JP7594838B2 - ハイブリッドエネルギー装置、システム、及びそのための方法 - Google Patents
ハイブリッドエネルギー装置、システム、及びそのための方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2019年4月10日に申請された、米国仮特許出願第62/831,828号の優先権の利益を主張するものであり、その内容は全体として参照により本明細書に援用される。
本開示は、エネルギー装置、システム、及びそのための方法に関し、より詳細には、さまざまな用途に電気エネルギーを提供するための太陽電池及びバッテリなどのハイブリッドエネルギー源を統合する装置及びシステムに関する。
太陽エネルギーは、さまざまな用途向けのクリーンで実用的なエネルギー源である。例えば、太陽電池パネルは、太陽エネルギーを収集し、収集した太陽エネルギーをさまざまな電気装置を動かすための電力に変換するために、屋上などの日当たりの良い場所に配備することができる。さまざまな形態、スタイル、及び大きさの太陽電池パネルが、太陽電池タイル、電話充電器、住宅設備、産業機器などのさまざまなデバイスのエネルギー源構成要素として広く使用されてきた。
・日光の断続性に起因する太陽エネルギー発生の不信頼性。
・太陽放射照度は日中に変化するので、太陽エネルギーハーベスティングシステムの動作点(例えば、電圧、及び/又は電流など)に広範囲の変動があり、それによりシステムの全体効率が著しく低下する。
・システムは、通常、システムに弾力性を提供するためにユーティリティ電力グリッドを必要とし、すなわち、太陽エネルギーが不十分であるか、又は利用できないときに、さまざまな負荷に電力を供給するためにユーティリティ電力グリッドを必要とする。
本開示の実施形態は、太陽電池、バッテリセル、及びいくつかの実施形態で電子回路を、効率的且つ信頼性の高い方式で統合し、高効率で信頼性の高いエネルギー装置又はモジュールをもたらす、ハイブリッドエネルギー装置又はモジュールに関する。
ここで、本開示の実施形態について、異なる図の同一の参照符号が同一の要素を指示する、以下の図を参照して説明する。
ここで図4に目を向けると、本開示のいくつかの実施形態による太陽エネルギーハーベスティングシステムが示され、参照符号100を使用して全体として識別される。示されるように、太陽エネルギーハーベスティングシステム100は、負荷104に電力を供給するためのハイブリッドエネルギーデバイス102を備える。
1)太陽電池を作るためのロールツーロールコーティング技術及びバッテリを作るためのステンシル印刷技術などの大規模製造技術における使用が容易であること、並びに
2)可撓性太陽電池により、そのすべての層の単純化された製造プロセスが可能になること。
Claims (27)
- 多層エネルギー装置であって、
透明又は半透明の基板と、
前記基板に結合された太陽電池層であって、前記基板を通して光を受け取って、受け取った前記光のエネルギーを第1の電気エネルギーに変換するための複数の太陽電池を備える太陽電池層と、
前記太陽電池層に結合されたエネルギー貯蔵層であって第2の電気エネルギーを貯蔵するための1つ又は複数のエネルギー貯蔵ユニットを備えるエネルギー貯蔵層と、
太陽電池層に電気的に接続される太陽電池入力変換器と、前記エネルギー貯蔵層に電気的に接続されるバッテリ入力変換器と、第1の電気エネルギーと第2の電気エネルギーを受けて第3の電気エネルギーに変換するように構成される出力変換器と、を備える変換器層と、を備え、
前記太陽電池入力変換器、バッテリ入力変換器、及び前記出力変換器は、第1のフェライトループ、第2のフェライトループ、及び第3のフェライトループを備えるフェライトコアに結合され、前記第1のフェライトループ及び前記第2のフェライトループの各々が、前記第3のフェライトループの一部を共有し、
前記太陽電池入力変換器は、前記第1のフェライトループの周りに巻かれるコイルを備え、前記バッテリ入力変換器は、前記第2のフェライトループの周りに巻かれるコイルを備え、前記出力変換器は、前記第3のフェライトループの周りに巻かれるコイルを備える、
多層エネルギー装置。 - 前記基板は、ガラスの層を含む、請求項1に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記基板は、可撓性の透明又は半透明の材料を含む、請求項1に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記基板は、透明又は半透明のプラスチック材料を含む、請求項1に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記基板は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)及びポリ(エーテルスルホン)(PES)のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記太陽電池層は、前記基板に印刷又は堆積される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵層は、前記太陽電池層に印刷又は堆積される、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記太陽電池層は、
前記基板に結合され第1の導電性副層と、
前記第1の導電性副層に結合された酸化亜鉛(ZnO)の副層と、
前記ZnOの副層に結合されたポリ(エチレンイミン)及びエトキシル化ポリエチレンイミン(PEIE)の副層と、
前記PEIEの副層に結合された有機太陽電池の副層と、
前記太陽電池の副層に結合された三酸化モリブデン(MoO3)の副層と、
前記MoO3の副層に結合された第2の導電性副層と、
を備える、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。 - 前記第1の導電性副層は、酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)を含む、請求項8に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記第2の導電性副層は、銀(Ag)又はアルミニウム(Al)を含む、請求項8又は9に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記太陽電池の副層は、ポリマー太陽電池を含む、請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記太陽電池の副層は、バルクヘテロ接合(BHJ)の副層を含む、請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記エネルギー貯蔵層は、1つ又は複数のバッテリセル及び、1つ又は複数の半導体コンデンサのうちの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項8~12のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 1つ又は複数の前記バッテリセルの各バッテリセルは、
第1の集電体副層と、
前記第1の集電体副層に結合されたアノード副層と、
前記アノード副層に結合された固体電解質副層と、
前記固体電解質副層に結合されたカソード副層と、
前記カソード副層に結合された第2の集電体副層と、
を備える、請求項13に記載の多層エネルギー装置。 - 前記第1の集電体副層及び前記第2の集電体副層のうちの少なくとも1つが、アルミニウムを含む、請求項14に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記固体電解質副層は、Al2O3及び第1の半相互貫入ポリマーネットワーク(半IPN)骨格材料とともにLiBF4を含む、請求項14又は15のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記固体電解質副層は、85/15重量比(w/w)の比率で、セバコニトリル(SBN)中の1モル濃度(1リットルあたり1モル)のLiBF4及び第1の半IPN骨格材料で作られ、60/40w/wの比率で約300モル濃度のAl2O3と混合される、請求項14又は15のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記アノード副層は、第1の炭素材料及び第2の半IPN骨格材料とともに活性化Li4Ti5O12(LTO)を含む、請求項14~17のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記カソード副層は、第2の炭素材料及び第3の半IPN骨格材料とともに活性化LiCoO2(LCO)を含む、請求項14~18のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記第1の炭素材料及び/又は前記第2の炭素材料は、単層カーボンナノチューブ(SWCNT)及び炭素粉末のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項18に従属する請求項19に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記活性化LTOは、SWCNTコーティングされた、請求項20に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記半IPN骨格材料は、紫外線(UV)硬化型ポリマーを含む、請求項17~21のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記UV硬化型ポリマーは、1.0重量パーセント(wt%)の2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチルプロピオフェノン(HMPP)を組み込んだエトキシル化トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(ETPTA)と、ポリ(フッ化ビニリデン-コ-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン)(PVdF-HFP)とを含み、HFPは6モルパーセント(mol%)であり、ETPTA/PVdF-HFPは75/25重量比(w/w)の比率である、請求項22に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 1つ又は複数の前記半導体コンデンサの各半導体コンデンサは、(n+1)個のヒ化ガリウム(GaAs)の副層と交互に配置されたn個のヒ化アルミニウムガリウム(AlGaAs)の副層を備え、n>0は整数であり、各AlGaAsの副層は2つの隣接するGaAsの副層の間に挟まれている、請求項13~23のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記変換器層は、前記太陽電池入力変換器、前記バッテリ入力変換器、及び前記出力変換器を有する多入力電子電力変換器を備える、請求項1~24のいずれか一項に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記フェライトコアは、強磁性又はフェリ磁性の磁心である、請求項25に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
- 前記フェライトコアは、2つの配線層の間に挟まれ、前記配線層の各配線層は、ベース上に導電性配線を備え、2つの前記配線層の前記導電性配線は、前記配線層上の1つ又は複数のビアを通して相互接続されて、前記フェライトコアの周りに巻きつく前記コイルを形成する、請求項26に記載の多層エネルギー装置。
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