JP7590220B2 - Method for producing dried plants containing freshwater organisms - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing dry plants including freshwater organisms.

Traditionally, freshwater organisms such as Daphnia have been used as feed for ornamental fish and farmed fish. Farmed fish tend to prefer live bait as feed. Freshwater organisms are also useful as ornamental plants such as aquatic plants.

In order to provide a stable supply of freshwater organisms, they must be cultured in a state that allows them to multiply. Furthermore, they must be continuously cultured even during periods when they are not required to be supplied.

Freshwater organisms grow by being cultured in a culture solution containing food or nutrients. Freshwater organisms capable of growing are usually preserved and shipped, for example, in water or a culture solution. This preservation and shipping requires equipment for water temperature control, aeration, etc.

Freshwater organisms removed from water or culture solution dry out and cease activity. Resuscitating, culturing, and propagating dried freshwater organisms is difficult. This is especially true for multicellular organisms.

There is a demand for technology to preserve and deliver freshwater organisms that can grow without the need for water or culture solution. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a dried plant containing freshwater organisms that can be preserved and delivered at room temperature.

The production method according to the present invention is a method for producing a dried plant containing freshwater organisms, in which the dried plant is placed in water to revive the freshwater organisms.
(1) A culture step of culturing freshwater unicellular organisms (excluding Paramecium) or freshwater multicellular organisms in a culture solution;
and (2) a drying step of drying the freshwater unicellular organism, freshwater multicellular organism, or product thereof grown in the culturing step while adsorbing, attaching, or attaching to a microorganism or a plant containing microbial spores, the product being a spore, spore, egg, seed, stem, root, or leaf of the freshwater organism.

Preferably, the method of manufacture comprises:
(3) After the culturing step, the method further includes a concentration step of concentrating the culture solution containing the proliferated freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms, or producers thereof.

Preferably, the method of manufacture comprises:
(4) The method further includes a re-cultivation step of introducing the dried plant with the freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms or products thereof proliferated in the culturing step adsorbed, attached or secured thereto into water or a culture solution, and reviving and culturing the freshwater unicellular organisms or freshwater multicellular organisms.

Preferably, in this production method, the freshwater organism is cultured in the presence of a plant containing a microorganism or a microbial spore.

Preferably, the freshwater organism grows on microorganisms, which may include Bacillus subtilis or yeast.

Preferably, the freshwater unicellular organism is a species of the genus Chlorella or a yeast. Preferably, the freshwater multicellular organism is one or more selected from the group consisting of the genera Daphnia, Daphnia, Acanthurus, Acanthurus, and Echinodorus, or one or more selected from the phylum Rotifera.

The plant may comprise cereal husk, straw or bran. The plant may comprise dried fruit.

Preferably, the plant is one or more selected from the group consisting of rice straw, wheat straw, and hay. The plant may be a processed product whose main ingredient is a plant.

The manufacturing method of the present invention makes it possible to obtain a plant in a dried state that contains freshwater organisms, which can be easily revived and multiplied by being placed in water. This dried plant containing freshwater organisms is easy to store and distribute.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims.

The method for producing a dried plant containing freshwater organisms according to one embodiment of the present invention has a culturing step and a drying step as essential steps. The culturing step is a step of culturing freshwater unicellular organisms (excluding Paramecium) or freshwater multicellular organisms as freshwater organisms in a culture solution. The drying step is a step of drying the freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms or their products grown in the culturing step while adsorbing, attaching or attaching them to a microorganism or a plant containing a microbial spore. Preferably, this production method further includes a preparation step, a concentration step, a re-cultivation step and a diluted seawater culturing step. Each step will be described in detail below.

[Preparation process]
The preparation step is a step of preparing a culture solution to be used in the culture step. In this embodiment, a dried plant is placed in water and boiled, and then the boiled solution containing the plant is cooled and allowed to stand at room temperature to obtain a culture solution. Preferably, the culture solution contains bacteria (typically Bacillus subtilis) that serve as food for freshwater organisms and minerals that serve as nutrients. The culture solution may contain yeast.

In this preparation process, the water used to boil the dried plants is not particularly limited. Groundwater, stored water, etc. can be selected as appropriate and used. Stored water refers to tap water that has been exposed to sunlight for more than half a day to remove chlorine and other substances. In this preparation process, tap water can also be used as is.

As long as the dried plant contains a microorganism or a spore of a microorganism, the type of the plant is not particularly limited. Preferred microorganisms include Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and the like. Bacillus subtilis and yeast are widely present in nature, such as soil and plants. Therefore, a dried plant collected in a natural environment is preferably used. It may be a dried plant of the entire plant, or a dried part of a plant, such as a stem, leaf, root, husk, grain husk, fruit husk, or seed. Preferred dried plants include cereal husks, straw, bran, and the like. Rice straw, wheat straw, and hay are preferred because they are easy to obtain and inexpensive. As a dried plant containing yeast, dried fruit such as raisins are preferred. It is also possible to use a processed product made mainly from a plant as a dried plant. Preferred processed products include, for example, paper, cloth, and cotton.

Dry plants usually have a variety of microorganisms attached to them. By placing dry plants in water and boiling them, most of the microorganisms are killed, with the exception of some bacterial spores. In particular, the spores of Bacillus subtilis, which freshwater organisms prefer to eat, are highly heat-resistant. By boiling dry plants, other microorganisms that may adversely affect the cultivation of freshwater organisms are removed, and a boiled liquid containing the highly heat-resistant spores of Bacillus subtilis is obtained.

For example, by cooling the liquid obtained by boiling a dried plant and leaving the liquid at room temperature in a dark place without removing the plant, the spores of Bacillus subtilis will germinate and the bacteria will grow preferentially. The plant will also release minerals that contribute to the growth of freshwater organisms. This will produce a culture solution suitable for culturing freshwater organisms. The culture solution may be appropriately diluted depending on the growth state of the Bacillus subtilis. It is preferable to use drawn water for dilution.

In the preparation process, a part of the plant may be removed from the boiling liquid before cooling and dried at room temperature. This dried plant has been boiled. This dried plant contains spores of Bacillus subtilis and does not contain other microorganisms that may adversely affect the cultivation of freshwater organisms. This boiled dried plant can release Bacillus subtilis, which serves as food for freshwater organisms in water, and minerals that serve as nutrients.

In another embodiment, when dried fruit is used as the dried plant, in the preparation process, the dried fruit is placed in water and left to stand at room temperature or at about human body temperature without being boiled, to obtain a culture solution. This produces a culture solution containing yeast, which is a useful freshwater organism. Large dried fruit is preferably chopped or crushed in a mixer before use. Dried fruit with a small adsorption area is preferably pierced with a needle or the like.

[Cultivation process]
In the culture step, freshwater organisms as seeds are introduced into the prepared culture solution and cultured. Here, the freshwater organisms refer to organisms that live in and/or depend on freshwater, and may be either animal or plant organisms. In the case of animal organisms, they may be invertebrates or vertebrates.

In the present invention, the freshwater organisms that serve as seeds are freshwater unicellular organisms (excluding Paramecium) or freshwater multicellular organisms. There are no particular limitations on the type of organism as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained, but organisms that grow by feeding on microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and yeast are suitable for this production method.

In this specification, "freshwater unicellular organisms" also includes organisms in which multiple cells gather together to form colonies. Specific examples of freshwater unicellular organisms (excluding the genus Paramecium) include the genus Chlorella, the genus Chlamydomonas, the genus Scenedesmus, the genus Desmodesmus, the genus Closterium, the genus Cosmarium, the genus Ankistrodesmus, the genus Ceratium, the genus Pediastrum, the genus Cyclotella, the genus Coscinodiscus, the genus Rhizosolenia, and the genus Rhizosolenia. Examples of the genera include Chaetoceros, Dinophysis, Pinnularia, Navicula, Hydrodictyon, Characium, Planktosphaeria, Volvox, Euglena, Astasia, Cyclidiopsis, Lepocinclis, Phacus, and Stentor. From the viewpoint of usefulness, the genera Chlorella and Euglena are preferred. Other useful freshwater unicellular organisms include yeast. The type of yeast is not particularly limited, but baker's yeast, brewer's yeast, wine yeast, and the like, which are used as food and drink for humans, are preferred.

Specific examples of freshwater multicellular organisms include the genera Daphnia, Cyclops, Bosmina, Bosminopsis, Macrothrix, Camptocercus, Pleuroxus, Chydorus, Moina, Leptodora, Scapholeberis, Simocephalus, Ceriodaphnia, Sida, Diaphanosoma, Btachi onus, Schizocerca, Notholca, Epiphanes, Trichocerca, Branchinella, Paratya, Neocaridina, Palaemon, Triops, Cyzicus, Gammarus, Ampithoe, Gitanopsis, Ericthonius, Crangonyx, Macrobrachium, Geocrabs thelphusa, Semisulcospira, Spongilla, Eunapius, Ephydatia, Corbicula, Pisidium, Lethenteron, Aegagropila, Batrachospermum, Chara, Lamprothamnium, Nitellopsis, Nitella, Prasiola, Taxiphyllum (commonly known as Willow Moss), Echinodolus These include the genera Amplexicaule nodorus (commonly known as the Amazon sword plant), Sagittaria, Baldellia, Anubias, Spirodela, Bucephalandra, Cryptocoryne, Microsorum, Bolbitis, Cabomba, Limnophila, Ceratophyllum, Rotala, Hygrophila, Fissidens, and Riccardia. From the viewpoint of usefulness, one or more selected from the genera Daphnia, Daphnia, Acanthopsida, Acanthopsida, Acanthopsida, and Echinodorus, or one or more selected from the phylum Rotifera are preferred.

In this manufacturing method, the method of obtaining the freshwater organisms to be used as seeds is not particularly limited. For example, they may be collected from naturally occurring organisms in the outdoors, such as paddy fields, ponds, lakes, and streams, or purchased commercially. Freshwater organisms obtained by culturing a dried plant containing freshwater organisms obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention may also be used as seeds. The dried plant containing freshwater organisms may also be directly introduced into the culture solution as seeds.

The culture conditions for freshwater organisms in this manufacturing method are appropriately selected depending on the type of freshwater organism to be cultured. Typical culture conditions may be those for a human living and working environment, and the culture temperature is usually room temperature, 10°C to 30°C. 25°C is preferable for production efficiency. It may be heated to about human body temperature. When the freshwater organism is yeast, about 35°C, which is about human body temperature, is preferable, and when the freshwater organism is other than yeast, room temperature (about 25°C) is sufficient. The culture time is not particularly limited, and the culture may be continued until the organisms grow to a predetermined density. In this manufacturing method, the growth state of the freshwater organisms is observed using a magnifying glass, microscope, etc., and when the grown freshwater organisms are not localized but are ubiquitous in the culture solution, it is determined that the organisms have grown to a high density. Note that it is preferable to avoid direct sunlight in order to suppress excessive temperature changes in the culture solution, but it is preferable to irradiate light as necessary when culturing organisms that perform photosynthesis and organisms that coexist with them.

In the culture process, the freshwater unicellular organisms and freshwater multicellular organisms introduced into the culture solution grow by feeding on Bacillus subtilis and minerals in the culture solution. In addition, the freshwater organisms produce spores, blastocysts, eggs, seeds, etc. while growing in the culture process. For example, Daphnia eggs hatch in water or culture solution to produce adult Daphnia. In addition, in the case of willow moss, stems, roots, leaves, etc., which are parts of the adult moss, germinate to produce adult Daphnia. In this specification, anything that has the function of producing adult freshwater organisms in water or culture solution is collectively referred to as a "producing organism." Therefore, in this application, the "producing organism" is a concept that includes spores, blastocysts, eggs, seeds, stems, roots, leaves, etc. of freshwater organisms.

In a preferred embodiment, in the culture step, freshwater organisms are cultured in a culture solution containing the dried plant after the boiling treatment described above. As described above, the dried plant after the boiling treatment contains spores of Bacillus subtilis. This dried plant releases Bacillus subtilis and minerals in the culture solution. The released Bacillus subtilis and minerals replenish the Bacillus subtilis and minerals consumed by the freshwater organism during culture. In the process of culturing freshwater organisms in the presence of a plant containing Bacillus subtilis spores, it is not necessary to add other nutrient sources such as bacteria. However, other nutrient sources may be added as necessary.

In another preferred embodiment, in the culture step, yeast is cultured in a culture solution containing dried fruit. As described above, dried fruit contains a small amount of yeast. This culture step makes it possible to utilize the small amount of yeast contained in the dried fruit. If necessary, grain bran, boiled grain liquid, sugar water, etc. may be added to the culture solution. The type of yeast obtained may differ depending on the type of culture solution.

[Drying process]
In the drying step, the freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms, or products thereof grown in the culturing step are dried while being adsorbed, attached, or attached to a microorganism or a plant containing microbial spores. By being dried, the freshwater organisms or products thereof adsorbed, attached, or attached to the plant temporarily cease their activity and enter a dormant state. Here, the "dormant state" refers to a state in which the freshwater organisms temporarily cease their activity, and can be revived, hatched, or germinated by being placed in water or a culture solution.

From the viewpoint of ease of resuscitation, hatching, or germination, freshwater organisms or products thereof that are adsorbed, attached, or established on plants are preferably freshwater unicellular organisms and their spores, as well as spores, eggs, seeds, stems, roots, and leaves of freshwater multicellular organisms.

For example, the dried plant after the boiling treatment described above may be immersed in the culture solution after the culture step, mixed with the freshwater organism or its product, and then dried while allowing the freshwater organism or its product to adsorb, attach or live on the plant, thereby obtaining a dried plant containing the dormant freshwater organism or its product. In addition, in an embodiment in which the culture step is performed in the presence of a plant containing spores of Bacillus subtilis, the freshwater organism or its product may be adsorbed, attached or live on the plant even during the culture. In this case, after the culture step, without adding any new dried plant, the freshwater organism or its product remaining in the culture solution may be further adsorbed, attached or live on the plant while drying, thereby obtaining a dried plant to which the dormant freshwater organism or its product is adsorbed, attached or live on.

The drying method in the drying step is preferably natural drying or air drying at room temperature. In this specification, room temperature means 10°C or higher and 30°C or lower. To avoid contamination with foreign substances, it is preferable to dry in a closed environment (e.g., indoors).

The drying time is adjusted appropriately by observing the color of the plant to which the freshwater organism or its product is adsorbed, attached or taken up. As moisture is removed in the drying process, the color of the plant changes from a dark color to a light color. It is preferable to end the drying process when this color change disappears by visual observation. More preferably, when the obtained freshwater organism-containing dried plant is sealed in a plastic bag or the like, it is dried until no water vapor or the like adheres to the inside after a certain period of time. The moisture content of the freshwater organism-containing dried plant obtained by drying to this state is about 10% by mass or less. This moisture content is determined as the mass loss rate after heating at 100°C for 2 hours.

When the freshwater organism-containing dried plant obtained by this manufacturing method is put into water or a culture solution, the dormant freshwater organisms are revived and multiplied, or the freshwater organisms hatch or germinate from the producing bodies and grow. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, a freshwater organism-containing dried plant is obtained in which the revive rate, hatch rate, germination rate, etc. of the freshwater organisms are dramatically improved compared to a simple dried body of the freshwater organism. In addition, this freshwater organism-containing dried plant contains microorganisms or microbial spores. When this dried plant is put into water, it releases microorganisms and minerals. The revived, hatched, or germinated freshwater organisms feed on these microorganisms and minerals and grow or multiply to a high density in a few days. According to this freshwater organism-containing dried plant, it is not necessary to add a nutrient source to the culture solution for a certain period of time. A user who obtains this freshwater organism-containing dried plant can easily obtain the multiplied or grown freshwater organisms by putting it into water or the like and culturing it as necessary. In addition, unlike conventional dry yeast, the yeast obtained by this manufacturing method does not contain any additives such as emulsifiers during production. Therefore, when bread is made using the yeast obtained by this manufacturing method, there is an advantage that no additives remain in the bread.

Furthermore, if this freshwater organism-containing dried plant is produced, sealed in a plastic bag or the like, and stored at room temperature for one year, and then opened and placed in water, the freshwater organisms will revive or emerge. No equipment such as a refrigerator is required to store this freshwater organism-containing dried plant. Furthermore, this freshwater organism-containing dried plant is lightweight. This freshwater organism-containing dried plant can be shipped sealed in a plastic bag or the like, and distributed at room temperature using normal distribution processes. This production method reduces storage and transportation costs.

[Concentration process]
In this production method, a concentration step may be performed after the culture step and before the drying step. In the concentration step, the culture solution containing the freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms, or their producers grown in the culture step is concentrated. By subjecting the concentrated culture solution to a drying step, a dried plant to which the freshwater organisms or their producers are densely adsorbed, attached, or attached can be obtained. This further improves the resuscitation rate, hatching rate, germination rate, etc. of the freshwater organisms.

As long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained, the concentration ratio is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected depending on the type of freshwater organism. From the viewpoint of high density, the higher the concentration ratio, the more preferable, and it is preferable to concentrate to the maximum concentration at which the freshwater organisms being cultured can survive. As the concentration method, a known method such as filtration or centrifugation is selected and used.

[Re-culture process]
In this manufacturing method, a re-culture step may be performed after the drying step. In the re-culture step, the plant that has been dried while adsorbing, attaching or attaching the freshwater unicellular organism, freshwater multicellular organism or product thereof grown in the culture step is again placed in water or culture solution, and the freshwater unicellular organism or freshwater multicellular organism is revived or generated and cultured. It is preferable to culture in the presence of a plant containing spores of Bacillus subtilis. Preferably, drawn water is used as the water.

In the re-cultivation process, the freshwater organisms that are tolerant to dry conditions resume their activity and grow when the desiccated plant containing freshwater organisms is introduced into water. On the other hand, freshwater organisms that are tolerant to dry conditions do not revive or grow only at a slow rate when introduced back into water. In other words, in this re-cultivation process, freshwater organisms that are tolerant to dry conditions grow preferentially.

In the manufacturing method according to this embodiment, in the re-culture step, a plant containing freshwater organisms that have been revived from a dormant state and proliferated is again subjected to the drying step. This allows for a dried plant to be obtained that selectively contains freshwater organisms with high revival rates, hatching rates, germination rates, etc. In the re-culture step, the culture conditions described above in the culture step can be used. The culture conditions in the re-culture step and the culture step may be the same or different. Conditions that suppress excessive temperature changes in the culture solution are preferred.

In the manufacturing method according to this embodiment, the re-cultivation step and the drying step may be repeated multiple times. This allows freshwater organisms with excellent desiccation resistance to be selected, and a dried plant containing freshwater organisms that revive and grow in a short period of time is obtained. When the re-cultivation step is repeated multiple times, the culture conditions in each step may be the same or different.

[Diluted seawater culture process]
The diluted seawater culture step is a step of introducing the freshwater organism-containing dried plant after the drying step into diluted seawater and culturing the freshwater organism in the presence of the plant. Here, diluted seawater means seawater diluted by 2 times or more. Usually, freshwater organisms cannot survive in seawater or their activity is significantly reduced. This diluted seawater culture step is a step of selecting freshwater organisms that have tolerance to seawater diluted at least 2 times (hereinafter referred to as partial tolerance to seawater).

In the diluted seawater culture process, dried plants containing freshwater organisms are introduced into diluted seawater, causing the freshwater organisms with high partial tolerance to seawater to resume their activity and grow. For example, dried plants containing Bacillus subtilis spores release Bacillus subtilis bacteria with partial tolerance to seawater and minerals. The revived freshwater organisms feed on the Bacillus subtilis bacteria and minerals and grow in the diluted seawater. On the other hand, freshwater organisms with low partial tolerance to seawater do not revive or grow at a low rate.

Preferably, in the diluted seawater culture step, freshwater organisms are cultured for several days using diluted seawater with gradually increasing dilution ratios, such as 8-fold dilution, 4-fold dilution, 3-fold dilution, 2.5-fold dilution, 2.2-fold dilution, and 2-fold dilution. This allows freshwater organisms with partial tolerance to seawater to grow efficiently and at high density.

Diluted seawater is obtained by diluting collected seawater to a predetermined concentration with stored water or groundwater. In the diluted seawater culture process, the dilution ratio may be changed by adding a predetermined amount of seawater as the original solution while continuing the culture. In the diluted seawater culture process, the culture conditions described above in the culture process can be used. Conditions that suppress excessive temperature changes in the culture solution are preferred.

The culture solution after the diluted seawater culture step is again subjected to a drying step. In the drying step, the freshwater organisms or their products grown in the diluted seawater are adsorbed, attached or attached to a plant containing Bacillus subtilis spores, and then dried, to obtain a dried plant containing the freshwater organisms or their products capable of reviving and growing in diluted seawater. Furthermore, according to this manufacturing method, Bacillus subtilis with high resistance to diluted seawater is selected in the diluted seawater culture step. This dried plant containing freshwater organisms can release Bacillus subtilis and minerals that serve as food for the freshwater organisms in diluted seawater.

When the dried plant containing freshwater organisms obtained by the manufacturing method according to this embodiment is placed in diluted seawater, the freshwater organisms that are partially tolerant to seawater revive, hatch, or germinate, and grow or proliferate by feeding on the Bacillus subtilis bacteria and minerals released from the plant.

(Application)
When the freshwater organism-containing dried plant obtained by the production method according to the present invention is placed in water, the dormant freshwater organisms quickly resume their activity. The freshwater organisms that have resumed their activity can use the microorganisms or minerals released from the plant as food during proliferation or growth. The water into which the freshwater organism-containing dried plant is placed may be the previously described drawn water or tap water. If necessary, the previously described culture solution may be added as a nutrient source.

Freshwater organisms obtained using dried plants containing freshwater organisms are suitable for use as feed for farmed fish, including juvenile fish. Freshwater organisms that are partially tolerant to seawater have a longer survival period in seawater than conventional freshwater organisms, and can therefore be used, for example, as live bait for not only freshwater fish but also saltwater fish. When used as feed for farmed fish, the plants may be removed by filtration or the like, and the liquid containing freshwater organisms and microorganisms may be fed. The liquid containing freshwater organisms and microorganisms may be used as feed for livestock such as cows and horses, or as feed for pets such as dogs and cats. Dried plants containing freshwater organisms can also be used as feed for livestock as they are.

When the dried plant contains yeast as a freshwater organism, a yeast liquid can be obtained by placing the dried plant in lukewarm water at about human body temperature and leaving it for several hours. Sugar can be added to the lukewarm water into which the dried plant is placed. The resulting yeast liquid can be used as part of the water used to knead bread. Depending on the type of yeast, it can also be used to produce alcoholic beverages.

The effects of the present invention will be clarified by the following examples, but the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited based on the description of these examples. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all freshwater organisms were cultured indoors (25°C ± 5°C). In addition, while stored water was used in the following tests, similar results can be obtained with ordinary water (e.g. tap water).

[Example 1]
First, an appropriate amount of tap water was drawn into a container and exposed to sunlight for more than half a day to prepare drawn water. Next, a bundle of rice straw cut to a length of 1 to 3 cm and an amount of drawn water sufficient to immerse the rice straw were placed in a 10 L container and boiled for 5 to 10 minutes. Approximately 2/3 of the rice straw was removed from the resulting dark brown boiled liquid and allowed to dry naturally at room temperature.

Next, the boiled liquid containing about one-third of the rice straw was cooled to room temperature, and then diluted with drawn water until its color changed from dark brown to light brown to obtain a culture solution.

In the cultivation process, a culture solution was poured into a cultivation tank to a depth of 1-5 cm, and Chlorella collected in the field was added. The solution was left to stand at room temperature for 7 days, and the Chlorella was cultivated in the presence of rice straw. During cultivation, the growth state of the Chlorella was observed under a microscope. Cultivation was continued until the Chlorella had grown to a high density in the culture solution.

Next, boiled and dried rice straw was added to the tank where the Chlorella was growing at high density, and the tank was thoroughly stirred for several minutes. Some of the culture solution in the tank was absorbed by the rice straw.

In the drying process, all the rice straw was removed from the water tank, lightly drained, and then dried by blowing air at room temperature, away from direct sunlight. This resulted in a dried plant containing freshwater organisms (1). It was confirmed that dried chlorella was adsorbed onto the dried plant containing freshwater organisms (1).

[Example 2-4]
Freshwater organism-containing dried plants (2) to (4) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Daphnia, Moinidae, Neocaridina, and Palaemon paucidens were used as freshwater organisms. It was confirmed that eggs produced in the culture process by Daphnia, Moinidae, Neocaridina, and Palaemon paucidens were adsorbed in a dry state onto the freshwater organism-containing dried plants (2) to (4).

[Examples 5-6]
Freshwater organism-containing dried plants (5)-(6) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Amazon sword plant (Echinodorus amazonicus) and Taxiphyllum barbieri (Taxiphyllum barbieri) were used as freshwater organisms. It was confirmed that runners (side shoots) of Amazon sword plant were attached in a dry state to freshwater organism-containing dried plant (5). It was confirmed that dried Taxiphyllum barbieri (adult) was attached in a dry state to freshwater organism-containing dried plant (6).

[Example 7]
In Example 7, the culture step was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the concentration step was carried out before the drying step. In the concentration step, the culture solution (containing rice straw) after the culture step was filtered and concentrated until its volume was reduced to about half. Thereafter, the drying step was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, to obtain a freshwater organism-containing dried plant (7).

[Example 8]
In Example 8, the culturing step and the drying step were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the re-culturing step was carried out.

In the re-cultivation process, the freshwater organism-containing dried plant (1) obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was placed in an appropriate amount of drawn water and allowed to stand at room temperature. After confirming that the Chlorella had proliferated by observation under a microscope, the drying process was carried out again. Thereafter, the re-cultivation process and the drying process were repeated five times to obtain the freshwater organism-containing dried plant (8).

[Example 9]
In Example 9, the culturing step and drying step were carried out in the same manner as in Example 8, and the re-cultivation step and drying step were each repeated five times, after which a diluted seawater culturing step was carried out.

In the diluted seawater culture process, the freshwater organism-containing dried plant (8) obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 was placed in 8-fold diluted seawater and left to stand at room temperature for 2 days. After that, a predetermined amount of the original seawater was added, and the plant was cultured for 2 days each in 4-fold, 3-fold, 2.5-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2-fold diluted seawater. After confirming that the Chlorella had proliferated by observation under a microscope, the drying process was carried out again to obtain the freshwater organism-containing dried plant (9).

[Comparative Example 1]
In Comparative Example 1, Chlorella was cultured using a culture solution that did not contain rice straw. Thereafter, the culture solution containing the grown Chlorella was naturally dried to obtain dried Chlorella.

(Culture test 1)
The freshwater organism-containing dried plants (1)-(8) obtained in Examples 1-8 and the dried chlorella obtained in Comparative Example 1 were stored in the air at room temperature away from direct sunlight for 3 weeks, and then placed in an appropriate amount of stored water and allowed to stand at room temperature for 7 days. As a result, the freshwater organisms in the freshwater organism-containing dried plants (1)-(8) were resuscitated, hatched, or germinated and multiplied, respectively. On the other hand, no resuscitation or multiplication was observed in the dried chlorella of Comparative Example 1.

(Culture test 2)
The freshwater organism-containing dried plant (9) obtained in Example 9 was placed in an appropriate amount of diluted seawater (dilution ratio: 2 times) and allowed to stand at room temperature for 7 days. As a result, it was confirmed that the freshwater organisms were revived and multiplied.

[Example 10]
First, the above-mentioned stored water and commercially available raisins were prepared. The raisins were placed in a volume of water sufficient to completely submerge them, to prepare a culture solution. Baker's yeast was placed in the culture solution, and the solution was cultured at about 35°C for 7 days with appropriate stirring to allow the baker's yeast to grow. After that, the solution was kept at about 35°C and dried with air blowing for about 1 day with appropriate stirring to obtain the freshwater organism-containing dried plant (10) of Example 10.

Next, an appropriate amount of water and sugar was added to a small amount of freshwater organism-containing plant (10), and the mixture was left to stand at about 35°C for about one day while being appropriately stirred. As a result, it was confirmed that the yeast attached to the freshwater organism-containing dried plant (10) was revived and multiplied.

The method described above can also be applied to the production of dried plants containing various useful aquatic organisms that can be revived.

Claims (12)

A culturing step of culturing freshwater unicellular organisms (excluding Paramecium) or freshwater multicellular organisms in a culture solution as freshwater organisms;
A drying step in which the freshwater unicellular organism, freshwater multicellular organism, or product thereof grown in the culturing step is dried while being adsorbed, attached, or adhered to a microorganism or a plant containing a spore of a microorganism;
It has
The producer is a spore, a spore, an egg, a seed, a stem, a root or a leaf of the freshwater organism;
This method for producing a dried plant containing freshwater organisms comprises placing the dried plant in water, whereby the freshwater organisms are revived. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a concentration step of concentrating the culture solution containing the grown freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms, or their producers, after the culture step. The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a re-cultivation step of introducing the plant, which has been dried while adsorbing, attaching or attaching the freshwater unicellular organisms, freshwater multicellular organisms or products thereof grown in the culturing step, into water or a culture solution, and reviving and culturing the freshwater unicellular organisms or freshwater multicellular organisms. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the freshwater organism is cultured in the presence of a plant containing the microorganism or a spore of the microorganism. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the freshwater organisms grow by feeding on the microorganisms. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the microorganism comprises Bacillus subtilis or yeast. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the freshwater unicellular organism is a member of the genus Chlorella or a yeast. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the freshwater multicellular organism is one or more selected from the group consisting of the genera Daphnia, Daphnia, Acanthurus, Acanthurus, and Echinodorus, or one or more selected from the phylum Rotifera. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plant includes cereal husk, straw or bran. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plant includes dried fruit. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the plant is one or more selected from the group consisting of rice straw, wheat straw, and hay. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the plant is a processed product whose main raw material is a dried plant.