JP7587964B2 - Shield tunnel lining structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shield tunnel lining structure that is useful for construction in which multiple parallel shield tunnels are adjacent to each other, partially or partially in contact with each other or overlapping each other, and each is constructed as an independent shield tunnel.

Often seen in railway shield tunnels, a method of rubbing two single-track shield tunnels against one double-track shield tunnel is known. In this method, as shown in Figure 17, a rubbing section is provided between a section of two single-track shield tunnels (parallel section) and a section of one double-track shield tunnel, and the two single-track shield tunnels are rubbing against each other in this rubbing section. This method of construction is usually carried out using the open cut method, as the cross-section changes as the two tracks approach each other.

However, in tunnel construction in urban areas, the cut and cover method occupies ground, which has a significant impact on the living environment of residents living near the site and on ground traffic. Moreover, this method requires excavating a large amount of soil and sand, which then needs to be backfilled, lengthening the construction period. For this reason, it is desirable to shorten the area of construction using the cut and cover method in the lining section as much as possible.

In this type of shim construction, one way to minimize the construction area in the shim section using the open cut method is to use the shield method in the shim section to place two shield tunnels next to each other in the shim direction. A method of placing two shield tunnels next to each other using the shield method has been proposed in the past, for example in Patent Document 1.

In the construction method of Document 1, two single-track tunnels are constructed adjacent to each other using a driving segment. The driving segment has a wall portion with an arc-shaped recess formed on the outside, and an excavation body that is attached to the recess of the wall portion and has an outer surface that is an arc surface that is continuous with the arc of the tunnel. The driving segment is connected to a cylindrical portion made up of multiple segments inside the tunnel to construct the leading single-track tunnel. Then, the following single-track tunnel is constructed adjacent to the leading single-track tunnel while the excavation body of the leading single-track tunnel is excavated by a shield machine. In this way, the two single-track tunnels are constructed adjacent to each other.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-159297

However, the method proposed in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
(1) In this method, "the traction segment has a recess in the wall portion that is formed to protrude toward the tunnel interior, and an excavation body is provided in this recess." This type of traction segment structure encroaches on the movable area of the erector mounted on the shield machine, and it is difficult to assemble this traction segment into part of the segment ring using the erector. Even if this method is used for the construction shown in Figure 17, the traction segment cannot be assembled with the shield machine's erector, so construction similar to that of a normal shield method cannot be expected.
(2) In this method, "when constructing a trailing single-track tunnel for a preceding single-track tunnel, the shield machine is moved close to the preceding single-track tunnel and excavated along the preceding single-track tunnel." In this way, "the excavation body of the thrusting segment arranged in the preceding single-track tunnel is cut together with the ground by the shield machine." Furthermore, in Figs. 1 and 2 of this document 1, a state is shown in which the shield machine excavates parallel to the preceding single-track tunnel and the excavation body is cut to the same degree (i.e., to an equal width). When this method is applied to the construction shown in Fig. 17, the excavation direction of the shield machine and the cutting of the excavation body make it impossible to make one of the shield tunnels adjacent to the other with any degree of contact or any degree of overlap. Therefore, even if this method is used for the rubbing construction shown in Fig. 17, the two shield tunnels cannot be made adjacent in the rubbing direction, and therefore the construction range by the open cut method cannot be shortened in the rubbing section.
(3) In this method, "a normal cylindrical following single-track tunnel is constructed on the side of the preceding single-track tunnel. After the following single-track tunnel is constructed adjacent to the preceding single-track tunnel, supports are erected in these single-track tunnels. Then, the driving segment of the preceding single-track tunnel and the segment of the following single-track tunnel on the preceding single-track tunnel side are removed, and a branching segment with a Y-shaped cross section is disposed between the cylindrical parts of the segments of each tunnel, and supports made of columns, walls, etc. are disposed between these branching segments, and then the supports disposed in each tunnel are removed" to complete the multiple tunnel. When this construction method is applied to the construction shown in Figure 17, in order to make each single-track tunnel an independent shield tunnel, new supports are provided between each single-track tunnel after the construction of each single-track tunnel, which makes the structure that much more complicated, requires a lot of work, and increases costs.

The present invention aims to solve such problems in the past, and aims to easily and efficiently form cutting blocks such as the above-mentioned excavation bodies in a lining structure for this type of shield tunnel using construction similar to that of normal shield construction methods, to enable the construction of multiple shield tunnels by arranging multiple parallel shield tunnels in contact with one another with any degree of contact or overlap with any degree of overlap when rubbing one part of the other side by side, and to construct each shield tunnel as an independent shield tunnel without providing new supports between them.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
In a shield tunnel lining structure, a segment ring is formed by assembling a plurality of segments having an arc-shaped cross section into a ring shape inside a shield tunnel, and instead of some of the segments, a segment having a special structure is provided, which comprises a partition wall portion extending in a straight line in cross section between each segment on both sides of the partial segment, and a cutting portion formed on the outside of the partition wall portion and having an outer surface having an arc-shaped cross section continuing to the arcs of each segment on both sides, and the segments having the special structure are assembled in parallel in the tunnel axis direction together with the plurality of segments, so that a partition wall block is formed in the shield tunnel by the plurality of partition wall portions to hold the space inside the tunnel together with the plurality of segments, and a cutting block is formed on the outside of the partition wall portion.
The special structure segment is formed between the arc of the segment ring and a chord adjacent to the arc so that the segment ring can be assembled together with the segment, and includes a partition portion having a different length of the partition portion and a different arc length of the cutting portion, a small integral member having an integrated partition portion and a cutting portion, and a large separate member having a separate partition portion and a cutting portion,
The integral member is sized so as to be assembled by an erector mounted on a shield tunneling machine, and the entire cutting portion is integrally formed by a cutting member, and assembled as a part of a segment ring by the erector of the shield tunneling machine,
The separate type member is composed of a cutting segment having an arc-shaped cross section and a cutting filler material filled between the cutting segment and the partition wall, and the cutting portion is sized so that it can be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield machine, and mounting portions are provided on both sides of the separate type member with mounting portions protruding toward the inside of the vertical shield tunnel with the same cross-sectional shape as the partition wall so that the partition wall can be attached between the two sides of the segments, the partition wall portion and the cutting filler material are attached later, and the cutting segment is assembled into a part of a segment ring by the erector of the shield machine,
The cutting block is composed of a small cutting block consisting of cutting parts of a plurality of the integrated members, or a large cutting block consisting of cutting parts of a plurality of the separate members, or a combination of the small cutting block and the large cutting block.
The gist of the present invention is as follows.

In addition, it is preferable that each part of the present invention is configured as follows.
(1 ) The integral member has a partition wall portion made of a steel segment or a composite segment made by integrating a steel shell with concrete, and a cutting portion made of a cutting member having concrete as a base material, and the cutting portion is integrally joined to the partition wall portion via a stud dowel.
In this case, the stud dowel is made of a material that can be cut by a shield tunneling machine, is fastened to a nut fixed to the partition, and is provided to protrude from the partition.
( 2) The separate type component has a partition wall made of a steel segment or a composite segment integrating a steel shell with concrete, a cut segment made of a segment with concrete as the base material, and a cut filler material including liquefied treated soil and air mortar.
( 3) A joint angle is provided on the segment joint surface between the partition portion of the separate component and each mounting portion.
(4) In the separate type components, the length of the partition portion and the length of each mounting portion are different between adjacent segment rings so that the segment joint surfaces between the partition portion and each mounting portion are staggered between the adjacent segment rings.
(5) The partition wall of the separate member is made up of a plurality of divided members, and a joint angle is provided on the segment joint surface of each divided member.
In this case, the separate type members have different lengths between adjacent segment rings so that the segment joint surfaces between the divided members of the partition portion are staggered between the adjacent segment rings.
(6) When the height of the arc of the cutting portion of the separate member is expanded beyond the range that can secure the space required within the tunnel, a temporary wall portion is removably arranged in place of the partition portion, the cutting portion is formed on the outside of the temporary wall portion, and a temporary wall block is formed by multiple temporary wall portions.

According to the shield tunnel lining structure of the present invention, the configuration of each part provides the following special effects that are unique to the present invention.
(1) In the present invention, instead of some of the segments of a segment ring formed by assembling a plurality of segments into a ring shape in a shield tunnel, a segment having a special structure is provided, which includes a partition wall portion extending linearly in cross section between each of the segments on both sides of the partial segment, and a cutting portion formed outside the partition wall portion and having an outer surface with an arc-shaped cross section continuing to the arcs of each of the segments on both sides.Then, the segment having the special structure is assembled in parallel with the plurality of segments in the tunnel axis direction to form a partition wall block that holds the space inside the tunnel together with the plurality of segments by the partition wall portions in the shield tunnel, and a cutting block is formed outside the partition wall block by multiple rows of cutting portions.Therefore, the partition wall block can be easily and efficiently formed in the space inside the tunnel and the cutting block can be formed outside the partition wall block by construction generally similar to that of a normal shield tunneling method. The special structure segment has a small integral member and a large separate member with different partition length and different arc length of the cutting portion, and the cutting block is configured on the outside of the partition block by a small cutting block made of cutting portions of a plurality of integral members, or a large cutting block made of cutting portions of a plurality of separate members, or a combination of a small cutting block and a large cutting block, so that a plurality of parallel shield tunnels can be adjacent to each other by contacting partially or partially with any degree of contact or overlapping with any degree of overlap. In this case, although a portion of one of the segment rings is cut when the shield tunnels are adjacent to each other, the portion is supported by the partition block to maintain the space inside the tunnel, so that each can be constructed as an independent shield tunnel.
(2) In particular, in the present invention, the integrated member is of a size that allows the entire member to be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield, the entire cutting portion is integrally molded by the cutting member, and the cutting portion and the partition portion are joined together, and like the segments, it is assembled into part of the segment ring by the shield's erector.Therefore, by construction generally similar to that of conventional shield construction methods, the partition block can be easily and efficiently formed in the space inside the tunnel and the cutting block on its outside.
(3) In particular, in the present invention, the separate type member is composed of a cutting segment having an arc-shaped cross section and a size that allows the cutting portion to be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield, and a cutting filler material filled between the cutting segment and the partition wall, and the cutting segment is assembled to a part of the segment ring by the shield erector in the same manner as the segment, and the partition wall and the cutting filler material are attached later. This allows a part of the separate type member (cutting block) to be easily and efficiently incorporated into a part of the segment ring by construction generally similar to that of a normal shield construction method. In this case, the partition wall and the cutting filler material are attached later, but this construction can be performed after the shield excavation, so there is no interference with the movable area of each part of the shield, the passage of the following cart, or various other equipment such as piping equipment and ventilation equipment, and there is no hindrance to construction by the normal shield construction method.
(4) In particular, in the present invention, the partition wall of the separate member is attached between mounting parts that protrude toward the inside of the vertical shield tunnel and have the same cross-sectional shape as the partition wall on the segments on both sides of the separate member, thereby making it possible to smoothly and reliably attach the partition wall of the separate member between the segments on both sides of the separate member.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a lining structure for a shield tunnel according to one embodiment of the present invention ((a) is a front cross-sectional view of an entire segment ring in which an integral member of a segment with a special structure is incorporated into a part of the segment ring; (b) is a front cross-sectional view of an entire segment ring in which a separate member of a segment with a special structure is incorporated into a part of the segment ring). 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the external configuration of a shield tunnel equipped with the same structure ((a) is a perspective view seen from the small cutting block side, and (b) is a perspective view seen from the large cutting block side). FIG. 1 shows the internal configuration of a shield tunnel equipped with the same structure ((a) is a partially omitted perspective view seen from the small cutting block side, and (b) is a partially omitted perspective view seen from the large cutting block side). FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a specially constructed segment, particularly an integral member, used in the structure; A diagram showing the configuration of the cut portion of the special structure segment used in the structure, particularly the integral member ((a) is an outer side view, (b) is a front cross-sectional view, and (c) is a plan cross-sectional view). FIG. 13 is a diagram (front view) showing the configuration of a stud dowel and a nut used to join a partition wall portion and a cut portion of a one-piece member of a segment with a special structure used in the same structure. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a special structure segment used in the structure, particularly a separate member, together with a segment ring ((a) is a front view of a pre-assembled separate member, and (b) is a front view of a post-assembled separate member). A diagram showing the configuration of a special structure segment used in the structure, particularly a separate member (pre-assembled) ((a) is a side view of the inside, (b) is a front view, and (c) is an end view). A diagram showing the configuration of a special structure segment used in the structure, particularly a separate member (post-assembly) ((a) is a side view of the inside, (b) is a front view, and (c) is an end view). A diagram showing the configuration of the attachment part (pre-assembly) of a special structure segment used in the structure, particularly of a separate member ((a) is an inner side view, (b) is a front view, (c) is an end view of one side, (d) is an end view of the other side, (e) is an inner side view of only the attachment part, and (f) is an end view of only the attachment part). A diagram showing the configuration of the attachment part (post-assembly) of a separate-type member of a segment of a special structure used in the structure ((a) is an inner side view, (b) is a front view, (c) is an end view of one side, (d) is an end view of the other side, and (e) is an end view of only the attachment part). A diagram showing an example of construction in which a following shield tunnel is grounded against a preceding shield tunnel using a small cutting block of the same structure (front cross-sectional view) A diagram showing an example of construction in which a following shield tunnel is grounded against a preceding shield tunnel using a large cutting block of the same structure (front cross-sectional view) A diagram showing the assembly procedure of separate components of the special structure segment of the same structure (inner side view) A diagram showing an example of construction using this structure to rub two single-track shield tunnels against one double-track shield tunnel (plan view). A diagram showing the construction procedure and the situation for using this structure to rub two single-track shield tunnels into one double-track shield tunnel (front cross-sectional view) A diagram showing a conventional construction example when two single-track shield tunnels are joined to one double-track shield tunnel (plan view).

Next, the form for implementing this invention will be explained using figures.

As is well known, shield tunnels are constructed by the shield method using a shield tunneling machine (hereinafter simply referred to as a shield). That is, as the shield tunnels advance, a cutter head at the front of the shield excavates a tunnel (drilled hole) in the ground, and an erector at the rear of the shield assembles multiple segments with an arc-shaped cross section into a ring shape on the inner wall of the tunnel (drilled hole), constructing the shield tunnel. The segments used in this shield method are usually rectangular in a horizontal plane view with an arc-shaped cross section, with both left and right end faces being segment joint surfaces, and both front and rear faces (front and back) being ring joint surfaces. Multiple such segments are arranged in a ring shape around the tunnel, and the joint surfaces of each segment are aligned and connected by bolts, nuts, or other fixing means, to form an endless segment ring. Furthermore, these segment rings are arranged in parallel in the tunnel axial direction, and the ring joint surfaces of each segment between each segment ring are aligned and connected by bolts, nuts, or other fixing means. In this way, the lining structure of the shield tunnel is constructed.

As shown in Fig. 1, in this shield tunnel lining structure (hereinafter referred to as this structure), instead of some of the segments of a segment ring R formed by assembling a plurality of segments S having an arc-shaped cross section into a ring shape in the shield tunnel T, between each of the segments S on both sides of the partial segment, segments SS1 and SS2 having a special structure composed of partition wall parts 11 and 12 extending in a linear cross section and cutting parts 21 and 22 formed on the outside of the partition wall parts 11 and 12 and having an outer surface having an arc-shaped cross section continuing to the arc of each of the segments S on both sides are provided. Then, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the segments SS1 and SS2 having the special structure are assembled in parallel in the tunnel axis direction together with the plurality of segments S, and partition wall blocks 110 and 120 that hold the space inside the tunnel T together with the plurality of segments S are formed in the shield tunnel T by the plurality of partition wall parts 11 and 12, and cutting blocks 210 and 220 are formed on the outside of the partition wall parts 11 and 12.
In this structure, a composite segment is used for each segment S, but this is not limited to this and other types of segments such as steel segments may also be used.

In particular, in this structure, as shown in FIG. 1, segments SS1 and SS2 of a special structure are formed between the arc of the segment ring R and the chord adjacent to the arc so that the segment ring R can be assembled together with the segment S having an arc-shaped cross section, and the structure has a small integrated member SS1 in which the partitions 11 and 12 are integrated and the cutting members 21 and 22 are different in length and in which the cutting members 21 and 22 are different in arc length, and a large separate member SS2 in which the partitions 12 and 22 are separate, and as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the cutting blocks 210 and 220 are composed of a small cutting block 210 composed of the cutting members 21 of multiple integrated members SS1, or a large cutting block 220 composed of the cutting members 22 of multiple separate members SS2, or a combination of the small cutting block 210 and the large cutting block 220.

As shown in FIG. 4, the integral member SS1 is of a size that allows the entire member to be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield, and the entire cutting portion 21 is integrally formed by the cutting member. In this case, the height of the arc of the cutting portion 21 (the height of the highest point of the arc) is equivalent to twice the thickness of the segment S, and the thickness of the partition portion 11 is approximately equal to the thickness of the segment S. Note that the descriptions of these dimensions are for the convenience of the following explanation and may be changed as appropriate. With this configuration, the integral member SS1 is formed with an approximately arch-shaped cross section between the arc of the segment ring R and a chord adjacent to the arc so that the segment ring R can be assembled in the same way as the segment S, and can be assembled to a part of the segment ring R by an erector mounted on the shield, in the same way as the segment S.

Like the segment S, the bulkhead 11 is a composite segment formed by integrating a steel shell 111 and concrete 114. In this case, the steel shell 111 is integrally formed of steel plates and has a bulkhead component 112 that extends in a substantially straight line in cross section, and a pair of connecting parts 113 that extend from both ends of the bulkhead component 112 in a V-shaped cross section. The bulkhead component 112 has an inner side that is long in both end directions, and a front and back surface that are elongated in both end directions on both sides, and the outer side surface is an opening. Each connecting part 113 has rectangular surfaces that are long in both directions and extend in a V-shaped cross section from both ends of the inner side surface of the bulkhead component 112 and both ends of the outer opening, rectangular surfaces that are long in the extension direction and extend in a V-shaped cross section from both ends of the front and back surfaces of the bulkhead component 112, and rectangular surfaces that are long in both directions and are enclosed between the extension ends of each surface that extends in a V-shape. The bulkhead 11 is formed as a composite segment by placing reinforcing bars and steel materials inside the steel shell 111 and pouring concrete 114. Thus, the bulkhead 11 has the same cross-sectional performance and water-stopping performance as each segment S. Although the bulkhead 11 is made of a composite segment, it is not limited to this and may be a steel segment, etc.

The cutting section 21 is made of a cutting member whose base material is concrete. In this case, lightweight aggregate concrete is used for the cutting member. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the cutting section 21 is integrated with the partition wall 11 by arranging a stud dowel, bolt, or a perforated steel plate to prevent slippage. In this case, a stud dowel 31 is used, and a stud dowel 31 made of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) and threaded is used. A plurality of steel nuts 30 are fixed by welding to the steel plate forming the inner surface of the partition wall 11, and FRP stud dowels 31 are fastened to these nuts 30 and protruded on the inner side surface of the partition wall 11. In this case, a plurality of crack prevention bars (made of FRP) 32 are also arranged on this side surface. In this way, lightweight aggregate concrete is poured on the outer side surface of the partition wall 11 via a plurality of stud dowels 31 and a plurality of crack prevention bars 32, and the cutting section 21 is integrally formed. That is, they are integrated into the one-piece member SS1. This one-piece member SS1 is manufactured in a factory. The cutting portion 21, like each segment S, bears the thrust of the shield jack when assembling the one-piece member SS1. The cutting portion 21 is made of lightweight aggregate concrete, but is not limited to this and may be made of ordinary concrete. The stud dowels 31 are made of fiber reinforced plastic, but are not limited to this and may be made of any material that can be cut with a shield. The nuts do not have to be made of steel. The crack prevention bars 32 are made of FRP, but are not limited to this and may be made of any material that can be cut with a shield, such as glass fiber or carbon fiber.

As described above, the one-piece member SS1 is incorporated between the segments S on both sides of a portion of the segment ring R in place of a portion of the segment S, so that a joint angle is provided at the segment joint surface P1 between the partition wall portion 11 of the one-piece member SS1 and the segment S. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1(a), both end faces of the partition wall portion 11 (the faces of the extended ends of each connection portion 113 described above) and one end face of the segment S are the segment joint surfaces P1, and a joint angle is provided between the segment joint surfaces P1 at both ends of the partition wall portion 11 and the segment joint surface P1 at one end of each segment S. The partition wall portion 11 and each segment S are connected to each other at their respective segment joint surfaces P1 with bolts and nuts.

Furthermore, as described above, the integral member SS1 is incorporated between each segment S on both sides of a portion of the segment ring R in place of a portion of the segment S, and this integral member SS1 is connected by bolts, nuts, or other fixing means at each ring joint surface P2 between each partition portion 11 of each integral member SS1 between adjacent segment rings R.

As shown in FIG. 1(b), the separate member SS2 is composed of a cutting segment 221 with an arc-shaped cross section and a cutting filler 222 filled between the cutting segment 221 and the partition wall 12, so that the cutting portion 22 can be assembled by the erector mounted on the shield, and the cutting portion 22 and the partition wall 12 are separate. In this case, the height of the arc of the cutting portion 22 (the height of the highest point of the arc) is greater than twice the thickness of the segment S, and is set to about 5 times here. In addition, in order to secure space inside the tunnel T and to maintain the movable area of the erector, the height of the arc of the cutting portion 22 of the separate member SS2 is set to about 5 times the thickness of the segment S. As mentioned above, the description of the dimensions is for the convenience of the following explanation and may be changed as appropriate. With this configuration, the entire separate member SS2 is formed with a roughly arcuate cross section between the arc of the segment ring R and the chord adjacent to said arc, so that the segment ring R can be assembled together with the segment S, and the partition wall 12 and the cut filler 222 can be added later, and the cut segment 221 can be assembled to part of the segment ring R by an erector mounted on the shield, just like the segment S.

As shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9, the separate member SS2 has two types of partition wall sections 12 with different lengths so that the joint positions of adjacent partition wall sections 12 between each segment ring R are different. In this case, the pre-assembled partition wall section 12 that is assembled first on the inner wall of the tunnel T is short, and the post-assembled partition wall section 12 that is assembled later is long.

In both separate-type members SS2, the bulkhead 12 is made of a composite segment in which steel shells 121, 122 and concrete 124, 125 are integrated. As shown in FIG. 8, in the case of the pre-assembled separate-type member SS2, the steel shell 121 is integrally formed of steel plates and consists of an outer side of a rectangle that is long in both directions, a front and back face of a trapezoid that is elongated in both directions on both sides, and each end face of a trapezoid that is elongated in both directions on both sides, with the inner side being opened. In this case, the outer side is smaller than the inner opening. As shown in FIG. 9, in the case of the post-assembled separate-type member SS2, the steel shell 122 is integrally formed of steel plates and consists of an inner side of a rectangle that is elongated in both directions, a front and back face of a trapezoid that is elongated in both directions on both sides, and each end face of a trapezoid that is elongated in both directions on both sides, with the inner side being opened. In this case, the outer side is smaller than the inner opening. In each separate member SS2, reinforcing bars and steel materials are placed inside the steel shells 121, 122, and concrete 124, 125 is poured, so that the bulkhead 12 has a composite structure, similar to the segment S with an arc-shaped cross section. Note that although the bulkhead 12 is made of a composite segment, it is not limited to this and may be a steel segment, etc.

As described above, each of the separate type members SS2 is incorporated between the segments S on both sides of a portion of a segment S of the segment ring R, and therefore, the partitions 12 are provided with a joint angle at each ring joint surface P3 between the partitions 12 of each separate type member SS2 between adjacent segment rings R. In this case, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the front and back surfaces of each partition portion 12 are the ring joint surfaces P3 between the partitions 12, and a joint angle is provided at the ring joint surfaces P3 between the partitions 12.

The partition wall portion 12 of the rear-assembled separate member SS2 is made up of multiple divided members 12P, and a joint angle is provided on the segment joint surface P4 of each divided member 12P. In this case, the lengths of each divided member 12P are different between adjacent segment rings R so that the segment joint surfaces P4 between each divided member 12P of the partition wall portion 12 are staggered between adjacent segment rings R.

In addition, a seal groove is provided on each joint surface of the segments and rings of the partition wall portion 12, and a seal material is attached to the seal groove, providing the same water-stopping performance as segment S.

The cutting segment 221 is made of a segment whose base material is concrete.

The cutting filler 222 is made of liquefied treated soil, air mortar, etc.

As described above, each of the separate-type members SS2 is incorporated between the segments S on both sides of a part of the segment ring R in place of a part of the segment S, so that, as shown in FIG. 7, each of the segments S on both sides is provided with an attachment part 4 for attaching the partition part 12. As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, each attachment part 4 is provided on the segments S on both sides with the same cross-sectional shape and structure as the partition part 12 and protrudes toward the inside of the vertical shield tunnel T. In addition, each attachment part 4 has two different lengths so that the segment joint surface P6 between the partition part 12 and the attachment part 4 is staggered between adjacent segment rings R. In this case, the one assembled beforehand is longer and the one assembled afterward is shorter, opposite to the length of the two types of partition parts 12 (to match the length of the two types of partition parts 12). The connection end surface of each attachment part 4 with the partition part 12 is the segment joint surface P6, and a joint angle is provided. Between each segment ring R, the opposing surfaces of the adjacent mounting parts 4 are provided with a joint angle at the ring joint surface P7. In addition, a seal groove is provided on each joint surface of the segment and ring of each mounting part 4, and a seal material is attached to the seal groove, providing the same water-stopping performance as the segment S. The joint surfaces of each segment and each ring joint are connected by bolts, nuts, or other fixing means.

Each bulkhead section 12, both pre-assembled and post-assembled, is further divided if its length causes problems during transportation, etc. In this case, each bulkhead section 12 is divided at a position where the adjacent ring joint surfaces are not identical. Also, in this case, a joint angle is provided on the divided surface of the bulkhead section 12 so that there is no problem with the final assembly.

When the separate member SS2 expands the height of the arc of the cutting portion 22 beyond the range in which the space required for the interior space of the tunnel T can be secured by exceeding approximately five times the thickness of the segment S, a temporary wall portion 13 (see FIG. 16 (6)) is removably arranged in place of the partition portion 12, the cutting portion 22 is formed on the outside of the temporary wall portion 13, and a temporary wall block 130 is formed by the multiple temporary wall portions 13. As mentioned above, the description of the dimensions (approximately five times the above) is for convenience of explanation and can be changed as appropriate.

In this way, in this structure, when adjacent shield tunnels are cut and adjacent to each other by contacting and overlapping using the shield construction method, if the degree of overlap between each shield tunnel is to be reduced (including the case of contact), a one-piece member SS1 is used to form a small cutting block 210 via a partition block 110 at the contact and overlapping portion of the shield tunnel, and if the degree of overlap between each shield tunnel is to be increased, a separate member SS2 is used to form a large cutting block 220 via a partition block 120 at the overlapping portion of the shield tunnel.

Figure 12 shows an example of construction in which a trailing shield tunnel T2 is ground against a leading shield tunnel T1 using a small cutting block 210 of this structure. In this construction, the trailing shield tunnel T2 is grounded against a part of the side of the leading shield tunnel T1, and each is constructed adjacent to the other as independent shield tunnels T1 and T2.

In this construction, first, the preceding shield tunnel T1 is constructed using the normal shield construction method. That is, as shown in Figures 12 (1) and (2), while the shield is excavating, a tunnel (drilled hole) is excavated in the ground by the cutter head at the front of the shield, and multiple segments S are assembled into a ring shape on the inner wall of this tunnel (drilled hole) by the erector at the rear of the shield, some of which include a segment with a special structure, in this case, an integrated member SS1, to construct the preceding shield tunnel (lining structure) T1. In this way, a bulkhead block 110 is formed on the inner space side of a part of the preceding shield tunnel T1, and a small cutting block 210 is formed on the outside of that, that is, on the side of a part of the preceding shield tunnel T1.

Then, the shield M2 for the following shield tunnel is excavated toward the side of the preceding shield tunnel T1. In this construction, as shown in FIG. 12 (1), the front cutter head of the shield M2 is gradually brought closer to the side of the preceding shield tunnel T1, and as shown in FIG. 12 (2) and (3), the cutter head of the front of the shield M2 is brought into contact with the small cutting block 210, a part of the side of the preceding shield tunnel T1, with the required degree of contact to cut, and the following shield tunnel T2 is rubbed. In this way, the following shield tunnel T2 is rubbed against a part of the preceding shield tunnel T1 by contacting it with the required contact width, and the preceding and following shield tunnels T1 and T2 are constructed adjacent to each other as independent shield tunnels by the partition block 110 in the preceding shield tunnel T1. Although the preceding shield tunnel T1 no longer has a circular cross-sectional shape, the segment structure and its assembly structure are equivalent to those of a normal shield tunnel, and it can be established as a permanent structure.

Figure 13 shows a construction example in which a trailing shield tunnel T2 is ground against a leading shield tunnel T1 using a large cutting block 220 of this structure. In this construction example, the trailing shield tunnel T2 is grounded to overlap a part of the side of the leading shield tunnel T1, and each is constructed adjacent to the other as independent shield tunnels T1 and T2.

In this construction, first, the preceding shield tunnel T1 is constructed by the normal shield construction method. That is, as shown in Figures 13 (1) and (2), while the shield is excavating, a tunnel (drilled hole) is excavated in the ground by the cutter head at the front of the shield, and multiple segments S are assembled in a ring shape on the inner wall of this tunnel (drilled hole) by the erector at the rear of the shield, including a segment with a special structure, in this case, a separate type member SS2, to construct the preceding shield tunnel T1 (lining structure). In this case, multiple segments S are assembled in a ring shape on the inner wall of the tunnel (drilled hole), including the cutting segment 221, by the erector at the rear of the shield. After this construction, the partition section 12 is assembled opposite the cutting segment 221. Then, the cutting filler 222 is filled between the cutting segment 221 and the partition section to form the cutting section 22. In this way, a bulkhead block 120 consisting of a plurality of bulkhead sections 12 is formed on the tunnel interior space side of a portion of the preceding shield tunnel T1, and a large cut block 220 consisting of a plurality of cut sections 22 is formed on the outside of the bulkhead block 12, i.e., on the side of a portion of the preceding shield tunnel T1. FIG. 14 particularly shows the assembly procedure of the bulkhead section 12. As shown in FIG. 14, the bulkhead section 12 has a joint angle on the ring joint surface, so that the pre-assembled section with a short wall length is assembled first, and then the post-assembled section with a long wall length is assembled. The assembly of the bulkhead section 12 may be performed in such a way that the bulkhead section 12 faces the natural ground of the tunnel from the inner space side of the tunnel, or in such a way that the bulkhead section 12 faces the natural ground of the tunnel from the natural ground of the tunnel to the inner space side of the tunnel, depending on the orientation of the segment joint surfaces at both ends of the bulkhead section 12. In other words, if the length between each segment joint surface gradually increases from the natural ground side of the tunnel toward the inner space side, so that each segment joint surface forms a V-shape, the partition wall section 12 is assembled from the inner space side of the tunnel toward the natural ground side of the tunnel. This is advantageous in terms of workability. If the length between each segment joint surface gradually decreases from the inner wall side of the tunnel, so that each segment joint surface forms an inverted V-shape, the partition wall section is assembled from the natural ground side of the tunnel toward the inner space side of the tunnel. This is advantageous in terms of shear forces that occur at the segment joint surfaces of each partition wall section due to external loads.

After assembling the segments in the leading shield tunnel T1, the shield M2 for the trailing shield tunnel is excavated toward the side of the leading shield tunnel T1. As shown in FIG. 13(1), the shield M2 is gradually brought closer to the side of the leading shield tunnel T1, and as shown in FIG. 13(2) and (3), the cutter head C2 at the front of the shield M2 is cut by overlapping with the required degree of overlap against the large cutting block 220 on the side of a part of the leading shield tunnel T1, and the trailing shield tunnel T2 is rubbed. In this way, the trailing shield tunnel T2 is rubbed with the required amount of overlap against a part of the leading shield tunnel T1, and the leading and trailing shield tunnels T1 and T2 are constructed adjacent to each other as independent shield tunnels by the partition block 120 in the leading shield tunnel T1. Although the leading shield tunnel T1 no longer has a circular cross-sectional shape, its segment structure and water-stopping performance are equivalent to those of a normal shield tunnel, and it can be established as a permanent structure.

Figures 15 and 16 show an example of construction in which two single-track shield tunnels T1 and T2 are grounded against one double-track shield tunnel T3 using a combination of a small cutting block 210 and a large cutting block 220 of this structure. In this construction, the section required for the grounding of the two preceding and following shield tunnels T1 and T2 is extended, and an asymptotic section and a contact/overlap section of the two shield tunnels T1 and T2 are provided toward the grounding section, and the two shield tunnels T1 and T2 are brought asymptotically closer, gradually contacting and overlapping, so that they are grounded while being adjacent to each other as independent shield tunnels T1 and T2.

In this construction, as shown in Figures 16 (1)-(6), first, the preceding shield tunnel T1 is passed through the asymptotic section and the contact/overlap section, and then constructed diagonally toward the single double-track cross-section shield tunnel T3 using normal shield construction methods. That is, as shown in Figure 16 (1), as the shield advances, a tunnel (excavation hole) is excavated in the ground using the cutter head at the front of the shield, and multiple segments S, some of which include specially constructed segments SS1 and SS2, are assembled into a ring shape on the inner wall of this tunnel (excavation hole) using the erector at the rear of the shield, to construct the preceding shield tunnel T1. In this case, as shown in Fig. 16 (2)-(5), in the contact/overlap section, depending on the degree of contact and overlap between the leading shield tunnel T1 and the trailing shield tunnel T2, an integrated member SS1 or a separate member SS2 is used for the special structure segment, and a small cutting block 210 is formed in a part of a certain range on the side of the leading shield tunnel T1, and a large cutting block 220 is formed in the remaining part continuous with this cutting block 210. Then, the shield M2 for the trailing shield tunnel is excavated. As shown in Fig. 16 (1), the shield is asymptotically approached toward the side of the leading shield tunnel T1 in the asymptotic section, and as shown in Fig. 16 (2) and (3), in the contact/overlap section, the cutter head at the front of the shield M2 is gradually brought into contact with the small cutting block 210 in a part of a certain range on the side of the leading shield tunnel T1 at the required degree of contact to cut, and the trailing shield tunnel T2 is rubbed against it while gradually widening the contact width. Next, as shown in Figures 16 (4) and (5), the cutter head at the front of the shield M2 gradually overlaps with the cutting block 220, which has a large remaining portion in a certain range on the side of the leading shield tunnel T2, to the required degree of overlap, and the trailing shield tunnel T2 is rubbed against it while gradually widening the overlap width. In this way, the trailing shield tunnel T2 is rubbed against the leading shield tunnel T1 in a certain range on the side while gradually increasing the contact width and overlap width. Then, the leading and trailing shield tunnels T1 and T2 are constructed adjacent to each other as independent shield tunnels by the partition blocks 110 and 120 in the leading shield tunnel T1. Although the leading shield tunnel T1 no longer has a circular cross-sectional shape, the segment structure and its assembly structure are the same as those of a normal shield tunnel, and it can be established as a permanent structure.

In addition, as the cutting block 220 formed on the side of the preceding shield tunnel T1 approaches the end of the contact/overlap section, it is necessary to increase the degree of overlap with the following shield tunnel T2, and the height of the arc of the cutting block 220 must be expanded beyond the range in which the necessary space can be secured in the tunnel space, exceeding about five times the thickness of the segment S with a circular cross section. In this case, as shown in FIG. 16 (6), instead of the partition wall portion 12, a temporary wall portion 13 is detachably arranged at the expanded position in the tunnel space of the large cutting block 220, and a large cutting block 220 is formed by the cutting portion 22 on the outside of this temporary wall portion 13, and a temporary wall block 130 is formed by multiple temporary wall portions 13. In this way, the following shield tunnel T2 is further scraped in with the necessary overlap width at the end side of a certain range of the side of the preceding shield tunnel T1. After the shield M2 has cut and passed through this cutting block 220, a middle wall 14 or pillars are provided between the leading and trailing shield tunnels T1 and T2, the temporary wall block 130 consisting of multiple temporary wall sections 13 and the cutting filler 222 of the large cutting block 220 are removed, and the leading and trailing shield tunnels T1 and T2 are constructed adjacent to each other as independent shield tunnels. As mentioned above, the description of the dimensions (about five times the above) is for convenience of explanation and can be changed as appropriate.

This construction method makes it possible to significantly reduce the area of construction required by cut-and-cover construction in the siding section, as shown in Figure 15.

As described above, according to this structure, instead of some of the segments S of the segment ring R formed by assembling a plurality of segments S into a ring shape in the shield tunnel, the special structure segments SS1 and SS2 are provided, which are made up of partitions 11 and 12 that extend in a straight line in cross section between the segments S on both sides of the partial segment S, and cut sections 21 and 22 that are formed on the outside of the partitions 11 and 12 and have an outer surface that is arc-shaped in cross section that continues to the arcs of the segments S on both sides. Then, the special structure segments SS1 and SS2 are assembled in parallel in the tunnel axis direction together with the plurality of segments S to form partition blocks 110 and 120 that hold the space inside the tunnel together with the plurality of segments S in the shield tunnel by the plurality of partitions 11 and 12, and cut blocks 210 and 220 are formed on the outside by the plurality of cut sections 21 and 22. Therefore, the partition blocks 110 and 120 can be easily and efficiently formed in the space inside the tunnel by construction generally similar to that of a normal shield construction method, and the cut blocks 210 and 220 can be formed on the outside of the partition blocks 110 and 120. The special structure segments SS1 and SS2 have small integrated members SS1 and large separate members SS2 with different lengths of the partitions 11 and 12 and different arc lengths of the cut parts 21 and 22, and the cut blocks 210 and 220 are formed on the outside of the partition blocks 110 and 120 by a small cut block 210 made of the cut parts 21 of multiple integrated members SS1, a large cut block 220 made of the cut parts 22 of multiple separate members SS2, or a combination of the small cut block 210 and the large cut block 220. Therefore, multiple parallel shield tunnels can be adjacent to each other by contacting each other partially or partially with any degree of contact or overlapping with any degree of overlap. In this case, although a part of one of the segment rings R is cut due to the adjacency of the shield tunnels, the part is supported by the partition blocks 110 and 120 to maintain the space inside the tunnel, so that each can be constructed as an independent shield tunnel.

By applying this structure to the construction of a railway shield tunnel where two single-track shield tunnels are grounded onto one double-track shield tunnel, it is possible to significantly reduce the area of construction that would be done using open-cut construction methods in the ground-to-ground section, thereby minimizing the impact on the living environment of residents in the vicinity of the site and on ground traffic, and shortening the construction period.

The present invention also has the following distinct advantages: The various parts of the invention are further embodied as follows:

The integrated member SS1 is of a size that allows the entire member to be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield, with the entire cutting portion 21 being integrally molded from cutting members and the cutting portion 21 and the bulkhead portion 11 being joined together, and like the segment S, it is assembled to a part of the segment ring R by the shield's erector. This allows the bulkhead block 110 to be easily and efficiently formed in the space inside the tunnel and the cutting block 210 on its outside by construction roughly similar to that of normal shield construction methods.

In the integrated member SS1, the bulkhead portion 11 is made of a composite segment formed by integrating a steel shell 111 and concrete 114, and the cut portion 21 is made of a cut member whose base material is concrete, and the cut portion 21 is integrally joined to the bulkhead portion 11 via a stud dowel 31. This makes it possible to easily and efficiently form the bulkhead block 110 in the space inside the tunnel and the cut block 210 on its outside by construction generally similar to that of a normal shield construction method. Note that the same effects as those described above can be achieved even if the bulkhead portion 11 is made of a steel segment instead of the composite segment.
In this case, the stud dowels 31 are made of a material that can be cut with a shield, and are fastened to nuts 30 fixed to the bulkhead 11, so as to protrude from the bulkhead 11. As a result, there are no through holes in the steel shell 111, and no water paths are formed, so that when the steel shell 111 and the concrete 114 are integrated, no water leakage or infiltration occurs in the integrated member SS1.

The separate type member SS2 is composed of a cut segment 221 having an arc-shaped cross section and a size that allows the cut section 22 to be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield, and a cut filler 222 filled between the cut segment 221 and the partition wall 12, and the partition wall 12 and the cut filler 222 are attached later, and the cut segment 221 is assembled to a part of the segment ring R by the erector of the shield, similar to the segment S. This allows a part of the separate type member SS2 (cut block 221) to be easily and efficiently incorporated into a part of the segment ring R by construction generally similar to that of a normal shield construction method. In this case, the partition wall 12 and the cut filler 222 are attached later, but this construction can be performed after the shield is excavated, so there is no interference with the movable area of each part of the shield, the passage of the following cart, or various other equipment such as piping equipment and ventilation equipment, and there is no hindrance to construction by the normal shield construction method.
In this case, the separate member SS2 has a partition wall 12 made of a composite segment formed by integrating a steel shell 121 and concrete 124, a cut segment 221 made of a segment based on concrete, and a cut filler 222 containing liquefied treated soil and air mortar. This allows the partition wall block 120 to be easily and efficiently formed in the tunnel interior space, and the cut block 220 to be easily and efficiently formed on the outside of the partition wall 12. The same effects as those described above can be achieved even if the partition wall 12 is a steel segment instead of a composite segment.

The partition wall 12 of the separate type member SS2 is attached between the mounting parts 4 that protrude toward the inside of the vertical shield tunnel and have the same cross-sectional shape as the partition wall 12 on the segments S on both sides of the separate type member SS2. This allows the partition wall 12 of the separate type member SS2 to be attached smoothly and reliably between the segments S on both sides of the separate type member SS2.
In this case, a joint angle is provided at the segment joint surface P6 between the partition wall portion 12 of the separate member SS2 and each mounting portion 4. This allows the partition wall portion 12 of the separate member SS2 to be smoothly and reliably attached between the mounting portions 4 of the segments S on both sides of the separate member SS2.

The length of the partition wall 12 and the length of each mounting portion 4 of the separate type member SS2 are different between adjacent segment rings R so that the segment joint surfaces P6 between the partition wall 12 and each mounting portion 4 are staggered between adjacent segment rings R. This allows the partition wall 12 of the separate type member SS2 to be smoothly and reliably attached between the mounting portions 4 of the segments 12 on both sides of the separate type member SS2.

The partition wall 12 of the separate member SS2 is made up of multiple divided members 12P, and a joint angle is provided on the segment joint surface P4 of each divided member 12P. This allows the partition wall 12 of the separate member SS2 to be smoothly and reliably attached between the segments S on both sides of the separate member SS2.

The separate member SS2 has different lengths between adjacent segment rings R so that the segment joint surfaces P4 between the divided members 12P of the partition section 12 are staggered between adjacent segment rings R. This allows the partition section 12 of the separate member SS2 to be smoothly and reliably attached between the segments S on both sides of the separate member SS2.

When the height of the arc of the cutting section 22 of the separate member SS2 is expanded beyond the range that can secure the space required for the space inside the tunnel, a temporary wall section 13 is removably arranged in place of the partition section 12, the cutting section 22 is formed on the outside of the temporary wall section 13, and a temporary wall block 13 is formed by a plurality of temporary wall constituent segments 13. This makes it possible to deal with cases where the degree of overlap between each shield tunnel is expanded by expanding the height of the arc of the cutting block 220 beyond the range that can secure the space required for the space inside the tunnel.

In addition, this structure involves constructing each shield tunnel as an independent shield tunnel, rather than integrating the individual shield tunnels to create a large space.

T Shield tunnel R Segment ring S Segment with a circular cross section SS1 Segment with a special structure (integral component)
11 Partition wall portion 110 Partition wall block 111 Steel shell 112 Partition wall component portion 113 Connection portion 114 Concrete 21 Cutting portion 210 Cutting block SS2 Special structure segment (separate type member)
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 12 Partition wall portion 12P Dividing member 120 Partition wall block 121 Steel shell 122 Steel shell 124 Concrete 125 Concrete 22 Cutting portion 220 Cutting block 221 Cutting segment 222 Cutting filler material 13 Temporary wall portion 130 Temporary wall block 14 Middle wall 30 Nut 31 Stud dowel 32 Crack prevention bar 4 Mounting portion P1 Segment joint surface P2 Ring joint surface P3 Ring joint surface P4 Segment joint surface P5 Segment joint surface P6 Segment joint surface P7 Segment joint surface M2 Shield tunneling machine

Claims (8)

In a shield tunnel lining structure, a segment ring is formed by assembling a plurality of segments having an arc-shaped cross section into a ring shape inside a shield tunnel, and instead of some of the segments, a segment having a special structure is provided, which comprises a partition wall portion extending in a straight line in cross section between each segment on both sides of the partial segment, and a cutting portion formed on the outside of the partition wall portion and having an outer surface having an arc-shaped cross section continuing to the arcs of each segment on both sides, and the segments having the special structure are assembled in parallel in the tunnel axis direction together with the plurality of segments, so that a partition wall block is formed in the shield tunnel by the plurality of partition wall portions to hold the space inside the tunnel together with the plurality of segments, and a cutting block is formed on the outside of the partition wall portion.
The special structure segment is formed between the arc of the segment ring and a chord adjacent to the arc so that the segment ring can be assembled together with the segment, and includes a partition portion having a different length of the partition portion and a different arc length of the cutting portion, a small integral member having an integrated partition portion and a cutting portion, and a large separate member having a separate partition portion and a cutting portion,
The integral member is sized so as to be assembled by an erector mounted on a shield tunneling machine, and the entire cutting portion is integrally formed by a cutting member, and assembled as a part of the segment ring by the erector of the shield tunneling machine,
The separate type member is composed of a cutting segment having an arc-shaped cross section and a cutting filler material filled between the cutting segment and the partition section, and the cutting section is sized so that it can be assembled by an erector mounted on the shield machine, and the segments on both sides of the separate type member are provided with mounting sections that protrude toward the inside of the vertical shield tunnel with the same cross-sectional shape as the partition section so that the partition section can be attached between the segments on both sides, the partition section and the cutting filler material are attached later, and the cutting segment is assembled to a part of the segment ring by the erector of the shield machine,
The cutting block is composed of a small cutting block consisting of cutting parts of a plurality of the integrated members, or a large cutting block consisting of cutting parts of a plurality of the separate members, or a combination of the small cutting block and the large cutting block.
A shield tunnel lining structure characterized by the above features. 2. A shield tunnel lining structure as described in claim 1, wherein the partition wall portion of the integral member is made of a steel segment or a composite segment formed by integrating a steel shell with concrete, and the cutting portion is made of a cutting member having concrete as a base material, and the cutting portion is integrally joined to the partition wall portion via a stud dowel . 3. A shield tunnel lining structure as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the stud dowel is made of a material that can be cut by a shield tunneling machine, fastened to a nut fixed to the partition wall, and protrudes from the partition wall . A shield tunnel lining structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the separate-type component has a partition wall made of a steel segment or a composite segment integrating a steel shell with concrete, the cut segment is made of a segment having concrete as a base material, and the cut filler material includes fluidized treated soil and air mortar . 5. A shield tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 , wherein a joint angle is provided on a segment joint surface between the partition wall portion of the separate member and each mounting portion . A shield tunnel lining structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the separate type components have different lengths of the partition portions and the lengths of each mounting portion between adjacent segment rings so that the segment joint surfaces between the partition portions and each mounting portion are staggered between the adjacent segment rings . 7. A shield tunnel lining structure according to claim 1 , wherein the partition wall of the separate member is made up of a plurality of divided members, and a joint angle is provided on the segment joint surface of each of the divided members . A shield tunnel lining structure as described in claim 7, wherein the separate type components have different lengths between adjacent segment rings so that the segment joint surfaces between each divided member of the partition section are staggered between the adjacent segment rings .

Images