JP7591002B2 - Fire extinguishing equipment water discharge method, fire extinguishing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a water discharge method for a fire extinguishing system equipped with a swivel nozzle that discharges water against a fire, and to the fire extinguishing system.

Fire extinguishing equipment equipped with a swiveling nozzle that swivels in the direction of a fire source and sprays water toward the fire source is installed in various facilities, and its protection range is determined in advance.
For example, in facilities such as baseball stadiums, sports stadiums, and arenas that are divided into a field area where sports, performances, etc. take place and an audience area for watching the sports, performances, etc. on the field area, it is common for the field area to be set as the protection area.
In addition, in facilities such as shopping malls that have an atrium with a multi-level structure surrounding the atrium, it is common for the floor of the atrium to be set as the protected area.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-258136

If a fire breaks out in such a facility, such as at the edge of the field of a baseball stadium, and a rotating nozzle is used to spray water at the fire, some of the water may end up falling on the stands (audience seating area).
On the other hand, from the perspective of people in the stands, their area is separated from the field area by fences or other means, and they are on different floors, so they may feel less of a sense of danger about the fire and may become curious bystanders, gathering on the field side of the stands to watch the fire from the stands.
If water spraying were to begin in this situation, there was a risk that some of the water would splash onto people in the stands, causing injury to them.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and aims to provide a water discharge method and fire extinguishing equipment that, in a facility divided into a field section and an audience section, or in a facility with a multi-level structure section around an atrium section, can encourage evacuation of people in the audience section or multi-level structure section without spraying the water on them when water is sprayed on the field section or the atrium section, which are protected areas.

(1) A water discharge method for a fire extinguishing system according to the present invention is a water discharge method for a fire extinguishing system that is installed in a facility that is divided into a field area where a competition or performance is held and an audience area for watching the competition or performance in the field area, and that has a swivel nozzle that discharges water against a fire that has occurred in a protected area that covers the field area,
When a fire occurs and water discharge is started, a shifted water discharge process is performed to discharge water at a position in the field section away from the seating area, regardless of the location of the fire;
This method is characterized by comprising a main water-discharging step in which, after the shifted water-discharging step, the device rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water toward the fire source.

(2) A water discharge method for a fire extinguishing system that is installed in a facility having an atrium and a multi-level structure around the atrium, and that has a swivel nozzle that discharges water against a fire that has occurred within a protected range that is the floor of the atrium, comprising:
a shifted water discharge process for discharging water at a position on the floor section away from the floor structure section, regardless of the location of the fire, when a fire occurs and water discharge is started;
This method is characterized by comprising a main water-discharging step in which, after the shifted water-discharging step, the device rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water onto the fire source.

(3) The fire extinguishing system according to the present invention includes a fire detection device for detecting a fire, a swivel nozzle for rotating in a protection range and spraying extinguishing water, and a control unit for controlling the rotation and spraying of the swivel nozzle based on information from the fire detection device.
The control unit is characterized in that, when fire detection information is input from the fire detection device, it rotates the nozzle toward a predetermined position unrelated to the location of the fire, performs a staggered water discharge at that position, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, it rotates the nozzle toward the location of the fire while continuing to spray water, and performs a main water discharge at the location of the fire.

(4) The fire extinguishing system according to the present invention includes a fire detection device for detecting a fire, a swivel nozzle for rotating in a protection range and discharging extinguishing water, and a control unit for controlling the rotation of the swivel nozzle based on fire location designation information for designating a location where a fire has occurred,
The control unit is characterized in that, when the fire location designation information is input, it controls the nozzle to rotate toward a predetermined position unrelated to the location of the fire, perform a staggered water discharge at that position, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, it controls the nozzle to rotate toward the location of the fire while continuing to discharge water, and perform a main water discharge at the location of the fire.

(5) In addition, in the above (3) or (4), the facility is divided into a field area where competitions, performances, etc. are held and an audience area for watching the competitions, performances, etc. in the field area,
The swivel nozzle protects the field portion,
The control unit is characterized in that it controls the swiveling nozzle to rotate toward a preset position in the field area away from the audience area, and to perform a staggered water discharge at that position.

(6) In addition, in the above-mentioned (5), the offset water discharge is performed when the water discharged at the location of the fire falls on the audience area, and the control unit controls the swivel nozzle to perform the main water discharge without offset water discharge when the water discharged at the location of the fire does not fall on the audience area.

(7) The device according to (3) or (4) above is installed in a facility having an atrium and a multi-level structure around the atrium,
The swirl nozzle protects the floor of the atrium section,
The control unit is characterized in that it controls the swiveling nozzle to rotate toward a preset position on the floor portion away from the hierarchical structure portion, and to perform staggered water discharge at that position.

(8) In addition, in the above-mentioned (7), the offset water discharge is performed when a portion of the discharged water falls on the hierarchical structure when the water is discharged at the location where the fire has started, and the control unit controls the swivel nozzle to perform the main water discharge without offset water discharge when the water is not discharged on the hierarchical structure when the water is discharged at the location where the fire has started.

In the present invention, when a fire occurs and water discharge is started, a shifted water discharge process is performed in which, regardless of the location of the fire, the device shifts its position to a position in the field area away from the spectator area and discharges water therefrom, and a main water discharge process is performed in which, after the shifted water discharge process, the device turns toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water at the fire source.By using the shifted water discharge, people in the spectator area are made aware that water discharge has begun, and since the device turns toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water, people in the spectator area closer to the field are made aware that water is approaching, and are urged to evacuate to avoid getting wet or injured by the water discharge.
In addition, in the present invention, when a fire occurs and water discharge is initiated, a shifted water discharge process is performed in which, regardless of the location of the fire, the floor of the atrium section is shifted to a position away from the multi-storey structure section and water is discharged from a shifted position, and after the shifted water discharge process, the main water discharge process is performed in which the device rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water at the fire source.By using the shifted water discharge, people in the multi-storey structure section are made aware that water discharge has begun, and the device further rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water, so that people in the multi-storey structure section near the atrium are made aware that water discharge is approaching and are urged to evacuate to avoid getting wet or injured by the water discharge.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a water discharge method of the fire extinguishing equipment in accordance with embodiment 1, showing the water discharge range when the field portion of a stadium is set as the protected range. 5A to 5C are diagrams showing an example of a shifted water-discharging position and a main water-discharging position of a swivel nozzle in embodiment 1. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a main configuration of a fire extinguishing system according to a second embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a water discharge method in the main water discharge of the fire extinguishing equipment of the second embodiment.

[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a stadium 5 having a field area 1 and a seating area 3, and shows the area corresponding to the protection range of one swirl nozzle 7 of a fire extinguishing system installed in the stadium 5.
The swivel nozzle 7 discharges fire extinguishing water, and the sector-shaped area shown in FIG. 1 is the protection area.
In addition, different water discharge distances can be used, such as long-distance water discharge for discharging water at the farthest distance, intermediate water discharge for discharging water at a middle distance, and nearby water discharge for discharging water at a short distance.

The protection range of the swirl nozzle 7 is a sector-shaped area covering the field section 1, but as shown in FIG. 1, there are some parts at the edge of the field section 1 where the water discharge range overlaps with the spectator seats.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, if a fire breaks out in the field section 1 near the spectator seats on the right side of the figure, and there is a partition such as a fence between the location of the fire and the spectator seats, or if there is a difference in elevation, it is possible that some of the spectators who do not sense any danger will become curious bystanders and gather in the spectator seating section 3 closer to the location of the fire to watch the fire.

In this state, if the swivel nozzle 7 is aimed at the location of the fire and water spraying begins, some of the fire extinguishing water may splash onto people gathered in the seating area 3 near the location of the fire, causing them to get wet or even get injured.
Therefore, the water discharge method of the fire extinguishing equipment in this embodiment includes a shifted water discharge process in which, when a fire occurs and water discharge begins, the fire extinguishing equipment shifts its position to a position in the field section 1 away from the audience section 3 regardless of the location of the fire, and after the shifted water discharge process, the fire extinguishing equipment rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water at the fire source.
Each step will be described in detail below.

<Shifted water discharge process>
As described above, the shifted water discharge process is a process in which, when a fire occurs and water discharge begins, water is discharged from a shifted position to a position in the field area 1 away from the spectator area 3, regardless of the location of the fire.
The location for staggered water discharge is not particularly limited, as long as it is away from the seating area 3 and is not splashed with fire extinguishing water even if there are people in the seating.
In the example shown in FIG. 1, the swivel angle of the swivel nozzle 7 is 108°. In this case, the offset water discharge position may be, for example, the center of the protection range, that is, 54° from either end.

If the offset water discharge position is located in the center of the protection range, as shown by the white arrows in Figure 1, regardless of whether the fire originates on either side of the offset water discharge position, the time required to rotate to the fire source position for main water discharge will not be extremely long.
In addition, FIG. 2 shows a case where the direction of the fire source is 32° to the right in the figure from the position of the offset water discharge. In this case, in this water discharge process, as shown in FIG. 2, the swivel nozzle 7 is rotated 32° to the right in the figure from the position where the offset water discharge was performed.

The offset water discharge process can be broken down into two steps: a nozzle rotation process in which the swivel nozzle 7 is rotated from the standby position to a position where water is discharged, and a water discharge process in which water is discharged from the offset water discharge position. The duration of the water discharge process may be, for example, about 5 to 30 seconds.

The water discharge position and water discharge time in the staggered water discharge process can be appropriately determined by the operator when operated by a person, and when operated by a device as described below, can be set in the device in advance according to the installation location of the device.

<Main water discharge process>
This water discharge process is a process in which, after the staggered water discharge process, the swivel nozzle 7 is rotated toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water, and water is discharged toward the fire source.
This water-discharge process can be subdivided into a water-discharge rotation process in which the swivel nozzle 7 is rotated toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water after the staggered water-discharge process, and a fire source water-discharge process in which water is discharged toward the fire source.

During the water spray rotation process, water spraying continues, so people watching the fire in the audience area 3 become aware of the start of water spraying when they see the staggered water spraying begin, and then become aware that the water spray is approaching. This makes people aware that if they remain in their place, water will be sprayed on them, and makes them aware of the need to leave the area.

By transitioning to the main water-discharge process after the staggered water-discharge process, people in the audience section 3 can be made aware that the water is approaching them, and at this point, people in the audience section 3 can be made aware of the need to evacuate.
That is, even if there is only a fire and the location of the fire is far from the seating area 3 and no danger is felt, the risk of damage caused by the forceful water discharge can be sensed.

Then, when the fire source water discharge process is started, there will be no people in the seating area 3 where the water will be discharged, so that even if some of the water is discharged onto the seating area 3, no harm will come to people.
In this way, according to the water discharge method of the fire extinguishing equipment of this embodiment, in cases where the protected area is separated from the audience area 3 by a fence or the like, such as between the field area 1 and the audience area 3, or the protected area is on a floor below the audience area 3 due to floor differences, and people in the audience area 3 have low awareness of the need to evacuate in the event of a fire breaking out within the protected area, it is possible to induce people in the audience area 3 to evacuate, thereby preventing damage caused by water discharge.

In addition, in this water discharge process, the operation of identifying the fire source position and rotating the water discharge nozzle relative to the fire source position may be performed by a person, as in the offset water discharge process, or may be performed automatically by a device as described below.

<Other Aspects>
The above explanation was for a case in which the facility is divided into a field area 1 where competitions, performances, etc. take place, and an audience area 3 for watching the competitions, performances, etc. in the field area 1, and water is sprayed on a fire that occurs within the protected area, with the field area 1 being the protected area.
However, this embodiment is not limited to the above case, and can also be applied to a fire extinguishing system that is installed in a facility, such as a shopping mall, which has an atrium and a multi-level structure around the atrium, and which uses the floor of the atrium as its protected area and sprays water on a fire that occurs within the protected area.

The water discharge method in such fire extinguishing equipment may include a shifted water discharge process in which, when a fire occurs and water discharge is started, the floor section is shifted to a position away from the multi-layered structure section and discharges water therefrom, regardless of the location of the fire, and a main water discharge process in which, after the shifted water discharge process, the equipment rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water at the fire source.
The specific contents of the offset water-discharge process and the main water-discharge process are the same as those of the fire extinguishing equipment installed in the facility having the field section 1 and the audience section 3 described above.

The offset water discharge process is performed when water is discharged at the location of the fire and some of the water falls on the seating area 3, and this water discharge process may be performed without offset water discharge when water is discharged at the location of the fire and some of the water does not fall on the seating area 3.

[Embodiment 2]
The first embodiment relates to a water discharge method of a fire extinguishing equipment, including cases where the fire extinguishing equipment is operated by a human and cases where the fire extinguishing equipment is automatically operated by a machine. The present embodiment relates to a fire extinguishing equipment that can realize such a water discharge method in the case where the fire extinguishing equipment is operated by a machine.
For example, this relates to a fire extinguishing system that is installed in a facility that is divided into a field area 1 where competitions, performances, etc. take place and an audience area 3 for watching the competitions, performances, etc. in the field area 1, and that has a swivel nozzle 7 that sprays water on fires that occur within the field area 1 as its protected area.

As shown in Figure 3, the fire extinguishing equipment 9 in this embodiment includes, for example, three swivel nozzles 7, a fire detection device 11 that detects fires, and a control unit 13 that controls the rotation and water discharge of the swivel nozzles 7 based on information from the fire detection device 11.
Each component will be described in detail below.
The fire extinguishing equipment 9 is equipped with various devices such as a fire water tank for storing fire extinguishing water, a fire pump for pumping the fire extinguishing water, a start-up control panel for the fire pump, and a device for switching between automatic and manual operation of the swivel nozzle 7, but illustrations and descriptions of such general devices are omitted.

<Fire detection device>
The fire detection device 11 detects a fire by detecting a protection area, and is equipped with, for example, an infrared camera, an infrared camera control unit, and a rotation device for rotating the infrared camera.
The fire detection device 11 rotates the infrared camera within the protection range, and the infrared camera control unit detects the presence or absence of a fire based on the image data.
When the fire detection device 11 detects the occurrence of a fire and its location, the information is input to the control unit 13 .

<Control Unit>
The control unit 13 controls the rotation and water discharge of the swivel nozzle 7 when fire detection information is input from the fire detection device 11. Specifically, the control unit 13 controls the swivel nozzle 7 as follows.
When fire detection information is input, the nozzle is rotated toward a preset position in the field section 1 away from the seating section 3 regardless of the location of the fire, and a staggered water discharge is performed to discharge water at that position. Then, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the nozzle is rotated toward the location of the fire while continuing to discharge water, and the swiveling nozzle 7 is controlled so as to perform a main water discharge to discharge water toward the location of the fire.

The time for which the shifted water discharge is performed at the preset position may be a time preset in the control unit 13, for example, about 5 to 30 seconds.
When performing main water discharge on a fire source, the swivel nozzle 7 may be rotated slightly left and right to perform oscillating water discharge, as shown in Fig. 4. If the water discharge width without oscillation is 2 m, the water discharge width when oscillating is about 6 m, for example.
Swinging water spray is effective when the fire is growing quickly.

The fire extinguishing system 9 of this embodiment can realize the fire extinguishing method described in embodiment 1, and in cases where the protected area is separated from the audience area 3 by a fence or the like, such as between the field area 1 and the audience area 3, or the protected area is on a floor below the audience area 3 due to floor differences, and people in the audience area 3 have low awareness of the need to evacuate in the event of a fire occurring within the protected area, it is possible to induce people in the audience area 3 to evacuate, and to prevent damage caused by water being sprayed on them.

In the above explanation, the control unit 13 controls the swivel nozzle 7 based on fire detection information from the fire detection device 11, but the control unit 13 of the present invention is not limited to this, and may input fire location designation information instead of fire detection information to control the rotation and water discharge of the swivel nozzle 7.
Specifically, when fire location designation information is input, the control unit 13 controls the swivel nozzle 7 to rotate toward a predetermined position in the field section 1 away from the audience section 3 regardless of the location designated by the fire location designation information, perform a staggered water discharge at that position, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, rotate the swivel nozzle 7 toward the designated location while continuing to discharge water, and perform a main water discharge at the location of the fire.

The fire location designation information refers to the location information of the identified location when, for example, an operator identifies the location of a fire based on screen information such as a screen that displays the protection area.

<Other Aspects>
The above explanation was for a facility that is divided into a field area 1 where competitions, performances, etc. take place, and an audience area 3 for watching the competitions, performances, etc. in the field area 1, and where water is sprayed on a fire that occurs within the field area 1 as a protected area.
However, this embodiment is not limited to the above case, and can also be applied to a fire extinguishing system 9 that is installed in a facility, such as a shopping mall, that has an atrium and has a multi-level structure around the atrium, and that uses the floor of the atrium as its protected area and sprays water on a fire that occurs within the protected area.

The configuration of such a fire extinguishing system 9 is a fire extinguishing system 9 that is installed in a facility having an atrium and a hierarchical structure around the atrium, and that is equipped with a swivel nozzle 7 that sprays water on a fire that has occurred within the protected area, with the floor of the atrium being the protected area. When fire detection information or fire location designation information is input from the fire detection device 11, the control unit 13 that controls the rotation and water spraying of the swivel nozzle 7 controls the swivel nozzle 7 to rotate toward a preset position on the floor of the atrium and away from the hierarchical structure regardless of the location of the fire, perform a shifted water spray at that position, and after a predetermined time has passed, rotate the swivel nozzle 7 toward the location of the fire while continuing to spray water, and perform a main water spray at the location of the fire.

In the above description, the control unit 13 always performs staggered water discharge when fire detection information or fire location designation information is input.
However, the control unit 13 may control the swivel nozzle 7 to perform the main water discharge without performing the staggered water discharge when spraying water at the location of the fire would result in some of the water falling on the audience seating area 3 or the multi-storey structure, and when spraying water at the location of the fire would not result in the water falling on the audience seating area 3 or the multi-storey structure.

In this case, when fire detection information or fire location designation information is input, the control unit 13 will determine whether or not water will be sprayed based on the positional relationship between the seating area 3 and the multi-level structure. Therefore, the control unit 13 can set in advance the areas where water will and will not be sprayed on the seating area 3 and the multi-level structure when water is sprayed within the protection range.

Also, staggered water discharge may be performed only in the case of long-distance or intermediate water discharge. In the case of nearby water discharge, although people may get wet if water is sprayed on them, the force of the water is weak and the risk of injury is low, so it may be possible to prioritize discharging water on the fire source as soon as possible.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, examples of locations where the fire extinguishing equipment 9 can be installed include a facility divided into a field area 1 where competitions, performances, etc. take place and an audience area 3 for watching the competitions, performances, etc. in the field area 1, and a facility with an atrium area surrounded by a tiered structure, but the facilities in which the fire extinguishing equipment 9 of the present invention can be installed are not limited to these, and the equipment can be widely applied to any facility where it is considered that there is a possibility of people being harmed by the sudden spraying of water on a fire source.

1 Field section 3 Spectator section 5 Stadium 7 Swivel nozzle 9 Fire extinguishing equipment 11 Fire detection device 13 Control section

Claims (8)

A water discharge method for a fire extinguishing system that is installed in a facility divided into a field section where competitions, performances, etc. take place and an audience section for watching the competitions, performances, etc. in the field section, and that has a swivel nozzle that discharges water against a fire that has occurred in the field section as a protected area, comprising:
When a fire occurs and water discharge is started, a shifted water discharge process is performed to discharge water at a position in the field section away from the seating area, regardless of the location of the fire;
This water-discharging method for a fire extinguishing system is characterized by comprising a main water-discharging process in which, after the offset water-discharging process, the fire extinguishing system rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water toward the fire source. A water discharge method for a fire extinguishing system that is installed in a facility having an atrium and a multi-level structure around the atrium, and that has a swivel nozzle that discharges water against a fire that has occurred within a protected area that is a floor of the atrium, comprising:
a shifted water discharge process for discharging water at a position on the floor section away from the floor structure section, regardless of the location of the fire, when a fire occurs and water discharge is started;
This water-discharging method for a fire extinguishing system is characterized by comprising a main water-discharging process in which, after the offset water-discharging process, the fire extinguishing system rotates toward the fire source while continuing to discharge water and discharges water toward the fire source. The fire detection device detects a fire, a swivel nozzle rotates in a protection range and sprays fire extinguishing water, and a control unit controls the rotation and spraying of the swivel nozzle based on information from the fire detection device,
The control unit, when receiving fire detection information from a fire detection device, controls the nozzle to rotate toward a preset position unrelated to the location of the fire, perform a staggered water discharge at that position, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, rotate the nozzle toward the location of the fire while continuing to discharge water, and perform a main water discharge at the location of the fire. The present invention is provided with a fire detection device for detecting a fire, a swivel nozzle for rotating within a protection range and discharging fire extinguishing water, and a control unit for controlling the rotation of the swivel nozzle based on fire location designation information for designating a location where a fire has occurred,
The control unit controls the fire extinguishing equipment so that, when the fire location designation information is input, the nozzle rotates toward a preset position unrelated to the location of the fire, performs a staggered water discharge at that position, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the nozzle rotates toward the location of the fire while continuing to discharge water, and performs a main water discharge at the location of the fire. The facility is divided into a field area where competitions and performances take place and an audience area for watching the competitions and performances in the field area.
The swivel nozzle protects the field portion,
The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the control unit controls the swiveling nozzle to rotate toward a preset position in the field area away from the audience area, and to perform a staggered water discharge at that position. The fire extinguishing system according to claim 5, characterized in that the control unit controls the swivel nozzle so that the offset water discharge is performed when the water discharged at the fire location falls on the audience area, and the main water discharge is performed without offset water discharge when the water discharged at the fire location does not fall on the audience area. The system is installed in a facility having an atrium section and a multi-level structure section provided around the atrium section,
The swivel nozzle protects the floor of the atrium section,
The fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the control unit controls the swiveling nozzle to rotate toward a predetermined position on the floor portion away from the hierarchical structure portion, and to perform a staggered water discharge at that position. The fire extinguishing system according to claim 7, characterized in that the control unit controls the swivel nozzle so that the offset water discharge is performed when the water is discharged at the fire site and some of the discharged water falls on the multi-layered structure, and when the water is discharged at the fire site but does not fall on the multi-layered structure, the control unit controls the swivel nozzle so that the main water discharge is performed without offset water discharge.

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