JP7590366B2 - CREDIT MANAGEMENT DEVICE, CREDIT MANAGEMENT METHOD, AND CREDIT MANAGEMENT PROGRAM - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a credit management device, a credit management method, and a credit management program.

Patent Document 1 discloses a method and system for renting dental equipment that can reduce the burden of administrative procedures and maintenance and inspections associated with the introduction of dental equipment (see paragraph 0006 of Patent Document 1, etc.).

JP 2007-115064 A

In the rental industry as described in Patent Document 1 above, it is necessary to manage credit risk taking into account rental items. In other words, it is necessary to consider the risk of damage or loss of a product currently rented to a certain customer as a receivable balance and then determine at the order entry stage whether further sales or rentals of products to that customer are permitted.

However, in the past, it was difficult to set the appropriate receivable balance for rental items. If the rental fee was used as the receivable balance, it would be too low, and conversely, if the item were sold instead of rented, the sales price would be too high, and neither amount reflected the reality.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a credit management device, a credit management method, and a credit management program that can perform credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of rental items by setting the monthly rental fee for N months as the receivable balance for the rental item.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the credit management device of the present invention is a credit management device equipped with a control unit and a storage unit, capable of performing credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of rental items, and the storage unit stores a credit limit management master including a credit limit amount, a months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the receivable amount corresponding to the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out that has not yet been received, and outgoing data including the outgoing quantity of the rental items and the incoming quantity of the rental items, and the control unit calculates the rental loan amount based on the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental items, and the number of months in the months management master. The system includes a loan balance calculation means for calculating the outstanding amount, a credit balance calculation means for calculating the credit balance based on the backlog amount, the rental loan balance calculated by the loan balance calculation means, and the accounts receivable balance, a credit limit acquisition means for acquiring the credit limit from the credit limit management master, and a message display means or a credit management summary table generation means, wherein the message display means displays a predetermined message when the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means exceeds the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition means, and the credit management summary table generation means generates a credit management summary table including the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means and the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition means.

In addition, in the credit management device according to the present invention, the loan balance calculation means calculates the rental loan balance when the rental item is rented on a monthly basis by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data by the order price for renting the rental item for one month and the number of months in the month number management master.

In addition, in the credit management device according to the present invention, the months management master further includes the number of days for calculating the remaining rental loan amount, and the remaining loan amount calculation means, when the rental item is rented on a daily basis, calculates the remaining rental loan amount by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data by the order unit price for renting the rental item for one day, the number of days in the months management master, and the number of months in the months management master.

The credit management device according to the present invention is also characterized in that the number of months in the month number management master is calculated based on the purchase cost of the rental item and the monthly rental fee for the rental item.

In addition, in the credit management device according to the present invention, the message display means displays a warning message to ask the operator whether to continue order entry when the limit is exceeded, or a message indicating that entry is not possible to make the operator aware that order entry cannot be continued when the limit is exceeded.

In addition, in the credit management device according to the present invention, the credit management summary table generating means generates the credit management summary table which further includes the credit limit unused amount calculated by subtracting the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means from the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition means, and the credit limit consumption rate calculated by dividing the credit balance by the credit limit.

In addition, the credit management method according to the present invention is a credit management method that can perform credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of rental items, which is executed by an information processing device having a control unit and a storage unit, and the storage unit stores a credit limit management master including a credit limit amount, a months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the receivable amount corresponding to the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out that has not yet been received, and outgoing data including the outgoing quantity of the rental items and the incoming quantity of the rental items, and a loan balance calculation program executed by the control unit calculates the rental loan balance based on the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental items, and the number of months in the months management master. a credit balance calculation step of calculating the credit balance based on the backlog of orders, the rental loan balance calculated in the credit balance calculation step, and the accounts receivable balance; a credit limit acquisition step of acquiring the credit limit from the credit limit management master; and a message display step or a credit management summary table generation step, in which the message display step displays a predetermined message when the credit balance calculated in the credit balance calculation step exceeds the credit limit acquired in the credit limit acquisition step, and the credit management summary table generation step generates a credit management summary table including the credit balance calculated in the credit balance calculation step and the credit limit acquired in the credit limit acquisition step.

In addition, the credit management program of the present invention is a credit management program that can perform credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of rental items, and is to be executed by an information processing device having a control unit and a storage unit, and the storage unit stores a credit limit management master including a credit limit amount, a months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the receivable amount for the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out that has not yet been received, and outgoing data including the outgoing quantity of the rental items and the incoming quantity of the rental items, and stores a rental loan balance calculation program that can be executed by the control unit, the rental loan balance calculation program that calculates the rental loan balance based on the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental items, and the number of months in the months management master. The method includes a remaining amount calculation step, a receivable balance calculation step for calculating the receivable balance based on the backorder amount, the rental loan balance calculated in the remaining loan amount calculation step, and the accounts receivable balance, a credit limit acquisition step for acquiring the credit limit from the credit limit management master, and a message display step or a credit management summary table generation step, in which the message display step displays a predetermined message when the receivable balance calculated in the receivable balance calculation step exceeds the credit limit acquired in the credit limit acquisition step, and the credit management summary table generation step generates a credit management summary table including the receivable balance calculated in the receivable balance calculation step and the credit limit acquired in the credit limit acquisition step.

According to the present invention, by setting the monthly rental fee for N months as the receivable balance for the rental item, it is possible to perform credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of the rental item.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a credit management device. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of credit management in a conventional example and credit management in this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of items in the master and data used in this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a processing flow according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the billing destination master, the contract classification master, and the basic information master. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the order data. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the outgoing data and the incoming data. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of sales data. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the deposit data and the accounts receivable balance data. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of the backlog amount. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of the remaining rental amount. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of calculation of the accounts receivable balance. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the order input screen. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a warning message. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of the input prohibited message. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a credit management summary table.

Below, an embodiment of a credit management device, a credit management method, and a credit management program according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[1. Overview]
For rental contracts, orders are received during the initial transaction period, so the backlog of orders during this period is added to the rental receivables balance and added to the credit risk. However, in reality, contracts are sometimes extended depending on the progress of the construction site, and judging the contract period based on the order amount often does not match the actual contract period.

In addition, rental materials can be converted into cash and are worth several dozen times the rental fee, so the risk of damage or loss cannot be determined by the order amount. That being said, if the purchase price were considered a risk, it would be too high and would not be suitable for practical use.

Therefore, in this embodiment, for example, when performing credit management, if credit risk management is performed as the receivable balance including not only the receivables that have been generated but also backlog of orders that are expected to be generated in the future, it is possible to perform credit management for rental contracts by setting the receivable balance according to the value of the rental materials currently on loan, rather than performing credit management based on the order (contract) amount as the backlog.

Specifically, for rental contracts, a system was created that allows N months' worth of rental fees, calculated by a simple method based on the value of the rented materials, to be treated as rental receivables. Note that "N months" can be set based on the rental fee agreement for each adopting company.

In addition, in this embodiment, for example, the following amounts 1 to 3 can be calculated in real time, thereby enabling the debt balance to be calculated quickly.
1. Sales order balance amount at the time of order entry 2. Loan balance amount at the time of rental out entry and rental in entry 3. Accounts receivable balance at the time of sales entry and rental sales recording The status calculated in real time can be confirmed in the credit management summary table and each entry, and input checks can be performed by setting the billing destination master.

In this way, by using a system that calculates an amount appropriate to the value of rental materials currently on loan, we have succeeded in reducing future credit risk for rental receivables, which often have loan extensions. In other words, this embodiment makes it possible to appropriately manage risk for rental items, which, unlike regular product sales, require long-term risk management.

In this embodiment, for example, for rental receivables that cannot be understood without performing rental calculations, the credit limit consumption rate is calculated in real time, making it possible to check the situation. Furthermore, in this embodiment, for example, the rental loanable amount at the time of quotation and order receipt can be instantly checked.

For reference, an image of credit management in the conventional example and in this embodiment is shown in Figure 2. In the conventional example, the credit risk of rental items was determined by the "order amount," so when the rental period of the rental item was extended, there were areas where the credit risk could not be detected (areas shown by dotted hatching in Figure 2). In contrast, in this embodiment, as shown in the row "+ Loan balance (N months' rental fee is determined as the loan balance depending on the setting)" in Figure 2, the credit risk of rental items is determined by the "loan balance" rather than the "order amount," so credit risk can be detected immediately up until the rental item is received. The specific configuration and operation are explained below.

2. Configuration
An example of the configuration of the credit management device 100 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the credit management device 100.

The credit management device 100 is a commercially available desktop personal computer. Note that the credit management device 100 is not limited to a stationary information processing device such as a desktop personal computer, but may be a portable information processing device such as a commercially available notebook personal computer, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), smartphone, or tablet personal computer.

The credit management device 100 includes a control unit 102, a communication interface unit 104, a memory unit 106, and an input/output interface unit 108. Each unit of the credit management device 100 is connected to each other so as to be able to communicate with each other via any communication path.

The communication interface unit 104 communicatively connects the credit management device 100 to the network 300 via a communication device such as a router and a wired or wireless communication line such as a dedicated line. The communication interface unit 104 has a function of communicating data with other devices via the communication line. Here, the network 300 has a function of connecting the credit management device 100 and the server 200 so that they can communicate with each other, and is, for example, the Internet or a LAN (Local Area Network). Note that data such as various masters described below may be stored in the server 200, for example.

An input device 112 and an output device 114 are connected to the input/output interface unit 108. The output device 114 may be a monitor (including a home television), a speaker, or a printer. The input device 112 may be a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, or a monitor that works with a mouse to provide a pointing device function. In the following, the output device 114 may be referred to as the monitor 114, and the input device 112 may be referred to as the keyboard 112 or the mouse 112.

The storage unit 106 stores various databases, tables, files, and the like. The storage unit 106 records computer programs that work in cooperation with the OS (Operating System) to give instructions to the CPU (Central Processing Unit) to perform various processes. The storage unit 106 can be, for example, a memory device such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) or a ROM (Read Only Memory), a fixed disk device such as a hard disk, a flexible disk, an optical disk, or the like.

The memory unit 106 includes, for example, a billing destination master 106a as a limit management master, a contract category master 106b, a basic information master 106c as a month management master, order data 106d, shipment data 106e, receipt data 106f, sales data 106g, deposit data 106h, and accounts receivable balance data 106i.

As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the billing destination master 106a includes, for example, a billing destination code, a billing destination name, a credit limit management category, a credit limit, etc.

The credit limit management category is a category indicating that no message will be displayed if the calculated receivable balance exceeds the credit limit (0: none), a category indicating that a warning message will be displayed if the balance exceeds the credit limit (1: warning only), or a category indicating that a message indicating that input is not possible will be displayed if the balance exceeds the credit limit (2: input not possible).

As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the contract category master 106b includes, for example, a contract category, a contract category name, a rental flag, etc.

The rental flag is a classification indicating that the product is a rental item (1: rental contract classification) or a classification indicating that the product is a sale item (0: normal contract classification). The contract classification is a classification indicating daily rental (K01), monthly rental (K02), or sale (K10). In other words, there are rental items and sale items as products, and for the rental items, there are daily and monthly rental types.

As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the basic information master 106c includes, for example, the accounting year and month, the number of months (months for calculating the remaining rental loan amount), which is the amount of the receivable for the portion of the rental item that has been released but not yet received, and the number of days (monthly daily number of days) for calculating the remaining rental loan amount.

Here, we will explain how to set the number of months (calculated number of months remaining for rental). The number of months (calculated number of months remaining for rental) can be calculated, for example, based on the purchase cost of the rental item and the monthly rental fee for the rental item. For example, if the purchase cost of a certain item is 80,000 yen and the monthly rental fee is 4,000 yen, the number of months (calculated number of months remaining for rental) can be calculated as 20 months by dividing 80,000 yen by 4,000 yen.

The number of months (number of months calculated for remaining rental period) differs depending on the company, but it is determined based on how many months the rental cost of the rental materials is calculated for when calculating the monthly rental amount for each company's core rental products, and that number of months may be set. For example, if a product with a sales price of 160,000 yen and a purchase cost of 80,000 yen is calculated with a monthly rental amount of 4,000 yen and 20 months of the purchase cost, then 20 months can be set.

As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the order data 106d includes, for example, the order number, the order line number, the order date, the billing code, the billing name, the product name, the contract category, the order quantity, the rental period (number of days), the order price (unit price of the order), the order amount (amount of the order), the order consumption tax, the order amount including tax, the sales quantity, and the sales completion flag.

The sales quantity in the order data 106d can be updated by adding up using the order number and order line number in the sales data 106g described below as keys. When the order quantity in the order data 106d becomes equal to the sales quantity after the addition and update, the sales completion flag in the order data 106d is updated from "0: incomplete" to "1: complete." Note that the update process of the sales completion flag is performed only on order details in the order data 106d for which the rental flag in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category is set to "0: normal contract category."

As shown in Figures 3 and 7, the shipping data 106e includes, for example, a shipping number, a shipping line number, a shipping date, the billing code, the billing name, the item name, the contract category, the shipping quantity of the rental item, the stocked quantity of the rental item, a stocking completion flag, the order number, the order line number, etc.

When inputting shipment data 106e to generate shipment data 106e, shipment quantities are entered only for order details in order data 106d for which the rental flag in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category is set to "1: rental contract category."

The receiving quantity in the outgoing data 106e can be updated by adding up the quantity using the outgoing number and outgoing line number in the incoming data 106f (described later) as keys. When the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data 106e becomes equal to the receiving quantity after the addition and update, the receiving completion flag in the outgoing data 106e is updated from "0: incomplete" to "1: complete."

As shown in Figures 3 and 7, the inventory data 106f includes, for example, an inventory number, an inventory line number, an inventory date, the billing code, the billing name, the item name, the contract category, the previously recorded inventory quantity of the rental item, the shipping number, the shipping line number, etc.

As shown in Figures 3 and 8, the sales data 106g includes, for example, the sales number, the sales line number, the sales date, the accounting year and month, the billing code, the billing name, the product name, the contract category, the sales quantity, the number of days of sales (number of days), the sales price (unit price of sales), the sales amount (sales amount), the sales tax, the amount including tax, the order number, the order line number, the shipment number, the shipment line number, etc.

When entering sales to generate sales data 106g for the product, the sales quantity is entered only for order details in the order data 106d for which the rental flag in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category is set to "0: normal contract category."

In the rental sales accounting process to generate sales data 106g for the rental items, the sales quantity is entered only for order details in the order data 106d where the rental flag in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category is set to "1: rental contract category."

As shown in Figures 3 and 9, the deposit data 106h includes, for example, the deposit number, the billing code, the billing name, the accounting year and month, the deposit date, the deposit amount, etc.

As shown in Figures 3 and 9, the accounts receivable balance data 106i includes, for example, the billing code, the accounting year and month, the previous month's accounts receivable balance, the current month's deposit amount, the current month's sales amount, the accounts receivable balance (current month's accounts receivable balance), etc.

The control unit 102 is a CPU or the like that performs overall control of the credit management device 100. The control unit 102 has an internal memory for storing control programs such as an OS, programs that define various processing procedures, and required data, and executes various information processing operations based on these stored programs.

The control unit 102 has, in terms of its functional concept, for example, (1) an order backlog calculation unit 102a as an order backlog calculation means, (2) a loan balance calculation unit 102b as a loan balance calculation means that calculates the rental loan balance based on the value obtained by subtracting the inventory quantity in the outgoing data from the inventory quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental item, and the number of months in the month number management master, (3) an accounts receivable balance extraction unit 102c as an accounts receivable balance extraction means, and (4) a receivable balance calculation unit 102d as an accounts receivable balance calculation means that calculates the receivable balance based on the order backlog, the rental loan balance calculated by the loan balance calculation means, and the accounts receivable balance. (5) a credit limit acquisition unit 102e as a credit limit acquisition means for acquiring the credit limit from the credit limit management master; (6) a message display unit 102f as a message display means for displaying a predetermined message when the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means exceeds the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition means; and (7) a credit management summary table generation unit 102g as a credit management summary table generation means for generating a credit management summary table including the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means and the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition means.

The backlog calculation unit 102a calculates the backlog based on the value obtained by subtracting the sales quantity in the order data 106d from the order quantity in the order data 106d, and the order unit price (unit price of the order product) of the product.

The remaining rental amount calculation unit 102b calculates the remaining rental amount based on the value obtained by subtracting the received quantity in the outgoing data 106e from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data 106e, the order unit price (order unit price) of the rental item, and the number of months (number of months for calculating the remaining rental amount) in the basic information master 106c.

Specifically, if the rental item is rented on a monthly basis (monthly), the remaining rental amount calculation unit 102b calculates the remaining rental amount by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data 106e from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data 106e by the order unit price (order unit price) when the rental item is rented for one month and the number of months (number of months calculated for the remaining rental amount) in the basic information master 106c.

On the other hand, if the rental item is rented on a daily basis (daily), the remaining rental amount calculation unit 102b calculates the remaining rental amount by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting the incoming quantity in the outgoing data 106e from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data 106e by the order unit price (unit price of the ordered item) when the rental item is rented for one day, the number of days (monthly daily number of days) in the basic information master 106c, and the number of months (number of months for calculating the remaining rental amount) in the basic information master 106c.

The accounts receivable balance extraction unit 102c extracts the accounts receivable balance (current month's accounts receivable balance) from the accounts receivable balance data 106i.

The receivable balance calculation unit 102d calculates the receivable balance based on the backorder amount (e.g., the backorder amount calculated by the backorder amount calculation unit 102a), the rental loan balance calculated by the loan balance calculation unit 102b, and the accounts receivable balance (e.g., the accounts receivable balance extracted by the accounts receivable balance extraction unit 102c).

The credit limit acquisition unit 102e acquires the credit limit from the billing destination master 106a.

The message display unit 102f displays a predetermined message when the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation unit 102d exceeds the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition unit 102e.

Specifically, the message display unit 102f displays a warning message to ask the operator whether to continue with order entry if the number exceeds the limit, or a message indicating that entry is not possible to make the operator aware that order entry cannot be continued if the number exceeds the limit.

The credit management summary table generating unit 102g generates a credit management summary table including the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculating unit 102d and the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquiring unit 102e.

The credit management summary table generating unit 102g may generate the credit management summary table further including the credit limit unused amount calculated by subtracting the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation unit 102d from the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition unit 102e, and the credit limit consumption rate calculated by dividing the credit balance by the credit limit.

3. Specific examples of processing
In this section, a specific example of the process according to this embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 5 to 16 along the flow of Figure 4. In this specific example, it is assumed that a company that sells and rents construction materials (hereinafter simply referred to as a "rental company") receives orders from three companies, Company A, Company B, and Company C.

[3-1. Registration of each master and each data]
(1) Registration of each master First, as shown in the flow of Fig. 4, the billing destination master 106a is registered by the billing destination master maintenance, the contract category master 106b is registered by the contract category master maintenance, and the basic information master 106c is registered by the basic information master maintenance. The registered contents are as shown in Fig. 5.

(2) Registration of Order Data Next, the order data 106d is registered by inputting the order as shown in the flow of Fig. 4. The registered order data 106d is as shown in Fig. 6.

The order data 106d shown in FIG. 6 indicates that the rental company has received orders for rental product A, rental product B, and sales product C from all three companies, A, B, and C. Rental product A is a daily rental, and rental product B is a monthly rental.

(3) Registration of Shipping Data Next, shipping data 106e is registered by the shipping input shown in the flow of Fig. 4. Specifically, first, the order details for which the rental flag is set to "1: rental contract category" in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category in the order data 106d are called up. Then, shipping data 106e is registered based on the called up order details. The registered shipping data 106e is as shown in Fig. 7.

The shipping data 106e shown in FIG. 7 is data indicating that the rental company has shipped rental product A and rental product B to companies B and C.

(4) Registration of warehousing data Next, warehousing data 106f is registered by the warehousing input shown in the flow of Fig. 4. Specifically, first, the outgoing data 106e is called. Then, based on the called outgoing data 106e, the warehousing data 106f is registered. The registered warehousing data 106f is as shown in Fig. 7.

The inventory data 106f shown in FIG. 7 is data indicating that rental product A and rental product B, which were sent by the rental company to company C, have been received (returned) by the rental company.

When the entry is completed in this manner, as shown by hatching in the exit data 106e in Figure 7, the entry quantity in the exit data 106e is updated from 0 to the entry quantity (10) in the entry data 106f, and the entry completion flag in the exit data 106e is updated from "0: incomplete" to "1: complete."

(5) Registration of sales data 106g for rental products Next, the sales data 106g for rental products is registered by the rental sales recording process shown in the flow of FIG. 4. Specifically, first, the order details for which the rental flag is set to "1: rental contract category" in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category in the order data 106d are called up. Then, the sales data 106g for rental products is registered based on the called order details, the outgoing data 106e registered in (3), and the incoming data 106f registered in (4). The rental sales recording process is performed for each billing deadline of the billing destination. The registered sales data 106g for rental products are two details for sales number U00005 and two details for sales number U00006 in FIG. 8.

Here, we will explain how to calculate the number of days, 31, in the second detail of sales number U00005 and the number of days, 10, in the second detail of sales number U00006.

The rental item in the second detail of sales number U00005 was shipped out on 2021/12/01, but as of the sales date of 2021/12/31, there is no corresponding inventory data 106f, so it has not yet been returned. Therefore, the number of days is 31 days from the shipping date of 2021/12/01 to the sales date of 2021/12/31.

In contrast, the rental item in the second detail of sales number U00006 was shipped out on 2021/12/01, and as of the sales date 2021/12/31, the corresponding stock data 106f (stock date 2021/12/10) exists, so it has already been returned. Therefore, the number of days is 10 days from the stock date 2021/12/01 to the stock date 2021/12/10.

(6) Registration of sales data 106g for products for sale Next, following the registration of the order data in (2), the sales data 106g for products for sale is registered by the sales input shown in the flow of Figure 4. Specifically, first, the order details for which the rental flag is set to "0: normal contract category" in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category in the order data 106d are called up. Then, based on the called up order details, the sales data 106g for products for sale is registered. The registered sales data 106g for products for sale is the details of sales number U00002 and sales number U00003 in Figure 8.

In this way, when the sale of the product is completed, the sales quantity in the order data 106d is updated to the sales quantity (10) in the sales data 106g, as shown by hatching in the order data 106d in FIG. 6, and the sales completion flag in the order data 106d is updated from "0: incomplete" to "1: completed."

(7) Registration of Deposit Data Next, the deposit data 106h is registered by inputting the deposit as shown in the flow of Fig. 4. The registered deposit data 106h is as shown in Fig. 9.

(8) Registration of Accounts Receivable Balance Data Finally, the accounts receivable balance data 106i is registered by the rental sales entry process, sales input, and deposit input shown in the flow of FIG.

The current month's deposit amount in the accounts receivable balance data 106i is a value obtained by aggregating the deposit amounts in the deposit data 106h by billing party and accounting month. The current month's sales amount in the accounts receivable balance data 106i is a value obtained by aggregating the sales amount including tax in the sales data 106g by billing party and accounting month. The current month's accounts receivable balance in the accounts receivable balance data 106i is a value calculated using the formula "previous month's accounts receivable balance in the accounts receivable balance data 106i - current month's deposit amount in the accounts receivable balance data 106i + current month's sales amount in the accounts receivable balance data 106i".

[3-2. Calculation of receivable balance]
Next, the receivable balance is calculated. The receivable balance is calculated when a pre-registration check is performed after a billing code, etc. is entered on the order entry screen, and when a credit management summary table is printed, etc.

As a prerequisite for calculating the receivable balance, it is necessary to obtain the remaining sales order amount, remaining rental amount, and remaining accounts receivable. For this reason, we will first explain how to obtain these three amounts in that order, and then explain how to calculate the receivable balance. Note that the master and data referenced in this section [3-2] are assumed to be registered as explained in [3-1].

(1) Obtaining the amount of backorder sales As shown in the flow in Figure 4, "1. Extract the amount of backorders (unsold items other than rentals) from the order data," the amount of backorder sales is calculated and obtained.

The backlog calculation unit 102a calculates the backlog of sales orders for order details for which the rental flag in the contract category master 106b linked to the contract category in the order data 106d is set to "0: normal contract category" and the sales completion flag is set to "0: incomplete."

Specifically, the only order detail that meets the conditions described in the previous paragraph in the order data 106d of FIG. 6 is the order detail with order number = J00001 and order line number = 3, so the backlog calculation unit 102a performs the following calculation for that order detail.

That is, the backlog calculation unit 102a calculates the order amount using the formula "(order quantity in order data 106d - sales quantity in order data 106d) x (order unit price)." Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the backlog calculation unit 102a calculates the order amount of 1,000,000 yen using the formula "(order quantity 10 - sales quantity 0) x (order unit price 100,000 yen)." The backlog calculation unit 102a then adds the backlog consumption tax of 100,000 yen to the order amount of 1,000,000 yen to calculate the backlog tax-inclusive amount of 1,100,000 yen.

The order details subject to the tax-included backorder amount are those for Company A, so the process described in (1) above will result in the backorder amount for Company A being 1,100,000 yen.

(2) Obtaining the remaining rental amount As shown in the flow in Figure 4, “2. Calculate the remaining rental amount from the outstanding data (unreturned outstanding data),” the remaining rental amount is calculated and obtained.

The remaining rental amount calculation unit 102b calculates the remaining rental amount for the shipping details in the shipping data 106e for which the shipping completion flag is set to "0: Incomplete."

Specifically, the outbound shipping details that meet the conditions described in the previous paragraph are the outbound shipping details with order number = J00002 and order line number = 1 and the outbound shipping details with order number = J00002 and order line number = 2 in the outbound shipping data 106e of Figure 7, so the remaining loan amount calculation unit 102b performs the following calculations for these two outbound shipping details.

In other words, the remaining rental amount calculation unit 102b calculates the remaining rental amount using the formula: "(Outgoing quantity in outgoing data 106e - Incoming quantity in outgoing data 106e) x (Ordered item unit price in order data 106d) x (monthly daily number of days in basic information master 106c in the case of daily rental) x (number of months for calculation of remaining rental amount in basic information master 106c)." By multiplying by the monthly daily number of days, the daily ordered item unit price can be converted to a monthly ordered item unit price.

Specifically, the calculation for the shipping detail with order number = J00002 and order line number = 1 (shipping detail with order number = S00002 and shipping line number = 1) will be explained. As shown in Figure 11, the rental balance calculation unit 102b calculates the rental balance of 6,000,000 yen using the formula "(shipping quantity 10 - receiving quantity 0) x (ordered product unit price 1,000 yen) x (monthly daily number of days 30 days) x (number of months for rental balance calculation 20 months)."

The following explains the calculation for the shipping detail with order number = J00002 and order line number = 2 (shipping detail with order number = S00002 and shipping line number = 2). The remaining rental amount calculation unit 102b calculates the remaining rental amount of 4,000,000 yen using the formula "(shipping quantity 10 - receiving quantity 0) x (ordered product unit price 20,000 yen) x (number of months for rental remaining calculation 20 months)" as shown in Figure 11.

The two shipping details used to calculate the remaining rental loan amount are both shipping details for Company B, so by using the process explained in (2) above, the remaining rental loan amount for Company B is 6,000,000 yen + 4,000,000 yen = 10,000,000 yen.

(3) Obtaining the accounts receivable balance As shown in “3. Extracting the current month's outstanding receivables from the accounts receivable balance data” in the flow of FIG. 4, the accounts receivable balance is extracted and obtained.

The accounts receivable balance extraction unit 102c uses the accounting year and month in the basic information master 106c as a key to extract the current month's accounts receivable balance from the accounts receivable balance data 106i.

Specifically, referring to the basic information master 106c in Figure 5, the accounting year and month is 202112, so the accounts receivable balance extraction unit 102c extracts the current month's accounts receivable balance from the three details having the accounting year and month 202112 from the accounts receivable balance data 106i in Figure 9.

By performing the process described in section (3), we were able to extract the current month's accounts receivable balance for Company A of 0 yen, the current month's accounts receivable balance for Company B of 1,661,000 yen, and the current month's accounts receivable balance for Company C of 1,430,000 yen, as shown in Figure 12.

(4) Calculation of the outstanding receivables After steps (1) to (3) are completed, the outstanding receivables are calculated for each billing recipient.

The values calculated and extracted in (1) to (3) are summarized below. For Company A, the sales backlog is 1,100,000 yen, the rental balance is 0 yen, and the current month's accounts receivable balance is 0 yen. For Company B, the sales backlog is 0 yen, the rental balance is 10,000,000 yen, and the current month's accounts receivable balance is 1,661,000 yen. For Company C, the sales backlog is 0 yen, the rental balance is 0 yen, and the current month's accounts receivable balance is 1,430,000 yen.

In this case, the receivable balance calculation unit 102d calculates the receivable balance for Company A as 1,100,000 yen + 0 yen + 0 yen = 1,100,000 yen, the receivable balance for Company B as 0 yen + 10,000,000 yen + 1,661,000 yen = 11,661,000 yen, and the receivable balance for Company C as 0 yen + 0 yen + 1,430,000 yen = 1,430,000 yen.

[3-3. Obtaining a credit limit]
Next, the credit limit for each billing party is obtained.

The credit limit acquisition unit 102e acquires the credit limit for each billing destination from the billing destination master 106a. Specifically, the credit limit acquisition unit 102e acquires 0 yen as the credit limit for Company A and 10,000,000 yen as the credit limits for Company B and Company C from the billing destination master 106a in FIG. 5.

The calculation of the receivable balance described in [3-2] and the acquisition of the credit limit described in [3-3] are common processes that should be performed prior to the check on the order entry screen described in [3-4] below and the generation of the credit management summary table described in [3-5] below, so the processes in [3-2] and [3-3] can be collectively referred to as the "common credit management process."

The calculation of the receivable balance described in [3-2] and the acquisition of the credit limit described in [3-3] may be performed in any order, or may be performed simultaneously in parallel.

[3-4. Check on the order entry screen]
Next, a check is made on the order entry screen.

First, the operator enters the order number "J00002", the order date "2021/11/30", and the billing code "S02: Company B" in the header section of the order entry screen as shown in FIG. 13.

When this input is made, three order details having the order number "J00002", order date "2021/11/30", and billing code "S02: Company B" are obtained from the order data 106d in FIG. 6. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the information contained in the three order details is displayed in the details section of the order input screen.

At this time, the total order amount, total order consumption tax, and total order tax-inclusive amount are also displayed at the bottom right of the order entry screen, as shown in Figure 13. Additionally, as shown in Figure 13, the receivables balance of 11,661,000 yen for Company B calculated in [3-2] (4) and the credit limit of 10,000,000 yen for Company B obtained in [3-3] are also displayed at the bottom left of the order entry screen.

In addition to displaying the order entry screen shown in FIG. 13, the message display unit 102f displays a warning message or a message indicating that entry is not possible if the outstanding receivables exceed the credit limit. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the outstanding receivables of 11,661,000 yen for Company B exceeds the credit limit of 10,000,000 yen for Company B, so the message described below is displayed.

Referring to the billing destination master 106a in FIG. 5, the credit limit management category for Company B is set to "1: Warning only," so the message display unit 102f displays a warning message (The credit limit has been exceeded. Do you want to continue entering data?) as shown in FIG. 14. When a warning message is displayed, the operator can continue entering the order by selecting "YES" on the warning message screen in FIG. 14.

On the other hand, if the credit limit management category for Company B is set to "2: Input not allowed," which is different from the setting in the billing destination master 106a in FIG. 5, the message display unit 102f will display an input not allowed message (The credit limit has been exceeded. Input not allowed.) as shown in FIG. 15. When the input not allowed message is displayed, the operator cannot continue entering the order.

[3-5. Creation of credit management summary table]
Finally, a credit management summary table is generated.

As shown in FIG. 16, the credit management summary table generating unit 102g generates a credit management summary table including the billing code, the billing name, the credit limit obtained in [3-3], the sales order balance calculated in [3-2] (1), the rental loan balance calculated in [3-2] (2), the accounts receivable balance calculated in [3-2] (3), the receivable balance calculated in [3-2] (4), the credit limit unused amount calculated by subtracting the receivable balance from the credit limit, and the credit limit consumption rate calculated by dividing the receivable balance by the credit limit.

By referring to the generated credit management summary table, the operator can check the details of the remaining sales order amount, remaining rental amount, and outstanding accounts receivable for each billing destination, as well as the remaining credit limit amount and the credit limit utilization rate.

The check on the order entry screen described in [3-4] and the generation of the credit management summary table described in [3-5] can be performed in any order, or can be performed simultaneously in parallel.

[4. Summary of the present embodiment]
As explained above, according to the credit management device 100 of this embodiment, the monthly rental fee for N months is set as the receivable balance for the rental item, thereby making it possible to perform credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of the rental item.

Specifically, in the past, the order amount of the rental item was too low to be the receivable balance for the rental item, and conversely, the purchase price of the rental item was too high to be the receivable balance for the rental item, so that the receivable balance for the rental item could not be properly evaluated. In contrast, in the credit management device 100 according to this embodiment, as explained in (2) of [3-2], 20 months' worth of the monthly rental fee for the rental item is set as the receivable balance for the rental item (rental loan balance), so that the receivable balance for the rental item can be properly evaluated. And, according to the credit management device 100 according to this embodiment, the receivable balance calculated in (4) of [3-2] based on the rental loan balance can be used to check the order entry screen explained in [3-4] and generate the credit management summary table explained in [3-5], so that credit management can be performed with the receivable balance for the rental item properly evaluated. In other words, even when rental items exist, it is possible to perform highly accurate credit management.

[5. Contribution to the United Nations-led Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)]
This embodiment can contribute to improving business efficiency and promoting appropriate management decisions by companies, thereby making it possible to contribute to goals 8 and 9 of the SDGs.

In addition, this embodiment can contribute to reducing waste and promoting paperless and electronic systems, which can contribute to the achievement of SDGs goals 12, 13, and 15.

In addition, this embodiment can contribute to strengthening control and governance, making it possible to contribute to Goal 16 of the SDGs.

6. Other embodiments
The present invention may be embodied in various different embodiments other than those described above within the scope of the technical concept set forth in the claims.

For example, among the processes described in the embodiments, all or part of the processes described as being performed automatically can be performed manually, or all or part of the processes described as being performed manually can be performed automatically using a known method.

In addition, the processing procedures, control procedures, specific names, registered data for each process, information including parameters such as search conditions, screen examples, and database configurations shown in this specification and drawings may be changed as desired unless otherwise specified.

Furthermore, with regard to the credit management device 100, each component shown in the figure is a functional concept, and does not necessarily have to be physically configured as shown in the figure.

For example, the processing functions of the credit management device 100, particularly the processing functions performed by the control unit, may be realized in whole or in part by a CPU and a program interpreted and executed by the CPU, or may be realized as hardware using wired logic. The program is recorded on a non-transient computer-readable recording medium that contains programmed instructions for causing the information processing device to execute the processes described in this embodiment, and is mechanically read by the credit management device 100 as necessary. That is, a computer program is recorded in a storage unit such as a ROM or HDD (Hard Disk Drive) for working with the OS to give instructions to the CPU and perform various processes. This computer program is executed by being loaded into RAM, and works with the CPU to form the control unit.

This computer program may also be stored in an application program server connected to the credit management device 100 via any network, and all or part of it may be downloaded as needed.

In addition, the program for executing the processing described in this embodiment may be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, and may also be configured as a program product. Here, the term "recording medium" refers to a memory card, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, a SD (Secure Digital) card, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), an EEPROM (registered trademark) (Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory), a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory), an MO (Magneto-Optical disk), a DVD (Digital Versatile This includes any "portable physical media" such as a DVD (registered trademark) or Blu-ray (registered trademark) Disc.

A "program" is a data processing method written in any language or description method, and may be in any format, such as source code or binary code. Note that a "program" is not necessarily limited to a single configuration, but also includes a distributed configuration consisting of multiple modules or libraries, and a program that works in conjunction with a separate program, such as an OS, to achieve its function. Note that the specific configuration and reading procedure for reading a recording medium in each device shown in the embodiments, as well as the installation procedure after reading, can use well-known configurations and procedures.

The various databases stored in the memory unit are storage devices such as RAM, ROM, etc., fixed disk devices such as hard disks, flexible disks, and optical disks, and store various programs, tables, databases, and web page files used for various processes and providing websites.

The credit management device 100 may be configured as an information processing device such as a known personal computer or workstation, or may be configured as the information processing device to which any peripheral device is connected. The credit management device 100 may be realized by implementing software (including programs or data, etc.) that causes the device to realize the processing described in this embodiment.

Furthermore, the specific form of distribution and integration of the devices is not limited to that shown in the figures, and all or part of them can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in any unit depending on various additions or functional loads. In other words, the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented in any combination, or the embodiments can be implemented selectively.

The present invention is useful in the rental industry, for example, in the construction material rental industry.

100 Credit management device 102 Control unit
102a Order backlog calculation unit
102b Loan balance calculation unit
102c Accounts receivable balance extraction unit
102d Debt balance calculation unit
102e Credit limit acquisition department
102f Message display section
102g Credit management summary table generation unit 104 Communication interface unit 106 Storage unit
106a Billing destination master
106b Contract classification master
106c Basic Information Master
106d Order data
106e Delivery data
106f Stock Data
106g Sales Data
106h Deposit data
106i Accounts receivable balance data 108 Input/output interface unit 112 Input device 114 Output device 200 Server 300 Network

Claims (10)

A credit management device that is capable of performing credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of rental items, the credit management device including a control unit and a storage unit,
The storage unit includes:
a credit limit management master including a credit limit;
A months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the credit amount for the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out but not yet received;
Outgoing data including an outgoing quantity of the rental item and an incoming quantity of the rental item;
is stored,
The control unit is
a rental remaining amount calculation means for calculating the rental remaining amount based on a value obtained by subtracting the receiving quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental item, and the number of months in the month number management master;
a credit balance calculation means for calculating a credit balance based on the order backlog amount, the rental loan balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means, and the accounts receivable balance;
a credit limit acquisition means for acquiring a credit limit from the credit limit management master;
A message display means ;
Equipped with
the message display means displays a predetermined message when the debt balance calculated by the debt balance calculation means exceeds the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquisition means;
A credit management device comprising: The loan remaining amount calculation means
If the rental item is rented on a monthly basis, the rental loan remaining amount is calculated by multiplying the value obtained by subtracting the quantity received in the outgoing data from the quantity sent out in the outgoing data by the order unit price for renting the rental item for one month and the number of months in the month number management master;
2. The credit management device according to claim 1, The month number management master further includes the number of days for calculating the rental remaining amount,
The loan remaining amount calculation means
If the rental item is rented on a daily basis, the rental loan remaining amount is calculated by multiplying a value obtained by subtracting the quantity received in the outgoing data from the quantity sent out in the outgoing data by an order unit price for renting the rental item for one day, the number of days in the month number management master, and the number of months in the month number management master;
3. The credit management device according to claim 1 or 2, The number of months in the month number management master is calculated based on the purchase cost of the rental item and the monthly rental fee of the rental item;
4. The credit management device according to claim 1, wherein: The message display means includes:
displaying a warning message for confirming with an operator whether or not to continue the order entry when the number of units exceeds the number of units, or a message indicating that the order entry cannot be continued when the number of units exceeds the number of units;
5. The credit management device according to claim 1, wherein: Credit management summary table generating means,
Equipped with
the credit management summary table generating means generates a credit management summary table including the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculating means and the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquiring means;
6. A credit management device according to claim 1, wherein: The credit management summary table generating means
generating the credit management summary table further including an unconsumed credit limit amount calculated by subtracting the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means from the credit limit amount acquired by the credit limit acquisition means, and a credit limit consumption rate calculated by dividing the credit balance by the credit limit amount;
7. The credit management device according to claim 6 , A credit management device that is capable of performing credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of rental items, the credit management device including a control unit and a storage unit,
The storage unit includes:
a credit limit management master including a credit limit;
A months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the credit amount for the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out but not yet received;
Outgoing data including an outgoing quantity of the rental item and an incoming quantity of the rental item;
is stored,
The control unit is
a rental remaining amount calculation means for calculating the rental remaining amount based on a value obtained by subtracting the receiving quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental item, and the number of months in the month number management master;
a credit balance calculation means for calculating a credit balance based on the order backlog amount, the rental loan balance calculated by the credit balance calculation means, and the accounts receivable balance;
a credit limit acquisition means for acquiring a credit limit from the credit limit management master;
Credit management summary table generating means,
Equipped with
the credit management summary table generating means generates a credit management summary table including the credit balance calculated by the credit balance calculating means and the credit limit acquired by the credit limit acquiring means;
A credit management device comprising : A credit management method that can perform credit management that appropriately takes into account the value of a rental item, the method being executed by an information processing device having a control unit and a storage unit,
The storage unit includes:
a credit limit management master including a credit limit;
A months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the credit amount for the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out but not yet received;
Outgoing data including an outgoing quantity of the rental item and an incoming quantity of the rental item;
is stored,
Executed by the control unit,
a rental remaining amount calculation step of calculating the rental remaining amount based on a value obtained by subtracting the receiving quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental item, and the number of months in the month number management master;
a debt balance calculation step of calculating a debt balance based on the order backlog amount, the rental loan balance calculated in the loan balance calculation step, and the accounts receivable balance;
a credit limit acquisition step of acquiring a credit limit from the credit limit management master;
A message display step ;
Including,
in the message display step, a predetermined message is displayed when the debt balance calculated in the debt balance calculation step exceeds the credit limit acquired in the credit limit acquisition step;
A credit management method comprising: A credit management program for performing credit management that appropriately considers the value of a rental item, the credit management program being executed by an information processing device having a control unit and a storage unit,
The storage unit includes:
a credit limit management master including a credit limit;
A months management master including the number of months for calculating the rental loan balance, which is the credit amount for the portion of the rental items that have been shipped out but not yet received;
Outgoing data including an outgoing quantity of the rental item and an incoming quantity of the rental item;
is stored,
To cause the control unit to execute
a rental remaining amount calculation step of calculating the rental remaining amount based on a value obtained by subtracting the receiving quantity in the outgoing data from the outgoing quantity in the outgoing data, the order unit price of the rental item, and the number of months in the month number management master;
a debt balance calculation step of calculating a debt balance based on the order backlog amount, the rental loan balance calculated in the loan balance calculation step, and the accounts receivable balance;
a credit limit acquisition step of acquiring a credit limit from the credit limit management master;
A message display step ;
Including,
in the message display step, a predetermined message is displayed when the claim balance calculated in the claim balance calculation step exceeds the credit limit acquired in the credit limit acquisition step;
A credit management program characterized by:

Images