JP7589132B2 - Piping structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a piping structure.

The following Patent Document 1 describes a siphon drainage system that uses a siphon force to drain wastewater discharged from a water-related fixture and stored in a temporary storage tank.

JP 2011-256557 A

In the siphon drainage system of Patent Document 1, the inner diameter of the siphon drainage pipe is made smaller than the 20 to 25 mm inner diameter used in conventional siphon drainage systems, thereby shortening the time until the siphon force is activated (siphon generation time).

The amount of wastewater discharged per unit time differs for each plumbing fixture. For example, a toilet discharges less than 10 liters at a time, while a bathtub may discharge around 200 liters at a time. When draining such a large amount of wastewater, it may take a long time if the drain pipe has a small inner diameter.

In addition, if multiple siphon drain pipes with small inner diameters are installed, for example in an apartment building where the living space and plumbing space are separated by walls, multiple holes must be drilled in the wall to pass the siphon drain pipes through, which makes construction time-consuming.

In consideration of the above, the present invention aims to provide a piping structure that can shorten the siphoning time while suppressing an increase in drainage time, and is easy to install.

The piping structure described in claim 1 includes a plurality of first horizontal pipes arranged in a first region for discharging wastewater discharged from a water-related fixture in a horizontal direction, a junction pipe arranged in the first region for merging the plurality of first horizontal pipes into one, a vertical pipe arranged in a second region adjacent to the first region via a wall and generating a siphon force by causing the wastewater merged at the junction pipe to flow downward, and a second horizontal pipe that connects the junction pipe and the vertical pipe, penetrates a hole formed in the wall, discharges the wastewater discharged from the junction pipe to the vertical pipe, and has a length from the junction pipe to the wall set to 100 mm or more.

In the piping structure described in claim 1, multiple first horizontal pipes that discharge wastewater discharged from plumbing fixtures join at a junction, and a second horizontal pipe is connected to the junction. This second horizontal pipe is then connected to a vertical pipe. The wastewater that flows through the multiple first horizontal pipes joins at the junction and is guided to the vertical pipe via the second horizontal pipe. As the wastewater falls through the vertical pipe, a siphon force acts on the first and second horizontal pipes.

Here, a siphoning force acts on each first horizontal pipe as the combined wastewater falls down a single vertical pipe. For this reason, more wastewater collects in the vertical pipe compared to, for example, a case in which each first horizontal pipe is connected to a separate vertical pipe. In other words, the flow rate of wastewater required to generate a siphoning force can be secured quickly. This shortens the siphoning time.

In addition, since siphon force can be easily generated without reducing the inner diameter of the first horizontal pipe, the increase in drainage time associated with reducing the inner diameter of the first horizontal pipe can be suppressed.

It is possible to connect the junction pipe to the vertical pipe without providing a second horizontal pipe, but in this case, multiple first horizontal pipes would need to be passed through the wall, and multiple holes would need to be formed in the wall to pass the first horizontal pipes through, making construction complicated.

However, in the piping structure of claim 1, multiple first horizontal pipes are joined by a junction pipe in the first area, the junction pipe and the vertical pipe are connected by a second horizontal pipe, and the second horizontal pipe passes through a hole formed in the wall, so that the number of holes formed in the wall is reduced to a minimum of one, making construction easier.
If the length of the second horizontal pipe from the junction pipe to the wall is too short, the junction pipe will be too close to the wall, which will deteriorate the workability when connecting the junction pipe and the second horizontal pipe. Therefore, it is preferable to set the length of the second horizontal pipe from the junction pipe to the wall to 100 mm or more.

The invention described in claim 2 is the piping structure described in claim 1, in which the first area is a living space provided in a multi-story building, and the second area is a piping space in which the vertical pipe is connected and a drainage standpipe that penetrates the slabs of each floor of the building is arranged.

In the piping structure described in claim 2, the drainage water from multiple first horizontal pipes arranged in the living space of a building is joined in a joining pipe, the joined drainage water flows through a second horizontal pipe that penetrates a hole in the wall to a vertical pipe arranged in the piping space, and the drainage water from the vertical pipe can be discharged into a drainage standpipe.

If the junction pipe were to be placed in the piping space, it would have to occupy a larger area of piping space than if the junction pipe were installed in the living space, since it would have to be placed between the vertical pipe and the wall, which would result in the living space being narrower, which is undesirable.

On the other hand, in the piping structure of claim 2, the junction pipe is placed in the living space, so there is no need for space in the piping space to place the junction pipe, making it possible to narrow the piping space, and therefore making the living space larger by the amount of the narrowing of the piping space.

The invention described in claim 3 is the piping structure described in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the first horizontal pipe is set to be longer than the second horizontal pipe.

The second horizontal pipe is provided to reduce the number of holes to be formed in the wall, so it does not need to be longer than necessary and can be shorter than the first horizontal pipe.

The invention described in claim 4 is the piping structure described in claim 3, in which the second horizontal pipe has a length set to 1000 mm or less.

The length of the second horizontal pipe connecting the junction pipe and the vertical pipe is preferably set to 1000 mm or less. Because the wastewater is diverted to the vertical pipe through a single second horizontal pipe downstream of the junction pipe, if the second horizontal pipe is too long, the flow resistance increases, which is undesirable from the perspective of siphon drainage performance.

The invention described in claim 5 is a piping structure described in any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the total flow path cross-sectional area of the multiple first horizontal pipes is set to be greater than or equal to the flow path cross-sectional area of the second horizontal pipe.

By setting the total flow path cross-sectional area of the multiple first horizontal pipes to be greater than or equal to the flow path cross-sectional area of the second horizontal pipe, the wastewater can reach the vertical pipe more quickly, and the time it takes for siphon force to be generated can be shortened, compared to when the total flow path cross-sectional area of the multiple first horizontal pipes is set to be less than the flow path cross-sectional area of the second horizontal pipe.
Furthermore, by setting the total flow path cross-sectional area of the multiple first horizontal pipes greater than the flow path cross-sectional area of the second horizontal pipe, the flow rate of the wastewater becomes faster downstream, allowing the wastewater to reach the vertical pipe more quickly, and the time it takes for siphon force to be generated can be further shortened.

The piping structure of the present invention can reduce the time it takes for siphoning to occur while suppressing increases in drainage time, and also makes construction easier.

1 is a side view showing a piping structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a perspective view showing a piping structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a branch pipe of a piping structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a junction pipe of a piping structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Below, a piping structure 20 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Components indicated with the same reference numerals in each drawing are the same components. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and there may be multiple components.

In addition, explanations of configurations and symbols that are duplicated in each drawing may be omitted. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and may be implemented with appropriate modifications, such as omitting configurations or replacing them with different configurations, within the scope of the purpose of the present invention.

<Piping structure>
(Siphon drainage system)
1 and 2 show an outline of a piping structure 20 according to this embodiment. The piping structure 20 is a siphon drainage system structure that utilizes siphon force to discharge wastewater from a plumbing fixture 12. The piping structure 20 is used in a multi-story apartment building 10, which is an example of a building.

The piping structure 20 is equipped with a drainage standpipe 22 that drains wastewater downward. As an example, the drainage standpipe 22 is housed vertically (longitudinally) in a piping space (also called a meter box, pipe space, etc.) 10B, which is an area separate from each dwelling space 10A on each floor of the apartment building 10, and penetrates the slab 14 on each floor of the apartment building 10. The dwelling space 10A and the piping space 10B are partitioned by a wall 16.

A plumbing fixture 12 is provided in the living space 10A of each dwelling unit in the apartment building 10. The plumbing fixture 12 is, for example, a bathroom unit, and is formed by integrating a bathtub 12A and a washing area 12B.
A drain trap 12C with a drain outlet is provided on the floor of the washing area 12B, and the drain trap 12C combines the wastewater from the bathtub 12A and the wastewater from the washing area 12B and discharges it into the wastewater inlet pipe 24.

The downstream end of the wastewater inlet pipe 24 is connected to the primary storage tank 30, which will be described later. As a result, the wastewater inlet pipe 24 introduces wastewater discharged from the bathtub 12A and the washing area 12B of the plumbing fixtures 12 into the primary storage tank 30. The wastewater inlet pipe 24 and the primary storage tank 30 are disposed below the floor 18. It is preferable that the wastewater inlet pipe 24 is disposed with a slope so that the primary storage tank 30 side is lower.

The primary storage tank 30 is a storage tank for temporarily storing wastewater introduced from the plumbing fixtures 12 via the wastewater inlet pipe 24 and discharging it to the drainage standpipe 22. The primary storage tank 30 is formed of a resin material such as polyvinyl chloride. The primary storage tank 30 has a drainage section 30A on its side that discharges the wastewater that has flowed into the primary storage tank 30 to the downstream side.
As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the inner diameter d1 of the outlet of the drainage portion 30A is φ28.1 mm.

(Siphon drain pipe)
A siphon drain pipe 40 is connected to the drain section 30A. The siphon drain pipe 40 includes a horizontal pipe section 42 disposed along the slab 14, a vertical pipe section 44 extending vertically downstream of the horizontal pipe section 42, and a drop section 46 provided between the horizontal pipe section 42 and the vertical pipe section 44.

(Horizontal pipe section)
2, 3, and 4, the horizontal pipe section 42 includes a branch pipe 50, a joint 52, a first horizontal branch pipe 54, a first bent pipe 56, a joint 58, a second horizontal branch pipe 60, a joint 62, a second bent pipe 64, a joint 66, a junction pipe 68, and a wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70. The first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 are examples of the first horizontal pipe of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the branch pipe 50 of the siphon drain pipe 40 is connected to the drain section 30A of the primary storage tank 30 via a joint 48, but the branch pipe 50 of the siphon drain pipe 40 may be directly connected to the drain section 30A. The joint 48 may be provided as needed, and may not be required. The inner diameter d2 of the joint 48 in this embodiment is φ28.1 mm.

(Branch pipe)
As shown in FIG. 3, the branch pipe 50 includes a drainage section 30A of the primary storage tank 30, a straight pipe section 50A arranged on an extension line of the joint 48 and connected to the joint 48, and an inclined pipe section 50B connected to the side of the straight pipe section 50A in a plan view and extending at an angle θ with respect to the straight pipe section 50A.

The angle θ is preferably within a range of 15 to 45°, and is set to 25° in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter d3 of the straight pipe section 50A and the inner diameter d4 of the inclined pipe section 50B are each φ28.1 mm.

A first horizontal branch pipe 54 is connected to the downstream end of the straight pipe section 50A via a joint 52. A second horizontal branch pipe 60 is connected to the downstream end of the inclined pipe section 50B via a first bent pipe 56 and a joint 58. The first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 are arranged adjacent to each other and parallel to each other.

In this embodiment, the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 can each be, as an example, a polybutene pipe with a nominal diameter of 25J. In this embodiment, the inner diameter d5 of the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the inner diameter d6 of the second horizontal branch pipe 60 are each φ28.1 mm.

As shown in FIG. 4 , a junction pipe 68 is disposed downstream of the first lateral branch pipe 54 and the second lateral branch pipe 60 .
The junction pipe 68 of this embodiment is a joint having the same structure as the branch pipe 50 shown in Fig. 3. In the configuration of the junction pipe 68 shown in Fig. 4, the same components as those of the branch pipe 50 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the junction pipe 68, the connection relationship of the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 is different from that of the branch pipe 50 described above. The second horizontal branch pipe 60 is connected to the straight pipe section 50A of the junction pipe 68 via a joint 66, and the first horizontal branch pipe 54 is connected to the inclined pipe section 50B of the junction pipe 68 via a second bent pipe 64 and a joint 62.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4, a wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 is connected to the downstream end of the straight pipe section 50A of the junction pipe 68, and a drop section 46 is connected to the downstream end of the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70.
The wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 of this embodiment is, for example, a PVC pipe having a nominal diameter of 30 A. As shown in Fig. 4, the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 of this embodiment has an inner diameter d7 of φ30 mm.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the piping structure 20 of this embodiment, the plumbing fixture 12 to the junction pipe 68 are arranged in the living space 10A, and the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 downstream of the junction pipe 68 passes through a through hole 16A formed in the wall 16 and extends to the piping space 10B.

In this embodiment, the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 are set longer than the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70. The length L1 of the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 is preferably set to 1000 mm or less, taking into account the drainage resistance. If the length L2 of the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 from the junction pipe 68 to the wall 16 is too short, the junction pipe 68 will be too close to the wall 16, which will deteriorate the workability when connecting the junction pipe 68 and the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70. For this reason, it is preferable to set the length L2 of the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 from the junction pipe 68 to the wall 16 to 100 mm or more.

(Recessed part)
The drop section 46 is a curved pipe that discharges the wastewater discharged from the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70 toward the vertical pipe section 44.
In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the recessed portion 46 is φ28.1 mm, and the inner diameter of the upright pipe portion 44 is φ25 mm.

The vertical pipe section 44 generates a siphon force by dropping wastewater when it is full. The vertical pipe section 44 is arranged vertically along the drainage standpipe 22 and reaches the junction joint 26 of the drainage standpipe 22. The junction joint 26 is a joint member that merges the wastewater from the vertical pipe section 44 into the drainage standpipe 22.

In this embodiment, the primary storage tank 30 is connected to a vent pipe 72, which reaches the junction joint 26.

<Action and Effects>
Next, the operation and effects of the piping structure 20 of this embodiment will be described.

When wastewater is discharged from the plumbing fixture 12, it flows into the siphon drain pipe 40 via the wastewater inlet pipe 24 and the primary storage tank 30.

When draining using the siphon drain pipe 40, there is a time lag between when the drainage is discharged from the plumbing fixture 12 and when the drainage reaches the vertical pipe section 44 and a siphon force is generated in the vertical pipe section 44. Therefore, until the siphon force is generated, the drainage speed is slower than when the siphon force is applied to drain the water.

In the piping structure 20 of this embodiment, two pipes, a first horizontal branch pipe 54 and a second horizontal branch pipe 60, are provided upstream of the horizontal pipe section 42, so the internal pipe volume downstream of the plumbing fixture 12 is increased compared to when the horizontal pipe section 42 is configured with a single pipe up to the vertical pipe section 44.

Therefore, when a large amount of wastewater is discharged from the plumbing fixture 12 at one time, the wastewater can be made to flow into two pipes, the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60. Therefore, compared to when the wastewater is made to flow into a single horizontal pipe, the wastewater discharged from the plumbing fixture 12 can be made to flow downstream more quickly until siphon force is generated.

This prevents wastewater from overflowing from the drain trap 12C when a large amount of wastewater is discharged from the plumbing fixture 12 at one time.

However, if the distance from the plumbing fixture 12 to the vertical pipe section 44 becomes longer, in other words, if the length of the horizontal pipe section 42 becomes longer, the time until the siphon force is generated becomes longer compared to when the distance is shorter.

However, in the piping structure 20 of this embodiment, the wastewater discharged from the plumbing fixture 12 can be quickly flushed downstream before the siphon force is generated, making it possible to lengthen the distance from the plumbing fixture 12 to the vertical pipe section 44, in other words the horizontal pipe section 42, while preventing the wastewater from overflowing from the drain trap 12C. This also makes it possible to increase the degree of freedom in the placement of the plumbing fixture 12.

In the branch pipe 50 of the piping structure 20 of this embodiment, the inclined pipe section 50B is connected at an angle to the side of the straight pipe section 50A. In the inclined pipe section 50B, the direction of the wastewater flow is changed at the branch point of the branch pipe 50, causing a pressure loss.

Meanwhile, in the junction pipe 68, the wastewater discharged from the first horizontal branch pipe 54 flows into the inclined pipe section 50B of the junction pipe 68, the wastewater discharged from the second horizontal branch pipe 60 flows into the straight pipe section 50A of the junction pipe 68, and the wastewater that joins at the junction pipe 68 flows into the vertical pipe section 44 via the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70.

In the upstream branch pipe, when wastewater flows, pressure loss occurs in the inclined pipe section 50B, but in the straight pipe section 50A, pressure loss is kept to a minimum.
On the other hand, in the junction pipe 68 downstream of the junction pipe 68, when the wastewater discharged from the inclined pipe section 50B joins with the straight pipe section 50A, the flow direction of the wastewater is changed, resulting in a pressure loss. However, in the straight pipe section 50A, the flow direction of the wastewater discharged from the second horizontal branch pipe 60 does not change, so the pressure loss is kept to a minimum.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in the piping structure 20 of this embodiment, a junction pipe 68 is provided downstream of the branch pipe 50, which has a reversed connection relationship with the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 compared to the branch pipe 50. This allows the loss in the branch pipe 50 to be offset by the junction pipe 68, making the loss of wastewater flowing through the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the loss of wastewater flowing through the second horizontal branch pipe 60 nearly equal, allowing for efficient drainage.

In the apartment building 10 to which the piping structure 20 of this embodiment is applied, a wall 16 is provided between the living space 10A and the piping space 10B, but the junction pipe 68 is provided in the living space 10A, and the junction pipe 68 and the drop section 46 are connected by a single horizontal pipe 70 for passing through the wall. Therefore, only one through hole 16A for inserting the horizontal pipe section 42 of the siphon drain pipe 40 needs to be formed in the wall 16, making construction easier.

However, when the junction pipe 68 is placed in the piping space 10B, the junction pipe 68 must be placed between the vertical pipe section 44 and the wall 16, which requires a larger area for the piping space 10B than when the junction pipe 68 is placed in the living space 10A, which is undesirable as it narrows the living space 10A accordingly. However, in the piping structure 20 of this embodiment, the junction pipe 68 is placed in the living space 10A, so there is no need for space in the piping space 10B to place the junction pipe 68, and the piping space 10B can be narrowed, and the living space 10A can be widened by the amount of narrowing the piping space 10B.

The piping structure 20 can be set such that the total cross-sectional area of the straight pipe section 50A and the inclined pipe section 50B of the branch pipe 50 ≧ the total cross-sectional area of the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 ≧ the total cross-sectional area of the straight pipe section 50A and the inclined pipe section 50B of the junction pipe 68 ≧ the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70, and it is preferable to set the total cross-sectional area of the straight pipe section 50A and the inclined pipe section 50B of the branch pipe 50 > the total cross-sectional area of the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60 > the total cross-sectional area of the straight pipe section 50A and the inclined pipe section 50B of the junction pipe 68 > the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70.

By reducing the cross-sectional area of the piping downstream of the horizontal pipe section 42, the wastewater can reach the vertical pipe section 44 more quickly and generate siphon force more quickly, compared to when the cross-sectional area of the piping is constant downstream.

If the angle θ of the branch pipe 50 is less than 15°, the straight pipe section 50A and the inclined pipe section 50B will be too long to separate the connection parts with the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60, and as a result, the overall length of the branch pipe 50 will be too long. On the other hand, if the angle θ exceeds 45°, the flow of wastewater will suddenly change at the branch part, causing a large pressure loss, which is not preferable. The same applies to the junction pipe 68.

Other Embodiments
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various modified forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the wastewater from the plumbing fixture 12 flows through the primary storage tank 30 into the siphon drain pipe 40, but the primary storage tank 30 does not necessarily have to be provided, and the wastewater from the plumbing fixture 12 may flow directly into the siphon drain pipe 40.

In the above embodiment, as an example, the wastewater from the bathroom unit is separated and discharged through the primary storage tank 30 and the branch pipe 50 into the first horizontal branch pipe 54 and the second horizontal branch pipe 60, but the present invention is not limited to this. As an example, multiple horizontal pipes that drain wastewater from plumbing fixtures other than the bathroom unit (not shown, for example, a vanity unit, kitchen, etc.) may be joined together at a junction pipe and discharged into the wall-penetrating horizontal pipe 70.

In the above embodiment, the living space 10A corresponds to the first area of the present invention, and the piping space 10B corresponds to the second area of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the first area of the present invention may be an area other than the living space 10A where no one lives, and the second area of the present invention may be an area other than the piping space 10B.

The inner diameter of the piping described in the above embodiment is an example and can be changed as needed.

10...Apartment (building), 10A...Living space (first area), 10B...Plumbing space (second area), 12...Plumbing fixtures, 16...Wall, 16A...Through hole (hole), 20...Plumbing structure, 40...Siphon drain pipe, 42...Horizontal pipe section, 44...Vertical pipe section, 54...First horizontal branch pipe (first horizontal pipe), 60...Second horizontal branch pipe (first horizontal pipe), 70...Wall-penetrating horizontal pipe (second horizontal pipe)

Claims (5)

A plurality of first horizontal drainage pipes are arranged in the first area and discharge wastewater discharged from the plumbing fixtures in a horizontal direction;
a junction pipe disposed in the first region and junctioning the first horizontal pipes into one;
A vertical pipe is disposed in a second area adjacent to the first area via a wall, and generates a siphon force by causing the wastewater that has joined at the joining pipe to flow downward;
A second horizontal pipe that connects the junction pipe and the vertical pipe, penetrates a hole formed in the wall, discharges the wastewater discharged from the junction pipe to the vertical pipe, and has a length from the junction pipe to the wall of 100 mm or more;
A piping structure equipped with: The first area is a residential space in a multi-storey building;
The second area is a piping space to which the vertical pipe is connected and a drainage standpipe penetrating the slab of each floor of the building is arranged.
The piping structure according to claim 1 . The first horizontal pipe is set to be longer than the second horizontal pipe.
The piping structure according to claim 1 or 2. The second horizontal pipe has a length of 1000 mm or less.
The piping structure according to claim 3. The total flow path cross-sectional area of the plurality of first lateral pipes is set to be equal to or greater than the flow path cross-sectional area of the second lateral pipe.
The piping structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.