象室に対して給気を行う給気風路に備わる定風量ユニットと、前記換気対象室に接続された排気を行う排気風路とを備え、前記排気風路の途中に設けられ、給排気量収支を調整するための圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）と、前記換気対象室の室内に設けられた室圧センサと、室外に設けられた外気圧センサと、前記室圧センサと前記外気圧センサとの差圧信号に基づいて、検出室圧を設定値に維持するように前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度を制御する圧力制御ダンパ制御部とを備え、前記排気風路の前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）と並列に前記排気風路に接続されたバイパス通路と、前記バイパス通路に設けられたモータダンパと、前記モータダンパの開度を制御するモータダンパ制御部とを備え、
前記モータダンパ制御部は、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度に基づいて、前記モータダンパの開度を制御するにあたり、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度が応答特性の良好な開度領域である開度割合が２０～７０％の開度の間では、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）と前記モータダンパの風量比が１：１になるように、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度と前記モータダンパの開度との間に比率（レシオ）設定し比例制御としてダンパ開度を制御し、前記モータダンパ制御部は、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の応答特性の良好な開度領域を超える開度割合７０％以上では、前記モータダンパの開度を一定に維持し、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度の制御を行い、前記圧力制御ダンパの（ＰＣＤ）開度が応答特性の良好な開度領域を下回る開度割合２０％以下では、前記モータダンパを閉じた状態に維持し、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度の制御を行う室圧制御装置である。 The present invention is a room pressure control device that performs constant intake and exhaust for a room to be ventilated, comprising a constant air volume unit provided in an intake air duct that supplies air to the room to be ventilated, and an exhaust air duct connected to the room to be ventilated and that performs exhaust, a pressure control damper (PCD) provided in the exhaust air duct for adjusting the intake and exhaust volume balance, a room pressure sensor provided inside the room to be ventilated, an outside air pressure sensor provided outside the room, and a pressure control damper control unit that controls the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) so as to maintain a detected room pressure at a set value based on a differential pressure signal between the room pressure sensor and the outside air pressure sensor, a bypass passage connected to the exhaust air duct in parallel with the pressure control damper (PCD) of the exhaust air duct, a motor damper provided in the bypass passage, and a motor damper control unit that controls the opening degree of the motor damper,
The motor damper control unit, when controlling the opening degree of the motor damper based on the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD), sets a ratio between the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the opening degree of the motor damper and controls the damper opening as proportional control so that the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the motor damper becomes 1:1 when the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) is between an opening degree rate of 20% to 70%, which is an opening degree region with good response characteristics, and the motor damper control unit maintains the opening degree of the motor damper constant and controls the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) when the opening degree rate is 70% or more, which exceeds the opening degree region with good response characteristics, and controls the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) when the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) is below the opening degree region with good response characteristics. %, the room pressure control device maintains the motor damper in a closed state and controls the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) .

また本発明は、換気対象室に対して一定の吸排気を行う室圧制御装置の制御方法であって、前記換気対象室に対して給気を行う給気風路に備わる定風量ユニットと、前記換気対象室に接続された排気を行う排気風路とを備え、前記換気対象室の排気風路の途中に、給排気量収支を調整する圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）を設け、前記換気対象室の室内に設けられた室圧センサと、室外に設けられた外気圧センサの差圧信号に基づいて、検出室圧を設定値に維持するように前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度を制御するとともに、前記排気風路の前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）と並列に前記排気風路に接続されたバイパス通路を設け、前記バイパス通路に設けられたモータダンパの開度を、前記圧力制御ダンパの開度に基づいて制御するにあたり、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度が応答特性の良好な開度領域である開度割合が２０～７０％の開度の間では、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）と前記モータダンパの風量比が１：１になるように、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度と前記モータダンパの開度との間に比率（レシオ）設定し比例制御としてダンパ開度を制御し、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の応答特性の良好な開度領域を超える開度割合７０％以上では、前記モータダンパの開度を一定に維持し、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度の制御を行いし、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度が応答特性の良好な開度領域を下回る開度割合２０％以下では、前記モータダンパを閉じた状態に維持し、前記圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）の開度の制御を行う室圧制御装置の制御方法である。 The present invention also relates to a method for controlling a room pressure control device which performs constant intake and exhaust for a target room for ventilation, comprising: a constant air volume unit provided in an intake air duct which supplies air to the target room for ventilation; and an exhaust air duct connected to the target room for exhaust; a pressure controlled damper (PCD) for adjusting the balance of intake and exhaust volume is provided midway in the exhaust air duct of the target room for ventilation; the opening degree of the pressure controlled damper (PCD) is controlled so as to maintain a detected room pressure at a set value based on a differential pressure signal between a room pressure sensor provided inside the target room for ventilation and an external air pressure sensor provided outside the room; and a bypass passage connected to the exhaust air duct in parallel with the pressure controlled damper (PCD) of the exhaust air duct is provided; and when the opening degree of a motor damper provided in the bypass passage is controlled based on the opening degree of the pressure controlled damper, This is a control method for a room pressure control device, in which when the opening of the force control damper (PCD) is between an opening rate of 20 to 70% , which is an opening rate region with good response characteristics, a ratio is set between the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the opening of the motor damper and the damper opening is controlled as proportional control so that the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the motor damper becomes 1 :1 , when the opening rate is 70% or more, which exceeds the opening rate region with good response characteristics of the pressure control damper (PCD), the opening of the motor damper is maintained constant and the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) is controlled, and when the opening rate is 20% or less, which is below the opening rate region with good response characteristics, the motor damper is maintained in a closed state and the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) is controlled .

本発明の室圧制御装置とその制御方法によれば、正確な室圧制御が可能であり、一台の圧力制御ダンパの適正な可変制御範囲を超えて室圧制御する場合でも、圧力制御ダンパに並列に設けられたモータダンパを、圧力制御ダンパの開度により制御することで、室内圧及び通風量の制御を良好に保つことができる。特に、非常に安価なモータダンパを用いて制御を行い、高価な圧力制御ダンパを、大風量用と小風量用の２台用いることなく、１台の圧力制御ダンパで広範囲に風量を効率よく調整することができ、装置全体としてのコストも安価にすることができる。 According to the room pressure control device and the control method of the present invention, accurate room pressure control is possible, and even when controlling room pressure beyond the appropriate variable control range of a single pressure control damper, good control of the room pressure and ventilation volume can be maintained by controlling the motor damper installed in parallel to the pressure control damper by the opening degree of the pressure control damper. In particular, control is performed using a very inexpensive motor damper, and the air volume can be efficiently adjusted over a wide range with a single pressure control damper without using two expensive pressure control dampers, one for large air volume and one for small air volume, and the cost of the entire device can also be reduced.

この発明の一実施形態の室圧制御装置の概略図である。1 is a schematic diagram of a room pressure control device according to one embodiment of the present invention. この実施形態の室圧制御装置の処理の流れを示す概念図である。4 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of processing of the room pressure control device of this embodiment. FIG.

以下、この発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。図１はこの発明の一実施形態の室圧制御装置１０を示すものである。室圧制御装置１０は、非定常で室内からの排気量が可変制御される換気対象室１４に設けられ、給気風路１３に備わる定風量ユニット（ＣＡＶ）１２により換気対象室１４に対して、外気（ＯＡ）を温度調節した空調機（ＡＨＵ）１１から一定量の給気（ＳＡ）を行なうとともに、室内からの排気量を可変制御するものである。 The following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows a room pressure control device 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The room pressure control device 10 is installed in a ventilation target room 14 in which the amount of exhaust air from the room is variably controlled in a non-steady state, and supplies a constant amount of supply air (SA) from an air conditioner (AHU) 11 that adjusts the temperature of outside air (OA) to the ventilation target room 14 using a constant air volume unit (CAV) 12 provided in the supply air duct 13, while variably controlling the amount of exhaust air from the room.

換気対象室１４には、排気ファン（ＥＦ）１６により排気（ＥＡ）される排気風路１８が接続されている。排気風路１８の途中には、換気対象室１４と排気ファン１６の間に、給排気量収支を調整するための圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）２０が設けられている。換気対象室１４の室内には室圧センサ２２が設けられ、室外には外気圧センサ２３が設けられている。そして、室圧センサ２２と外気圧センサ２３との差圧信号に基づいて、検出室圧を設定値に維持するように圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度が制御される。圧力制御ダンパ２０単体の動作特性では、開度変更に対して通風量が非比例的に変化する特性があり、小開度域では圧力制御ダンパ最小動作あたりの可変風量値は大きく、大開度域では可変風量値は小さい。一般的に圧力制御ダンパ２０の制御性が良い開度領域は、２０％～７０％である。 The ventilation target room 14 is connected to an exhaust air duct 18 through which air is exhausted (EA) by an exhaust fan (EF) 16. A pressure control damper (PCD) 20 is provided between the ventilation target room 14 and the exhaust fan 16 in the middle of the exhaust air duct 18 to adjust the balance of intake and exhaust air volume. A room pressure sensor 22 is provided inside the ventilation target room 14, and an outside air pressure sensor 23 is provided outside the room. Based on the differential pressure signal between the room pressure sensor 22 and the outside air pressure sensor 23, the opening of the pressure control damper 20 is controlled so that the detected room pressure is maintained at a set value. The operating characteristics of the pressure control damper 20 alone are such that the ventilation volume changes non-proportionally with respect to the change in opening degree, and the variable air volume value per minimum operation of the pressure control damper is large in the small opening degree range, and the variable air volume value is small in the large opening degree range. In general, the opening degree range in which the pressure control damper 20 has good controllability is 20% to 70%.

排気風路１８には、圧力制御ダンパ２０に並列に、バイパス風路２４が設けられ、バイパス風路２４にモータダンパ（ＭＤ）２６が設置されている。モータダンパ２６は圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度に基づいて制御される。圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度は、応答特性の良好な開度領域である所定の開度（上記２０％～７０％）の間では、圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６の風量比が概ね１：１になるように、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度とモータダンパ２６の開度との間に比率（レシオ）設定し比例制御する。 In the exhaust air passage 18, a bypass air passage 24 is provided in parallel with the pressure control damper 20, and a motor damper (MD) 26 is installed in the bypass air passage 24. The motor damper 26 is controlled based on the opening degree of the pressure control damper 20. The opening degree of the pressure control damper 20 is proportionally controlled by setting a ratio between the opening degree of the pressure control damper 20 and the opening degree of the motor damper 26 so that the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26 is approximately 1:1 within a predetermined opening degree (the above 20% to 70%), which is an opening degree region with good response characteristics.

換気対象室１４には、給気量を決定して一定量送風するための定風量ユニット（ＣＡＶ）１２を介して送られる給気（ＳＡ）（例えば１５４００ｍ^３／ｈ）のうち、空調機（ＡＨＵ）１１の温度制御性をよくするためなどで、排気の一部を還気（ＲＡ）として空調機（ＡＨＵ）１１に戻すための還気風路３６が設けられている。還気風路３６は、定風量ユニット（ＣＡＶ）３４を途中に設置して、一定風量の還気（ＲＡ）を定風量ユニット１２の上流側へ戻す。また、風量が可変する局所排気風路３８が複数系統設けられている。 The ventilation target room 14 is provided with a return air duct 36 for returning a portion of the exhaust air (SA) (e.g., 15,400 ^m3 /h) to the air conditioner (AHU) 11 as return air (RA) to improve the temperature controllability of the air conditioner (AHU) 11, out of the supply air (SA) (e.g., 15,400 m3/h) sent via a constant air volume unit (CAV) 12 for determining the supply air volume and blowing a constant volume of air. The return air duct 36 has a constant air volume unit (CAV) 34 installed midway, and returns a constant volume of return air (RA) to the upstream side of the constant air volume unit 12. In addition, multiple local exhaust air ducts 38 with variable air volume are provided.

さらに、室圧センサ２２と外気圧センサ２３との差圧信号に基づいて、検出室圧を設定値に維持するように圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度を制御する圧力制御ダンパ制御部であるＰＣＤ制御部２８が設けられている。ＰＣＤ制御部２８は、圧力制御ダンパ２０の制御オプションとして、ダンパ開度割合を例えば４～２０ｍＡの電流値に割り当てた、圧力制御ダンパ２０と同じ開度としてのアナログ信号を外部へ出力する。 In addition, a PCD control unit 28 is provided, which is a pressure control damper control unit that controls the opening of the pressure control damper 20 so as to maintain the detected chamber pressure at a set value based on the differential pressure signal between the chamber pressure sensor 22 and the external air pressure sensor 23. As a control option for the pressure control damper 20, the PCD control unit 28 outputs an analog signal to the outside as the same opening as the pressure control damper 20, with the damper opening ratio assigned to a current value of, for example, 4 to 20 mA.

また、この実施形態の室内気圧制御装置１０は、入力信号の移動平均演算及びモータダンパ用レシオ・バイアス設定を行うモータダンパ制御部である調節器３０が設けられている。さらに、モータダンパ２６の風量特性補正用、もしくは圧力制御ダンパ２０側の風量特性協調用、及びリニアライズ演算を行うモータダンパ制御部としての演算器３２が設けられている。これにより、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度信号を、調節器３０と演算器３２で、入力値の移動平均演算処理、出力信号のレシオ・バイアス設定、リニアライズ演算処理を行い、モータダンパ２６への制御信号としている。 The indoor air pressure control device 10 of this embodiment is also provided with an adjuster 30, which is a motor damper control unit that performs moving average calculations of the input signal and ratio/bias settings for the motor damper. In addition, a calculator 32 is provided as a motor damper control unit that performs air volume characteristic correction for the motor damper 26, or air volume characteristic coordination on the pressure control damper 20 side, and linearization calculations. As a result, the opening signal of the pressure control damper 20 is processed by the adjuster 30 and calculator 32 to perform moving average calculation processing of the input value, ratio/bias setting of the output signal, and linearization calculation processing, and is used as a control signal for the motor damper 26.

次に、圧力制御ダンパ２０の本体制御にアドオンするモータダンパ２６の制御について、図２に基づいて説明する。先ず、換気対象室１４の室内に設けられた室圧センサ２２と、室外に設けられた外気圧センサ２３からの各圧力信号が入力したＰＣＤ制御部２８は、各圧力信号による差圧及び圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度信号ｓ１を、差圧との偏差に応じてパルス状のデジタル信号にして圧力制御ダンパ２０へ出力する。 Next, the control of the motor damper 26, which is added to the main body control of the pressure control damper 20, will be explained with reference to FIG. 2. First, the PCD control unit 28 receives pressure signals from the room pressure sensor 22 installed inside the ventilation target room 14 and the external air pressure sensor 23 installed outside the room, and converts the pressure difference due to each pressure signal and the opening degree signal s1 of the pressure control damper 20 into a pulse-shaped digital signal according to the deviation from the differential pressure, and outputs it to the pressure control damper 20.

ＰＣＤ制御部２８は、オプションとして同じ開度信号を、４～２０ｍＡのアナログ信号ｓ２として、モータダンパ２６の制御の演算を行う調節器３０へ出力する。但し、元の圧力制御ダンパ２０への出力がパルス所のデジタル信号を４～２０ｍＡのアナログ信号ｓ２としているだけなので、出力された信号ｓ２はステップ状の信号であり、調節器３０により、平均化処理、例えば移動平均演算処理を行うことで、連続した傾きを変化させる連続した曲線に変換することができる。移動平均演算処理のサンプリング周期Ｈは１秒、サンプリング数Ｎは３０であり、ＰＣＤ制御部２８からオプションで出力された階段状のアナログ開度信号ｓ２（４～２０ｍＡ）を連続した線として出力する。ここでは、１秒に３０パルスで出てくるパルス状出力を、平均化して連続した直線にする処理を行っている。 The PCD control unit 28 optionally outputs the same opening signal as a 4-20 mA analog signal s2 to the regulator 30, which performs calculations to control the motor damper 26. However, since the original output to the pressure control damper 20 is simply a digital signal of the pulse station converted into a 4-20 mA analog signal s2, the output signal s2 is a step-like signal, and can be converted into a continuous curve with a continuously changing slope by averaging processing, for example, moving average calculation processing, by the regulator 30. The sampling period H of the moving average calculation processing is 1 second, the number of samples N is 30, and the step-like analog opening signal s2 (4-20 mA) optionally output from the PCD control unit 28 is output as a continuous line. Here, the pulse-like output that comes out at 30 pulses per second is averaged to make it into a continuous straight line.

さらに、調節器３０では、モータダンパ２６用のレシオ・バイアス設定を行う。図２のレシオ・バイアス設定図では、横軸は、ＰＣＤ制御部２８からの出力信号ｓ２（アナログ開度信号ｓ２が４～２０ｍＡ）を０～１００％に割り当て、縦軸は、モータダンパ２６の開度である。モータダンパ２６の制御は、小風量時である横軸の０～２０％（アナログ開度信号ｓ２が０～７．２ｍＡ）の間では、縦軸が０％とする。つまり、小風量時には、圧力制御ダンパ２０のみで風量を制御する。そして風量が２０％（７．２ｍＡ）から大風量（例えば７０％）に至るまでは、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度に応じて、圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６の風量比率を概ね１：１（好ましくは５０：５０）を目標として比例動作を行う。モータダンパ２６は、開度１００％に近くなると、大きな開度変化であまり風量が変わらなくなるので、モータダンパ２６制御は、大風量時である横軸７０％～１００％（アナログ開度信号ｓ２が１６．８～２０ｍＡ）の間では、一定とする。例えば７０％（最大でも８５％）開度のままでそれ以上開かない。 Furthermore, the regulator 30 sets the ratio and bias for the motor damper 26. In the ratio and bias setting diagram of FIG. 2, the horizontal axis assigns the output signal s2 (analog opening signal s2 is 4 to 20 mA) from the PCD control unit 28 to 0 to 100%, and the vertical axis indicates the opening of the motor damper 26. The motor damper 26 is controlled at 0% on the vertical axis when the horizontal axis is between 0 and 20% (analog opening signal s2 is 0 to 7.2 mA), which is the time of small air volume. In other words, when the air volume is small, the air volume is controlled only by the pressure control damper 20. Then, when the air volume is from 20% (7.2 mA) to a large air volume (for example, 70%), proportional operation is performed according to the opening of the pressure control damper 20, with the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26 being approximately 1:1 (preferably 50:50). When the motor damper 26 is close to 100% open, the air volume does not change much with large changes in the opening, so the motor damper 26 control is constant between 70% and 100% on the horizontal axis (analog opening signal s2 is 16.8 to 20 mA), which is when the air volume is large. For example, it will remain at 70% opening (maximum 85%) and will not open any further.

即ち、モータダンパ制御部である調節器３０は、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度に基づいて、モータダンパ２６の開度を制御するにあたり、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度とモータダンパ２６の開度との間でレシオ・バイアス設定を行い、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度が応答特性の良好な開度領域である上記の所定の開度の間では、圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６の風量比が概ね１：１になるように、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度とモータダンパ２６の開度との間に比率（レシオ）設定し、比例制御としてダンパ開度を制御する。さらに、圧力制御ダンパ２０の応答特性の良好な開度領域を超える開度割合以上では、モータダンパ２６の開度を一定に維持（バイアス設定）する。また、調節器３０は、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度が応答特性の良好な開度領域を下回る開度以下でも、モータダンパ２６を閉じた状態に維持（バイアス設定）する。 That is, the regulator 30, which is the motor damper control section, performs ratio and bias setting between the opening of the pressure control damper 20 and the opening of the motor damper 26 when controlling the opening of the motor damper 26 based on the opening of the pressure control damper 20, and sets a ratio between the opening of the pressure control damper 20 and the opening of the motor damper 26 so that the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26 is approximately 1:1 within the above-mentioned predetermined opening range in which the opening of the pressure control damper 20 is in the opening range with good response characteristics, and controls the damper opening as proportional control. Furthermore, at an opening rate exceeding the opening range with good response characteristics of the pressure control damper 20, the opening of the motor damper 26 is maintained constant (bias setting) . Also , the regulator 30 maintains the motor damper 26 in a closed state (bias setting) even when the opening of the pressure control damper 20 is below the opening range with good response characteristics.

調節器３０から演算器３２へは、上記の移動平均演算処理とレシオ・バイアス設定が行われた信号ｓ３を出力する。出力された信号ｓ３は、演算器３２により、実際の圧力制御ダンパ２０の流量特性と、モータダンパ２６の流量特性のリニアライズ演算を行う。演算器３２は、ＰＣＤ制御部２８からの開度信号を基に、予め比率（レシオ）設定し比例制御する開度割合の間で、ダンパ開度％とその時の風量割合％とのダンパ流量特性として圧力制御ダンパ２０の流量特性とモータダンパ２６の流量特性との中間をとって比例特性化するリニアライズ演算を行う。ここでは、実際の圧力制御ダンパ２０の流量特性と、モータダンパ２６の流量特性を各々リニアライズ演算処理部に入力し、平均化した直線に基づいて、モータダンパ２６へ入力信号ｓ４として出力する。 The adjuster 30 outputs a signal s3 to the calculator 32, which has undergone the above-mentioned moving average calculation process and ratio/bias setting. The calculator 32 performs linearization calculation of the actual flow characteristics of the pressure control damper 20 and the flow characteristics of the motor damper 26 using the output signal s3. The calculator 32 performs linearization calculation based on the opening signal from the PCD control unit 28, taking the intermediate between the flow characteristics of the pressure control damper 20 and the flow characteristics of the motor damper 26 as the damper flow characteristics of the damper opening % and the air volume ratio % at that time between the opening ratios that are proportionally controlled by setting a ratio in advance. Here, the actual flow characteristics of the pressure control damper 20 and the flow characteristics of the motor damper 26 are input to the linearization calculation processing unit, and the flow characteristics of the motor damper 26 are output as an input signal s4 to the motor damper 26 based on the averaged straight line.

以上の信号処理により、圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６の合計風量値のリニアライズを可能とし、圧力制御ダンパ２０の風量制御特性に相対するモータダンパ２６の制御信号により風量の比例制御を行うことができる。 The above signal processing enables linearization of the total air volume value of the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26, and proportional control of the air volume can be performed using the control signal of the motor damper 26 that corresponds to the air volume control characteristics of the pressure control damper 20.

これにより、圧力制御ダンパ２０の大開度側において、モータダンパ２６の開度を、それ以上開かないようにし、並列に流す風量をできるだけ変動が無いようにして、圧力制御ダンパ２０の最小動作あたりの可変風量を大きくし、制御性向上を図ることができる。さらに、システムとして圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６により、大風量時の圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度を７０％開度以下に収めることが可能となる。即ち、モータダンパ２６が圧力制御ダンパ２０と、風量の流量特性が異なっても、モータダンパ２６が、大風量（例えば９５３０ｍ^３／ｈ）が必要な時にも、相当な風量を流しているので、圧力制御ダンパ２０の好ましい開度である８０％、より好ましく７０％開度以内になっていて、良好な制御開度とすることができる。一方、小風量時では、モータダンパ２６を使用せず開度をゼロとし、圧力制御ダンパ２０のみに通風することとし、正確な制御を行うことができる。 As a result, on the large opening side of the pressure control damper 20, the opening of the motor damper 26 is not opened any further, and the amount of air flowing in parallel is kept as small as possible, so that the variable air volume per minimum operation of the pressure control damper 20 can be increased, and controllability can be improved. Furthermore, the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26 as a system can keep the opening of the pressure control damper 20 at 70% opening or less at the time of large air volume. That is, even if the motor damper 26 has different air volume flow characteristics from the pressure control damper 20, the motor damper 26 flows a considerable amount of air even when a large air volume (for example, 9530 m ³ /h) is required, so that the opening is within 80%, which is the preferred opening of the pressure control damper 20, and more preferably 70%, and a good controlled opening can be achieved. On the other hand, at the time of small air volume, the motor damper 26 is not used and the opening is set to zero, and only the pressure control damper 20 is ventilated, so that accurate control can be performed.

さらに、圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６の合計風量値を比例特性化し、室内気圧の比例制御を容易に可能にする。また、この実施形態の室内気圧制御装置１０は、スタンドアロンＰＣＤに対してもアドオンが容易に可能である。その他、制御盤内収納スペースが増加し、制御盤収納機器を増やすことができ、ダンパ最小動作あたりの可変風量は大きく、ダンパ最小制御風量が大きい。 Furthermore , the total air volume value of the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26 is made proportional, making it easy to control the indoor air pressure proportionally. The indoor air pressure control device 10 of this embodiment can also be easily added to a stand-alone PCD. In addition, the storage space inside the control panel is increased, the amount of equipment stored in the control panel can be increased, the variable air volume per minimum damper operation is large, and the minimum damper controllable air volume is large.

ここで、室内気圧制御装置１０の風量の一例について説明する。換気対象室１４の入口に、定風量ユニット１２から一定風量、例えば１５４００ｍ^３／ｈが給気されるとすると、換気対象室１４から局所排気風路３８には、図示しない局所排気装置により、工程に応じて、例えば１７２０～９０７０ｍ^３／ｈの範囲で変化して局所排気が行われる。還気風路３６には、定風量ユニット３４により、例えば４１５０ｍ^３／ｈが一定風量で吸引され還気が行われる。排気風路１８には、例えば２１８０～９５３０ｍ^３／ｈの範囲で変化して排気が行われ、圧力制御ダンパ２０が１台しかない場合には、変化した排気風量のなかで、それぞれの排気量における室圧制御として圧力制御ダンパ２０を流れる風量により換気対象室１４の排気を微調整して、室圧を一定に維持することとなる。 Here, an example of the air volume of the indoor air pressure control device 10 will be described. If a constant air volume, for example 15,400 m ³ /h, is supplied to the entrance of the ventilation target room 14 from the constant air volume unit 12, then the ventilation target room 14 is locally exhausted to the local exhaust air duct 38 by a local exhaust device (not shown), with the volume varying depending on the process, for example 1,720 to 9,070 m ³ /h. The constant air volume unit 34 draws in a constant air volume, for example 4,150 m ³ /h, and returns the air to the return air duct 36. The exhaust air duct 18 is exhausted with a volume varying within a range of, for example 2,180 to 9,530 m ³ /h, and if there is only one pressure control damper 20, the exhaust air from the ventilation target room 14 is finely adjusted by the air volume flowing through the pressure control damper 20 as room pressure control at each exhaust volume among the varied exhaust air volumes, thereby maintaining a constant room pressure.

一方、排気ファン１６の送風能力は一定であるが、本実施形態では、排気風路１８に設けられた圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６により風量が調節される。この風量２１８０～９５３０ｍ^３／ｈは、圧力制御ダンパ２０の制御性補償範囲を超えるものであるが、モータダンパ２６にも並行で可変割合の排気風量の一部を受け持たせ、圧力制御ダンパ２０とモータダンパ２６両方で２１８０～９５３０ｍ^３／ｈを流すものである。 On the other hand, the blowing capacity of the exhaust fan 16 is constant, but in this embodiment, the air volume is adjusted by the pressure control damper 20 and motor damper 26 provided in the exhaust air duct 18. This air volume of 2180 to 9530 ^m3 /h exceeds the controllability compensation range of the pressure control damper 20, but the motor damper 26 is also given a portion of the exhaust air volume with a variable ratio in parallel, so that both the pressure control damper 20 and the motor damper 26 flow 2180 to 9530 ^m3 /h.

この実施形態の室内気圧制御装置１０とその制御方法によれば、圧力制御ダンパ２０を１台として、並列には安価なモータダンパ２６にも通風し、主に圧力制御ダンパ２０で圧力制御して、換気対象室１４の局所排気による風量変化が大きく発生しても、応答特性の良好な範囲を保持することができる。圧力制御ダンパ２０と、並列したモータダンパ２６の合計風量の比例特性化を達成し、小風量から広範囲の風量調整を可能にし、環境品質逸脱リスクを排除することができる。さらに、一台の圧力制御ダンパ２０の適正な可変制御範囲を超えて室圧制御する場合に、圧力制御ダンパ２０に並列にモータダンパ２６を設け、圧力制御ダンパ２０の開度によりモータダンパ２６を制御することで、圧力制御ダンパ２０制御を良好に保つことができる。圧力制御ダンパ２０は、風量制御特性が良好な中間開度域を常時使用することができる。また、非常に安いモータダンパ２６を用いて、非常に高価な圧力制御ダンパ２０を大風量と小風量２台用いることなく、１台で２３～１００％風量を効率よく調整することができる。 According to the indoor air pressure control device 10 and its control method of this embodiment, the pressure control damper 20 is used as one unit, and an inexpensive motor damper 26 is also ventilated in parallel, and pressure control is mainly performed by the pressure control damper 20, so that even if a large change in air volume occurs due to local exhaust in the ventilation target room 14, a good range of response characteristics can be maintained. Proportional characteristics of the total air volume of the pressure control damper 20 and the parallel motor damper 26 are achieved, making it possible to adjust the air volume from a small air volume to a wide range , and eliminating the risk of deviation from environmental quality. Furthermore, when controlling the room pressure beyond the appropriate variable control range of one pressure control damper 20, a motor damper 26 is provided in parallel to the pressure control damper 20, and the motor damper 26 is controlled by the opening of the pressure control damper 20, so that the pressure control damper 20 control can be maintained good. The pressure control damper 20 can always use the intermediate opening range with good air volume control characteristics. In addition, by using a very inexpensive motor damper 26, it is possible to efficiently adjust the air volume from 23 to 100% with one unit, without using two very expensive pressure control dampers 20, one for large air volume and one for small air volume.

なお、この発明の室内気圧制御装置とその制御方法は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではない。圧力制御ダンパとモータダンパは、適宜の装置を用いることができ、最適な開度も、適宜設定可能なものである。 The indoor air pressure control device and its control method of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiment. The pressure control damper and motor damper can be any suitable device, and the optimal opening degree can be set as appropriate.

１０室内気圧制御装置
１１空調機（ＡＨＵ）
１３給気風路
１２，３４定風量ユニット（ＣＡＶ）
１４換気対象室
１６排気ファン（ＦＦ）
１８排気風路
２０圧力制御ダンパ（ＰＣＤ）
２２室圧センサ
２３外気圧センサ
２４バイパス風路
２６モータダンパ（ＭＤ）
２８ＰＣＤ制御部
３０調節器
３２演算器
３８局所排気風路 10 Indoor air pressure control device 11 Air conditioner (AHU)
13 Air supply duct 12, 34 Constant air volume unit (CAV)
14 Ventilated room 16 Exhaust fan (FF)
18 Exhaust duct 20 Pressure control damper (PCD)
22 Room pressure sensor 23 Outside air pressure sensor 24 Bypass air passage 26 Motor damper (MD)
28 PCD control unit 30 Adjuster 32 Calculator 38 Local exhaust air passage

Claims

A room pressure control device that performs constant intake and exhaust for a ventilation target room,
A constant air volume unit is provided in an air supply duct that supplies air to the ventilation target room, and an exhaust duct that exhausts air and is connected to the ventilation target room,
The ventilation system includes a pressure control damper (PCD) provided in the exhaust air duct for adjusting the balance of intake and exhaust air volume, a room pressure sensor provided in the room to be ventilated, an outside air pressure sensor provided outside the room, and a pressure control damper control unit that controls the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) based on a differential pressure signal between the room pressure sensor and the outside air pressure sensor so as to maintain the detected room pressure at a set value,
a bypass passage connected to the exhaust air passage in parallel with the pressure control damper (PCD) of the exhaust air passage, a motor damper provided in the bypass passage, and a motor damper control unit that controls an opening degree of the motor damper,
the motor damper control unit, when controlling the opening of the motor damper based on the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD), sets a ratio between the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the opening of the motor damper so that the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the motor damper becomes 1:1 when the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) is between an opening rate of 20% to 70%, which is an opening rate region with good response characteristics, and controls the damper opening as proportional control;
The motor damper control unit maintains the opening of the motor damper constant and controls the opening of the pressure controlled damper (PCD) when the opening rate is 70% or more, which exceeds the opening range of the pressure controlled damper (PCD) with good response characteristics, and maintains the motor damper in a closed state and controls the opening of the pressure controlled damper (PCD) when the opening rate of the pressure controlled damper (PCD) is 20% or less, which is below the opening rate range of the pressure controlled damper (PCD) with good response characteristics. This room pressure control device is characterized by the above .

A method for controlling a room pressure control device that performs constant intake and exhaust for a ventilation target room,
A constant air volume unit is provided in an air supply duct that supplies air to the ventilation target room, and an exhaust duct that exhausts air and is connected to the ventilation target room,
a pressure control damper (PCD) for adjusting the balance of intake and exhaust air volume is provided in the exhaust air duct of the room to be ventilated, and the opening degree of the pressure control damper (PCD) is controlled so as to maintain the detected room pressure at a set value based on a differential pressure signal between a room pressure sensor provided inside the room to be ventilated and an external air pressure sensor provided outside the room, and a bypass passage is provided in parallel with the pressure control damper (PCD) of the exhaust air duct and connected to the exhaust air duct;
When controlling the opening of the motor damper provided in the bypass passage based on the opening of the pressure control damper, when the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) is within an opening ratio of 20 to 70%, which is an opening ratio region with good response characteristics, a ratio is set between the opening of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the opening of the motor damper so that the air volume ratio of the pressure control damper (PCD) and the motor damper becomes 1 :1, and the damper opening is controlled as proportional control;
A control method for a room pressure control device, characterized in that when the opening rate of the pressure control damper (PCD) is 70% or more, which exceeds the opening rate region with good response characteristics, the opening rate of the motor damper is maintained constant and the opening rate of the pressure control damper (PCD) is controlled, and when the opening rate of the pressure control damper (PCD) is 20% or less, which falls below the opening rate region with good response characteristics, the motor damper is maintained in a closed state and the opening rate of the pressure control damper (PCD) is controlled .